JP2558948Y2 - Lighting equipment for optical equipment - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical apparatus having a light source, a focusing lens disposed in front of the light source and housed in a frame, and a concave reflecting mirror disposed behind the light source. In particular, it relates to a lighting device for a microscope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A pamphlet of the present applicant, "Microscope illumination device, lamp, flash device (Leuchten, Lampen,
Blitzgeraete fuer Mikroscope) ”(Druckvermerk, AW
-H-XI-81 Noo), a number of illumination devices for microscopes are known. Some of these lighting devices also have a concave mirror located behind the light source. The concave mirror is used to increase the light flux and also to illuminate the object uniformly, by also utilizing the light emitted behind the light source.
The reflector may be fixed relative to the container of the lighting device or may be adjustable.

In order to make optimal use of the light, the reflector should be precisely adjusted with respect to the optical axis of the focusing lens.
For fixed reflectors, this results in significant adjustment costs during manufacture. In cheap lighting systems, this cost is often omitted. As a result, the reflector is not precisely positioned with respect to the optical axis of the focusing lens, so that the light reflected back is only incompletely used for pupil illumination.

Illumination devices with adjustable reflectors have three
It has an adjustment holding mechanism that allows precise adjustment of the reflector in three mutually perpendicular three-dimensional directions. However, the manufacturing cost of such an adjustment and holding mechanism is very high. Due to the provision of such an adjusting and holding mechanism in general for the light source and for the reflector, the lighting device is correspondingly expensive. Further, when the user replaces the light source, there is a possibility that the adjustment of the reflecting mirror may occur. The post-adjustment of the light source and the reflector required in that case is quite expensive and causes some demands on the user, since the light source and the reflector have a total of six independent degrees of freedom. .

From German Utility Model Registration No. 1973675, for an optical device having an adjustable focusing lens and a plurality of cutouts into which a frame with a light source or a frame with a reflector can be fitted. Lamp casings are known. The reflector is fixed on its rear side to the associated receiving frame. Even in this lamp casing, accurate position adjustment of the reflecting mirror with respect to the focusing lens optical axis is not guaranteed, on the other hand, the optical axis position of the focusing lens in the lamp casing depends on the adjustment position of the focusing lens itself, and This is because the back of the mirror is not parallel to the reflecting front, especially in the case of inexpensive mirrors.
Therefore, if the position of the reflecting mirror is to be determined relative to the end face of the mirror frame, it is necessary to individually adapt the mirror frame to the mirror to be received.

[0006]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the reflecting mirror is accurately arranged with respect to the optical axis of the focusing lens, is simple in manufacturing technology, and can be easily adjusted by the user. It was to provide a lighting device of the type described.

[0007]

An object of the present invention is to provide a lighting device of the type described at the beginning, wherein a receiving portion is provided on the frame, and the concave portion of the reflecting mirror is in contact with the receiving portion. Is solved by

The lighting device according to the invention has only one frame, on the one hand, which houses the focusing lens and, on the other hand, also the reflector. The relative position of the reflector with respect to the optical axis of the focusing lens and the distance from the focusing lens to the reflector are also determined by the frame. Also, since the reflecting mirror is in contact with the receiving portion provided on the frame at its reflecting front, the position of the reflecting mirror is independent of whether the back of the mirror is parallel to the reflecting front, Obviously decided.

If the reflecting surface of the reflector is spherical, special manufacturing and adjustment technical characteristics of the lighting device according to the invention are provided. In that case, the movement of the reflector on the receiving part has no effect on the optical adjustment, and the center of curvature always lies on the optical axis of the focusing lens. A particularly suitable receiving part for a spherical reflector is a three-point arrangement or a ring-shaped notch segment. If the receiving part is a ring-shaped notch segment, the center of the ring-shaped notch segment lies on the optical axis of the focusing lens.

The dimensions of the frame should be chosen such that the distance between the focusing lens and the reflector corresponds to the sum of the focal length of the focusing lens and the radius of curvature of the reflector. Furthermore, the light source should be located at the center of curvature of the reflector. In that case, the reflector mirrors the light source on the light source itself at an imaging magnification of 1: 1 and the focusing lens simultaneously forms the light source and the image reflected behind the light source at infinity.

Advantageously, the focusing lens and the reflector are fixed, that is to say non-adjustable in or on the frame, and only the light source is adjustable in three mutually perpendicular coordinate directions. The best use of the light source intensity and the even illumination of the pupil on the illuminating side of the optics are guaranteed only by adjusting the light source. The misalignment of the reflector and the focusing lens with respect to each other is eliminated. Furthermore, the savings in adjusting and holding mechanisms for the reflector and the focusing lens significantly reduce the manufacturing costs of the lighting device.

