JP2596733B2 - Block for wall construction - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a block which is used by being stacked in a plurality of upper and lower stages to construct various walls such as a retaining wall, a greening wall, a fish nest, and the like.

(Conventional technology) In a stone masonry retaining wall, which has been widely used as a retaining wall, masonry members come close to each other and keep their positions. The action point of the resultant force between the body weight and the earth pressure must be inside the front of the wall at an arbitrary height, and a line obtained by connecting the action points of the resultant force at each height, that is, a force line, Are classified into three types, A, B and C, as shown in FIG.

In the type of A, since the power line extends from the top end to the foundation, it is within the center 1/3 (middle third) of the wall cross section.
It becomes the most stable wall, and especially when the center of the wall is aligned with the line of force, the most ideal wall is constructed in terms of both stability and aesthetics.

In type B, since the power lines protrude from the back of the wall except for the top and near the foundation, if the backfill layer or the back soil is loose, there is a risk that Hardening is required.

In the type of C, since the lower part of the force line projects from the front of the wall, the wall may protrude and collapse,
It is necessary to set the retaining length of the retaining wall to be long or set the slope of the retaining wall to be gentle.

By the way, in a conventional concrete block provided as a masonry material in place of a slab, a split stone, a boulder, and the like, the upper surface and the lower surface of the blocks joined at the time of stacking are generally formed as flat surfaces.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Therefore, when the lower block is placed on the foundation concrete whose upper surface is inclined, and the lower surface of the upper block is joined to the upper surface of the lower block and the blocks are stacked in a plurality of upper and lower stages, Each front face of the step block will be aligned on an inclined straight line, and naturally the vertical center line of the wall will also be an inclined straight line, so with the force line which is a curve concave to the front side Will not match.

In the valley stacking block described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 58-69044, a positioning ridge is formed on one opposite side surface of the main body, and the positioning ridge is fitted to the other opposite side surface during stacking. A positioning groove is formed, and a vertical section in the front-rear direction of the positioning ridge and the positioning groove is formed in an arc shape.

However, in the intermediate block, the positioning ridge and the positioning groove are provided only at an intermediate portion between the upper and lower joining end faces of the block, and a ridge line forming a mating end portion is provided on the front side of the positioning ridge and the front side of the positioning groove. Therefore, when the positioning ridge is fitted into the positioning groove until the ridge line substantially contacts, the upper block is obstructed by the mating end,
It is completely impossible to rotate the lower block to the front side.

As described above, in the intermediate block, the positioning ridges and the positioning grooves are provided only for positioning the end portion between the adjacent blocks to prevent the blocks from being displaced from each other, The positioning ridges and the positioning grooves are not formed for the purpose of rotating the upper block toward the front side in the vertical plane with respect to the lower block after the blocks are stacked.

Therefore, also in the intermediate block, the front surfaces of the blocks in the upper and lower stages are aligned on an inclined straight line. Naturally, the vertical center line of the wall is also an inclined straight line. It does not match the force line that is the curve that became.

As described above, in the conventional masonry wall or the block masonry wall, the vertical centerline of the wall cannot be matched with the power line, which is a curved line concave to the front side, so that the stability of the wall is secured. Therefore, the slope of the wall is set to be gentle, and the maximum allowable height of the wall is set to be relatively low.

However, if the slope of the wall is set to be gentle, the area occupied by the wall construction on the ground following the top or the ground following the foundation increases, and thus there is a problem in effective use of land.

Further, the retaining wall block disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-10948 has a locking groove at one end of one side of a plate-shaped block body, and a locking ridge at another corresponding one end of one side. However, this locking groove has a central angle in the longitudinal section in the front-rear direction.
Since the locking ridge has an arc shape with a central angle of 180 ° or more in the longitudinal section in the front-rear direction, the locking groove of the lower block is formed. When the locking ridge of the upper block is to be fitted from above, the side of the locking ridge at the opening edge of the locking groove will be caught. By placing the blocks from above, the blocks above and below cannot be stacked.

In this retaining wall block, when stacking the upper and lower blocks, it is necessary to fit the locking ridge of the upper block from the side direction into the locking groove of the lower block,
As a practical matter, the fitting of the locking groove and the locking ridge, which have a certain length or more and have almost no play gap between each other, should be performed at the construction site where the working conditions such as scaffolds are poor. Is extremely difficult or impossible, and even if possible, the working efficiency is very poor.

