JP2586005B2 - Oil impregnated capacitor - Google Patents
Oil impregnated capacitorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2586005B2 JP2586005B2 JP59010297A JP1029784A JP2586005B2 JP 2586005 B2 JP2586005 B2 JP 2586005B2 JP 59010297 A JP59010297 A JP 59010297A JP 1029784 A JP1029784 A JP 1029784A JP 2586005 B2 JP2586005 B2 JP 2586005B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- oil
- capacitor
- impregnated
- dielectric layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の技術分野〕 本発明は、誘電体層として、絶縁油を含浸させたポリ
プロピレンフィルム(以下、PPフィルム)を用いた油含
浸型コンデンサに関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an oil-impregnated capacitor using a polypropylene film (hereinafter referred to as a PP film) impregnated with insulating oil as a dielectric layer.
近年コンデンサーの誘導体層としてプラスチックフィ
ルムが使用されているが油含浸型コンデンサーにおいて
も例外でなく、特にPPフィルムは電気特性に優れている
ためよく用いられている。In recent years, a plastic film has been used as a dielectric layer of a capacitor. However, an oil-impregnated capacitor is no exception, and a PP film is often used because of its excellent electrical properties.
しかし油含浸型コンデンサーは未含浸コンデンサーと
異なり絶縁油の含浸性とフィルムの適合等の問題から一
般的には粗面化されたフィルムが用いられている。However, unlike an unimpregnated capacitor, an oil-impregnated capacitor generally uses a roughened film due to problems such as impregnation of insulating oil and compatibility of the film.
しかし従来のコンデンサーでは油含浸性を高めればフ
ィルムの膨潤も大きくなり、厚み増加によるフィルム層
間の油の流動性がさまたげられ電界の集中による絶縁劣
化が生じやすくコンデンサーの寿命を大巾に低下させる
欠点を有していた。However, in conventional capacitors, increasing the oil impregnating property increases the swelling of the film, hinders the fluidity of the oil between the film layers due to the increase in thickness, and tends to cause insulation deterioration due to the concentration of electric field, which significantly reduces the life of the capacitor. Had.
本発明者らはかかる点に鑑み鋭意検討した結果、層間
油層を十分確保し、かつ、コンデンサー寿命の優れた誘
電体層を有する油含浸型コンデンサーを提供せんとする
ものである。The inventors of the present invention have made intensive studies in view of the above points, and as a result, have sought to provide an oil-impregnated capacitor having a dielectric layer having a sufficient inter-layer oil layer and excellent capacitor life.
本発明は、上記目的を達成するため次の構成、すなわ
ち、電極、誘電体層および絶縁油を具備した油含浸型コ
ンデンサーにおいて、誘導体層の全部あるいは一部にア
イソタクチックが96重量%以上、結晶サイズが150Å以
下よりなる二軸延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムを用い、か
つ該フィルムはフィルム内油量が5×10-2〜20×10-2g/
cm3であることを特徴とする油含浸型コンデンサーであ
る。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an oil-impregnated capacitor provided with the following structure: an electrode, a dielectric layer, and an insulating oil, wherein all or a part of the derivative layer contains 96% by weight or more of isotactic. A biaxially oriented polypropylene film having a crystal size of 150 ° or less is used, and the film has an oil amount in the film of 5 × 10 −2 to 20 × 10 −2 g /
cm 3 is an oil-impregnated condenser characterized by having a diameter of 3 cm 3 .
本発明において、二軸延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムと
は、ポリプロピレンの延伸フィルムで、アイソタクチッ
ク度(以後IIと略記する)は96重量%以上、好ましくは
98〜99.6重量%でなければならない。96重量%未満であ
れば絶縁油に対する溶出の増加やフィルムの膨潤により
耐圧の低下が激しくなりコンデンサーの寿命が大巾に低
下する。該フィルムの厚み増加率は10%以下が好まし
い。また、このフィルムの結晶サイズとしては150Å以
下、好ましくは145Å以下である。150Åを越えると、フ
ィルム内の非晶部のセグメント密度の低下や分子鎖長さ
が短くなり絶縁耐圧の低下につながり寿命が短くなる。
なお、フィルムの表面は粗面化されたものであってもよ
い絶縁油のフィルム内油量は5×10-2〜20×10-2g/cm3
で、好ましくは7×10-2〜15×10-2g/cm3である。油量
が5×10-2g/cm3未満であれば誘導体層であるフィルム
中のミクロボイドに未含浸部分が生じやすくなり、部分
放電などによる劣化が進み延いては絶縁破壊にいたる。
一方20×10-2g/cm3を越えると、結晶の構造変化により
絶縁耐力が低下する。In the present invention, the biaxially stretched polypropylene film is a stretched polypropylene film, and has a degree of isotacticity (hereinafter abbreviated as II) of 96% by weight or more, preferably
Must be 98-99.6% by weight. If the content is less than 96% by weight, the pressure resistance is drastically reduced due to an increase in elution to insulating oil and swelling of the film, and the life of the capacitor is greatly reduced. The rate of increase in the thickness of the film is preferably 10% or less. The crystal size of this film is 150 ° or less, preferably 145 ° or less. If it exceeds 150 °, the segment density of the amorphous portion in the film is reduced, and the molecular chain length is shortened, so that the dielectric strength is reduced and the life is shortened.
The surface of the film may have a roughened surface. The amount of insulating oil in the film is 5 × 10 -2 to 20 × 10 -2 g / cm 3.
And preferably 7 × 10 −2 to 15 × 10 −2 g / cm 3 . If the amount of oil is less than 5 × 10 −2 g / cm 3 , unimpregnated portions are apt to be formed in the microvoids in the film as the derivative layer, and degradation due to partial discharge or the like progresses and leads to dielectric breakdown.
On the other hand, if it exceeds 20 × 10 -2 g / cm 3 , the dielectric strength decreases due to a change in crystal structure.
なお、本発明のフィルムには、本発明の特性を損わな
い程度の他の成分が含有されていてもよい。The film of the present invention may contain other components that do not impair the properties of the present invention.
本発明における電極、絶縁油は、コンデンサーとして
周知のものであればよく、特に限定されるものではな
い。また、誘電体層は、上記フィルムで形成されている
のが好ましいが、上記フィルムに他のフィルム等が積層
されていてもよい。The electrode and insulating oil in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are known as a capacitor. Further, the dielectric layer is preferably formed of the above film, but another film or the like may be laminated on the above film.
次に本発明の油含浸型コンデンサーの製造方法の一例
について説明する。ただし、これに限定されるものでは
ない。まずIIが95.6〜99.6重量%なるポリプロピレンを
240〜270℃に加熱された押出機を用いてTダイより溶融
されたポリマーを400〜800μ相当のシート状に押出し、
30〜75℃のチルロールに3〜8秒間接触させて溶融シー
トを冷却後、100〜120℃に加熱されたロールで6〜12秒
間再加熱を行なった後145〜155℃の温度で長さ方向に4.
0〜5.3倍の延伸を行なって後直角方向に155〜165℃の温
度で7.0〜11.0倍延伸により2軸延伸フィルムとする。Next, an example of the method for producing the oil-impregnated capacitor of the present invention will be described. However, it is not limited to this. First, polypropylene with II of 95.6-99.6% by weight
Using a extruder heated to 240-270 ° C, extrude the polymer melted from the T-die into a sheet equivalent to 400-800μ,
After cooling the molten sheet by contacting it with a chill roll of 30 to 75 ° C for 3 to 8 seconds, re-heat it with a roll heated to 100 to 120 ° C for 6 to 12 seconds, and then lengthwise at a temperature of 145 to 155 ° C. To 4.
The film is stretched from 0 to 5.3 times, and then stretched in a direction perpendicular to the film at a temperature of 155 to 165 ° C at a temperature of from 7 to 11.0 times to obtain a biaxially stretched film.
以上のようにして形成されたフィルムを金属を蒸着し
て周知の金属化フィルムとし、これを2枚重ねて巻回、
または上記フィルムに金属箔を重ねて巻回し、コンデン
サーを形成する。The film formed as described above is vapor-deposited with a metal to form a well-known metallized film.
Alternatively, a metal foil is overlaid on the above film and wound to form a capacitor.
次いで、容器に上記のコンデンサーを入れて減圧室中
で周知の絶縁油、好ましくはモノイソプロピルビフェニ
ールまたはジアリルアルカンを入れることにより本発明
のコンデンサーを得ることができる。Then, the condenser of the present invention can be obtained by putting the above-mentioned condenser in a container and putting a well-known insulating oil, preferably monoisopropyl biphenyl or diallyl alkane, in a vacuum chamber.
本発明のコンデンサーは上述したように、IIが96重量
%以上のポリプロピレンで、かつ結晶サイズが150Å以
下、給油量が5×10-2〜20×10-2g/cm3のフィルムを誘
電体層としたので次のごとき優れた効果を得る事ができ
たものである。As described above, the capacitor of the present invention uses a film of polypropylene having II of 96% by weight or more, a crystal size of 150 ° or less, and a lubrication amount of 5 × 10 -2 to 20 × 10 -2 g / cm 3 as a dielectric. Since the layers were formed, the following excellent effects could be obtained.
すなわち従来品に比べ耐圧の向上により促進テストで
の耐寿命特性で約20%の向上が期待できる。なお、本発
明の効果は次の基準により評価したものである。In other words, an improvement of about 20% in the durability characteristic in the accelerated test can be expected due to the improvement of the withstand voltage as compared with the conventional product. The effects of the present invention were evaluated based on the following criteria.
寿命特性は巾100mmで厚み15μのフィルムを3枚重ね
て巾80mmで厚み8μのAl箔を電極とし0.2μFのコンデ
ンサーを作製し、3.0KVのAC(電位傾度45V/μの1.5倍の
印加電圧)を80℃の高温下で400時間課電後、直流電圧
でコンデンサーの破壊テストを行ない、コンデンサーの
破壊状況により下表からライフ指数を求めた。なお、ラ
イフ指数とは、6素子のコンデンサー破壊テストを行な
い、1素子毎に下表から指数を求めその6素子分の指数
の総和をいう。DC破壊電圧はAC課電時における構造の劣
化程度を表わす。The life characteristics are as follows. Three films of 100mm width and 15μ thickness are stacked on top of each other to make a 0.2μF capacitor using 80mm width and 8μ thickness Al foil as electrodes, and a 3.0KV AC (applied voltage 1.5 times the potential gradient 45V / μ) ) Was applied at a high temperature of 80 ° C. for 400 hours, and then a capacitor breakdown test was performed with a DC voltage, and the life index was determined from the following table according to the capacitor breakdown state. The life index refers to the sum of the indices for the six elements obtained by performing a capacitor breakdown test on six elements, obtaining an index from the table below for each element. DC breakdown voltage indicates the degree of deterioration of the structure during AC power application.
(1)フィルム内油量の測定 A.標準サンプルの作成 (a)フィルムを10cm×30cmの大きさに切取る。 (1) Measurement of oil content in film A. Preparation of standard sample (a) Cut a film into a size of 10 cm × 30 cm.
(b)イオンガン(Zerastal英国製)でフィルムの静電
気を十分に除去した後10-4gまで読み取れる天秤で重量
を測定する。(B) After sufficiently removing the static electricity from the film with an ion gun (manufactured by Zerastal UK), the weight is measured with a balance that can read up to 10 -4 g.
(c)加熱した絶縁油(ジアリルアルカン、“日石オイ
ルS")で80℃〜100℃にフィルムを浸漬し含浸油量が異
なる様に時間を変えて取り出す。(C) The film is immersed in a heated insulating oil (diallyl alkane, "Nisseki Oil S") at 80 ° C to 100 ° C and taken out at different times so that the amount of impregnated oil is different.
(d)十條キンバリー(株)のキムワイプ(TYPES200)
でフィルム表面の油を完全に拭き取る通常表面を5回拭
く。(D) Kimwipe (TYPES200) of Jujo Kimberly Co., Ltd.
Wipe off the oil on the surface of the film completely with a normal wipe 5 times.
(e)(b)項と同様にて精秤する。(E) Weigh precisely as in (b).
B.キャリブレーションの作成 上記(e)項のサンプルでもって日立回析格子赤外分
光光度計(株式会社日立製作所製EP−1−G3型)を用
い、チャート速度FAST−2で波長700cm1に出るピークを
用いる。その時の測定としては750cm-1〜650cm-1をスキ
ャン(Scan)させる。サンプルの大きさは巾4cm×長さ7
cmとした。B. Preparation of calibration Using the sample of item (e) above, a Hitachi diffraction grating infrared spectrophotometer (EP-1-G3 type, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) was used to increase the chart speed to 700 cm 1 at a chart speed of FAST-2. Use the outgoing peak. Let the scan (Scan) to 750cm -1 ~650cm -1 as measured at that time. Sample size is 4cm wide x 7 long
cm.
