JP2566712B2 - Breathable facility gardening coating - Google Patents
Breathable facility gardening coatingInfo
- Publication number
- JP2566712B2 JP2566712B2 JP4272714A JP27271492A JP2566712B2 JP 2566712 B2 JP2566712 B2 JP 2566712B2 JP 4272714 A JP4272714 A JP 4272714A JP 27271492 A JP27271492 A JP 27271492A JP 2566712 B2 JP2566712 B2 JP 2566712B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transparent synthetic
- breathable
- synthetic resin
- covering material
- mesh sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、農業用のハウス、トン
ネル等の施設を用いて農作物、園芸用植物などの栽培を
行う際に使用する被覆材に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a covering material used when cultivating agricultural crops, horticultural plants and the like using facilities such as greenhouses and tunnels for agriculture.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、農業用施設を用いた葉茎菜類の
栽培には、風雨を避けること、通気性が良いこと、散乱
光が多いことなどが必要とされている。2. Description of the Related Art In general, cultivation of leafy vegetables using an agricultural facility is required to avoid wind and rain, have good air permeability, and have a large amount of scattered light.
【０００３】雨を避けるには、従来の農業用ビニルフィ
ルム等で十分であるが、これで全体を覆うと通気性が悪
くなるので、施設の上部のみを農業用ビニルフィルムで
覆い、施設の横部は開放した状態で栽培する方法が広く
行われている。しかし、この場合、開放部からの害虫の
侵入による虫害の発生が問題となる。Conventional agricultural vinyl films and the like are sufficient for avoiding rain, but if the whole is covered with this, the air permeability will deteriorate, so only the upper part of the facility will be covered with the agricultural vinyl film and the side of the facility will be covered. The method of cultivating the part in an open state is widely used. However, in this case, the occurrence of insect damage due to invasion of insect pests from the open part becomes a problem.
【０００４】また、施設内の散乱光を増加するため種々
の工夫が提案されているが、光線透過率を高く維持した
まま散乱光を増加することは、従来の農業用ビニルフィ
ルム等の被覆材では達成できないなどの問題点を有して
いる。[0004] Various measures have been proposed to increase the scattered light in the facility. However, increasing the scattered light while keeping the light transmittance high is a conventional covering material such as a vinyl film for agriculture. However, there are some problems that cannot be achieved in.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記の問題
点に着目してなされたもので、風雨を避けると共に、通
気性が良好で散乱光が多く、害虫の侵入を阻止できる通
気性施設園芸用被覆材を提供することを課題とする。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is a ventilation facility capable of avoiding wind and rain, good ventilation, and a large amount of scattered light, which can prevent invasion of harmful insects. An object is to provide a covering material for gardening.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記の課題を達成するた
め、本発明は、透明合成繊維からなる糸条により構成さ
れた網目状シートに、該糸条より低い融点を有しかつ高
周波融着性を有する透明合成樹脂を付着させ、孔の径が
０．１ｍｍ以上で、孔の面積が０．０１〜１．０mm2 の
範囲にある通気孔を網目状に形成してなることを特徴と
する。ここで、孔の径とは、孔に内接する円の直径とす
る。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a mesh sheet composed of yarns made of transparent synthetic fiber, which has a melting point lower than that of the yarns and high-frequency fusion bonding. A transparent synthetic resin having a property is attached to form a mesh-like ventilation hole having a hole diameter of 0.1 mm or more and an area of 0.01 to 1.0 mm 2. To do. Here, the diameter of the hole is the diameter of a circle inscribed in the hole.
【０００７】透明合成樹脂層は、軟質塩化ビニル系樹脂
からなることが好ましい（請求項２）。The transparent synthetic resin layer is preferably made of a soft vinyl chloride resin (claim 2).
【０００８】透明合成繊維からなる糸条がポリエステル
繊維からなることが好ましい（請求項３）。It is preferable that the yarn made of transparent synthetic fiber is made of polyester fiber.
【０００９】透明合成繊維からなる糸条の繊度は、１０
０〜２０００デニールの範囲であることが好ましい（請
求項４）。The fineness of the yarn made of transparent synthetic fiber is 10
It is preferably in the range of 0 to 2000 denier (claim 4).
【００１０】透明合成樹脂層の付着量は、網目状シート
に対し３０〜２００重量％の範囲であることが好ましい
（請求項５）。The amount of the transparent synthetic resin layer deposited is preferably in the range of 30 to 200% by weight with respect to the mesh sheet (claim 5).
【００１１】透明合成繊維からなる糸条は、モノフィラ
メント、マルチフィラメント、スパン糸のいずれでもよ
く、高周波または熱による融着性を有しないものであれ
ば、とくに制限はないが、ポリエステルのマルチフィラ
メントが好ましい。また、透明である必要があるが、透
明性を損なわない程度に少量の染料、顔料等を含有した
ものでもよい。The yarn made of transparent synthetic fiber may be a monofilament, a multifilament or a spun yarn and is not particularly limited as long as it has no fusion property by high frequency or heat. preferable. Further, the material must be transparent, but may contain a small amount of a dye or pigment so as not to impair the transparency.
【００１２】マルチフィラメントを構成する単糸数は、
デニール当たり０．０４〜０．４本が好ましい。網目状
シートとしては、透明合成繊維のフィラメント糸を織成
して平織、模紗織、からみ織、もじり織等の組織の織物
に形成したものが好適である。The number of single yarns constituting the multifilament is
0.04-0.4 per denier is preferable. As the mesh sheet, one obtained by weaving filament yarn of transparent synthetic fiber into a woven fabric having a structure such as plain weave, imitation weave, leno weave, and woven fabric is suitable.
【００１３】網目状シートを被覆する透明合成樹脂層
は、基材とする網目状シートよりも１０°Ｃ以上低い軟
化点を有し、かつ高周波融着性の有るものであればとく
に制限はないが、軟質ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂が好まし
い。The transparent synthetic resin layer covering the mesh sheet is not particularly limited as long as it has a softening point lower by 10 ° C. or more than that of the mesh sheet as the base material and has high frequency fusion property. However, a soft polyvinyl chloride resin is preferable.
【００１４】網目状シートを被覆する透明合成樹脂層を
形成する方法は、とくに制限されるものではないが、軟
質ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂の場合は、プラスチゾルまたは
オルガノゾルあるいはエマルジョンとして網目状シート
に付着させた後、加熱してゲル化することにより被覆層
を形成する方法が好ましい。The method for forming the transparent synthetic resin layer for covering the mesh sheet is not particularly limited, but in the case of the soft polyvinyl chloride resin, it is applied to the mesh sheet as plastisol, organosol or emulsion. After that, a method of forming a coating layer by heating and gelling is preferable.
【００１５】透明合成樹脂層の付着量は、網目状シート
に対して３０〜２００％（対網目状シート重量）とする
のが好ましい。３０％より少ないと網目状シートが露出
する場合があり、撥水性が悪化するなどの障害が生じる
ことがある。また、２００％より多いと網目が詰まり、
所定の大きさの通気孔を形成することが困難となり、通
気性を損なうおそれが生じる。The amount of the transparent synthetic resin layer deposited is preferably 30 to 200% (weight of the mesh sheet) relative to the mesh sheet. If it is less than 30%, the mesh sheet may be exposed, which may cause problems such as deterioration of water repellency. If it is more than 200%, the mesh will be clogged,
It becomes difficult to form a ventilation hole having a predetermined size, which may impair the air permeability.
【００１６】網目状の通気孔の大きさは、孔の径が０．
１mm以上で、孔の面積が０．０１〜１．０mm2 の範囲に
あることが必要で、孔の径が０．１mmより小さくなると
通気性が阻害され、孔の面積が０．０１mm2 より小さく
なると、これまた通気性が悪化し、孔の面積が１．０mm
2 より大きくなると、雨の浸入や害虫の侵入を阻止する
ことが困難になるなどの不都合が生じる場合がある。The size of the mesh-like ventilation holes is such that the diameter of the holes is 0.
It is necessary that the area of the hole is 0.01 to 1.0 mm 2 in the range of 1 mm or more. If the diameter of the hole is smaller than 0.1 mm, the air permeability is impaired, and the area of the hole is less than 0.01 mm 2 . As the size gets smaller, the air permeability also deteriorates and the hole area becomes 1.0 mm.
If it is larger than 2 , inconveniences such as difficulty in preventing rain infiltration and pest invasion may occur.
【００１７】透明合成樹脂層を形成する合成樹脂に撥水
剤を含有させてもよく、たとえば、撥水剤として、シリ
コーン系あるいはフッ素系の、通常の合成樹脂用に使用
されているものを用いればよい。撥水剤は、透明合成樹
脂層を形成する合成樹脂の製造工程において、合成樹脂
に添加して含有させてもよいし、網目状シートに付着さ
せる工程の終了後、スプレー法、含浸法、グラビア法等
によりその表面に付着させてもよい。The synthetic resin forming the transparent synthetic resin layer may contain a water-repellent agent. For example, as the water-repellent agent, a silicone-based or fluorine-based one generally used for synthetic resins may be used. Good. The water repellent may be added to the synthetic resin to be contained in the synthetic resin manufacturing process for forming the transparent synthetic resin layer, or after the step of adhering it to the mesh sheet is completed, a spray method, an impregnation method, or a gravure method is used. You may make it adhere to the surface by the method etc.
【００１８】また、保温効果を高めるため、透明合成樹
脂層を形成する合成樹脂に、その透明性を阻害しない程
度に適度な量の発泡剤を添加し、透明合成繊維の糸条に
対して発泡合成樹脂層を形成してもよい。Further, in order to enhance the heat retaining effect, a proper amount of a foaming agent is added to the synthetic resin forming the transparent synthetic resin layer so as not to impair its transparency, and the transparent synthetic fiber yarn is foamed. You may form a synthetic resin layer.
【００１９】[0019]
【作用】本発明の通気性施設園芸用被覆材は、透明合成
繊維からなる糸条により構成された網目状シートに、該
糸条より低い融点を有しかつ高周波融着性を有する透明
合成樹脂を付着させ、孔の径が０．１ｍｍ以上で、孔の
面積が０．０１〜１．０mm2 の範囲にある通気孔を網目
状に形成しているため、これを用いて栽培用ハウス全体
を覆うことにより、雨を防ぐと共に通気性が確保され、
しかも害虫の侵入が阻止できるので虫害の無い良好な栽
培環境を作ることが可能となる。また、透明合成繊維か
らなる糸条に透明合成樹脂層を形成しているため、ハウ
ス内の散乱光が多くなり栽培植物の成育が向上する。The breathable facility horticultural covering of the present invention is a transparent synthetic resin having a high melting point and a melting point lower than that of a mesh sheet made of a yarn made of a transparent synthetic fiber. Since the vent holes having a diameter of 0.1 mm or more and an area of the holes of 0.01 to 1.0 mm 2 are formed in a mesh shape, the whole cultivation house is used. By covering the, it prevents rain and ensures breathability,
Moreover, since the invasion of pests can be prevented, it is possible to create a good cultivation environment free from insect damage. Further, since the transparent synthetic resin layer is formed on the yarn made of the transparent synthetic fiber, the scattered light in the house is increased and the growth of the cultivated plant is improved.
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例】ポリエステルマルチフィラメント糸（２５０
ｄ、単糸数４８本）をそれぞれ経糸、緯糸に用い、目付
量５５ｇ／ｍ2 、糸間隙０．６mmの平織を織成し、網目
状シートを作成した。この網目状シートに、下記組成の
ポリ塩化ビニルプラスチゾルを、固形分としての付着量
が１３６％（対網目状シート重量）となるように含浸付
着させ、溶融ゲル化して、図１に示すような通気性施設
園芸用被覆材Ａを得た。 記 ポリ塩化ビニル １００重量部 ジオクチルフタレート ６０重量部 エポキシ樹脂 ３重量部 Ｂａ−Ｚｎ系安定剤 ４重量部 ベンゾトリアゾール誘導体（紫外線吸収剤） ０．２重量部 フッ素系界面活性剤 ０．１重量部Example: Polyester multifilament yarn (250
d, the number of single yarns was 48) for warp and weft, respectively, and plain weave with a basis weight of 55 g / m 2 and a yarn gap of 0.6 mm was woven to form a mesh sheet. To this mesh sheet, polyvinyl chloride plastisol having the following composition was impregnated and adhered so that the amount of solid matter adhered was 136% (relative to the mesh sheet weight), melted and gelled, and as shown in FIG. A breathable facility gardening coating material A was obtained. Polyvinyl chloride 100 parts by weight Dioctyl phthalate 60 parts by weight Epoxy resin 3 parts by weight Ba-Zn stabilizer 4 parts by weight Benzotriazole derivative (ultraviolet absorber) 0.2 part by weight Fluorine surfactant 0.1 part by weight