Further, the retaining wall block is installed so as to bend and rotate to the front side or the rear side around the locking concave groove and the locking ridge so as to adapt to the unevenness of the slope, and is connected. The wall constituted by the plate-shaped block main body does not take an ideal form in which the vertical center line of the wall coincides with or is sufficiently close to the power line.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to accurately stack the vertical center line of the wall so that the vertical line coincides with the force line or most of the walls are sufficiently close to each other, and the adjustment range of the arrangement angle of the upper and lower blocks is relatively small. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wall-constructing block that can easily construct a wide variety of walls, and can easily and efficiently stack the upper and lower blocks by placing them from above.

(Means for Solving the Problem) Hereinafter, a description will be given using reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. In the block for building a wall of the present invention, one of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the block 1 is a longitudinal cross section in the front-rear direction. Is provided with a joint concave portion 2 having a central angle of less than 180 degrees, and a longitudinal cross section in the front-rear direction is formed into an arc shape having a central angle of less than 180 degrees on the other of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the block 1. And a concave portion 2 for bonding.
And the joining projection 3 are provided over the entire width in the front-rear direction.

(Operation) When constructing a wall body such as an earth retaining wall, a foundation concrete body 9 having an arc-shaped concave section 10 having the same radius of curvature as the joining convex part 3 formed on the upper surface is used as an in-place foundation concrete part. Fixed.

When the lowermost block 1A is placed on the foundation concrete body 9 from above, the concave portion of the foundation concrete body 9
The joining protrusion 3 of the lowermost block 1A is fitted into the block 10A from above, and the block 1A is adjusted so that the center of the block 1A matches the force line calculated in advance for the wall to be constructed.
Can be rotated to the front side by a required angle in a vertical plane in a state in which the joining projection 3 is in sliding contact with the recess 10 of the foundation concrete 9.

Next, when placing the second block 1B on the lowermost block 1A from above, the joining protrusion 3 of the second block 1B is used.
Is fitted into the joint recess 2 of the lowermost block 1A from above, and the block 1B is joined to the joint convex portion 3 such that the center of the block 1B matches the force line calculated in advance for the wall to be constructed. Is rotated to the front side by a required angle in the vertical plane while sliding on the joint recess 2 of the block 1A.

Hereinafter, by repeating the joining and rotating operation by placing from above, the blocks up to the uppermost block are sequentially stacked up to a predetermined height while appropriately adjusting the arrangement angle in the vertical plane between the upper and lower blocks.

(Embodiment) In the wall construction block 1 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, when the front plate 5 and the back plate 6 connected by the body 4 are stacked in a plurality of upper and lower stages, In order to form a square space 7, each central portion and each corner portion are omitted in a right-angled triangular shape, and the frontal shape is such that two octagons are connected side by side. A circular vertical hole 8 is provided at the center of the body 4.

In the block of the present embodiment, the joining concave portion 2 is constituted by the entire upper end surface 5a of the front plate 5 and the entire upper end surface 6a of the rear plate 6, and the arc-shaped generatrix of the upper end surfaces 5a, 6a is formed on the front plate 5. The joints 2 are formed on the same circular arc on the vertical plane in the front-rear direction orthogonal to each other, and are formed concave upward.

The joining projection 3 is composed of the entire lower end surface 5b of the front plate 5 and the rear plate 6
, And the arc-shaped buses of the lower end surfaces 5b, 6b are on the same arc in a vertical plane perpendicular to the front plate 5 in the front-rear direction, and the joint convex portion 3 is convex downward. Is formed.

The radius of curvature of each of the arcuate surfaces of the joining concave portion 2 and the joining convex portion 3 is the same, and when fitted together, each of the arcuate surfaces comes into close sliding contact.

In this embodiment, the spacer block 11 is inserted between appropriate steps for adjusting the height of the wall. This spacer block
On the upper surface of the concave portion 11, an arc-shaped concave portion 12 having the same radius of curvature as the arc surface of the joining convex portion 3 is formed.
On the lower surface, an arc-shaped convex portion 13 having the same radius of curvature as the arc surface of the joining concave portion 2 is formed.

