JP2591651B2 - High speed hammer press - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-speed hammer press as an improved compression forging machine for forging and forming a red hot steel ingot and the like.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for forging a red-hot steel ingot, for example, a method in which a ram and a workpiece are violently collided by an air hammer and a method in which a large compressive force is applied by a press are known. The machines used in these systems include an air hammer and a forging press.

The air hammer is a mechanism for accelerating a ram at a high speed by air pressure, giving a large kinetic energy, and colliding it with a workpiece through a mold to forge the workpiece. The air hammer adjusts the air volume,
There is an advantage that the collision speed can be adjusted and a large forging pressure can be generated as compared with a forging press.

On the other hand, forging presses have a mechanism in which pressure is applied to a ram to slowly forge a workpiece sandwiched between dies. I have. The forging press has the advantage that the operating speed of the ram is low and the driving operation is much easier than with an air hammer. The forging press includes, for example, a hydraulic type and a mechanical type.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, conventional air hammers and forging presses have the following problems.

In the case of an air hammer, the workpiece sandwiched by the mold may shift or tilt from a predetermined position due to the collision of the ram, and depending on the shift or tilt of the workpiece, the impact of the ram may be adjusted or adjusted. However, it is necessary to interrupt the work to adjust the deviation and inclination of the workpiece, and it is necessary to adjust the ram's impact force depending on the progress of the molding of the workpiece. It costs.

In addition, since the impact energy of one hit is too large, if the workpiece has a large inclination, the die may be damaged by the collision of the ram, and the fragments may be scattered around to cause a personal injury.

Furthermore, even if it is necessary to urgently stop the lowering of the ram during the lowering of the ram, even if the ram is stopped instantaneously, since the air has compressibility, the ram descends due to inertia and collides with the mold,
It is not possible to stop a ram collision momentarily in an emergency.

In this way, the air hammer is a mechanism that makes the ram accelerated at high speed by air pressure collide with the workpiece through the mold, so it is extremely difficult to operate and it is safe and efficient operation unless a skilled worker with many years of experience There was a drawback that can not be.

On the other hand, a forging press requires a press with a very large pressing force in order to achieve the same forming ability as an air hammer, and requires several times the equipment cost compared to an air hammer There was a disadvantage. In addition, since the ram is always in contact with the mold, there is also a disadvantage that the heat of the workpiece of the red-hot steel ingot is accumulated in the mold and the life of the mold is shortened.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has been made in order to solve the problems. The purpose of the present invention is to make driving operation simple, safe and efficient even if not a skilled worker. Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed hammer press that can perform a stable operation, has a large pressing force without increasing the size of the machine, and can avoid accumulation of heat in a mold.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a press body having a pressurizing mechanism, a high-speed cylinder piston mechanism that reciprocates at a high speed is provided relatively freely to and away from a workpiece, and is provided via a mold. The ram that continuously collides with the workpiece is interlocked with the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism, and the pressurizing mechanism and the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism are linked and controlled.

Here, the press body may be a column-type press, in which the upper side of the workpiece may move up and down.
The press body may be composed of a column-shaped press, and the press body may be composed of a column-shaped press, and the lower side of the workpiece may be moved up and down. Further, it is preferable that the ram and the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism are interlockingly connected via a spherical bearing and a connection link.

[Action]

The present invention having the above configuration operates as follows.

That is, in the initial stage of the pressure molding, the pressure is applied to a point where the pressure can be molded by the press body provided with the pressure mechanism, and then the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism is operated and interlocked with the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism. Reciprocate the ram. The ram is continuously impacted on the workpiece through the mold at a high speed, and the kinetic energy of the ram is applied to the workpiece to continue the forming and forging.

Then, the pressurizing mechanism of the press body is operated in accordance with the deformation speed of the workpiece to keep the distance between the ram and the workpiece constant, and to keep the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the ram constant.

The stroke of the reciprocating motion of the ram is small and the impact force per stroke is small, but because the ram reciprocates at high speed,
The number of impacts increases, and the minute the impact power is, compensated by the number of impacts,
It is possible to increase the total amount of collision energy applied to the workpiece without increasing the size of the apparatus, and it works to achieve a predetermined pressure forming.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

First Embodiment Here, FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a column-type high-speed hammer press.