Suitable light sources include halogen lamps and discharge lamps. If a halogen lamp is used and the incandescent filament of the lamp is wound so as to have a substantially square emission plane, a particularly uniform illumination of the pupil of the optical device is ensured.

The frame should be made of metal for good extraction of the heat radiated from the light source, especially when using halogen lamps. Such metal frames are
It can be manufactured simply and still by injection molding with sufficient alignment of the receiving part of the reflector and the focusing lens. In that case, lathing and milling, which are expensive to manufacture, are not required.

The reflector can be easily fixed to a predetermined receiving part by a spring.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

The illumination apparatus for a microscope shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a frame 2, in which a focusing lens 3 having a two-plate lens configuration including an aspherical lens 3a and a spherical lens 3b is accommodated. . The aspheric lens 3a is
In contact with the stopper 2a. Two focusing lenses 3a,
A constant spacing between 3b is ensured by the ring-shaped spacer 19. To fix the focusing lens 3 in the frame 2, a connecting tube piece 4 is screwed to the frame 2.
A spring ring 9 is provided between the converging lens 3 and the connecting pipe piece 4 to adjust a constant stress between the converging lens 3 and the frame 2 or the connecting pipe piece 4. The connecting tube piece 4 is used at the same time to fix the microscope illumination device to a ring-shaped tail-shaped connecting part of a microscope table (not shown). The connecting piece 4 and the frame 2 are manufactured after the microscope illuminating device is fixed to the microscope table, and are aligned so that the optical axis 5 of the focusing lens 3 coincides with the optical axis of the illumination optical path of the microscope table. ing.

Behind the focusing lens 3, the frame 2 extends as two tube segments 6a, 6b. These tube segments are centered on the optical axis 5 of the focusing lens 3. The tube segment is used to house the reflector 8, a spherical concave mirror. for that reason,
Each of the tube segments 6a, 6b is provided with a ring-shaped notch segment 7a, 7b, with which the spherical inner surface 8a of the concave mirror 8 comes into contact. The ring-shaped notch segments 7a, 7b are connected to the respective tube segments 6a,
Like 6b, it is centered on the optical axis 5.

The frame 2, including the tube segments 6a, 6b and the ring-shaped notch segments 7a, 7b, is produced as a structural unit in an injection molding process and is therefore simple and inexpensive in terms of production technology. The unit is a light source 1
It is made of metal in order to extract heat radiated from the lamp casing to a lamp casing (not shown).

In order to mount the reflecting mirror 8, the reflecting inner surface 8 a of the reflecting mirror 8 is cut into a ring-shaped notch segment 7.
a, 7b are simply brought into contact and crimped onto the ring-shaped notch segments 7a, 7b by means of a spring vine 10 and thereby fixed. A ring-shaped notch segment 7a, 7b centered on the optical axis 5 is provided with a reflecting mirror 8 on an inner surface 8a for reflecting the mirror.
, Ensures that the reflector 8 is always adjusted such that its center of curvature is on the optical axis 5. The misalignment of the reflecting mirror 8 is completely eliminated.

The stopper 2a of the frame 2 to which the focusing lens is pressed, and the ring-shaped notch segments 7a, 7b
The distance between the focusing lens 3 and the center of the reflecting mirror 8 corresponds to the sum of the focal length f of the focusing lens 3 and the radius of curvature r of the reflecting mirror 8, ie, the focal point of the focusing lens 3 and the reflecting mirror 8
Are selected such that their centers of curvature coincide. Reflector 8
Of the light source 1, for example, an incandescent filament 1a of a halogen lamp, is formed on the filament itself by the reflecting mirror 8 at an imaging magnification of 1: 1. Next, the focusing lens 3 simultaneously forms an image of the incandescent filament 1a and the reflected incandescent filament at infinity.

For focusing and centering of the light source 1, a lamp base 11 is provided with a support plate 12 belonging to an adjustment holding mechanism.
Is placed on top. With the adjusting and holding mechanism, the light source 1 can be adjusted in three mutually perpendicular three-dimensional directions. This adjusting and holding mechanism has three adjusting knobs 13 to 15 which can be passed through correspondingly arranged holes to reach the lamp casing not shown in FIGS.
The adjustment knob 13 has a screw. Due to the rotation of the screw, the light source 1 moves vertically and horizontally to the optical axis 5. The adjustment knobs 14 and 15 each have an eccentric axis. The height of the light source 1 is adjusted by the rotation of the adjustment knob 15, and the light source 1 along the optical axis of the focusing lens 3 by the rotation of the adjustment knob 14.
Is adjusted.

The microscope illuminator has only these three degrees of freedom in adjustment. Nevertheless, the illumination device allows a bright and sufficiently uniform illumination of the pupil on the illumination side of the microscope, even when using various light sources 1.

The adjustment of the light source 1 is performed in such a manner that the light source 1 is arranged on the focal plane of the focusing lens 3 by first moving the adjustment knob 14. In this case, the image of the light source reflected by the light source 1 and the reflecting mirror 8 is always formed at infinity.

Furthermore, another optimum adjustment, and thus the positioning of the light source in the focal plane of the focusing lens 3, is highly dependent on the shape of the illumination spot of the light source used in each case. In that case, consideration should be given to the reflecting mirror 8 always imaging the light source 1 on the light source itself in the opposite direction.

FIGS. 3A to 3D show the relative positions of the light source and the reflected light source image at the focal plane of the focusing lens when the lamp is adjusted advantageously. The focusing lens optical axes each extend perpendicular to the drawing plane, and
Indicated by

The light sources of FIGS. 3A and 3B each have an incandescent filament 17, 17b, respectively, which produces a substantially square illumination spot. The incandescent filament 17 in FIG. 3A is wound mirror-symmetrically with respect to the optical axis 16. The incandescent filament has an axis of symmetry 1
6 is adjusted so as to intersect with the optical axis 5. Further, a reflected image 17a of the filament 17 indicated by a dot
Illuminates the gap of the filament 17 exactly, so that the plane surrounded by the filament 17 is illuminated almost uniformly.

The incandescent filament 17b in FIG. 3B has a sawtooth shape. The incandescent filament 17b is adjusted so that the interval between the central axis 16b of the filament 17b and the optical axis 5 corresponds to １ ／ of the winding interval l. Also in this case, the image 17c of the filament indicated by a dot
Also illuminates the gap of the filament 17b. The filament 17b and the filament image 17c also
This produces a square, nearly uniformly illuminated illumination spot.

The filament 17d shown in FIG.
Produces an approximately rectangular illumination spot. The filament is advantageously adjusted so that its upper or lower end is located at the level of the optical axis 5. In that case, filament 1
The reflected image 17e of 7d is located just above or below the filament, and thus again produces a square, nearly uniformly illuminated illumination spot of the filament 17d and the image 17e of the filament.

The adjustment of the arc 18 of the discharge lamp is performed in the same manner as the adjustment of the filament 17d in FIG. 3C. However, as shown in FIG. 3D, the arc 18 is shifted to the side of the optical axis 5 and adjusted. Again, arc 1
8 and the reflected image 18a of the arc 18 result in a substantially square, uniformly illuminated illumination spot.

Indeed, the present invention has been described with reference to the microscope lamp shown in the drawings. However, the lighting device according to the invention can be used in any optical device, for example a projector, where bright, uniform illumination of the pupil on the lighting side is advantageous.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lighting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the lighting device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows the illuminated part at the focal plane of the focusing lens when using various filament forms or discharge lamps.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 light source, 2 frames, 3 focusing lens, 5
Optical axis, 7 Receiving part, 8 Reflector, 10 Spring

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-54-9337 (JP, A) JP-A-3-111806 (JP, A) JP-A-62-216101 (JP, A) 119808 (JP, U) JP-B 37-10291 (JP, B1)

Claims (7)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. An illumination apparatus for an optical device, comprising: a light source; a focusing lens disposed in front of the light source and housed in a frame; and a concave reflecting mirror disposed behind the light source. An illumination device for an optical device, wherein a receiving portion (7a, 7b) is provided in 2), and a concave mirror surface (8a) of a reflecting mirror (8) is in contact with the receiving portion. 2. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting mirror surface is a spherical surface. 3. The receiving part (7a, 7b) is a ring-shaped notch segment, and the center of the ring-shaped notch segment is on the optical axis (5) of the focusing lens (3). Lighting equipment. 4. The focusing lens (3) and the reflecting mirror (8) are spaced apart from each other by a distance corresponding to the sum of the focal length (f) of the focusing lens and the radius of curvature (r) of the reflecting mirror (8). The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the lighting device is arranged. 5. The lighting device according to claim 4, wherein the light source is disposed at a center of curvature of the reflecting mirror. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the focusing lens and the reflecting mirror are fixed, and only the light source is adjustable in three mutually perpendicular directions. The lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims. 7. Any one of 1 to 6 wherein the reflector (8) is fixed to the frame (2) by a spring (10).
The lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims.