JP2594626B2 - Crushing method using elastic expansion body - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for crushing rock or concrete blocks, and more particularly to crushing using an elastic expansion body which expands radially outward by supplying a pressurized fluid. And a crushing method.

(Conventional technology and its problems) In order to crush rigid objects to be crushed such as rock and concrete blocks, for example, a blasting agent such as dynamite is inserted into holes drilled in advance and exploded. There is a method of crushing by the explosive power.

However, in the conventional method using dynamite, special qualifications and prudence are required for handling and storage, and work around the area is stopped to avoid the effects of blasts etc. at the time of blasting And there is a problem that extremely loud noise is generated.

On the other hand, in order to solve such a problem, a method has been proposed in which a chemical is injected into a perforated portion and a rock or a concrete block is crushed by an expansion phenomenon based on a chemical reaction of the chemical. However, this method using a chemical reaction has a problem that it is necessary to accurately measure each chemical and that the chemical reaction proceeds rapidly, so that it is necessary to master the handling, and the work efficiency is poor. there were.

Further, there is a method of forcibly inserting a wedge using a hydraulic device. However, the hydraulic device is expensive in itself, generally occupies a large area, requires frequent maintenance, and requires a large amount of hydraulic oil. There were problems such as contamination of the surroundings due to leakage.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and has as its object to provide an inexpensive crushing method that is easy to handle.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve this object, in the method of the present invention, a tubular body made of rubber or a rubber-like elastic material is provided with respect to an axis of the tubular body which is disposed on the outer periphery of the tubular body. A burst prevention layer in which cords having a high elongation rate cross each other at an angle smaller than the static angle (54 ゜ 44 '), and an angle smaller than the static angle with respect to the axis of the tubular body disposed around the outer periphery of the burst anti-static layer. A reinforcing layer in which cords having excellent tensile strength intersect each other, a skin layer made of rubber or a rubber-like elastic material disposed on the outer periphery of the reinforcing layer, and a tubular body, a burst prevention layer, a reinforcing layer, and an outer layer. A base member that seals and attaches both ends of the skin layer to each other, and by supplying a pressurized fluid to the tubular body through a supply / discharge hole provided in the base member, shrinks the tubular body in the axial direction. The elastic expansion body that expands radially outward with it , Bedrock,
It is inserted into the perforated part formed in the object to be crushed, such as a concrete block, and the pressurized fluid is supplied to the tubular body through the supply and discharge holes of the mouthpiece member to expand radially outward to crush the object to be crushed. .

(Example) Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an elastic inflatable body 10 used in the method of the present invention, in which 12 is a tubular body, 14 is a burst prevention layer disposed on the outer periphery of the tubular body, Reference numeral 16 denotes a reinforcing layer disposed on the outer periphery of the burst layer.

The tubular body 12 is made of rubber or a rubber-like elastic material capable of preventing permeation of the pressurized fluid applied to the internal space 12a and allowing radial deformation.

Burst prevention layer 14 arranged on the outer periphery of this tubular body 12
Are formed by laminating cords having a high elongation rate wound at an initial angle of not more than a so-called static angle (54 ° 44 ′), preferably 5 ° to 25 ° with respect to the axis of the tubular body, in a layered manner, and intersecting each other as at least one pair. When the tubular body 12 undergoes the maximum bulging due to the application of the internal pressure to the tubular body, the tubular body 12 performs a relative movement to a stationary angle to allow the bulging deformation of the tubular body. Numeral 12 protrudes outward through a reinforcing layer disposed on the outside, which will be described later, to prevent burst.

Various cords having a large elongation rate can be considered as the cord constituting the burst prevention layer 14, and cords having a larger elongation than the reinforcing layer, for example, cords made of nylon fibers or cord fabrics made of them, and further high-strength rubbers It is preferred to use It is preferable to use those cords having a higher elongation than the cord layer forming the reinforcing layer 16. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described cord, and for example, a braided reinforcing structure pre-braided so that the cord has the above-mentioned initial setting angle can be used.

On the other hand, on the outer periphery of the burst prevention layer 14, for example,
A high tension fiber cord or a steel cord made of an aromatic polyamide fiber, a nylon fiber or the like, or at least a pair of cord layers having excellent tensile strength such as a cord fabric made of the same, as in the burst prevention layer 14, a tubular body.
It winds at an angle of less than the static angle with respect to the 12 axes, preferably at an angle of 5 ° to 25 ° with respect to the axis of the tubular body, and is disposed so that the cords 16, 16 of the respective cord layers cross each other. I do.

By the way, when the pressurized fluid is applied to the one having the above structure in which the initial setting angle is changed in the range of 0 ° to 25 °, when the tubular body protrudes outward through the burst prevention layer and the reinforcing layer and bursts, When the pressure of the pressurized fluid, that is, the burst pressure, was examined, the results shown in FIG. 2 were obtained. In addition,
The tubular body 12 is made of rubber having an inner diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, the burst prevention layer is a layer in which 22 nylon cords per cm are arranged in four layers, and the reinforcing layer is 1c.
Each of 6.5 Kevlar cords arranged in two layers per m was used.

As is apparent from this figure, it has been found that it is advantageous to set the initial braid angle of the reinforcing layer in the range of 5 ° to 25 ° in consideration of the burst pressure resistance. Note that the same applies to the burst prevention layer 14.

Further, in this embodiment, a pair of cord layers arranged to intersect with each other is used as the reinforcing layer 16, but the number of the cord layers depends on the magnitude of the pressure of the pressurized fluid applied to the tubular body. As a matter of course, a braided reinforcing structure in which the above-described fibers or steel cords are braided at an initially set angle can be used as the reinforcing layer, similarly to the burst prevention layer 14.

Next, on the outer periphery of the reinforcing layer 16, an outer skin layer 18 which does not inhibit the expansion and deformation of the tubular body also made of rubber or a rubber-like elastic material is provided, and the reinforcing layer 16 comes into direct contact with the surface of the crushed object. By doing so, it is possible to prevent damage and adjust the outer diameter of the elastic expansion body 10.

Although only one of them is shown in FIG. 1 for simplicity, a base member 20 for sealing the open ends of the tubular body 12, the burst prevention layer 14, the reinforcing layer 16, and the outer skin layer 18 is provided.

Various types of cap members 20 are conceivable.For example, a solid rod having a diameter substantially equal to or slightly larger than the inner diameter of the tubular body 12 is inserted and the outer skin layer 18 is inserted.
By crimping the annular metal fitting from the outside, a structure in which the base member, the tubular body, the burst prevention layer, the reinforcing layer, and the outer skin layer are integrally bonded can be obtained. In addition, at least one of the base members 20 includes
A supply / discharge hole 22 is provided so that a pressurized fluid can be supplied to and discharged from the internal space 12a of the tubular body.

Next, a state of crushing a rigid object to be crushed such as a bedrock or a concrete block using the elastic expansion body 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3 (a), it is assumed that a pilot hole 24a is previously drilled in the material 24 to be crushed. In the perforated part 24a,
The elastic inflatable body 10 having the above-described structure is inserted.The elastic inflatable body is connected to a suitable operating pressure source for the base member 20, for example, a pipeline 28 connected to a compressor 26.
On the other hand, it is assumed that control means 30 for controlling the supply and discharge of the pressurized water to the elastic expansion body 10 is provided at an intermediate portion of the pipe 28.
This situation is shown in FIG.

First, when the control means 30 is adjusted and pressurized water is supplied into the internal space 12a of the tubular body 12 constituting the elastic inflatable body 10, the initial braid of the reinforcing layer 16 and the burst prevention layer 14 disposed on the outer periphery of the tubular body are provided. As each of the layers expands to an angle of rest, the tubular body 12 contracts in its axial direction, expands radially outward, and presses the crushed material 24 from the inside of the perforated portion to the outside. The crushed material 24 cannot withstand the pressure and eventually crushes.

It should be noted here that since the elastic expander 10 is a so-called fully expandable type, almost all the energy of the pressurized water applied to the inside thereof is applied to the expansion movement, so that it is extremely efficient. Crushing work can be performed.

When the crushing of the crushed object is completed, the control means
When the pressurized water is discharged from the inside of the elastic expansion body by operating 30, the internal pressure no longer acts on the elastic expansion body 10, so that the elastic expansion body becomes flexible. Therefore, the handling is extremely easy. The supply and discharge of the pressurized fluid to and from the elastic expansion body 10 may be performed manually or may be performed automatically.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of the claims.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, according to the method of the present invention, the pressurized fluid is simply applied to the internal space of the elastic inflatable body to expand and deform the elastic inflatable body. Since crushed materials can be crushed without blast or noise, there is no need to consider the impact on the surroundings due to blast or noise during crushing work, and safe and quiet crushing work can be performed . In addition, since there is no need to master the accurate measurement of chemicals, there are many advantages such as easy handling and application under various working conditions.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway view of an elastic expansion body suitable for application to the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an initial setting angle and burst pressure resistance of a reinforcing layer in the elastic expansion body shown in FIG. FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are diagrams schematically showing the state of crushing by the method of the present invention. 10 elastic elastic body, 12 tubular body 12a internal space, 14 anti-burst layer 16 reinforcing layer, 18 outer skin layer 20 base member, 22 supply / discharge hole 24 Material to be crushed, 26 ... Operating pressure source 28 ... Pipe line, 30 ... Control means

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hisaya Junta 1-10-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Bridgestone Corporation (72) Inventor Hideaki Saito 1-10-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Bridgestone Corporation (56) References JP-A-61-117397 (JP, A) JP-A-62-16192 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tubular body made of rubber or a rubber-like elastic material, and a cord having a large elongation at an angle smaller than a static angle (54 ゜ 44 ′) with respect to an axis of the tubular body, the cord being provided on the outer periphery of the tubular body. A burst prevention layer intersecting with each other, a reinforcement layer disposed on the outer periphery of the burst prevention layer and intersecting cords excellent in tensile strength at an angle smaller than a static angle with respect to the axis of the tubular body, and a reinforcement layer; An outer skin layer made of rubber or a rubber-like elastic material disposed on the outer periphery of the base member, and a base member for sealing and joining the both ends of the tubular body, the burst prevention layer, the reinforcing layer, and the outer skin layer to each other; By supplying a pressurized fluid into the tubular body through a supply / discharge hole provided in the member, the elastic inflatable body that expands radially outward with shrinkage in the axial direction of the tubular body is formed into a rock, a concrete block. Into the perforated part formed in the material to be crushed. A crushing method using an elastic expanding body, characterized in that a pressurized fluid is supplied into the tubular body through a supply / discharge hole of a base member to expand radially outward to crush the object to be crushed. .