In the figure, the high-speed hammer press is a press body 1,
It is composed of a high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2, a ram 3, and the like.

The press body 1 is, for example, a column-type hydraulic press, and is slidably provided on an upper frame 4 and a lower frame 5 arranged vertically, a pair of columns 6 connecting the upper frame 4 and the lower frame 5, and a column 6. And a pressure cylinder 8 for pressing the slide frame 7 downward.

The upper frame 4 and the lower frame 5 are vertically separated from each other and fixed vertically by a pair of columns 6. Each column 6 extends vertically, and an outer nut 6a and an inner nut 6b are screwed to the upper and lower sides of each column 6, respectively. Each of the frames 5 is fixedly held from above and below.

The slide frame 7 is slidably disposed between the upper frame 4 and the lower frame 5. Slide frame 7
Slides up and down along the pair of columns 6. A column bush 7a is formed on the slide frame 7, and the column 6 is inserted through the column bush 7a. The top ends of the pressure pistons 8a of the pair of pressure cylinders 8 are connected to the upper surface of the slide frame 7 on the left and right.

Each pressurizing cylinder 8 having a pressurizing piston 8a is fixedly provided on the upper frame 4 disposed above the slide frame 7. The pressurizing cylinder 8 is provided such that the pressurizing piston 8a advances and retreats downward. When the pressurizing piston 8a advances, that is, extends downward, the pressurizing cylinder 8 presses the slide frame 7 downward, thereby applying pressure. When the pressure piston 8a retreats, that is, contracts upward, the slide frame 7 rises to release the pressurized state.

The slide frame 7 and the pressurizing cylinder 8 are composed of an operation / control panel 9, an electromagnetic hydraulic switching valve 10, a hydraulic pump 11, an electric motor 12, a hydraulic transmission path 13, a position detector 14, an electric signal path 15 shown in FIG. And a pressure mechanism. The operation / control panel 9
The position detector detects the position of the leading end of the pressurizing piston 8a of the pressurizing cylinder 8 to know the vertical position of the slide frame 7, and controls the switching of the electromagnetic hydraulic switching valve 10 based on this information.

The high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is provided on the upper surface at the center of the slide frame 7. The high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 integrally follows the elevation of the slide frame 7. The high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 includes a high-speed cylinder 2a and a high-speed piston 2b, and its control mechanism includes an operation / control panel 9, an electric motor 12, a servo switching valve 16, a hydraulic pump 17, and a hydraulic transmission shown in FIG. Road 18, position detector
19, an electric signal path 20 and the like. Servo switching valve 16
Is switched to reciprocate the high-speed piston 2b, for example, 10 to 50 times per second. That is, the position of the high-speed piston 2b is detected by the position detector 19 and sent to the operation / control panel 9, and the operation / control panel 9 controls the servo switching valve based on the information.
16 are switched.

High-speed piston constituting high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2
2b is mounted so as to reciprocate downward at a high speed, for example, 10 to 50 times per second. The tip (lower end) of the high-speed piston 2b is connected to a connection link 21 via a spherical bearing 21a.
It is connected to the ram 3 via b. That is, the high-speed piston 2b is linked to the ram 3 via the link 21 and the spherical bearings 21a and 21b. The connecting link 21 and the spherical bearings 21a and 21b absorb the lateral swing of the interlocking connection portion of the ram 3 with respect to the high-speed piston 2b, and smoothly transmit the impact force from the high-speed piston 2b to the ram 3.

The ram 3 is arranged so as to be able to slide up and down by inserting a ram bush 7b formed at the center of the slide frame 7, and the upper end and the lower end of the ram 3 project above and below the slide frame 7, respectively. ing. An upper mold 22, a workpiece 23, and a lower mold 24 are arranged below the ram 3 in this order, and the lower mold 24 is supported by the lower frame 5 via a table 25.

Next, the operation based on the configuration of the first embodiment will be described below.

