JP2581656B2 - Deodorant and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Deodorant and method for producing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- JP2581656B2 JP2581656B2 JP3194861A JP19486191A JP2581656B2 JP 2581656 B2 JP2581656 B2 JP 2581656B2 JP 3194861 A JP3194861 A JP 3194861A JP 19486191 A JP19486191 A JP 19486191A JP 2581656 B2 JP2581656 B2 JP 2581656B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- deodorant
- less
- gas
- present
- column
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、硫化水素、アンモニ
ア、メルカプタン、アミン類など多種多様の悪臭物質を
効率良く除去することができる脱臭剤に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deodorant capable of efficiently removing various odorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, mercaptan, and amines.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、悪臭を除去する方法としてマ
スキング法、酸化法、中和法および吸着法などが知られ
ている。しかしながら、これらの脱臭方法には以下のよ
うな問題点があった。2. Description of the Related Art Masking methods, oxidation methods, neutralization methods, adsorption methods and the like have been known as methods for removing malodors. However, these deodorizing methods have the following problems.
【０００３】マスキング法は、香料などを用いて悪臭源
を隠蔽する方法であるため、根本的な脱臭法とは言えな
い。酸化法には白金系触媒を使う触媒酸化法やオゾンを
使うオゾン酸化法等があるが、有害物質発生による二次
公害の危険性や、高価な装置を使用しなければならない
という問題点がある。また、この酸化法の一種である熱
分解法も大型の装置を必要とし、設備コストが高いとい
う問題点がある。中和法には、薬液洗浄法や水洗法など
があるが、いずれの方法においても装置の大型化に伴う
設備コストの増大といった経済上の問題がある他、除去
対象物質が限定されてしまうという問題点がある。[0003] The masking method is a method of concealing a bad odor source using a fragrance or the like, and cannot be said to be a fundamental deodorizing method. Oxidation methods include a catalytic oxidation method using a platinum-based catalyst and an ozone oxidation method using ozone. However, there are problems such as the risk of secondary pollution due to the generation of harmful substances and the use of expensive equipment. . In addition, the thermal decomposition method, which is a kind of the oxidation method, requires a large-sized apparatus, and has a problem that the equipment cost is high. The neutralization method includes a chemical solution washing method and a water washing method. In any case, there is an economic problem such as an increase in equipment cost due to an increase in the size of the apparatus, and substances to be removed are limited. There is a problem.
【０００４】吸着法はシリカゲルや活性炭で悪臭物質を
吸着除去する方法であって、中でも活性炭がコストや吸
着能力の点で上記各種方法と比較して有利であるため、
脱臭剤として幅広く用いられてきた。しかしながら、活
性炭による吸着法は、低分子量の塩基性ガスを対象とし
た場合に脱臭効果が小さく吸着容量が限られており、高
濃度ガスと接触すると発熱や発火の危険性があるという
問題点がある。[0004] The adsorption method is a method of adsorbing and removing malodorous substances with silica gel or activated carbon. Among them, activated carbon is more advantageous than the above-mentioned various methods in terms of cost and adsorption capacity.
It has been widely used as a deodorant. However, the adsorption method using activated carbon has a problem that, when targeting low molecular weight basic gas, the deodorizing effect is small and the adsorption capacity is limited, and there is a danger of heat generation and ignition when contacted with high concentration gas. is there.
【０００５】一方、重金属物質、特に鉄塩を用いた鉄系
脱臭剤として、特公平２−２３１８８号公報に「第一鉄
塩及び第二鉄塩の群の中から選ばれる少なくとも一種の
鉄系物質と、没食子酸との混合物からなる脱臭剤」が開
示されている他、特開昭６３−２４０８６６号公報に
「固体酸性を有する無機物質と２価の鉄化合物とを共存
させてなる脱臭剤」が開示されている。On the other hand, as an iron-based deodorizing agent using a heavy metal substance, particularly an iron salt, Japanese Patent Publication No. 23188/1990 discloses “at least one iron-based deodorizing agent selected from the group of ferrous salts and ferric salts. A deodorant comprising a mixture of a substance and gallic acid ", and JP-A-63-240866 discloses a deodorant comprising a coexistence of an inorganic substance having solid acidity and a divalent iron compound. Is disclosed.
【０００６】しかしながら、上記従来の脱臭剤では、い
ずれによっても１万種以上とも言われる悪臭物質の低濃
度から高濃度までに対して総合的に対応することができ
なかった。そのため、数種類の脱臭剤を組み合わせて用
いることによって各種悪臭物質に対応しており、装置の
大型化および処理コストの増大が避けられなかった。[0006] However, the above conventional deodorizers cannot comprehensively cope with low- to high-concentrations of more than 10,000 kinds of malodorous substances. Therefore, various types of malodorous substances are dealt with by using a combination of several kinds of deodorants, and it is inevitable that the apparatus becomes large and the processing cost increases.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上述従来の
技術の問題点を解決し、単一品で各種悪臭物質に総合的
に対応することができる上、製造コストが安価であり、
かつ取扱いが容易な脱臭剤を提供することを目的とす
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is capable of comprehensively coping with various malodorous substances in a single product, and has a low manufacturing cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a deodorant that is easy to handle.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は上記課題を
解決するために鋭意研究した結果、金属鉱山湧水または
排水を安価なカルシウム塩で中和した際に生成する中和
澱物に、悪臭物質に対して極めて顕著な脱臭効果がある
ことを見い出し、本発明を提出することができた。Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that neutralized sediment formed when neutralizing spring water or drainage from a metal mine with inexpensive calcium salts. The present inventors have found that they have an extremely remarkable deodorizing effect on malodorous substances, and have submitted the present invention.
【０００９】すなわち、本発明は、少なくとも重金属の
硫酸塩および塩基性塩を複合的に含有する金属鉱山湧水
にカルシウム塩を添加し、ｐＨを調整することにより生
成する、鉄、銅、アルミニウム、亜鉛などの重金属の塩
類、およびカルシウム塩を含有する中和澱物からなるこ
とを特徴とする脱臭剤を提供するものである。That is, the present invention provides iron, copper, aluminum, and the like formed by adding a calcium salt to a metal mine spring containing at least a complex salt of a heavy metal sulfate and a basic salt and adjusting the pH. An object of the present invention is to provide a deodorant comprising a neutralized precipitate containing salts of heavy metals such as zinc and calcium salts.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】本発明の脱臭剤は、次のような方法で作製する
ことができる。まず、金属鉱山湧水または排水にカルシ
ウム塩を添加することによってｐＨを調整し、中和澱物
を生成させる。上記湧水中には、ＦｅＳＯ4 、Ｆｅ
2 （ＳＯ4 ）3 、Ａｌ2 （ＳＯ4 ）3 、ＣｕＳＯ4 等の
硫酸塩や、Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）2 、Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）3 、Ａｌ（Ｏ
Ｈ）3 、Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）2等の塩基性の金属塩類が複合的
に含有されており、この排水中にカルシウム塩を添加し
て中和澱物を生成させることにより、生成した澱物中に
重金属が複合的に包含される。次いで、生成した中和澱
物を乾燥した後、粉末状にしたものをそのまま脱臭剤と
して使用することができ、あるいはｐＨ調整時に添加す
るカルシウム塩をバインダーとしてペレット状に成形し
て使用することもできる。もちろん、上記排水に類似す
る重金属イオン含有溶液を人工的につくって同様に中和
することも可能である。The deodorant of the present invention can be prepared by the following method. First, the pH is adjusted by adding a calcium salt to the metal mine spring water or wastewater to generate a neutralized precipitate. FeSO 4 , Fe
Sulfates such as 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , CuSO 4 , Fe (OH) 2 , Fe (OH) 3 , Al (O
H) 3 , Cu (OH) 2 and other basic metal salts are contained in a complex form, and a calcium salt is added to the wastewater to form a neutralized precipitate. Contains a complex of heavy metals. Then, after the produced neutralized precipitate is dried, the powdered one can be used as it is as a deodorant, or the calcium salt added at the time of pH adjustment can be used as a binder and formed into pellets. it can. Of course, it is also possible to artificially prepare a heavy metal ion-containing solution similar to the above-mentioned wastewater and neutralize the solution.
【００１１】本発明の脱臭剤の各種悪臭物質に対する具
体的な作用機構は明白ではないが、硫化水素などの酸性
ガスに対しては塩基性金属塩が作用し、アンモニアなど
のアルカリ性ガスに対しては金属硫酸塩などが作用する
ものと考えられる。また、該脱臭剤中に存在する微量元
素は、上記の作用時に触媒的な役割を果たすものと考え
られる。また、中和澱物自体がポーラスな構造を有する
ため、この構造によって吸着効果が生じ、除去されるた
めに除かれる悪臭もあるものと考えられる。Although the specific mechanism of action of the deodorant of the present invention on various malodorous substances is not clear, a basic metal salt acts on an acidic gas such as hydrogen sulfide and an alkaline gas such as ammonia. Is considered to be affected by metal sulfates. Further, it is considered that the trace elements present in the deodorant play a catalytic role during the above-mentioned action. In addition, since the neutralized precipitate itself has a porous structure, it is considered that an adsorption effect is generated by this structure, and there is a bad smell which is removed because it is removed.
【００１２】また、本発明の脱臭剤は、充填カラムなど
に充填し、このカラムに悪臭物質を含んだガスを強制的
に送り込むことにより、効率良く脱臭処理を施すことが
できる。The deodorizing agent of the present invention can be efficiently deodorized by filling a column or the like and forcibly sending a gas containing a malodorous substance into the column.
【００１３】以下、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に
説明する。しかし本発明の範囲は以下の実施例により制
限されるものではない。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例１】まず、鉄、アルミニウム、銅などの重金属
の塩を含む金属鉱山排水にカルシウム塩含有液を添加す
ることによってｐＨを調整し、中和澱物を生成させた。
次いで、生成した中和澱物を乾燥した後、外寸４〜５mm
φ×４〜５mmＬの円柱状に成形し、これを供試試料（脱
臭剤）とした。なお、これらの供試試料の成分について
は、表１にその分析値を示す。Example 1 First, a pH was adjusted by adding a calcium salt-containing solution to metal mine drainage containing a salt of a heavy metal such as iron, aluminum, or copper to produce a neutralized precipitate.
Next, after the produced neutralized precipitate is dried, the outer size is 4 to 5 mm.
It was formed into a cylindrical shape of φ × 4 to 5 mmL, and this was used as a test sample (deodorant). Table 1 shows the analysis values of the components of these test samples.
【００１５】[0015]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１６】次に、脱臭効果測定装置のサンプリング口
５を有するサンプル充填カラム４に、上記供試試料をカ
ラム容量（サンプル充填容量）として 200ccの割合で充
填し、図１に示すようにガスボンベ１と圧力調整器２、
圧力調整器２と流量計３、および流量計３とサンプル充
填カラム４をそれぞれ透明ビニールホース６で接続し
た。次いで、濃度が 10,100ppmの硫化水素を、ガスボン
ベ１から30hr-1のＳＶ値（空間速度）で流し、カラム４
の上端部から排出される気体中の硫化水素濃度が10ppm
に達するまでに要する時間を測定した。ただしガス濃度
の測定はサンプリング口５に取り付けたガステック製検
知管により行った。また、比較のため、サンプル充填カ
ラム４に粒径４mmφの活性炭を充填し、上記と同様の試
験を行った。その結果、供試試料として活性炭を用いた
場合は約25時間であったのに対し、本発明品を用いた場
合には 106時間であり、従来の脱臭剤と比較して４倍も
の長時間脱臭効果が持続することが確認された。Next, a sample packed column 4 having a sampling port 5 of a deodorizing effect measuring device was filled with the test sample at a rate of 200 cc as a column capacity (sample filling capacity), and as shown in FIG. And pressure regulator 2,
The pressure regulator 2 and the flow meter 3 were connected to each other, and the flow meter 3 and the sample packed column 4 were connected to each other by the transparent vinyl hose 6. Next, hydrogen sulfide having a concentration of 10,100 ppm was flowed from the gas cylinder 1 at an SV value (space velocity) of 30 hr -1 ,
Hydrogen sulfide concentration in the gas discharged from the upper end of the
The time required to reach was measured. However, the gas concentration was measured using a gas-tech detector tube attached to the sampling port 5. For comparison, a sample packed column 4 was packed with activated carbon having a particle size of 4 mmφ, and the same test as above was performed. As a result, when the activated carbon was used as the test sample, the time was about 25 hours, whereas when the product of the present invention was used, it was 106 hours, which is four times longer than that of the conventional deodorant. It was confirmed that the deodorizing effect was maintained.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例２】60hr-1のＳＶ値でアンモニアを100ppm含有
するガスをボンベから流したこと以外は実施例１と同様
にして、カラム上端部から排出される気体中のアンモニ
ア濃度を測定した。その結果、上記ガスを流し始めてか
ら35時間経過しても、カラム上端部から排出された気体
中にアンモニアは検知されなかった。Example 2 The concentration of ammonia in the gas discharged from the upper end of the column was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a gas containing 100 ppm of ammonia was flowed from a cylinder at an SV value of 60 hr -1 . As a result, ammonia was not detected in the gas discharged from the upper end of the column even after 35 hours from the start of flowing the gas.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例３】60hr-1のＳＶ値でメチルメルカプタンを10
0ppm含有するガスをボンベから流したこと以外は実施例
１と同様にして、カラム上端部から排出される気体中の
メチルメルカプタン濃度を測定した。その結果、上記ガ
スを流し始めてから70時間経過しても、カラム上端部か
ら排出された気体中にメチルメルカプタンは検知されな
かった。Example 3 Methyl mercaptan was added at an SV value of 60 hr -1
The concentration of methyl mercaptan in the gas discharged from the upper end of the column was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the gas containing 0 ppm was flowed from the cylinder. As a result, methyl mercaptan was not detected in the gas discharged from the upper end of the column even after 70 hours from the start of the flow of the gas.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例４】60hr-1のＳＶ値でトリメチルアミンを100p
pm含有するガスをボンベから流したこと以外は実施例１
と同様にして、カラム上端部から排出される気体中のト
リメチルアミン濃度を測定した。その結果、上記ガスを
流し始めてから37時間経過しても、カラム上端部から排
出された気体中にトリメチルアミンは検知されなかっ
た。Example 4 Trimethylamine was added at an SV value of 60 hr -1 to 100 p.
Example 1 except that the gas containing pm was flowed from a cylinder.
Similarly to the above, the concentration of trimethylamine in the gas discharged from the upper end of the column was measured. As a result, even after 37 hours from the start of flowing the gas, trimethylamine was not detected in the gas discharged from the upper end of the column.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】本発明の開発により、単一製品の使用で
各種悪臭物質を総合的に効率良く除去することができる
ようになった。また、本発明の脱臭剤は、製造コストが
安価であり、かつ取り扱いが容易であるため、極めて商
業的価値が高い。According to the development of the present invention, various odorous substances can be efficiently and comprehensively removed by using a single product. In addition, the deodorant of the present invention has extremely low commercial cost and is easy to handle, and therefore has extremely high commercial value.
【図１】脱臭剤を充填したカラムを有する脱臭効果測定
装置を示す配管図である。FIG. 1 is a piping diagram showing a deodorizing effect measuring device having a column filled with a deodorant.
１‥‥‥ガスボンベ ２‥‥‥圧力調整器 ３‥‥‥流量計 ４‥‥‥サンプル充填カラム ５‥‥‥サンプリング口 ６‥‥‥透明ビニールホース 1. Gas cylinder 2. Pressure regulator 3. Flow meter 4. Sample packed column 5. Sampling port 6. Transparent vinyl hose
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 飛田 実 東京都千代田区丸の内１丁目８番２号 同和鉱業株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭53−51192（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−185445（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−237639（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−128632（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−74629（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 昭62−2846（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Minoru Tobita 1-8-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-53-51192 (JP, A) JP-A-63 JP-A-185445 (JP, A) JP-A-2-23739 (JP, A) JP-A-2-128632 (JP, A) JP-A-61-74629 (JP, A) JP-B-62-2846 (JP, B2) )
Claims (2)
下、Ｃａ化合物を３０wt% 以下、ＳＯ3 を２５〜３５wt
% 以下、Ａｌ 2 Ｏ 3 を３．５〜４．５wt%の範囲で含有
する複合粉末またはその圧粉成形体からなることを特徴
とする脱臭剤。(1) Fe 2 O 3 as a main component in an amount of 15 wt% or less.
Lower, less 30 wt% of Ca compound, 25～35Wt a SO 3
% Or less, containing Al 2 O 3 in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 wt%
A deodorant comprising a composite powder or a compact thereof.
排水にカルシウム塩を添加してｐＨ調整することにより
重金属を含む中和澱物を生成させ、これを脱水、乾燥し
て粉末化し、または得られた粉末をさらに圧粉成形する
ことによって、主成分としてＦｅ 2 Ｏ 3 を１５wt% 以
下、Ｃａ化合物を３０wt% 以下、ＳＯ 3 を２５〜３５wt
% 以下、Ａｌ 2 Ｏ 3 を３．５〜４．５wt% の範囲で含有
する複合粉末またはその圧粉成形体からなることを特徴
とする脱臭剤の製造方法。2. A calcium salt is added to a metal mine spring or drainage containing heavy metal ions to adjust the pH to produce a neutralized precipitate containing heavy metal, which is dehydrated, dried and powdered or obtained. The obtained powder is further compacted, so that Fe 2 O 3 as a main component is 15 wt% or less.
Below, 30 wt% or less of Ca compound and 25-35 wt% of SO 3
% Or less, containing Al 2 O 3 in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 wt%.
A method for producing a deodorant, characterized by comprising a composite powder or a green compact thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3194861A JP2581656B2 (en) | 1991-07-09 | 1991-07-09 | Deodorant and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3194861A JP2581656B2 (en) | 1991-07-09 | 1991-07-09 | Deodorant and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0515775A JPH0515775A (en) | 1993-01-26 |
| JP2581656B2 true JP2581656B2 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
Family
ID=16331515
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3194861A Expired - Lifetime JP2581656B2 (en) | 1991-07-09 | 1991-07-09 | Deodorant and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2581656B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE60017380D1 (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2005-02-17 | Kwang-Suk Chung | MULTIPURPOSE ANCHOR CONTAINER WITH FASTENING DEVICE FOR AN ANGELLEINE |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT357985B (en) * | 1976-10-21 | 1980-08-11 | Hoelter Heinz | SORPTIVES FOR REMOVING POLLUTANTS FROM GASES |
| JPS6174629A (en) * | 1984-09-20 | 1986-04-16 | Hiroyuki Tsukimi | Deodorant |
| JPS622846A (en) * | 1985-06-25 | 1987-01-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Flat motor |
| JPS63185445A (en) * | 1987-01-26 | 1988-08-01 | Titan Kogyo Kk | White deodorant and its production |
| JPH02128632A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1990-05-17 | Shinagawa Rozai Kk | Dehydrating and deodorizing agent for excretion of domestic animal |
| JPH02237639A (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1990-09-20 | Rasa Kogyo Kk | Adsorbent |
-
1991
- 1991-07-09 JP JP3194861A patent/JP2581656B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0515775A (en) | 1993-01-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3029841B2 (en) | Composite adsorbent and method for producing the same | |
| Blanchard et al. | Removal of heavy metals from waters by means of natural zeolites | |
| Gupta et al. | Utilisation of bagasse fly ash (a sugar industry waste) for the removal of copper and zinc from wastewater | |
| CN108463445B (en) | Composition comprising chromium-depleted modified red mud and method of making same | |
| US5462693A (en) | Air purifying agent and a process for producing same | |
| US20060182709A1 (en) | Treatment of landfill gas | |
| JP2581656B2 (en) | Deodorant and method for producing the same | |
| JP3091528B2 (en) | Composite adsorbent | |
| JPH03210269A (en) | Deodorizing and germproofing composition | |
| JP3358382B2 (en) | Deodorant | |
| US5603928A (en) | Air purification agent and process for production of same | |
| Solé et al. | Removal of Zn from aqueous solutions by low-rank coal | |
| JP2745424B2 (en) | Deodorant | |
| JP2616819B2 (en) | Deodorant composition | |
| JPH02157039A (en) | Deodorant | |
| JP2701062B2 (en) | Composite adsorbent | |
| JP2647756B2 (en) | Method for producing composition having air cleaning power | |
| JPH09262273A (en) | Adsorbing remover of sulfur compound | |
| JPH01203040A (en) | Adsorbent and manufacture thereof | |
| JPH08332384A (en) | Catalyst for decomposition of exhaust gas containing noxious organic compound, and exhaust gas treatment | |
| JPH01155857A (en) | Deodorizing composition | |
| Carvalho et al. | The removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous effluents by modified clays: retention of Cd (II) and Ni (II) ions | |
| JPH08206432A (en) | Gas treatment method and gas treatment agent | |
| JPH09308830A (en) | Agent for removing acidic gas and basic gas | |
| JP2782740B2 (en) | Method for producing deodorant |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20071121 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20071121 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20071121 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20081121 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20091121 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20091121 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101121 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111121 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term | ||
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111121 Year of fee payment: 15 |