JP2585002B2 - Voltage application device for transdermal drug administration - Google Patents
Voltage application device for transdermal drug administrationInfo
- Publication number
- JP2585002B2 JP2585002B2 JP62165991A JP16599187A JP2585002B2 JP 2585002 B2 JP2585002 B2 JP 2585002B2 JP 62165991 A JP62165991 A JP 62165991A JP 16599187 A JP16599187 A JP 16599187A JP 2585002 B2 JP2585002 B2 JP 2585002B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- skin
- transdermal drug
- drug administration
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、たとえばイオントフォレーゼ療法において
その十分な薬物投与効果を発揮させるなどのために、皮
膚の電気抵抗を低下させて経皮薬物投与を行なうための
電圧印加装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to transdermal drug administration by reducing the electrical resistance of the skin, for example, in order to exert its sufficient drug administration effect in iontophoresis therapy. The present invention relates to a voltage application device for performing the following.
皮膚は第２図の皮膚等価回路図に示すように、オーム
抵抗R1と、分極抵抗R2及び分極容量C1からなる分極イン
ピーダンスとを有している。しかしながら、抵抗R1、R2
は極めて高抵抗であるため、抵抗R1、R2を電流路とし所
望の電流を流したい場合、たとえば経皮薬物投与法であ
るイオントフォレーゼ療法の際には特に皮膚の電気抵抗
を低下させる必要がある。Skin has shown the skin equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 2, the ohmic resistance R 1, and a polarization impedance consisting of the polarization resistance R 2 and polarization capacity C 1. However, the resistors R 1 , R 2
Is an extremely high resistance, so if the resistance R 1 , R 2 is used as a current path and it is desired to flow a desired current, for example, in the case of iontophoresis therapy which is a transdermal drug administration method, the electric resistance of the skin is particularly reduced. There is a need.
イオントフォレーゼ法は、直流電流による電気治療
で、イオン化した分子による極性効果を利用して、薬物
を皮膚中に浸透させる方法である。このイオントフォレ
ーゼでは、たとえば持続平流などの通常のイオントフォ
レーゼにおいては、前記高抵抗のため、治療に必要な量
の薬物を投与する時に、十分な薬物透過量を得るべく高
電圧を皮膚に印加すると、急激な電流増加のために皮膚
に対する刺激が強く、火傷、発赤などを引き起こす恐れ
がある。また、逆に皮膚の損傷防止のために低電圧で行
うと、充分な薬物透過効果が得られなくなる。これらの
刺激を避けるためには通常高周波が用いられている。た
とえば特開昭61−31169号公報では、高周波数のパルス
波を用い、さらに休止期間中に脱分極を行う回路を提示
している。また特公昭60−34396号公報では、パルス波
のデューティ巾が2:1〜7:1の時に皮膚刺激が少ないとし
ている。ところが、高周波数のパルス波を用いても高電
圧の場合には皮膚障害を起こすことがあり、しかも薬物
透過量が少ないという欠点を有する。The iontophoresis method is a method in which a drug is penetrated into the skin by using a polar effect of ionized molecules by electrotherapy using a direct current. In this iontophoresis, for example, in normal iontophoresis such as continuous flat flow, the high resistance causes a high voltage to be applied to the skin in order to obtain a sufficient amount of drug permeation when administering an amount of drug required for treatment. When applied, the current is sharply increased due to a sudden increase in current, which may cause burns, redness, and the like. Conversely, if the treatment is performed at a low voltage to prevent skin damage, a sufficient drug permeation effect cannot be obtained. High frequencies are usually used to avoid these stimuli. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-31169 discloses a circuit that uses a high-frequency pulse wave and performs depolarization during a rest period. Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 60-34396 states that skin irritation is small when the pulse wave duty width is 2: 1 to 7: 1. However, even when a high-frequency pulse wave is used, skin damage may occur at a high voltage, and there is a disadvantage that the amount of drug permeation is small.