First, the workpiece 23 is placed on the lower mold 24 fixed to the table 25 of the lower frame 5, and then the pressure mechanism is operated to extend the pressure piston 8a downward. When the pressure piston 8a extends downward, the slide frame 7 descends along the column 6. At this time, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 also descends integrally with the slide frame 7, and the ram 3 linked to the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 via the connection link 21 also descends. Then, the lower surface of the upper mold 22 fixed to the descending ram 3 contacts the upper surface of the workpiece 23. Until the lower surface of the upper mold 22 comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece 23, the working mechanism is not pressurized, but after contact, hydraulic pressure is supplied into the pressurizing cylinder 8 by the operation of the hydraulic pump 11. Then, the slide frame 7 is pressed downward.
The workpiece 23 is pressed and compressed by the pressing of the slide frame 7.

The pressurization is increased to the pressurization limit of the pressurization mechanism, and when the pressurization limit is reached, next, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is operated. When the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is operated, the hydraulic pump 17 is driven, and a signal is sent from the operation / control panel 9 to the servo switching valve 16, and the servo switching valve 16 is switched at high speed by the signal. The hydraulic pressure from 17 passes through the servo switching valve 16 and the hydraulic transmission path 18 to the high-speed cylinder 2a.
And the hydraulic pressure of the high-speed cylinder 2a is switched and changed at high speed, whereby the high-speed piston 2b reciprocates at high speed.

The high-speed reciprocating motion of the high-speed piston 2b causes the ram 3 to reciprocate at high speed in the vertical direction via the linking link 21, and the descending ram 3 continuously gives a collision to the workpiece 23 via the upper mold 22. . Due to the continuous collision by the ram 3, the workpiece 23 starts to be gradually compressed and deformed. At this time, the operation / control panel 9 performs automatic control by a program or manual control by visual control so that the extension speed of the pressurizing piston 8a of the pressurizing mechanism becomes the same corresponding to the compression speed of the workpiece 23. The distance between the upper mold 22 and the workpiece 23 is always kept constant, and efficient pressurization can be performed.

Then, at the time when the workpiece 23 is pressed into a predetermined shape, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is stopped, and
The pressure piston 8a of the pressure mechanism is reduced. This operation also
By controlling the operation and control panel 9, the pressurizing piston 8a
Is lowered to a predetermined position, the position detector 14 detects the position, the information is sent to the operation / control panel 9, and based on the information, the operation / control panel 9 switches the electromagnetic hydraulic switching valve 10 to Thus, the pressure piston 8a can be reduced.

When the pressurizing piston 8a contracts, the slide frame 7 rises, and the upper mold 22 fixed to the lower surface of the ram 3 also moves the workpiece 23.
Move away from At this time, for example, even when the ram 3 is reciprocating, if the slide frame 7 is raised by a distance larger than the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the ram 3,
The upper mold 22 does not collide with the workpiece 23, thereby preventing the workpiece 23 from being compressed more than necessary.

-Second embodiment- Here, FIG. 2 is a basic configuration diagram of a C-type frame high-speed hammer press, and FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG.

In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that
This is the point that the press body 1 is formed of the C-shaped frame 31.

That is, in the first embodiment, the upper frame 4 and the lower frame 5 are formed separately from each other. Correspondingly, the column 6, the outer nut 6a, and the inner nut 6b used in the first embodiment become unnecessary, and the column bush 7a formed on the slide frame 7 becomes unnecessary. . Further, since the column 6 can be omitted, the width of the C-shaped frame 31 can be reduced.

Further, a ram guide 32 is used instead of the slide frame 7. The ram guide 3 has a pressure piston 8a on both sides.
And can be moved up and down. The high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is integrally attached to the ram guide 32, and the ram 3 is interlockingly connected to the high-speed piston 2b via the connection link 21 so as to reciprocate up and down.

The operation based on the configuration of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

Third Embodiment Here, FIG. 4 is a basic configuration diagram of another column-type high-speed hammer press.

In the third embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that
In response to this difference, a ram guide frame 41 is used instead of the upper frame 4, a bed frame 42 is used instead of the lower frame 5, and a pressing cylinder is provided. Push-up cylinder 43 instead of 8
However, a lifting cylinder piston 44 is used instead of the pressurizing piston 8a.

In particular, in the first embodiment, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 and the pressure cylinder 8 are provided on the upper side of the slide frame 7, and the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is located at the center of the slide frame 7. The pressurizing cylinder 8 needs to be
In the third embodiment, a pressurizing mechanism including a push-up cylinder 43 and a push-up cylinder piston 44 is provided in order to provide the pressurizing mechanism upward below the workpiece 23 in the third embodiment. Can be mounted in the center,
There is an advantage that a single pressurizing mechanism different from the first embodiment can be used.

The lifting cylinder piston 44 is provided upward from below the bed frame 42, and a lifting cylinder 43 is mounted on the upper side thereof so as to be able to move up and down. A table 25 is provided on the upper surface of the lifting cylinder 43.
The lower die 24, the workpiece 23, and the upper die 22 are placed on the upper die 25 in this order. Further, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is installed on the upper surface of the ram guide frame 41. In the third embodiment, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 does not move up and down.

Next, the operation based on the configuration of the third embodiment will be described below.

First, the workpiece 23 is placed on the lower mold 24 fixed to the table 25 on the upper surface of the lifting cylinder 43, and then the pressing mechanism is operated to push up the lifting cylinder 43. When the lifting cylinder 43 is raised, the workpiece 23 is also raised integrally. At this time, since the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is fixed, it does not move up and down. The ram 3 is also in a stopped state.

Then, the upper surface of the ascending workpiece 23 is integrally brought into contact with the upper mold 22 fixed to the lower surface of the ram 3 by the raising of the lifting cylinder 43. Until the upper surface of the workpiece 23 contacts the lower surface of the upper mold 22, a pressurized state does not occur in the processing mechanism,
After the contact, the hydraulic pump 11 supplies hydraulic pressure into the lifting cylinder 43 to press the lifting cylinder 43 upward. The workpiece 23 is pressurized and compressed by the pressurization of the lifting cylinder 43.

The pressurization is increased to the pressurization limit of the pressurization mechanism, and when the pressurization limit is reached, next, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is operated. When the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is operated, the hydraulic pump 17 is driven, and a signal is sent from the operation / control panel 9 to the servo switching valve 16, and the servo switching valve 16 is switched at high speed by the signal. The hydraulic pressure from 17 passes through the servo switching valve 16 and the hydraulic transmission path 18 to the high-speed cylinder 2a.
And the hydraulic pressure of the high-speed cylinder 2a is switched and changed at high speed, whereby the high-speed piston 2b reciprocates at high speed.

The high-speed reciprocating motion of the high-speed piston 2b causes the ram 3 to reciprocate at high speed in the vertical direction via the connecting link 21, and the descending ram 3 continuously gives a collision to the workpiece 23 via the upper mold 22. . Due to the continuous collision by the ram 3, the workpiece 23 starts to be gradually compressed and deformed. At this time, the operation / control panel 9 performs automatic control by a program or manual control by visual control so that the extension speed of the push-up cylinder 43 of the pressurizing mechanism becomes the same in accordance with the compression speed of the workpiece 23. The distance between the upper mold 22 and the workpiece 23 is always kept constant, and efficient pressurization can be performed.

Then, at the time when the workpiece 23 is pressed into a predetermined shape, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2 is stopped, and
The lifting cylinder 43 of the pressing mechanism is lowered. This operation also
By controlling the operation and control panel 9, the push-up cylinder 43
Rises to a predetermined position, the position detector 14 detects the position, the information is sent to the operation / control panel 9, and based on the information, the operation / control panel 9 switches the electromagnetic hydraulic switching valve 10 to The lifting cylinder 43 can be lowered.

When the lifting cylinder 43 is lowered, the workpiece 23 is also lowered, and the upper surface of the workpiece 23 is separated from the upper mold 22 fixed to the lower surface of the ram 3. At this time, even if the ram 3 is reciprocating, if the lifting cylinder 43 is lowered by a distance larger than the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the ram 3, the upper mold 22 does not collide with the workpiece 23, The work 23 is prevented from being compressed more than necessary.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the third embodiment, the case where the pressurizing mechanism is the push-up cylinder 43 and the push-up cylinder piston 44 has been described. Alternatively, a mechanical push-up mechanism such as a wedge or a screw may be used instead. .

〔The invention's effect〕

As is apparent from the above description, according to the high-speed hammer press according to the present invention, the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism that reciprocates at a high speed is relatively attached to and detached from the press body having the pressurizing mechanism. Since the ram that continuously collides with the workpiece through the mold is interlockingly connected to the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism, the ram can reciprocate at a high speed to continuously collide with the workpiece, Unlike conventional air hammers, even if the impact force per shot is reduced, the small impact force is compensated for by the number of impacts, and the total amount of collision energy applied to the workpiece can be increased without increasing the size of the device. If it is possible to have the same forging capability, the apparatus can be made smaller than conventional air hammers and forging presses.

In addition, by reducing the impact force per stroke, the amount of deformation of the workpiece per impact of the ram is smaller than that of a conventional air hammer, so that extremely fine adjustment is possible, and even non-skilled workers can The driving operation can be performed more easily than with a conventional air hammer.

Furthermore, since the energy of a single impact is small, the mold is not easily damaged by the collision of the ram even when the workpiece is displaced or tilted greatly, and the broken mold fragments are scattered around to cause a personal injury. There is no fear of causing.

Furthermore, when it is necessary to stop the collision of the ram instantaneously in an emergency, by moving the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism interlocked with the ram or by moving the support of the workpiece, As a result, the workpiece can be relatively separated from each other, so that collision between the ram and the workpiece can be avoided.

In addition, since the ram and the mold come into contact only at the time of collision, unlike the conventional forging press where the ram and the mold are always in contact, the heat of the red-hot steel ingot is accumulated in the mold. It does not shorten the life of the mold.

In addition, since the pressurizing mechanism and the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism are controlled in conjunction with each other, the pressurizing mechanism of the press body is operated in accordance with the deformation speed of the workpiece, and the pressurizing mechanism is operated in accordance with the deformation speed of the workpiece. By controlling the elongation speed of the pressure mechanism to be the same, the distance between the ram and the workpiece can be kept constant, the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the ram can be kept constant, and efficient pressurization can be performed. be able to.

Thus, the high-speed hammer press according to the present invention
The operation is simple, safe and efficient operation can be performed even by a non-skilled worker, and it has a large pressing force without increasing the size of the machine, and also avoids the accumulation of heat in the mold. It has an extremely novel and beneficial effect, such as being possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of a high-speed hammer press according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a column-type high-speed hammer press, FIG. 2 is a basic configuration diagram of a C-type frame high-speed hammer press, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a basic configuration diagram of another high-speed hammer press for each column, and FIG. 5 is a basic hydraulic circuit diagram. [Description of symbols] 1: Press body 2: High-speed cylinder piston mechanism 2a: High-speed cylinder, 2b: High-speed piston 3: Ram, 4: Upper frame 5: Lower frame, 6: Column 6a: Outer nut, 6b: Inner nut 7 : Slide frame, 7a: Column bush 7b: Ram bush, 8: Pressurizing cylinder 8a: Pressurizing piston, 9: Operation / control panel 10: Electro-hydraulic switching valve, 11: Hydraulic pump 12: Electric motor, 13: Hydraulic transmission path 14: Position detector, 15: Electric signal path 16: Servo switching valve, 17: Hydraulic pump 18: Hydraulic transmission path, 19: Position detector 20: Electric signal path, 21: Connecting link 21a: Spherical bearing, 21b: Spherical Bearing 22: Upper die, 23: Workpiece 24: Lower die, 25: Table 31: C-shaped frame, 32: Ram guide 41: Ram guide frame, 42: Bet frame 43: Push-up cylinder 44: Push-up cylinder piston

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A press body having a pressurizing mechanism is provided with a high-speed cylinder piston mechanism which reciprocates at a high speed so as to be relatively free to contact with a workpiece, and is continuously connected to the workpiece via a mold. A high-speed hammer press, wherein the ram that collides is linked to the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism, and the pressurizing mechanism and the high-speed cylinder piston mechanism are linked and controlled. 2. The press body comprises a column-shaped press,
The high-speed hammer press according to claim 1, wherein the upper side of the workpiece is raised and lowered. 3. The press body comprises a C-shaped press.
High speed hammer press as described. 4. The high-speed hammer press according to claim 1, wherein the press body is a column-type press, and the lower side of the workpiece rises and lowers. 5. The ram and the high speed cylinder piston mechanism are interlockingly connected via a spherical bearing and a connection link.
A high-speed hammer press according to any one of Items 1 to 4.