JP2590253B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of easily reading a large amount of waveform data.

2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that an electronic musical instrument stores data of different waveforms corresponding to a timbre and a tone range (pitch) in a storage device, and gives a read address to a musical tone generator for reading. . FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a conventional electronic musical instrument. In FIG. 7, 1 is a key switch and tone selection switch, 2 is an assignment circuit for the switch, 3 is an execution control circuit, 4 is a waveform data storage device, 5 is a bank memory, 6 is a frequency number circuit, and 7 is a frequency number. The accumulating means, 8 is an envelope waveform circuit, 9 is a multiplication circuit, and 10 is an acoustic circuit.

The key switch and the timbre switch 1 are a switch group for selecting a key position and a timbre played by a player, and the assignment circuit 2 electrically scans the switch 1 of the switch group,
Information according to the open / closed state is assigned internally. Then, it sends it to the execution control circuit 3 as key information and tone color information. The execution control circuit 3 has a built-in central processing unit, and performs processes such as generating an address for reading waveform data from the waveform data storage device 4 based on the key information and timbre information as described later. The waveform data storage device 4 stores different waveform data corresponding to a timbre and a tone range (pitch) in each case. Further, the waveform data storage device 4 is composed of a plurality of banks (regions), the size (storage capacity) of the banks is fixed, and the timbre and the timbre (pitch) correspond to the banks. Therefore, in order to generate a certain musical tone, a bank is designated by the bank memory 5, and then the read address range corresponding to the key information is set to the frequency number circuit 6 and the accumulating means 7.
Specify with Then, the waveform data storage device 4 is read from the address determined by the bank memory 5, the frequency number circuit 6, and the accumulating means 7. An envelope is added to the read waveform data by the output of the envelope waveform circuit 8 by the multiplication circuit 9, and the acoustic circuit 10 performs digital-to-analog conversion to obtain a tone signal.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] The size of one bank in the waveform data storage device 4 of FIG. 7 is determined, and therefore the maximum value of the number of address bits for reading one bank is determined by the system. Even if the tone generator needs to expand the data area, for example, because it is special as waveform data, the number of address bits is limited and it cannot be dealt with immediately. That is,
In order to expand a certain bank of the storage device, it is necessary to bring a large-capacity storage device for that purpose, and the number of address bits to be accessed increases, so that there is a disadvantage that the system suddenly becomes large-scale. Was. Since the corresponding tone generator uses a bank of the same size as before, the address bits can be increased so that other tone generators use the bank even if the bank area has room. Because there is no.

An object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, paying attention to the fact that the difference in frequency accuracy does not cause a great problem in audibility depending on the type of musical sound, and without making the scale of the entire storage device particularly large, it is possible to use address waveforms for address bits. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument whose number can be changed and read out.

[Means for Solving the Problems] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle configuration of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 3 is an execution control circuit, 4 is a waveform data storage device,
6 is a frequency number circuit, 7 is frequency number accumulating means, 12
Indicates a decimal point position conversion circuit.

A plurality of tone generators, a keyboard having a plurality of keys, a plurality of tone selection switches 1 for setting a desired tone, and various control signals in accordance with the key and tone information obtained by scanning them. Execution control circuit 43 that sends out data in accordance with the generator
And a frequency number circuit for storing a frequency number corresponding to the key information in correspondence with the tone generator, and accumulating means for accumulating an output value of the frequency number circuit in a time division manner and outputting an address corresponding to the key information. The present invention has the following configuration in an electronic musical instrument which reads out data of the waveform data storage device 4 stored in advance by an address corresponding to the key information and generates a desired musical tone by a plurality of musical tone generators. And That is, an address corresponding to the key information is divided into an integer part address and a decimal part address, and the former is referred to as the waveform data storage device 4.
Decimal point position conversion circuit 12 which sends out as a read address to
The decimal point position conversion circuit 12 includes an execution control circuit 3
The number of bits of the address for accessing the waveform data storage device 4 is changed in accordance with the tone generator in accordance with the control signal from the CPU.

