JP2582374B2 - Improved bent liner and cover structure for battery - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a secure non-reclosable vent closure for batteries such as non-aqueous liquid oxyhalide batteries, and more particularly to an improved vent liner for such batteries and Related to battery cover.

Reliable, long service life batteries or batteries for portable motorized devices such as tape recorders, players, wireless transmitters, receivers, etc., have been developed. Electrochemical battery systems for such devices have long been used by combining highly reactive anode materials such as lithium and sodium with high energy density non-aqueous liquid cathode materials, often referred to as cathode-electrolyte, and suitable salts. Give life.

Batteries are typically sealed to prevent electrolyte loss due to leakage. This is particularly important in the case of non-aqueous liquid cathode cells, which typically use highly reactive oxyhalide or halide cathode-electrolytes.
Any leakage of such liquids or their reaction products may result in damage to the surface of the device using the battery or the compartment or shelf storing the battery.

On the other hand, certain operating conditions can significantly increase the internal pressure of such a liquid cathode battery. This pressure may be created by an external source such as a fire or an internal source such as heat generated during charging. In some situations, the negative electrode
May melt and react directly with liquid cathode due to intense energy release reaction. In the case of other batteries, such as alkaline-zinc batteries, carbon-zinc batteries, etc., such batteries may generate large amounts of gas under certain use conditions. Thus, if any of the batteries were permanently sealed, the build-up of internal pressure within the battery could cause the battery container to leak, cause the battery container to bulge, or even break, These can result in property and / or body damage.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide battery vents that are designed to remain sealed at standard operating conditions that the battery may encounter, but will open when the pressure in the battery increases substantially. is there. For example, in the case of a liquid cathode battery using a lithium anode, the vent must be opened before lithium melts and reacts directly with the liquid cathode.
Upon aeration, most of the liquid cathode material is removed and is thus not available for reaction with the anode.

One type of venting assembly conventionally used for lithium-oxyhalide batteries includes a vent liner of a material such as polytetrafluoroethylene inserted into an orifice in the battery cover, and a sealing member such as a glass ball is provided on the liner. Press-fit into the orifice to seal the battery. Upon accumulation of a predetermined pressure within the cell, the seal member will be at least partially expelled from the liner orifice, thereby forming a permanent vent to the atmosphere. In making such a venting assembly, the orifice is typically formed by punching a hole into the battery cover. Thereafter, the liner is inserted into the battery cover orifice. Preferably, the liner has a flange on its upper edge for accurate placement upon insertion into the battery cover orifice.
After insertion, the flange abuts the top surface of the cover, and a portion of the liner may extend beyond the bottom surface of the cover and into the battery. The punching operation leaves a rough edge at the intersection of the orifice wall and the top of the cover, which may harm the liner harmfully, so that the liner is not press-fitted into the battery cover orifice, Or it is not press-fitted and does not give an interference fit.

Drilling a hole in the battery cover to create a vent liner insertion orifice causes the orifice to taper outward toward the bottom of the battery cover. As a result, crevasse will be present between the battery cover and the vent liner. When filling the battery, the crevasse will be filled with the cathode-electrolyte fluid. Thus, an undesirable electrochemical cell system is created between the lithium in the cell and oxygen or water vapor or both present in the atmosphere directly outside the cell cover. Lithium has the formula Li → Li ^{+ +} e ^- is oxidized in accordance. Lithium ions will diffuse from the battery through the electrolyte contained in the crevasse to the vent liner / cover interface. Then, water and oxygen in the atmosphere are reduced according to the following formula: 1/20 ₂ + H ₂ O + 2Li ⁺ + 2e ⁻ → 2LiOH 2LiOH + CO ₂ → Li2CO3 + 1 / 2H ₂ One or more of these products produced on the exterior of the battery cover are highly corrosive and, in combination with the undesirable electrochemical cell system drive potential, may accelerate battery leakage over time; In some cases, a short circuit of the battery was caused.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a sealing well having a bottom positioned toward the interior of the battery, an orifice in the seal well and a support shelf at the bottom of the seal well.
A novel battery structure is used that includes a battery container having a bent liner housing that contains the ort ledge. The bent liner having a bent liner orifice is positioned in the seal well such that the end of the bent liner abuts the support shelf to provide a path from the interior of the battery to the atmosphere through the seal well orifice and the bent liner orifice. The seal member is press fit into the vent liner, and the vent liner and the seal member are adapted such that the seal member is at least partially expelled from the vent orifice at a predetermined gas pressure within the battery.

During manufacturing, the support shelf gives a positive stop. For this stop, the bent liner cannot be inserted further, thereby eliminating the need for a flange at the top of the bent liner. Further, if the seal well has relatively smooth walls such that the seal well is made from a smooth sheet of material by a metal forming process, the formation of close contact between the vent liner and the seal well Eliminates the crevice between the battery cover and the vent liner, thereby effectively eliminating the channel for lithium ion diffusion outside the battery. A sealant can be placed at the interface between the seal well and the vent liner to fill any surface defects at these interfaces. Certain other novel structural features and manufacturing techniques can be advantageously used in connection with the present invention, as described in more detail below.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring in detail to FIG. 1, a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical battery is shown. The battery shown is a non-aqueous electrochemical cell that includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode current collector, and a liquid positive electrode-electrolyte.

The cathode-electrolyte is an active cathode depolarizer (active cathode d
epolarizer) consisting of a solution of an ion conductive solute dissolved in an epolarizer. The positive electrode depolarizer is a liquid oxyhalide of an element of Group V or Group VI of the periodic table, such as sulfuryl chloride,
It can be thionyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, thionyl bromide, chromyl chloride, vanadyl tribromide and selenium oxychloride. Groups IV to VI of the periodic table as positive electrode depolarizers
Halides of group elements such as sulfur monochloride, sulfur monobromide, selenium tetrafluoride, selenium monobromide, thiophosphoryl chloride, thiophosphoryl bromide, vanadium pentafluoride, lead tetrachloride, titanium tetrachloride, odor Tin trichloride, tin dibromide and tin tribromide can also be used.

The solute used in the positive electrode-electrolyte can be a single salt or a double salt that will prepare an ionically conductive solution.
Preferred solutes for non-aqueous systems are complexes of inorganic or organic Lewis acids with inorganic ionic salts. Typical Lewis acids suitable for use with the liquid oxyhalide cathode depolarizer include aluminum fluoride, aluminum bromide, aluminum chloride, antimony pentachloride, zirconium tetrachloride, phosphorus pentachloride, boron fluoride, chloride chloride. Boron and boron bromide. Ionic salts useful in combination with Lewis acids include lithium fluoride, lithium chloride,
Lithium bromide, lithium sulfide, sodium fluoride, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium fluoride, potassium chloride and potassium bromide.

If desired (particularly in the case of halides), co-solvents can be added to the cathode-electrolyte to change the dielectric constant, viscosity or solvent properties of the solution to achieve better conductivity. Some examples of suitable co-solvents are nitrobenzene,
Tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, 3-methyl-2-oxazolidone, propylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, sulfolane, ethylene glycol sulfite, dimethyl sulfite, benzoyl chloride, dimethoxyethane, dimethylisoxazole, diethyl carbonate, sulfur dioxide, etc. .

The battery housing of FIG. 1 includes a cylindrical battery container 2 having an open end closed by a battery cover 40. Positive current collector shell 4 is in contact with the upright perimeter inside battery container 2, thereby accommodating container 2 as a positive electrode or positive terminal for the battery. Bottom separator or disc
A separator liner 6 having 10 is exposed within and in contact with the inside of the positive electrode current collector 4. If desired, the positive electrode current collector material could be extruded in container 2, rolled with the container material, or made up of one or more segments to form a cylindrical tube before entering the container.

The two-piece negative electrode 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a first semi-cylindrical annular member 14 having flat end faces 16, 18 and a second semi-cylindrical annular member having flat end faces 22, 24. Consists of 20. When the flat end faces of each semi-cylindrical member are arranged in an opposed manner as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an axial cavity 26 is defined between the semi-cylindrical annular members 14,20. .

The cathode current collector shell 4 must be electrically conductive to provide external electrical contact with the cathode active material and to provide an increased area reaction site for the battery's cathode electrochemical process. Materials suitable for use in the positive electrode current collector shell 4 are carbon materials and metals such as nickel, with acetylene black being preferred. Furthermore, the cathode current collector shell 4, if made of particulate material, can be formed directly in the container 2, or can be made of discrete bodies of various sizes that can be handled without cracking or breaking. ) Should be able to be molded. If the positive electrode current collector shell 4 is made of a carbonaceous material, a suitable binder (with or without stabilizer)
Can be added to the positive electrode current collector material. Suitable binders for this purpose are vinyl polymers, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylic resins, polystyrene and the like. For example, if the battery shown in FIG. 1 was used with a liquid oxyhalide cathode, polytetrafluoroethylene would be the preferred binder for the cathode current collector shell 4. If necessary, the binder is added to about 5 to 5 parts of the formed positive electrode current collector shell 4.
It should be added in an amount of about 30% by weight. The reason is 5%
Less than an amount will not provide sufficient strength to the compact, while more than 30% will waterproof the carbon surface and / or reduce the effective carbon surface, thereby reducing the positive electrode potential of the battery. This would reduce the activation site area available for the chemical process. Preferably, the binder should be 10-25% by weight of the positive electrode current collector shell 4. It is important that the materials chosen for the positive electrode current collector shell 4 be chemically stable in the battery in which they are to be used.

The negative electrode 12 is a consumable metal, which may be an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an alloy of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals with each other or with other metals (as used herein, “alloys”). Is a mixture, nilium-
Solid solutions such as magnesium, and intermetallic compounds such as lithium monoaluminide). Preferred materials for the negative electrode 12 are alkali metals, especially lithium, sodium and potassium. In the case of the battery shown in FIG. 1, making a lithium anode 12 simultaneously with a liquid cathode of sulfuryl chloride, thionyl chloride or a mixture thereof,
Particularly preferred.

If desired, the arcuate backing sheets 15, 17 can be placed against the inner walls of the anode bodies 14, 20, respectively, to provide a uniform current distribution across the anode. This will result in a substantially uniform consumption or utilization of the negative electrode, while also providing a substantially uniform spring pressure across the inner wall surface of the negative electrode 12.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG.
Is a circular cover orifice 60, a bent liner housing 70,
An annular cap portion 80 and a peripheral cover flange 90 are included.
Bent liner receptacle 70 includes a perimeter support shelf 72, a cylindrical seal well 74 and a round receptacle shoulder 76. A perimeter support shelf 72 integrally joined with the seal well 74 at the bottom of the seal well 74 is directed inwardly around its entire periphery toward the geometric axis of the seal well 74 so that the cover orifice 60 Has been stipulated. A round receptacle shoulder 76 is located at the intersection of the top of the seal well 74 and the cover shelf 77. The cover shelf 77 is a horizontal plane that covers an area between the shoulder 76 and the cap portion 80. The round receptacle shoulder 76 provides a smooth transition at that intersection without sharp edges. The cover is sealed to the container 2 with an insulating gasket 52 between them by the usual sealing method.

The cover 40 is preferably formed by drawing a portion of sheet metal, preferably a sheet of stainless steel. The cover orifice 60 can be formed in the cover 40 by conventional punching or drilling. Cover 40
The specific steps taken to make are described in more detail below.

A cylindrical bent liner 29 having a bent liner orifice 25 connecting its two circular ends has one of its ends abutting the support shelf 72 and its cylindrical surface facing the seal well 74.
The cover 40 is disposed so as to contact the inner surface of the cover. The support shelf 72 is preferably continuous around the perimeter of the seal well 74 to minimize unwanted electrochemical cell system potentials between the inside of the cell and the ambient components, but is The arm 72 can also comprise one or more inwardly projecting tabs or segments sufficient to provide a shelf against which the vent liner 29 can abut.

The metal forming method that can be used to make the cover 40 keeps the inner surface of the seal well 74 relatively smooth, so that the intimate contact between the vent liner 29 and the seal well 74, as described below, occurs in the battery. Any transport of lithium ions from the inside to the outside of the battery cover will be substantially prevented. In this way, undesirable electrochemical cell systems conventionally occurring at the interface between the vent liner and the cover no longer occur, and cell erosion by such a mechanism is prevented.

The bent liner 29 is (1) the bent liner
It can be formed from a sheet material that is shaped into a shape during the process of press-fitting the 29 orifices, or (2) a tube made of a suitable length, the latter being preferred. The raw material of the vent liner 29 can be elastic or inelastic, but must be resistant to attack by the electrolyte and must be press-fitted without reacting with the seal member press-fitted therein. The sealed member must not substantially change the pressure expelled from vent liner 29. Various materials, for example, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy polymer, fluorinated ethylene-propylene polymer, glass and the like are suitable.Bentliner 29 is EI of Wilmington, Delaware, USA
It is presently preferred Dipon de Numusu End Company, the molding Bentoraina of Tefutsueru (Tefzel ^R) available. Here, the component under the trade name “Tefzel” is a copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene.

As described above, the seal member is press fit into the vent liner orifice 25 to seal current. This seal member preferably has a smooth spherical shape, as exemplified by the ball 56 in FIGS. Ball 56
Can be made from elastic or inelastic materials such as metal, glass, ceramic, plastic, etc.
In particular, it is made from or coated with a material that is chemically resistant to the liquid components of the battery. If the ball 56 is elastic, the ball 56 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene,
It can be made from a fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer, a perfluoroalkoxy polymer, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer or other predetermined fluoropolymer. When the ball 56 is to be coated with a chemically inert material, the ball 56 can be made of any material.

The outer periphery of the cover 40 is preferably bent at an obtuse angle, preferably at an angle close to or equal to 180 °, to provide a cover flange 90 as shown in FIGS. The flange 90 during assembly is compressed against the gasket 52, which causes the flange 90 to "follow" the gasket 52 if the dimensional change of the battery results from thermal expansion and / or contraction. Such a structure, also called a "structure," provides a seal between the cover 40 and the battery case 2.

The legs 32,34 are two screen-lined negative electrode members 14,20.
The conductive spring stop 28 biased against is electrically connected to the battery cover 40, causing the cover 40 to be the negative or negative terminal of the battery. The ends of the spring legs 32, 34 can be electrically connected to the cover 40 by welding the ends to the cover 40. Alternatively, the geometry of battery cover 40 when made in accordance with the present invention allows for the use of a novel connection system. Referring to FIGS. 4A-4D, a unitary unit including a spring strip 28 and an annular fastening disc 401
y) The spring collector assembly 420 is shown. The disk 401 is made of an elastic material such as stainless steel. The spring legs 32, 34 of the spring strip 28 are joined in a region 402, for example, by welding. The disc 401 has four downwardly bent radially inwardly directed tabs spaced equally around the perimeter of the hole 403 to define four radially oriented slits 404. An area-shaped fastening hole 403 having a 406 is included. The diameter of the hole 403 is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical outer surface of the seal well 74 disposed in the battery. Thus, when the disc 401 is axially pressed onto the outer surface of the seal well 74, the tabs in the disc 401 will be forced to deflect slightly and open. Thereafter, the deformation interference fit formed by the spring tabs 406 of the disk 401 firmly secures the disk 401 to the cover 40 in a tight compression manner, thereby ensuring an electrical connection between the cover 40 and the spring strip 28.

Current collecting assembly 420 is formed from a single piece of the material shown in FIG. 4C. The disc 401 has a first forming member 465
And the second forming member 466. The members 465, 466 are appropriately bent and joined at the region 402 to form the spring legs 32, 34 of the spring strip 28.

To make the battery shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the battery cover 40 is stretched to have the shape shown in FIGS. The manufacturing sequence will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5F. Specifically, for example, a 0.012 inch (about 0.305 mm) thick 304L stainless steel stainless steel strip having a smooth surface finish is subjected to a stamping operation, and is large enough to allow the cover 40 to extend therefrom. Cut into flat disks. The disk is then stretched into a cup shape as shown in FIG. 5A and the cover flange 90 is partially formed by reversely bending the periphery of the partially formed cover as shown in FIG. 5B. .

Next, the bent liner housing section 60 and the annular cap section
80 is formed into a partially formed cover by a stretching operation. In order to prevent cracks during stretching, it is preferable to perform this stretching operation in a number of steps (each of which sequentially stretches the cover 40 close to its final shape). After the step of producing the cover shape shown in FIG. 5B, the cover 40 is stretched to its final shape using nine steps. Specifically, after forming the cover shape shown in FIG. 5B, the cover is extended to form a bowl portion 503 as shown in FIG. 5C. From this bowl part, a bent liner receiving part 70 will be formed. Next, five successive stretching steps are performed to sequentially narrow the bowl portion 503 and produce the cover shape shown in FIG. 5D. The next stretching step begins to form the annular cap portion 80, resulting in the cover shape shown in FIG. 5E. Two additional stretching steps result in the final shape of the cover 80 as shown in FIG. 5F. Next, the cover orifice 60 is formed by a punching operation. Or the accommodation
70 may be formed first by a stretching operation.

The drawing operation will have some effect on the smooth surface finish of the steel. However, the finish will remain sufficiently smooth that subsequent insertion of the vent liner 29 into the seal well 74 can be achieved in a manner that creates intimate contact between them as described below.

The cylindrical bent liner 29 is preferably a bent liner.
It has an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical seal well 74 so that the 29 can be pressed into the seal well 74 to create an interference fit. In this embodiment, the outer diameter is 0.13
Bent liner 29 with 5 inches (about 3.43 mm)
It is press fit into a seal well 74 having a 0.125 inch (about 3.18 mm).

Insert the bent liner 29 into the seal well 74 until the bottom of the bent liner 29 contacts the support shelf 72. Thus, the support shelf 72 provides a positive stop into which further insertion of the bent liner 29 is not possible, thereby eliminating the need for a flange at the top of the bent liner. Further, the interference fit forces the outer surface of vent liner 29 against the inner surface of seal well 74, which creates a tight contact between the two surfaces, thereby causing bent liner 29 and seal well 74 from inside the cell. To prevent outward transport of lithium ions through the outer surface. Because the shoulder 76 of the receptacle is rounded, the insertion of the liner 29 is made easier and the possibility of notching the liner during insertion is minimized. The length of the bent liner 29 is preferably such that the circular upper end of the bent liner 29 is flush with the cover shelf 77 when inserted into the seal well 74.

In the case of an oxyhalide battery, the liner 29
It is preferred that the seal well 74 be coated with celite prior to insertion. Such a sealant ensures a more complete seal of liner 29 to seal well 74 in the event of a defect on the surface of liner 29 or seal well 74.
The sealant can be a halocarbon wax, which is a saturated low molecular weight polymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene, or a fluoroelastomer. Alternatively, since Tefzel is thermally bondable, the vent liner 29 when made from this material can be heated sufficiently before or after insertion into the seal well 74 and can be press bonded therein.

After inserting the bent liner 29 into the seal well 74, the disk 401 of the spring current collecting assembly 420 is pressed onto the cylindrical outside of the seal well 74, and the cover 40 is attached to the annular gasket 52 disposed at the open end of the battery container 2. Insert into the appropriate position inside. The gasket 52 is preferably made from Tefzel and is preferably coated with the same type of sealant used to coat the seal well 74. When the cover 40 is inserted into the annular gasket 52, the container 2 is already provided with the positive electrode current collector shell 4, the separator liner 6 and the bottom separator 10, the two-member negative electrode 12, and the backing sheets 15 and 17. . When the cover 40 is positioned with respect to the gasket 52, the legs 32, 34 of the spring strip 28 are squeezed together, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the axial opening between the two screen backing negative electrode members 14, 20. Press in. The inserted spring strip 28 resiliently biases the two negative electrode members 14, 20 by the backing screens 15, 17 to provide a substantially uniform continuous pressure contact across the inner walls of the negative electrode members.

After inserting the cover 40 into the gasket 52, the battery container 2
The battery is closed and sealed using conventional sealing techniques so that the battery cover 40 completes the sealed battery housing. The fill head assembly is then pressed against the top of bent liner 29. If the circular upper end of the vent liner 29 is flush with the cover shelf 77 (this is preferred), the filling head also presses against the cover shelf 77. Next, the battery is filled with the positive electrode-electrolyte.

After filling the container with the cathode-electrolyte, a seal member 56 is placed over the vent liner orifice 25 in the liner 29 and the ram member is used until further insertion is resisted by the presence of the support shelf 72. The seal member 56 is pressed into the orifice 25. In conventional structures, if the seal member was inserted too deeply into the bent liner, a vent pressure higher than the desired vent pressure would occur, creating the possibility of battery disassembly under abusive conditions. If, on the other hand, the seal member was not inserted into the bent liner at a sufficient depth, ventilation could occur under standard use conditions, thereby causing unnecessary damage to the battery-powered device. In the present invention, the placement of the seal member 56 is not critical, and the support shelf 72 provides a positive stop against which the seal member 56
Can be pressed, thereby providing an easily reproducible vent pressure.

After removal of the ram, a layer of sealant 62 is placed over seal member 56, vent liner 29 and spread over cover shelf 77 to produce a fully sealed battery. Suitable sealing materials include halocarbon wax, asphalt, or any other material that is moisture resistant, has reasonable adhesion to metals, and is easily applied. Preferably, the sealant material should be applied in liquid form and then solidified. Next, the battery is completed by, for example, placing the battery in a steel jacket and covering the cap portion 80 with a finish cover (not shown).

Batteries using the present invention can be smaller than batteries using conventional structures. In conventional constructions, the bent liner required a flange on its upper edge to prevent the bent liner from falling into the interior of the battery. The seal needed to clear this flange before ventilation could occur. Thus, the height between the finish cover and the top surface of the cover had to be sufficient to accommodate both the diameter of the seal member and the thickness of the flange. However, in the present invention, the circular upper end of the bent liner 29 can be flush with the cover shelf 77, so that the height between the finishing cover and the cover shelf 77 accommodates the diameter of the sealing member. It just needs.

Improved Bentoraina and cover structure of the present invention, other batteries, such as Leclanche batteries, zinc chloride battery, a lithium -MnO ₂ batteries, lithium - iron sulfide batteries, alkaline -
It should be understood that MnO ₂ batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries could be used together.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electrochemical cell made in accordance with the present invention, FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a battery cover and vent liner of the battery. FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the battery cover and battery container of the electrochemical battery shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4D, respectively, which can be used in a battery made in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 4C is a plan view, side view and perspective view of a negative spring collector of the species, FIG. 4C is a perspective view of the material stock used to form the spring collector shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4D. FIGS. 5A to 5F are side views of the battery cover in the manufacturing stage. 2 ... Battery container, 25 ... Bent liner orifice, 28 ...
... Spring strip, 29 ... Bent liner, 40 ... Battery cover, 52 ... Gasket, 56 ... Ball,
60 ... cover orifice, 70 ... Bent liner storage,
72 ... support shelf, 74 ... seal well, 76 ... shoulder of housing, 90 ... flange, 401 ... fastening disk, 403 ... hole, 406 ... tab, 420 ...
… Spring current collecting assembly.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor John, Andrew, Wesner Inside the Ohio, U.S.A.

Claims (19)

(57) [Claims] 1. A battery housing for accommodating the active components of the battery, (b) a seal well having a bottom disposed towards the interior of the battery, and a support shelf at the bottom of the seal well. Defines the orifice in the seal well)
A bent liner receiving portion formed in a portion of the battery housing, (c) a bent liner having a bent liner orifice disposed in the seal well such that the end of the bent liner abuts the support shelf (the orifice in the seal well). And a vent liner orifice provides a path from the interior of the battery to the atmosphere), and (d) a seal member press fit into the vent liner (the vent liner and the seal member are provided at a predetermined internal gas pressure within the battery). Adapted to be at least partially expelled from the vent liner orifice. 2. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the seal well is contoured to define a shoulder of a contoured bent liner housing to facilitate insertion of the bent liner into the seal well. battery. 3. The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein there is an interference fit between the vent liner and the seal well. 4. The battery housing includes a battery cover closing an opening in the electronic container, the vent liner receiving portion is formed in a portion of the battery cover, and the battery cover provides a smooth-walled sealed well. 2. The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical cell is formed from a smooth sheet of material. 5. The battery cover according to claim 1, wherein the outer periphery of the battery cover is bent at an obtuse angle to provide a flange around the battery cover, and the gasket is disposed and compressed between the battery cover flange and the battery container, thereby substantially forming the fluid. 5. The electrochemical cell according to claim 4, which provides a tight seal. 6. The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the seal well is substantially cylindrical and the support shelf is continuous around the circumference of the seal well. 7. The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the seal well is substantially cylindrical and the support shelf includes at least two radially inwardly located tabs. 8. The seal well having a cylindrical outer surface disposed within the cell, the cell further comprising: (a) a fastening hole whose periphery is interrupted by a plurality of radially inwardly directed tabs. A fastening member made of an elastic sheet of material to be pressed (the fastening member is axially pressed onto the cylindrical outer surface of the seal well); and (b) electrically connecting one of the active components of the battery to the fastening member. 5. The electrochemical cell according to claim 4, including a device to be connected and fixed to a fastening member. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the active components of the battery is solid, and wherein the device for electrically connecting one of the active components of the battery to the fastening member is secured and biased to the fastening member. 9. The electrochemical cell according to claim 8, which is a spring strip in electrical contact with the battery. 10. A battery housing for accommodating the active components of the battery, (b) a cylindrical well formed in a portion of the battery housing and having a cylindrical outer surface disposed within the battery, and (c) a periphery thereof. A fastening member made from an elastic sheet of material containing fastening holes interrupted by a plurality of radially inwardly directed tabs, the fastening members being axially pressed onto the cylindrical outer surface of the well 2. The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, further comprising: a device secured to the fastening member for electrically connecting one of the active components of the battery to the fastening member. 11. The solid active component of a battery wherein at least one of the active components of the battery is solid and a device for electrically connecting one of the active components of the battery to the fastener is secured and biased to the fastener. 11. The electrochemical cell according to claim 10, which is a conductive spring strip in electrical contact with the battery. 12. A battery containing the active components of a battery assembled in a housing, said housing having a circular wall defining an orifice, a bent liner disposed in the orifice, and a seal member press fit into the liner. To provide a standard fluid tight seal to the vent orifice, wherein the seal member and the liner are adapted such that the seal member is at least partially expelled from the vent orifice under a predetermined internal gas pressure within the cell. Wherein the wall of the orifice closest to the interior of the battery includes a member projecting inwardly of the orifice, against which the end of the vent liner abuts when located in the orifice. 2. The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein: 13. The electrochemical cell according to claim 12, wherein the upper portion of the circular wall defines a shoulder having a radiused profile to facilitate insertion of the liner into the orifice. 14. The electrochemical cell according to claim 13, wherein there is an interference fit between the vent liner and the wall of the orifice. 15. An active ingredient is placed in a battery, (b) a metal sheath is stretched to define a seal well on a portion of the battery cover (the seal well has a bottom), and the support shelf is a seal well. (C) forming a cover orifice at the bottom of the seal well by defining the bottom of the seal well and defining a round shoulder at the intersection of the top of the seal well and the battery cover; A battery is sealed by inserting a bent liner having a liner orifice into a seal well, (e) fastening a battery cover to a battery container, and (f) press-fitting a sealing member into the bent liner orifice. Manufacturing method of chemical battery. 16. The method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell according to claim 15, wherein the inserting step comprises press-fitting the bent liner into the seal well to form a seal between the seal well and the bent liner. 17. The vent liner is made from a thermally bonding material.
16. The method for producing an electrochemical battery according to claim 15, wherein the vent liner is heat-sealed to the battery cover. 18. The step of inserting includes inserting a bent liner whose length is such that the top of the bent liner is flush with the battery cover when inserted into the seal well, and the active ingredient is inserted into the battery container. The step of inserting the first active ingredient into the battery container before fastening the battery cover to the battery container.After fastening the battery cover to the battery container, the filling head assembly is placed on the top of the bent liner and the battery cover closest to the bent liner. 16. The method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell according to claim 15, comprising pressing against the top and injecting a fluid containing the second active component from the filling head assembly into the cell. 19. The invention as set forth in claim 1, further comprising press fitting the seal member into the bent liner orifice until further insertion is resisted by the presence of the support shelf at the bottom of the seal well.
Item 16. The method for producing an electrochemical cell according to Item 15.