従って本発明の目的は、皮膚に所望の電流を流したい
場合に、特に経皮薬物投与法のイオントフォレーゼにお
いて、皮膚障害を生起させずに薬物透過量を増加させる
べく、皮膚の電気抵抗を低下させて経皮薬物投与を行な
うための電圧印加装置を提供することにある。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to increase the amount of drug permeation without causing skin damage, particularly in iontophoresis of a transdermal drug administration method, in order to allow a desired current to flow through the skin. An object of the present invention is to provide a voltage application device for performing transdermal drug administration at a reduced level.
本発明者らは、皮膚の電気特性を測定した結果、或る
一定レベル以上の電圧を印加すると皮膚の障壁が取り除
かれてインピーダンスが急激に低下することを見出し
た。またインピーダンス低下後は、一定の低電圧で擬似
的定電流が皮膚に流れることを見出した。この低電圧か
ら生じた擬似定電流は皮膚特有のものである。The present inventors have measured the electrical characteristics of the skin, and have found that when a voltage of a certain level or more is applied, the barrier of the skin is removed and the impedance sharply decreases. In addition, after the impedance was lowered, it was found that a pseudo constant current flows through the skin at a constant low voltage. The pseudo constant current generated from this low voltage is specific to the skin.
本発明はかかる知見のもとになされたもので、皮膚に
対して５〜20Vの電圧を１〜60秒間印加することによ
り、皮膚の電気抵抗を低下させて経皮薬物投与を行なう
ための電圧印加装置に関する。The present invention has been made based on such knowledge, and by applying a voltage of 5 to 20 V to the skin for 1 to 60 seconds, a voltage for performing transdermal drug administration by reducing the electrical resistance of the skin. It relates to an application device.
しかして皮膚に対して印加する電圧は５〜20Vである
が、実際には電流が1mA/cm2になった時点で電圧を下げ
るのが好ましい。これはヒトの皮膚に対しては1mA/cm2
以上の電流を長時間流すと、火傷や赤化などを起こす恐
れがあるからである。従って火傷などの皮膚障害を起こ
さずに皮膚の電気抵抗を低下させるのに好ましい電圧は
７〜12Vで、印加時間は３〜10秒間、特に好ましくは10V
で、５秒である。このように印加電圧、印加時間を適当
に設定することにより、皮膚と電極との接触を良くす
る、皮膚に電気の通路を形成する、角質を水和する、電
極と皮膚の水の豊富な層（真皮層）との間を短絡させる
などの理由に基づいて、皮膚の電気抵抗を低下させるこ
とができると推定される。Although the voltage applied to the skin is 5 to 20 V, it is preferable to actually lower the voltage when the current reaches 1 mA / cm 2 . This is 1 mA / cm 2 for human skin
This is because, when the above current is passed for a long time, there is a risk of causing burns and redness. Therefore, the preferred voltage for reducing the electrical resistance of the skin without causing skin damage such as burns is 7 to 12 V, and the application time is 3 to 10 seconds, particularly preferably 10 V
And 5 seconds. By appropriately setting the applied voltage and the application time in this way, the contact between the skin and the electrodes is improved, the passage of electricity is formed in the skin, the keratin is hydrated, and the water-rich layer of the electrodes and the skin is formed. It is presumed that the electrical resistance of the skin can be reduced based on reasons such as short-circuiting with the (dermis layer).
電圧電源、印加電圧を測るための電圧計、前述した如
く電流が1mA/cm2以上になると皮膚刺激が強すぎて好ま
しくないのでそれを監視するためのミリ電流計、電圧印
加時間を測るためのタイマー機構などは一般のものでよ
く特に制限はなく、これら各装置を使用して常套手段で
上記所定の印加電圧及び印加時間に基づいて行えばよ
い。Voltage source, a voltmeter for measuring the applied voltage, milli ammeter to monitor it so current as described above is 1 mA / cm 2 or more comprising the skin irritation is not preferable too strong, for measuring the voltage application time The timer mechanism or the like may be a general one and is not particularly limited. The timer mechanism and the like may be performed based on the above-mentioned predetermined applied voltage and application time by a conventional means using these devices.
ここで参考までにイオントフォレーゼ療法に本発明の
装置を適用する場合を簡潔に述べる。イオントフォレー
ゼでは効果的な薬物透過量を得るには定電流を皮膚に流
す必要があり、定電流を得るには、最初に本発明の方法
により皮膚の電気抵抗を低下させた後、降圧して通電電
圧として０〜5V、好ましくは２〜3Vを印加することによ
り、0.1〜1mA/cm2の擬似定電流をイオントフォレーゼの
電極に流すことができる。このような低電圧であっても
皮膚の電気抵抗が低下しているので皮膚に定電流を流す
ことができる。なおイオントフォレーゼの場合には、電
圧電源として定電圧装置を用いるのが好ましい。Here, the case where the device of the present invention is applied to iontophoresis therapy will be briefly described for reference. In iontophoresis, it is necessary to apply a constant current to the skin in order to obtain an effective drug permeation amount.In order to obtain a constant current, the electrical resistance of the skin is first reduced by the method of the present invention, and then the pressure is reduced. By applying a current of 0 to 5 V, preferably 2 to 3 V, a pseudo-constant current of 0.1 to 1 mA / cm 2 can flow through the electrode of the iontophoresis. Even at such a low voltage, a constant current can flow through the skin because the electrical resistance of the skin is reduced. In the case of iontophoresis, it is preferable to use a constant voltage device as a voltage power supply.
以下に、本発明の経皮薬物投与用の電圧印加装置を実
施例及び実験例によってより明確にする。Hereinafter, the voltage application device for transdermal drug administration of the present invention will be more clearly described with reference to examples and experimental examples.
実施例１・比較例１・実験例１ 実験には皮膚の電気抵抗を特に低下させる必要がある
場合としてイオントフォレーゼ療法を実施例として採用
した。Example 1 / Comparative Example 1 / Experimental Example 1 In the experiment, iontophoresis therapy was employed as an example in a case where it was necessary to particularly reduce the electrical resistance of the skin.
被験者として33歳の男性の右腕上部に、３×3cmの電
極パッドに生理食塩水を含浸させたものを3cm間隔で２
枚貼着し、定電圧電源を使用して実験を行った。その時
の皮膚に対する電圧印加時間と皮膚に流れる電流とを測
定した結果を第１図のグラフに示した。なお、実施例１
及び比較例１の印加電圧条件は次の通りである。A 3 × 3 cm electrode pad impregnated with physiological saline was placed on the upper right arm of a 33-year-old man at 3 cm intervals as subjects.
An experiment was performed using a constant voltage power supply. The results of measuring the voltage application time to the skin and the current flowing through the skin at that time are shown in the graph of FIG. Example 1
The applied voltage conditions of Comparative Example 1 are as follows.
実施例1:最初の４秒間は10V、その後は3V 比較例1:3Vのみ 〔発明の効果〕 以上説明した如く本発明の経皮薬物投与用の電圧印加
装置によれば、５〜20Vの電圧を１〜60秒間皮膚に印加
することにより、皮膚の電気抵抗を低下させることがで
き、特にイオントフォレーゼ療法の適用時に本発明の装
置を採用すれば、皮膚に対して損傷や刺激を与えること
なく薬物透過量を増加でき、加えて定電圧装置によって
も低電圧で定電流を流すことができ、イオントフォレー
ゼ療法の適用範囲を拡大するのに有用であるばかりでな
く、その他の非常に広範囲な応用が可能である。Example 1: 10V for the first 4 seconds, then 3V Comparative Example 1: Only 3V [Effect of the Invention] According to the voltage applying device for transdermal drug administration of the present invention as described above, the voltage of 5 to 20V Can be applied to the skin for 1 to 60 seconds to reduce the electrical resistance of the skin, and especially when the device of the present invention is employed when applying iontophoresis therapy, it can damage or irritate the skin In addition to increasing the amount of drug permeation, the constant voltage device can also supply a constant current at a low voltage, which is useful not only for expanding the application range of iontophoresis therapy, but also for other very wide ranges. Application is possible.
第１図は本発明の経皮薬物投与用の電圧印加装置を説明
するための実験結果の皮膚に対する電圧印加時間と皮膚
に流れる電流との関係を示すグラフ、第２図はヒトの皮
膚の性質を説明するための皮膚等価回路図である。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage application time to the skin and the current flowing through the skin as an experimental result for explaining the voltage application device for transdermal drug administration of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is the properties of human skin. FIG. 4 is a skin equivalent circuit diagram for explaining the following.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 坂川 光男 大阪府茨木市下穂積１丁目１番２号 日 東電気工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 伊藤 嘉章 大阪府茨木市下穂積１丁目１番２号 日 東電気工業株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Mitsuo Sakakawa, 1-2-1, Shimohozumi, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka Nichidenki Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshiaki Ito 1-1-1, Shimohozumi, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan No. 2 Nitto Electric Industry Co., Ltd.
Claims (5)
方法に用いられる装置であって、皮膚に両電極として配
置し得る電極と、前記両電極間に５〜20Vの電圧を印加
し得る電圧電源と、電圧が印加される時間を１〜60秒間
に限定し得るタイマー装置とを有し、皮膚に対して５〜
20Vの電圧を１〜60秒間印加し得るものであることを特
徴とする経皮薬物投与用の電圧印加装置。An apparatus used in a method of applying a voltage to the skin to administer a transdermal drug, comprising: an electrode that can be arranged as both electrodes on the skin; and a voltage of 5 to 20 V applied between the electrodes. It has a voltage power supply and a timer device that can limit the time during which the voltage is applied to 1 to 60 seconds.
A voltage application device for transdermal drug administration, which is capable of applying a voltage of 20 V for 1 to 60 seconds.
る特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の装置。2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is an electrode pad that can be attached to the skin.
って、電圧が印加される時間が３〜10秒間である特許請
求の範囲第（１）項記載の装置。3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the voltage applied between both electrodes is 7 to 12 V, and the voltage is applied for 3 to 10 seconds.
1mA/cm2未満となるよう両電極間に印加される電圧を制
御し得るものである特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の装
置。4. A voltage power supply, wherein the value of a current flowing between both electrodes is
The device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage applied between both electrodes can be controlled so as to be less than 1 mA / cm 2 .
方法が、イオントフォレーゼ法である特許請求の範囲第
（１）項記載の装置。5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the method of applying a voltage to the skin to administer a transdermal drug is an iontophoresis method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62165991A JP2585002B2 (en) | 1987-07-02 | 1987-07-02 | Voltage application device for transdermal drug administration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62165991A JP2585002B2 (en) | 1987-07-02 | 1987-07-02 | Voltage application device for transdermal drug administration |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6411564A JPS6411564A (en) | 1989-01-17 |
| JP2585002B2 true JP2585002B2 (en) | 1997-02-26 |
Family
ID=15822838
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62165991A Expired - Lifetime JP2585002B2 (en) | 1987-07-02 | 1987-07-02 | Voltage application device for transdermal drug administration |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2585002B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5700481A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1997-12-23 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Transdermal drug delivery process |
| US5983131A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1999-11-09 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Apparatus and method for electroporation of tissue |
| US5911223A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1999-06-15 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Introduction of modifying agents into skin by electroporation |
| US6085115A (en) * | 1997-05-22 | 2000-07-04 | Massachusetts Institite Of Technology | Biopotential measurement including electroporation of tissue surface |
| CA2269050A1 (en) | 1998-04-14 | 1999-10-14 | Shigeo Yanai | Method for transdermal administration of gp iib/iiia antagonist |
| CN108553749A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-21 | 咸阳张森医疗仪器有限公司 | A kind of iontophoresis therapeutic instrument for vaginitis |
-
1987
- 1987-07-02 JP JP62165991A patent/JP2585002B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6411564A (en) | 1989-01-17 |
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