C.面積測定 波形処理は、第1図〜第3図に示した通りに波形Wに
ベースラインMを引く。次に、波形の頂点Pから垂線を
引きベースラインMとの交点をQとする。また、P、Q
間の中点でかつ頂点Pからの垂線に直交する線Nを引
き、線Nと波形Wとの交点をそれぞれR、Sとする。C. Area Measurement In the waveform processing, a baseline M is drawn on the waveform W as shown in FIGS. Next, a perpendicular line is drawn from the vertex P of the waveform, and the intersection with the baseline M is defined as Q. Also, P, Q
A line N that is a middle point between the two and is perpendicular to a perpendicular line from the vertex P is drawn, and intersections of the line N and the waveform W are denoted by R and S, respectively.
上記の波形処理においてP、Q間をピーク(Peak)高
さaとし、また、R、S間を半価巾bとする。なお、半
価巾bは約50倍のスコープを用いて測定し10μmまで読
み取る。In the above-described waveform processing, a peak (Peak) height a is set between P and Q, and a half width b is set between R and S. The half width b is measured using a scope of about 50 times and read to 10 μm.
ピーク面積はa×bmm2で表わす。キャリブレーション
ラインはピーク面積に対し単位油量(g/cm2)をプロッ
トする。The peak area is represented by a × bmm 2 . The calibration line plots the unit oil amount (g / cm 2 ) against the peak area.
D.油量の定量 Al箔巻で用いたコンデンサー中のフィルムを取り出し
上記と同条件でピーク面積を求め、検量線より油量(g/
cm2)を測定する。用いたフィルムの厚みをTESA Tronic
製TTD−20(スイス製)を用いて小数点1位までの厚み
を求めて、フィルム厚みで割ることによりフィルム内油
量(g/cm3)と定義した。D. Determination of oil amount Take out the film in the condenser used for the aluminum foil winding, determine the peak area under the same conditions as above, and calculate the oil amount (g / g) from the calibration curve.
cm 2) is measured. TESA Tronic
The thickness to the first decimal place was determined using TTD-20 (manufactured by Switzerland) and divided by the film thickness to define the amount of oil in the film (g / cm 3 ).
(2)厚み増加率の測定 TESA Tronic製のTTD−20を用いて油浸前後のフィルム
厚みを同一サンプルでn数10ケ所の厚みを測定後、平均
厚みを用いて次式にて求めた。(2) Measurement of Thickness Increase Rate The film thickness before and after oil immersion was measured using the same sample using TTD-20 manufactured by TESA Tronic.
厚み増加率(%)=〔(B−A)/A〕×100 A:油浸前のフィルム厚み B:油浸後のフィルム厚み 油含浸処理は80℃−24時間PXE浸漬である。Thickness increase rate (%) = [(BA) / A] x 100 A: Film thickness before oil immersion B: Film thickness after oil immersion Oil impregnation treatment is PXE immersion at 80 ° C for 24 hours.
(3)結晶サイズの測定 広角エックス線回析(反射法)で印加電圧35KV−15M
A.Scan Speed 1゜/min Time CONST 2SeC FS 8000cps SL
iT系DS.SS1゜RS0.3mmフィルターはニッケルを用いて上
記条件で測定後次式にて求め(110)面の測定値を結晶
サイズと定義した。(3) Measurement of crystal size Applied voltage 35KV-15M by wide angle X-ray diffraction (reflection method)
A.Scan Speed 1 ゜ / min Time CONST 2SeC FS 8000cps SL
The iT DS.SS1 ゜ RS0.3 mm filter was measured using nickel under the above conditions, and was determined by the following equation, and the measured value of the (110) plane was defined as the crystal size.
結晶サイズ(Å)=(K・λ)/(β・cosθ) K:シェラー常数、ここではK=1とした λ:1.5418 β:半価巾 θ:ピーク角度 〔実施例〕 次に実施例に基づいて本発明の詳細を説明する。Crystal size (Å) = (K · λ) / (β · cos θ) K: Scherrer constant, where K = 1 here λ: 1.5418 β: Half width θ: Peak angle [Example] The details of the present invention will be described based on this.
実施例1 押出温度250℃で巾600mm間隔1.2mmのTダイより表1
のIIの異なった原料を押出し溶融後35℃に冷却されたス
チロールに3秒接触後120℃に加熱された金属ロールで1
0秒間加熱後、153℃の温度と赤外線ヒータ(10KW)で長
さ方向に5.0倍の延伸を行なった後、直角方向に160℃の
延伸温度で8.5倍延伸して得られた二軸延伸フィルムを
3枚重ねて誘電体層とし、電極として8μ厚みのAl箔で
0.2μFのコンデンサーを製作しジアリルアルカンなる
絶縁油を80℃で10時間含浸後80℃で65時間熱処理を行な
い誘電体層のフィルムに絶縁油を含浸させた油浸コンデ
ンサーとした。そのコンデンサーを用いて80℃で3.0KV
のACを400時間課電しコンデンサーの寿命比較を行なっ
た。その結果を表1に示したとおりII96.5%以上、結晶
サイズ150Å以下によって厚み増加率が10%以下とな
り、また耐圧の向上効果があり明らかにコンデンサーの
寿命の優れていることがわかる。Example 1 Table 1 from a T-die with an extrusion temperature of 250 ° C and a width of 600 mm and an interval of 1.2 mm.
Extruded and melted different raw materials of II, contacted with styrene cooled to 35 ° C for 3 seconds, and then pressed with a metal roll heated to 120 ° C.
After heating for 0 seconds, the film is stretched 5.0 times in the length direction with a temperature of 153 ° C and an infrared heater (10KW), and then stretched 8.5 times in a perpendicular direction at a temperature of 160 ° C to obtain a biaxially stretched film. Are stacked on each other to form a dielectric layer, and an electrode is made of 8 μm thick Al foil.
A 0.2 μF capacitor was manufactured and impregnated with insulating oil such as diallyl alkane for 10 hours at 80 ° C. and then heat-treated at 80 ° C. for 65 hours to obtain an oil immersion capacitor in which the dielectric layer film was impregnated with insulating oil. 3.0KV at 80 ℃ using the capacitor
AC was applied for 400 hours to compare the life of the capacitors. As shown in Table 1, the thickness increase rate was 10% or less when II was 96.5% or more and the crystal size was 150 ° or less, and the withstand voltage was improved.
実施例2 フィルムおよびコンデンサーは実施例1と同様の方法
によって作られたもので絶縁油を80℃、10時間で含浸後
70〜105℃で時間を24〜65時間の組合せによって得られ
たコンデンサーの誘電体層の吸油量と寿命特性の関係を
調査した結果を表2に示した様に明らかにフィルム内の
油量がコンデンサーの寿命を大きく左右することがわか
る。 Example 2 A film and a capacitor were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and were impregnated with insulating oil at 80 ° C. for 10 hours.
Investigation of the relationship between the oil absorption of the dielectric layer and the life characteristics of the capacitor obtained by combining the time at 70 to 105 ° C for 24 to 65 hours clearly showed that the oil amount in the film was as shown in Table 2. It can be seen that the life of the condenser is greatly affected.
第1図〜第3図は、この発明にかかるフィルム内油量測
定における波形処理方法の例を示す図である。1 to 3 are diagrams showing an example of a waveform processing method in measuring the amount of oil in a film according to the present invention.
Claims (1)
含浸型コンデンサーにおいて、誘電体層の全部あるいは
一部に、アイソタクチック度が96重量%以上、結晶サイ
ズが150Å以下よりなる二軸延伸ポリプロピレンフィル
ムを用い、かつ該フィルムはフィルム内油量が5×10-2
〜20×10-2g/cm3であることを特徴とする油含浸型コン
デンサー。1. An oil-impregnated capacitor comprising an electrode, a dielectric layer and an insulating oil, wherein all or part of the dielectric layer has an isotacticity of 96% by weight or more and a crystal size of 150 ° or less. An axially stretched polypropylene film is used, and the film has an oil content of 5 × 10 -2.
An oil-impregnated condenser characterized by having a weight of ~ 20 × 10 -2 g / cm 3 .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59010297A JP2586005B2 (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | Oil impregnated capacitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59010297A JP2586005B2 (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | Oil impregnated capacitor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60154608A JPS60154608A (en) | 1985-08-14 |
JP2586005B2 true JP2586005B2 (en) | 1997-02-26 |
Family
ID=11746334
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59010297A Expired - Fee Related JP2586005B2 (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | Oil impregnated capacitor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2586005B2 (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-01-25 JP JP59010297A patent/JP2586005B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS60154608A (en) | 1985-08-14 |
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