【００２１】得られた通気性施設園芸用被覆材Ａは、網
目状シート１の周囲に透明合成樹脂２が付着して、通気
孔３が網目状に形成されている。通気孔の径ｐの平均値
は０．６mmで、通気孔の面積の平均値は０．３６mm2 で
あった。この通気性施設園芸用被覆材Ａを用いて次のよ
うな栽培試験を行った。 栽培作物 雪菜 栽培期間 平成４年７月２３日〜平成４年８月２０日 栽培場所 宮城県名取市杉ケ袋字懸向 栽培方法 ハウスの形態 上記の通気性施設園芸用被覆材を全面に展張したハウス 間口３．５ｍ×奥行５２ｍ 灌水頻度 播種時一度のみ 農薬散布 殺虫剤を播種前に一度散布、殺菌剤は１０日に一度散布 播種日 平成４年７月２３日 播種方法 すじまき 結果 収穫日 播種より２８日目（平成４年８月２０日） 収穫量 １１２０束 収穫物の品質 丈 平均３２．２ｃｍ、 最小３０ｃｍ、最大３４ｃｍ 重量 平均７２．７ｇ、 最小６９ｇ、最大７９ｇ 虫害 なしThe resulting breathable facility horticultural covering A has a mesh sheet 1 around which a transparent synthetic resin 2 is attached, and ventilation holes 3 are formed in a mesh shape. The average value of the diameter p of the ventilation hole was 0.6 mm, and the average value of the area of the ventilation hole was 0.36 mm 2 . The following cultivation test was carried out using this breathable facility horticultural covering material A. Cultivated crops Yukina Cultivation period July 23, 1992-August 20, 1992 Cultivation location Sugigabukuro-suspended cultivation method, Natori City, Miyagi Prefecture Form of house House of the above-mentioned breathable facility The horticultural covering was spread over the entire surface. House frontage 3.5m x depth 52m Irrigation frequency Only once when sowing Pesticide spraying Spraying insecticide once before sowing, spraying fungicide once every 10 days Seeding date July 23, 1992 Seeding method Harvesting date Harvesting date Seeding From the 28th day (August 20, 1992) Harvest amount 1120 bundles Quality of harvest Length average 32.2 cm, minimum 30 cm, maximum 34 cm Weight average 72.7 g, minimum 69 g, maximum 79 g No insect damage
【００２２】比較例として、従来一般的に行われている
方法による次のような栽培試験を行った。 栽培作物 雪菜 栽培期間 平成４年７月２３日〜平成４年８月２７日 栽培場所 宮城県名取市杉ケ袋字懸向 栽培方法 ハウスの形態 一般の農業用ビニルシートを屋根部分に展張したハウス 間口３．５ｍ×奥行５２ｍ 全面展張すると高温障害を起こすため、換気する目的で 両サイドを開放 灌水頻度 週一回 農薬散布 殺虫剤、殺菌剤とも３日に一度散布 播種日 平成４年７月２３日 播種方法 すじまき 結果 収穫日 成育にばらつきがあり一度に収穫できず、播種より３０ 日目から３５日目にかけて成育したものから収穫 収穫量 収穫日 ３０日目 ３１日目 ３２日目 ３３日目 収穫量 ２０１束 ２５８束 １５２束 ８４束 収穫日 ３４日目 ３５日目 合計 収穫量 ５４束 ５１束 ８００束 収穫物の品質 丈 平均２８．３ｃｍ、 最小２７ｃｍ、最大３０ｃｍ 重量 平均６２ｇ、 最小５６ｇ、最大６９ｇ 虫害 収穫物全体にコナガの食害がある。As a comparative example, the following cultivation test was carried out by a method generally used in the past. Cultivated crops Yukina Cultivation period July 23, 1992-August 27, 1992 Cultivation location Suspended in Sugigabukuro, Natori City, Miyagi Prefecture Cultivation method House form House frontage with general agricultural vinyl sheet spread on the roof 3.5m x depth 52m High temperature failure will occur if fully expanded, so both sides are opened for the purpose of ventilation Irrigation frequency Once a week Spraying pesticides and fungicides Spraying once every 3 days Seeding date July 23, 1992 Seeding method Line-up result Harvest date Harvested from those grown 30 to 35 days after seeding due to uneven growth, and harvested from harvest day Harvest date 30th day 31st day 32nd day 33rd day Harvest Quantity 201 Bundle 258 Bundle 152 Bundle 84 Bundle Harvest Date 34th Day 35th Total Harvest Amount 54 Bundle 51 Bundle 800 Bundle Harvest Quality Length Average 28.3cm, Minimum 27cm, Maximum 30cm Weight average 62g, minimum 56g, maximum 69g Insect damage There is damage to diamondback moth in the whole harvest.
【００２３】上記の結果から明らかなように、本発明の
通気性施設園芸用被覆材を用いたハウスで栽培した作物
は、従来の農業用ビニルシートを用いたハウスで栽培し
た作物に比較して、その品質および収穫量ともに格段に
優れている。As is clear from the above results, the crops cultivated in the greenhouse using the covering material for a permeable garden of the present invention are compared with the crops cultivated in the conventional greenhouse vinyl sheet. , Its quality and yield are outstanding.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の通気性施設園芸用被覆材は、こ
れを用いて全体を覆うハウス等の農業施設を形成するこ
とにより、雨よけと通風が両立すると共に、虫害の無い
栽培環境を確立することができ、さらに散乱光が豊富な
ため、各種植物の栽培に有効であり、とくに葉茎菜類の
栽培に好適である。また、ハウス等の一部に用いること
により適度な通風が得られ、栽培環境の調整に役立つな
どの利点を有する。EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The breathable facility horticultural covering material of the present invention is used to form an agricultural facility such as a house which covers the whole, thereby achieving both rain protection and ventilation and a cultivation environment free from insect damage. Since it is possible to do so and the scattered light is abundant, it is effective for cultivating various plants, and particularly suitable for cultivating leafy rape. In addition, when used in a part of a house or the like, it has an advantage that proper ventilation can be obtained and it is useful for adjusting the cultivation environment.
【図１】本発明の実施例を示す通気性施設園芸用被覆材
の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a horticultural covering material for air-permeable facilities showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Ａ 通気性施設園芸用被覆材 １ 網目状シート ２ 透明合成樹脂 ３ 通気孔 A Breathable facility Horticulture covering material 1 Mesh sheet 2 Transparent synthetic resin 3 Vent hole
Claims (5)
れた網目状シートに、該糸条より低い融点を有しかつ高
周波融着性を有する透明合成樹脂を付着させ、孔の径が
０．１ｍｍ以上で、孔の面積が０．０１〜１．０mm2 の
範囲にある通気孔を網目状に形成してなることを特徴と
する通気性施設園芸用被覆材。1. A transparent synthetic resin having a melting point lower than that of the yarn and having a high-frequency fusion property is attached to a mesh sheet made of a yarn made of transparent synthetic fiber, and the diameter of the pores is 0. A breathable facility horticultural covering material, characterized in that the vent holes are formed in a mesh shape and have an area of 0.01 to 1.0 mm 2 in a range of 1 mm or more.
からなる請求項１の通気性施設園芸用被覆材。2. The breathable covering material for horticulture according to claim 1, wherein the transparent synthetic resin layer is made of a soft vinyl chloride resin.
ル繊維からなる請求項１または請求項２の通気性施設園
芸用被覆材。3. The breathable facility horticultural covering material according to claim 1, wherein the yarn made of transparent synthetic fiber is made of polyester fiber.
０〜２０００デニールの範囲である請求項１の通気性施
設園芸用被覆材。4. The fineness of the yarn made of transparent synthetic fiber is 10.
The breathable facility horticultural coating material according to claim 1, which is in the range of 0 to 2000 denier.
に対し３０〜２００重量％の範囲である請求項１の通気
性施設園芸用被覆材。5. The breathable covering material for horticulture according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the transparent synthetic resin layer attached is in the range of 30 to 200% by weight based on the mesh sheet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4272714A JP2566712B2 (en) | 1992-10-12 | 1992-10-12 | Breathable facility gardening coating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4272714A JP2566712B2 (en) | 1992-10-12 | 1992-10-12 | Breathable facility gardening coating |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06121625A JPH06121625A (en) | 1994-05-06 |
| JP2566712B2 true JP2566712B2 (en) | 1996-12-25 |
Family
ID=17517768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4272714A Expired - Fee Related JP2566712B2 (en) | 1992-10-12 | 1992-10-12 | Breathable facility gardening coating |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2566712B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101272038B1 (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2013-06-07 | 최민석 | Well covering non-woven for cultivating pesticide-free produce |
-
1992
- 1992-10-12 JP JP4272714A patent/JP2566712B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06121625A (en) | 1994-05-06 |
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