JP2584950B2 - Base material for easy disposal - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a substrate for easy disposal. More specifically, the present invention provides a container or the like which can store water or a liquid containing water while one side shows impermeability to water and the other side shows solubility or dispersibility in water. The present invention relates to a base material for easy disposal treatment that can be dissolved or dispersed in water as a whole at the time of treatment and can be dumped in a flush toilet and a container made of the base material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, a polymer material having both water solubility and water resistance has been proposed which is used as a substrate for waste treatment. That is, for example,
JP-A-113556 discloses a composition comprising a partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, a plasticizer and a metal borate, which is insoluble in a small amount of water and soluble in a large amount of water. However, in practice, a bag-shaped or container-shaped workpiece made of the composition does not have sufficient water resistance to store water and a liquid containing a large amount of water. That is, it is very difficult to store a large amount of water or body fluid.

[0003] Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-500037 discloses that a modified hydroxypropylcellulose, which is soluble in water at about 16 ° C. or lower but is insoluble in water at 16 ° C. or higher, is discarded in a toilet. A possible toilet bowl is disclosed. However, there is a drawback that the water temperature of the toilet varies depending on the season and is particularly 16 ° C. or higher in summer, so that it is not possible to actually flush the toilet.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-122527 discloses a bag for human excrement and the like containing a 3-hydroxybutyrate polymer and a basic substance, which can be discarded in a toilet after use. , In this case,
Since it is necessary to raise the pH to 12 or more, it will adversely affect the microorganism treatment tank in the toilet. And
JP-A-63-181758 describes a colostomy pouch that can be dumped in running water. In this case,
Since one layer of the laminate is composed of warm water-soluble and water-resistant tissue paper, it does not dissolve or disperse in toilet water and may adversely affect the function of the toilet.

[0005]

As described above, various types of base materials for water treatment and the like having both water solubility and water resistance have been proposed. Excrement such as feces and urine from
On the other hand, there is no material for easy treatment that dissolves or disperses in a sewage treatment tank when discarded in a toilet or the like, and the fact is that it has not been commercialized.

Accordingly, the present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, in which the inner surface of the container is water-resistant for a long time and retains excrement such as feces and urine from the human body.
An object of the present invention is to provide a base material for easy disposal and a container composed of the base material, which is easily dissolved or dispersed in water when discarded in a toilet or the like after use.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a film made of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol on one side of vinyl acetate / vinyl chloride / vinyl chloride.
A waste treatment substrate in which a copolymer of three components of methyl methacrylate is laminated, wherein the laminated surface side is impermeable to water and the other surface side is dissolved or dispersed when the other surface is in contact with water. A base material for easy disposal that can be dumped into a flush toilet and a container constituted by the base material are provided.

In other words, the present invention provides a method for laminating a copolymer of three components, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and methyl methacrylate, on one side of a film made of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol. When the film comes into contact with water from the other side, the whole film dissolves or disperses, and a container made of this film stores excrement such as feces and urine. It has been completed based on the new finding that excrement can be dumped in toilets.

More specifically, first, polyvinyl alcohol means polyvinyl alcohol or a derivative thereof. As a method for producing this polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate obtained by polymerizing vinyl acetate is hydrolyzed, that is, depolymerized. There are known methods such as production by acetic acid. In this step, the degree of hydrolysis is called "degree of saponification" and represents the ratio of deacetic acid among the monomer units of polyvinyl alcohol. For example, a saponification degree of 100 mol% means that all the acetate residues of polyvinyl acetate are hydrolyzed to hydroxyl groups, and a polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 95 mol% means that the monomer unit of polyvinyl acetate is 95 mol%. It means those substituted with mol% hydroxyl groups.

The polyvinyl alcohol used for the film of the present invention has a saponification degree of usually 60 mol% or more,
More preferably 70 to 98 mol%, approximately 40 ° C
It shall dissolve, swell or disperse in the following water. If the amount is less than 60 mol%, or even less than 70 mol%, this property cannot be obtained sufficiently. The copolymer used for lamination is vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride,
It is a copolymer of three components of methyl methacrylate,
Does not dissolve in water. Although the molecular weight of these polyvinyl alcohols and copolymers, that is, the degree of polymerization is not particularly limited, the component ratio of vinyl acetate / vinyl chloride / methyl methacrylate is 1-70: 15-65: 15-34, respectively.
(Mol%) is preferred. More preferable component ratios are respectively 6 to 10:57 to 62:27 to 32 (mol%).

The copolymer used in the present invention may be adjusted with water resistance and dispersion time, and may be added with polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate or the like as a thickener. As the polyvinyl acetate to be added, it is preferable to use one having a polymerization degree of 100 to 2,000 in order to adjust the surface hardness, flexibility, and swelling degree of water of the laminated water-resistant layer.

The polymethyl methacrylate to be added preferably has a polymerization degree of 200 to 2,000 in order to adjust the surface hardness, flexibility and swelling degree of water of the laminated water-resistant layer. Furthermore, a water-soluble polymer or a water-soluble adhesive may be laminated as a binder in order to enhance the adhesiveness between the polyvinyl alcohol film and the water repellent and the heat sealing property during bag making. Examples of such a binder include polyethylene oxide, starch, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, pullulan, xanthan gum, and alginic acid.

Further, the polyvinyl alcohol used in the present invention may contain a gelling accelerator for polyvinyl alcohol in order to increase the film strength or the coating strength on the laminated surface. Examples of the gelation accelerator for polyvinyl alcohol include salts having a coagulation effect on polyvinyl alcohol, substances capable of forming a diol-type chemical bond with polyvinyl alcohol, and the like. For example,
Examples of the salts include sulfates such as sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and potassium sulfate; nitrates such as sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and aluminum nitrate; phosphates such as sodium phosphate; and chromic acids such as potassium chromate. Salts and the like are exemplified as preferable ones. Examples of the substance capable of forming a chemical bond with polyvinyl alcohol include boric acid, borate, borax, and compounds such as copper, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, tin, and vanadium.

The proportion of these gelling accelerators when mixed in polyvinyl alcohol depends on the gelling ability of each gelling accelerator, but is not more than 30 mol%, preferably not more than 30 mol%, based on the vinyl alcohol unit of polyvinyl alcohol.
The content is preferably at most 20 mol%. When the concentration of the gelling agent exceeds 30 mol%, sufficient water solubility of the film cannot be obtained, and it is difficult to obtain the desired film performance.

In order to improve the flexibility of the polyvinyl alcohol film, a plasticizer may be added to such an extent that the performance of the film is not impaired. Examples of the plasticizer include ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, pentamethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, 3,3-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, and triethylene glycol. Examples include ethylene glycol, dibutyl phthalate, and dioctyl phthalate.

The water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol film of the present invention can be produced by various methods.
It can be produced by dissolving, swelling or dispersing in water at an appropriate temperature by a known method or the like, followed by defoaming, casting and drying. A heat treatment step may be added to increase the film strength. The thickness of the film is not particularly limited, but usually a thickness of 25 to 250 μm is preferably used.

In the present invention, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol film obtained as described above is laminated on one side by a known method using a copolymer solution of three components of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and methyl methacrylate. As the solvent for the copolymer at this time, methanol, ethanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, benzene, toluene, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, trichloroethylene, dichloromethane and the like can be used.

The lamination thickness is usually 0.05 to 20 μm.
It is preferably about m, and below this, sufficient water impermeability cannot be obtained, and above this, the dissolution or dispersibility in water of the whole film tends to be adversely affected. The film layer containing polyvinyl alcohol as a main component, in order to apply coloring, and to provide temporary water resistance to the surface opposite to the lamination surface to prevent welding to a toilet bowl,
In order to cause the film to flow down without being fused to the sewage or the sewage treatment layer even when flashing, a colorant or a dye may be added to such an extent that the performance and strength of the film are not impaired. For example, Benzopurpu 4BKX (Benzopurpu
rine 4BKX), Nippon Orange GC (Nippon Ora)
nge GC), chrysophenine NS
S), Direct Sky Blue 5B
5B), Nippon First Violet BB (Nippon
Fast Violet BB), Direct Brown M (Direct
Brown M), Nippon Deep Black Extra, Sulfur Indigo R, Sulfur Black BC
(Sulphur Black BC), Mike Slen Blue RS (Mike
threne Blue RS), naphthol AS (Naphtol A)
S), Fast Scarlet G Base
G Base), Roselin NS (Rocceline NS), Acid Brilliant Scarlet 3R (Acid Brilliant S)
carlet 3R), Chrome Green F (Chrome Green)
F), Chrome Black AC, Rhodamine B, Celliton Fast Pink F3B, Celliton Fast Blue FFR, and the like.

Similarly, toilet paper or water-dispersible paper besides the coloring agent or dye is used to prevent the adhesion to the toilet bowl and the like and to flow down without flushing to the sewage or the sewage treatment layer even when flushing. You may laminate. In order to further increase the water resistance from one side of the polyvinyl alcohol film, a water repellent may be separately applied after laminating the above copolymer. Typical examples of such a water repellent include a reactive silicone compound and a pyridinium salt type which are mainly composed of paraffin, aluminum stearate, zirconium stearate, a silicone resin or methylhydropolysiloxane, and are reticulated by a catalyst. Containing long-chain saturated hydrocarbon compounds having reactivity such as cationic surfactants, methylol stearamide, octadecyl ethylene urea, and polyfluoroalkyl acrylate having perfluoroalkyl groups in side chains as constituent units And compounds containing fluorine in the main chain. In particular, a water repellent containing a compound having a perfluoroalkyl group having the property of repelling water and oil is preferably used, but other water repellents may be used depending on the application. There is no particular limitation on the application amount of these water repellents and the heat treatment method after application. These water repellents are those in which a compound having water repellency is emulsified in water using a small amount of a surfactant,
Alternatively, what is dispersed and dissolved in a solvent may be applied to the surface of a polyvinyl alcohol film by a known method or the like, and may be dried and heat-treated depending on the use.

The container in the present invention can be formed into various shapes such as a bag shape, a cylindrical shape, a box shape, and the like by a known molding method such as heat and an adhesive. It is also possible to reinforce with a water-soluble adhesive tape or the like. Hereinafter, examples will be shown, and the easily disposable treatment base material of the present invention and a container using the same will be described in more detail.

[0021]

EXAMPLE 1 water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (Unitika Ltd., saponification degree 87 to 89 mol%, polymerization degree 1850) 20 g was taken in a beaker, was allowed to swell the distilled water was added 113 ml,
It was dissolved in a 90 ° C. water bath with vigorous stirring. After defoaming bubbles in the solution, the solution was cast on a polyethylene terephthalate film and air-dried at room temperature overnight. The thickness of the obtained film was about 80 μm.

Next, three components of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, and methyl methacrylate (molar ratio of each component: 8: 62: 3
20) A 20% toluene solution MC copolymer of a copolymer (Meiji Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added to vinyl acetate resin UMR-15.
0L (manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) 30% toluene solution at 7: 3
And then laminated on the polyvinyl alcohol film and dried at 90 ° C. for 5 minutes. The thickness of the laminated surface was approximately 7 μm.

When water droplets were dropped on the respective surfaces of the obtained laminated film, holes were opened from the polyvinyl alcohol surface side, but did not change from the laminated surface side. A water-soluble pressure-sensitive adhesive tape (manufactured by 3M Co., Ltd.) after heat-sealing with the laminated surface of the film obtained in the same manner inside,
To make a 20 × 50 cm square bag. 2 liters of warm water at 37 ° C. was added to the bag, and the change was observed. As a result, it was possible to maintain the water without leaking for 4 hours or more.

Further, the same film was prepared and bag-made in the same manner, inserted into a 30 × 30 × 50 cm container to which 30 l of water had been added, and one propeller having a diameter of 7 cm was inserted at 1000 rpm.
By rotating at m (protected by a wire mesh to prevent the bag from wrapping around the propeller), a change in the state of dispersion under weak stirring was observed. The results are shown in Table 1. As is clear from Table 1, the container for easy disposal according to the present invention was dispersed in a short time.

As is clear from the comparison with the following comparative example, in the case of the easily disposable container of the present invention, the inner surface shows water impermeability for a long time, and water infiltrates from the outer surface of the container. Sometimes, the whole container dissolves or disperses easily.

[0026]

[Table 1]

Comparative Example 1 A bag making method was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only a 30% toluene solution of vinyl acetate resin UMR-150L was laminated without using the MC lacquer. The test was performed. The thickness of the laminated surface was also 7 μm. The results are also shown in Table 1.

As is clear from Table 1, no dispersion was observed even after 1 hour. Comparative Example 2 The same dispersion test as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was performed using a flowable sheet (trade name: Kirizuki, manufactured by Unicharm Co., Ltd.) used for toilet cleaning. The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from Table 1, no dispersion was observed even after 1 hour. Example 2 Vinyl acetate resin UMR-150L using water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification of 96 to 98% and a degree of polymerization of 2300
A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that was not used. On the polyvinyl alcohol surface side, a hole was opened by the dropped water drop, but the laminated surface did not change. Example 3 A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 70 to 74% and a polymerization degree of 1680 was used. When the bag was made, it showed almost the same water impermeability as in Example 1, and the container was easily dissolved or dispersed. Example 4 In Example 1, the ratio was set to vinyl acetate: vinyl chloride: methyl methacrylate (molar ratio) = 60: 25: 15.

In the same test as in Example 1, the bag
The water did not leak for more than an hour, and after 40 minutes, it was divided into many pieces, and many strip-like films floated. Example 5 In Example 1, 25% of polymethyl methacrylate (trade name: Acrypet V, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) was used instead of 30% toluene solution of vinyl acetate resin UMR-150L (manufactured by Unitika). A laminated film was produced in the same manner except that a toluene solution was used, and a bag was prepared using the laminated film.

In the same test as in Example 1, the bag
Water leakage did not occur for more than an hour, and after fifty minutes, the fission took place and many fission membranes floated.

[0032]

According to the base material of the present invention, the ostomy bag, the wound dressing, the dressing, because the copolymer polymer laminating surface side is impermeable to water and dissolves or disperses when it comes into contact with water from the other surface side. For waste treatment in various fields such as utensils, sanitary napkins, tampons, garbage disposal bags, body waste bags, urine collection bags, portable urine collection bags, laundry bags, medical waste containers or bags, etc. Useful as a product.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Reference number in the agency FI Technical display location B65D 81/26 9052-4C A61G 9/00 L

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A waste treatment substrate comprising a film made of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and a vinyl acetate / vinyl chloride / methyl methacrylate copolymer laminated on one surface of the film. A substrate for easy disposal, characterized in that the laminating surface side is impermeable to water and the whole surface is dissolved or dispersed when the other surface side of the film comes into contact with water. 2. The substrate for easy disposal according to claim 1, wherein the degree of saponification of the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol is 70 to 98 mol%. Wherein component ratios of the polyvinyl alcohol film to vinyl acetate, vinyl methacrylate copolymer chloride to laminate the vinyl acetate from 1 to 70 mol%:
15-65 mol% of vinyl chloride: methyl methacrylate 1
The base material for easy disposal treatment according to claim 1, wherein the content is 5 to 34 mol%. 4. An easily disposable base material for vinyl acetate / vinyl chloride / methyl methacrylate copolymer according to claim 1, which can be dumped into a flush toilet where the laminating side of the film is the inside of the container. Waste disposal container.