If the wall to be constructed is an earth retaining wall, the backing material such as rubble stone or crushed gravel is provided in the space behind the stacked blocks 1 and between the front plate 5 and the back plate 6 according to a conventional method. Is filled up, the back soil is backfilled, and the square space 7 formed between the upper and lower blocks is provided with desired vegetation for greening or a drainage pipe is provided.

In the above description, the stacking method of the blocks is empty, but in the case of kneading, the joint mortar is filled between the joint concave portion 2 of the lower block and the joint convex portion 3 of the upper block according to a conventional method. The backfill concrete is cast behind the block wall, and the back soil is backfilled. If necessary, the concrete is filled through the vertical holes 8 of the body 4 and the space 7 formed between the upper and lower blocks is provided with vegetation for greening or a drain pipe is provided. Will be arranged.

When this block is used for constructing an artificial fish nest, the front plate 5 and the rear plate 6
The space between them is not filled with crushed gravel or stuffed concrete. This space is used as a space for evacuation and nesting of fish, and the space 7 between the upper and lower blocks is used as an entrance for fish.

In addition, in order to perform the stacking along the line of force more efficiently, an angle scale or the like may be provided on the side surface of the block for the purpose of accurately knowing the angular displacement between the blocks.

The block of the present invention is applicable to various types of walls constructed on the ground or underwater, such as a retaining wall, a green retaining wall, a retaining and greening retaining wall, an artificial fish nest, and the like. The joint concave portion 2 and the joint convex portion 3 may be appropriately changed, and may be formed of a single circular arc surface continuous over the entire width instead of the two circular arc surfaces divided at the center. it can.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, in the block for building a wall according to the present invention, after the blocks 1 and 1 are stacked, the upper block 1 is perpendicular to the lower block 1 around the joining recesses 2 and 3. Since the joining concave portion 2 and the joining convex portion 3 having an arc-shaped longitudinal section in the front-rear direction are provided over the entire width in the front-rear direction so that the front block can rotate in the plane, the upper block 1 By arranging the front surface at an angle with respect to the front surface of the lower block 1 that is one or more steps lower, the block can be accurately and easily positioned so that the vertical centerline of the wall matches or is sufficiently close to the force line. And a stable wall can be accurately and easily constructed.

As described above, it is easy to substantially match the vertical center line of the wall with the force line, and thereby sufficient stability can be ensured. It is not necessary to set a gentle slope, and the effective area of the ground following the top and the ground following the foundation can be increased, and a higher wall can be constructed.

Furthermore, in the wall construction block of the present invention, as described above, the joining concave portion 2 and the joining convex portion 3 are provided over the entire width of the width in the front-rear direction, and the joining concave portion 2 and the joining convex portion 3 are provided.
There is no protrusion on the front side or the rear side that hinders the rotation of the block 1. Therefore, the rotational scanning of the block 1 has a high degree of freedom, and the upper and lower blocks 1 correspond to the height of the retaining wall. , 1 can be adjusted and changed in a relatively wide range, and a wide variety of walls can be easily constructed by using one type of block.

Further, in the wall building block of the present invention, since the longitudinal cross sections in the front-rear direction of the joint concave portion 2 and the joint convex portion 3 are each formed by an arc having a central angle of less than 180 degrees, the lower block The operation of fitting the joining block 3 of the upper block into the joining recess 2 from above is performed smoothly without the side surface of the joining projection 3 being held at the opening edge of the joining recess 2, and the lower block is fitted to the joining block 3. By simply placing the upper block from above, the upper and lower blocks can be stacked easily and efficiently.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing types of force lines acting on a retaining wall. FIG. 2 is a right side view of a block for building a wall according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the block.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the block. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an earth retaining wall constructed using the block. 1, 1A, 1B, 1C ..... a block for building a wall, 2.... A concave portion for connecting, 3.... A convex portion for connecting, 4...
6: rear plate, 7: space, 8: vertical hole, 9: base concrete body, 10: concave part, 11: spacer block, 12: concave part, 13: convex part

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A joining concave portion 2 having a longitudinal section in an anterior-posterior direction having an arc shape having a central angle of less than 180 degrees is provided on one of an upper end surface and a lower end surface of a block 1. On the other side, a wall having a joining convex portion 3 having a longitudinal section in an arc shape having a central angle of less than 180 degrees and a joining concave portion 2 and a joining convex portion 3 being provided over the entire width in the longitudinal direction. Building blocks.