[Operation] In the waveform data storage device 4 in FIG. 1, waveform data corresponding to a large number of timbres and tone ranges (pitches) are stored in advance in association with banks. If necessary, waveform data corresponding to a timbre and a tone range (pitch) is stored as a large bank including a plurality of banks. The key information obtained from the execution control circuit 3 is converted into a frequency number in the frequency number circuit 6, and then the frequency number is accumulated by the accumulating means 7 so as to correspond to a desired tone generator. The output is applied to the decimal point position conversion circuit 12 to adjust and convert the read address of the waveform data storage device 4. That is, the adjustment conversion is performed between the case where the banks of the waveform data storage device 4 are individually read and the case where a large number of banks are collectively read as a large bank. This can be done by dividing the address into an integer part address and a decimal part address, transmitting the integer part address as a read address, and changing the number of address bits of the integer part.

In this way, the number of address bits when accessing the waveform data storage device 4 is converted into the required bank size corresponding to the tone generator, so that a large-capacity storage can be performed without increasing the scale of the electronic musical instrument system. As in the case of using the apparatus, the apparatus can be operated so as to obtain a musical tone having a change in tone and the like.

Embodiment FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the block diagram of FIG. 1 in more detail as an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, 12 is a decimal point position conversion circuit, 13 is a state memory, 14 is a frequency number adjuster, 12-1 is a data selector in the decimal point position conversion circuit 12, 12-2 is an inverter in the circuit 12, 14- 1 denotes a data selector in the frequency number adjuster 14, 14-2 denotes an inverter in the adjuster 14, and the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 denote the same parts. A memory having n words (n: the number of tone generators) is used as the frequency number circuit 6 in FIG. 2, and waveforms that use a large amount of space in the waveform data storage device 4 and waveforms that do not use a large amount are used. The frequency number is stored in the tone generator. Also state memory 13
Similarly, a memory having the number of words n (n: the number of tone generators) is set, and the signal FS is set to “H” to designate the large-capacity bank described above.
In the case of a small-capacity bank, the signal FS is designated and set as “L”.

Although the frequency number adjuster 14 will be described in detail later, the frequency number adjuster 14 is formed by a data selector 14-1 and an inverter 14-2.
The signal FS read from 13 is applied. Then, even if the size of the area of one bank of the waveform data storage device 4 is changed, an adjustment is made so that the waveform stored in the waveform data storage device 4 can be read with the same frequency number.

The frequency number accumulating means 7 calculates the number of words n
(N: the number of musical tone generators) is formed by an accumulated value buffer 7-1 and an adder 7-2, and accumulates an address adjusted or not adjusted by the frequency number adjuster 14 to the address after the change. And outputs an integer value as a data read address of the waveform data storage device 4 and a decimal value generated as a fraction of the accumulation result.

Although the decimal point position conversion circuit 12 will be described in detail later, it is formed of a data selector 12-1 and an inverter 12-2. This circuit also reads the state memory 13 and performs the same operation as the signal applied to the frequency number adjuster 14. Of the address of the output of the accumulating means 7 is determined as a decimal point in accordance with the signal FS, and a bank code (TC7 to TC0) is added to a higher order, and a read address for the waveform data storage device 4 is determined. Decide. Data selector
The address is shifted by, for example, 4 bits by the connection of 12-1 to change the read address.

Next, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the data selector 14-1 and the inverter 14-2 of the frequency number adjuster 14 in FIG. The data selector 14-1 shown in FIG. 3A is a multi-terminal logical operation circuit, and applies a signal from the terminal FS to the terminal SA via the inverter 14-2 and to the terminal SB without the intervention. . When FS = "L", the input data of A23-0 is output to Y23-0 as it is. When FS = "H", the input data of B23-0 is output to Y23-0. The relationship between the 1-bit terminal data of A and B and SA and SB is as shown in FIG. 3B. The terminals B23 to B20 are selected by the data selector 14-1.
Is shifted by 4 bits so that it is always at the ground potential. Depending on the condition of FS, the output FA23-0 of the frequency number memory becomes FB23-0 as it is or is reduced to 1/16 and outputted.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the decimal point position conversion circuit 12. The data selector 12-1 shown in FIG. 4 has a configuration similar to the data selector 14-1 shown in FIG. 3, and the same applies to the input of the signal FS. The signals TC7 to TC0 are data read from the bank code memory. In the case of "L" for the same signal FS as in FIG. 3, the inputs of A23-0 are output to T23-0, and when FS = "H", the inputs of B23-0 are output to Y23-0. Therefore, the data TC7-0 read from the bank code memory and the output address of the address accumulating means 7 are set to FS.
Can be selected according to the following conditions. The selection situation is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, TC7-0 indicate bank codes, F
31 to 12 indicate outputs of the address accumulating means 7, and AB23 to 0 indicate outputs of the data selector 12-1. That is, when FS = "L", the decimal point is between F16 and F15, in other words, F1
Each bit of 6 or more means an address integer part. FS =
When it is “H”, the decimal point is between F12 and F11, in other words, each bit of F12 and above means an address integer part. Therefore, when FS = “H”, the frequency accuracy of reading the waveform data is sacrificed to some extent compared to when FS = “L”.

Next, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a bank area in the waveform data storage device 4. In FIG. 6, the hatched portion indicates the bank No. 8 of 64 k words. When the signal FS = “L”, the storage device having the bank 0 to the bank 255 with the area of the unit of 64 k words as one bank,
When "H", an area of 1 M word unit is defined as one bank, and banks 0 to 15 are provided. Therefore, when addressing 256 banks in units of 64 k words, FS = “L”, and when addressing 16 banks in units of 1 M words, FS = “H”. Note that changing the size of the bank and shifting the data by 4 bits is merely one example, and it is possible to change the configuration to another configuration.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is easy to switch between the case where the size of the storage bank for musical tone waveform data is increased and the case where the storage bank is used with the normal size, by setting and executing it. It is possible to obtain an electronic musical instrument that can be used effectively.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing FIG. 1 in more detail as an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram specifically showing a frequency number adjuster, FIG. 5 is a diagram specifically showing a decimal point position conversion circuit, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing selection conditions according to FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a bank area of a waveform data storage device, and FIG. 7 is a conventional electronic musical instrument. 3 is a diagram showing a block configuration of FIG. 3 execution control circuit 4 waveform data storage device 6 frequency number circuit 7 frequency number accumulating means 12 decimal point position conversion circuit

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of tone generators, a plurality of tone selection switches for setting a desired tone having a plurality of keys, and various control signals in accordance with key / tone information obtained by scanning the switches. An execution control circuit for transmitting the tone generator corresponding to each tone generator, a frequency number circuit for storing a frequency number corresponding to the key information in correspondence with each tone generator,
Accumulating means for accumulating an output value of the frequency number circuit in a time-division manner and outputting an address corresponding to the key information, wherein data of a waveform data storage device stored in advance by an address corresponding to the key information is provided. In the electronic musical instrument which generates a desired musical tone by the plurality of musical tone generators, an address corresponding to the key information is divided into an integer part address and a decimal part address, and the former is read out to the waveform data storage device. The decimal point position conversion circuit is controlled by a control signal from the execution control circuit to determine the number of bits of an address for accessing desired data in the waveform data storage device. An electronic musical instrument characterized by conversion corresponding to a tone generator. 2. A memory for storing a frequency number corresponding to key information in association with a tone generator, and a circuit for adjusting output data read from the memory so as to correspond to a change in the area size of a waveform data storage device. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, comprising: