JP2552278Y2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus including a plurality of compressors connected in parallel.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 7 is a system diagram of a conventional refrigeration system having two compressors connected in parallel, and is shown as an example of a refrigeration system having a plurality of compressors. In the drawing, 1 and 2 are compressors, and 11 is a compressor which separates refrigerating machine oil accompanying refrigerant gas sent from these compressors.
An oil separator for returning to 1 and 2, a condenser 12 for condensing and liquefying the refrigerant gas, 13 an expansion valve for decompressing and expanding the refrigeration liquid, and 14 an evaporator for evaporating and evaporating the refrigerant, which are sequentially connected and configured. ing. The solid arrows in the figure indicate the flow of the refrigerant, and the broken arrows indicate the flow of the refrigerating machine oil.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the compressor in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of the compressor. In the drawing, 1b and 2b are oil equalizing ports provided on the side surfaces of the compressors 1 and 2, and are provided at positions where the distance between the pair of oil equalizing ports is shortest on the side surfaces of the pair of compressors. . Reference numeral 7 denotes an oil equalizing pipe connecting the oil equalizing ports 1b and 2b. The oil level of the compressors 1 and 2 is always maintained at the same level through the oil equalizing pipe 7.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

When the above-mentioned conventional refrigeration system is mounted on a ship or the like,
Due to the rocking of the ship, as shown in Fig. 10, the compressors 1, 2
Is inclined so as to be represented by the angle θ, and the refrigerating machine oil moves to one of the compressors 2 via the oil equalizing pipe 7, resulting in a shortage of the oil amount of the other compressor 1, which causes a failure of the compressor. There were difficulties.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, and when the compressors are in a normal posture, the oil levels of the compressors connected in parallel are kept at the same level, and even if the compressors are inclined, the compressors are compressed. It is intended to provide means for ensuring the required oil amount of the machine.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention has solved the above-mentioned problem, and in a refrigeration system including a plurality of compressors connected in parallel, a refrigeration system is provided on a line connecting the centers of the compressors or in a range surrounded by the lines. An oil leveling port is provided near the position farthest from any point and at the level of the oil level corresponding to the minimum required amount of refrigerating machine oil in each compressor or higher. The present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus characterized in that the compressors are connected to each other by an oil pipe.

[Action]

Since the present invention has the above configuration, even when the amount of the refrigerating machine oil returning to each compressor is not properly distributed, when each compressor is in the normal posture of the same level, each compressor is connected via the oil equalizing pipe. Is maintained at the same level that satisfies the required amount of oil as before.

When the compressor is tilted due to rocking of a ship or the like, the refrigerating machine oil flows out of one of the compressors tilted upward into the other compressor tilted downward, and the oil level of the upper compressor is equalized with the oil level. At this point, the oil spill stops. Even in this state, the oil level of each compressor is maintained at a level that satisfies the required oil amount. The reason is as follows.

When the compressor is in the normal upright position, the minimum required oil level of the refrigerating machine oil in the compressor is the surface orthogonal to the side wall of the compressor. It is provided at the position of the oil level of the required oil amount in the posture or at a position higher than that. As the oil level of the required oil amount of the compressor when the compressor is inclined, it is assumed that the oil level is equivalent to the required oil amount when the compressor is upright and is horizontal in the inclined compressor. can do. The side wall of the compressor gradually inclines with respect to the oil level corresponding to the required oil amount at the time of the inclining while the compressor inclines. The oil leveling port of the compressor inclined upward is provided on the side farther from the compressor tilted downward, so in the process of tilting, the oil leveling port of the compressor on the upper side is provided. The side wall on the side moves upward relative to the oil level corresponding to the required oil amount at the time of the inclination. As a result, the leveling port is located above the oil level corresponding to the required oil amount at the time of the inclination. The actual oil level when the outflow stops at the time of incline is a horizontal plane at the level of the leveling port, so the actual oil level at the time of the outflow stop is higher than the oil level corresponding to the required oil amount at the time of the incline. That is, at the time of the inclination, the actual oil amount in the compressor inclined upward is secured to be larger than the required oil amount. By properly setting the total oil amount in consideration of the oil amount of each compressor at the time of tilting, the required oil amount is secured for the oil amount of the compressor tilted downward.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the compressor. In the figure,
1 and 2 are compressors connected in parallel, 1a and 2a are oil equalizing ports, and 7 is an oil equalizing pipe connecting the same pair of oil equalizing ports. The other parts are the same as in the prior art.

In this embodiment, the positions of the holes of the oil equalizing ports 1a and 2a are equal to or more than the minimum required amount of refrigerating machine oil in the compressors 1 and 2 (hereinafter referred to as required oil amount) in the height direction. Is located at an oil level corresponding to a large amount, and in this example, is formed at an oil level of a required oil amount indicated by a broken line. As another example of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, when a squeeze pipe 21 or the like penetrating into the compressor 1 is provided as shown in FIG. It corresponds to the mouth.

The positions of the oil equalizing ports in the plan view are positions A and B where the extension of the line connecting the centers of the two compressors 1 and 2 intersects the side surface of each compressor opposite to the opposing surface. That is, it is provided at a position where the distance between the oil equalizing ports 1a and 2a is maximum. The oil equalizing ports 1a and 2a are connected by an oil equalizing pipe 7, whereby the compressor 1 and the compressor 2 communicate with each other.

In the compressor having the above configuration, even if the amount of oil returning from the oil separator or the like to each of the compressors 1 and 2 is not properly distributed, the oil level in each of the compressors 1 and 2 is adjusted via the oil equalizing pipe 7. , Are kept at the same level.

FIG. 4 shows that the refrigeration apparatus of the above embodiment is mounted on a ship or the like,
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation when the compressors 1 and 2 are inclined by the swing. In this case, the oil in the compressor 1 overflows from the oil equalizing port 1a and flows out into the compressor 2 through the oil equalizing pipe 7 based on the head difference between the oil levels of the two compressors 1 and 2. When the angle is small, at the time when the head difference becomes 0 (in this case, the oil level of the compressor 1 is higher than the leveling port 1a), when the inclination angle is large, Compressor 1
When the oil level reaches the position of the oil leveling port 1a (in this case, the head difference is larger than 0), the outflow of oil stops.

In FIG. 4, when the compressor is in the normal upright posture, the minimum required oil level of the refrigerating machine oil in the compressor is a surface orthogonal to the side wall 1s of the compressor. This is shown as the required oil level L. The leveling port is provided at or above the oil level L of the required oil amount when the compressor is in the normal upright position (the leveling port in FIG. 4 is for explanation of the principle. At the position of the oil level L). The oil level of the required oil amount of the compressor when the compressor is inclined corresponds to the required oil amount when the compressor is upright,
Further, it is possible to assume a horizontal “oil level M corresponding to the required oil amount at the time of inclination” in the inclined compressor. During the process of tilting the compressor, the side wall 1s of the compressor has an oil level M corresponding to the required oil amount during the tilt.
Gradually inclines against The leveling port of the compressor that is inclined upward is provided on the side farther from the compressor that is tilted downward, and in the course of this tilting, the leveling port of the compressor that is located on the upper side is provided. The side wall 1s on the side moves relatively upward with respect to the oil level M corresponding to the required oil amount at the time of tilting. As a result, the oil equalizing port 1a is located above the oil level M corresponding to the required oil amount at the time of the inclination. Since the actual oil level N when the outflow stops at the time of the inclination is a horizontal plane at the height of the leveling port 1a, the actual oil level N at the time of the outflow stop is the oil level M corresponding to the required oil amount at the time of the inclination. Higher. That is, at the time of the inclination, the actual oil amount in the compressor inclined upward is secured to be larger than the required oil amount. By properly setting the total oil amount in consideration of the oil amount of each compressor at the time of tilting, the required oil amount is secured for the oil amount of the compressor tilted downward.

Therefore, regardless of the inclination angle of the compressors 1 and 2, at least the required amount of oil is ensured in the compressor 1, and the failure of the compressor due to insufficient oil amount is prevented. On the other hand, contrary to FIG. 4, even when the compressors 1 and 2 are inclined to the left ascending, the required oil amount is secured in the compressor 2 as described above. In the state where the left and right sides of the compressors 1 and 2 are not inclined (FIG. 1), the compressors 1 and 2
When the upper part of the compressor 1 is inclined forward or backward, the oil level in both compressors 1 and 2 is at the same level, so that the oil does not move.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which three compressors are connected in parallel. The positions where the oil leveling holes are formed are the same as the conditions described in the first embodiment. First, regarding the height of the oil leveling port, the oil level is provided in the compressors 3, 4, and 5 at the position of the oil level corresponding to the amount equal to or larger than the required oil amount. Regarding the plane position of the oil equalizing ports, the compressor 3 and the compressor 4 are provided at positions C ₃ and D ₅ where the distance between the oil equalizing ports is maximum, respectively, and are connected by the oil equalizing pipe 7. Similarly, the oil equalizing pipes for the compressors 3 and 5 and the compressors 4 and 5 are provided so that the distance between the oil equalizing ports of each pair of compressors is maximized, and are connected by the oil equalizing pipe 7. ing.

Since the present embodiment has the above configuration, each compressor 3,
Reference numerals 4 and 5 are connected to each other via an oil equalizing pipe 7, so that the oil level in each compressor is maintained at the same level. Also when the compressor is inclined, for example, when the compressor 4 is tilted upward than compressors 3 and 5, the oil in the compressor 4 to the oil equalizing port D ₅ from the oil equalizing tube 7 through by the compressor 3 and although each outlet into the oil equalizing port D ₆ from the oil equalizing tube 7 via the compressor 5, the outflow of oil is stopped when the oil level in the compressor 4 has reached the position of oil equalizing port D _6, The required oil amount is secured in the compressor 4. Even if the direction of inclination of the compressor is different, the required oil amount is secured in the compressor inclined upward for the same reason as described above.

In the first embodiment, the position of the oil equalizing port on the plan view is set to the position where the distance between the oil equalizing ports provided in each of the two compressors is the maximum. In the second embodiment, two of the three compressors were paired, and the position of the oil equalizing port provided in each pair was maximized. In a more general expression, these setting criteria are "setting oil leveling ports farthest from any point on a line connecting the centers of the compressors."

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment (FIG. 5), the leveling port of the compressor is determined by the position of the leveling port in relation to each of a pair of opposing compressors. Was provided. In the third embodiment, as shown in the drawing, each compressor is provided with one oil equalizing port, and the oil equalizing pipe is shared.

The leveling port on the plan view of the present embodiment is located farthest from the midpoint of the line connecting the center of the compressor 4 and the center of the compressor 5 with the leveling ports C ₂ , D ₆ , E ₃ is provided. The oil equalizing ports C ₂ , D ₆ , and E ₃ are connected by a common oil equalizing pipe 7 communicating at the point Y, and the same effect as that of the second embodiment is provided.

In the third embodiment, the oil leveling port is provided at a position farthest from the “middle point” of the line connecting the centers of the pair of compressors 4 and 5 as described above, but the middle point is not always required. Alternatively, an “arbitrary point” on a line connecting the centers of the pair of compressors may be used as a base point. In addition, an arbitrary point on a line connecting the centers of the compressors 3 and 4 or an arbitrary point on a line connecting the centers of the compressors 3 and 5 is set as a reference and located at the farthest position of each compressor. A leveling port may be provided. These setting criteria apply the above-mentioned setting criteria.

More generally, an arbitrary point is set as a base point in a triangular “inner area” surrounded by three lines connecting the centers of the above three compressors, and each of the compressors is located at the farthest position from that point. A leveling port may be provided. In other words, if the above-mentioned setting criterion is further generalized, "a leveling port is provided on a line connecting the centers of the compressors or at a position farthest from any point in a range surrounded by the lines." This is a more general setting standard. This setting criterion specifies the most ideal case. Practically, the leveling port setting position may be near the leveling port setting point determined by the above criteria, and the leveling port setting position is not limited unless the compressors are located on surfaces facing each other. The same effect can be obtained even if a slight shift occurs. This setting criterion is applicable even when four or more compressors are used. When the number of compressors is large, it is preferable that the base point is provided within a range surrounded by a line connecting the centers of the compressors.

In the embodiments of the refrigerating apparatuses described above, the oil level in each compressor is held at the same level via the oil equalizing pipe at the time of the normal posture, and at least the inside of each compressor is inclined even when the compressor is inclined. Since the required oil amount is secured, a compressor failure due to insufficient oil amount is prevented.

[Effect of the invention]

In the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention, the minimum required in each compressor is on the line connecting the centers of the compressors, or near the position farthest from any point in the range surrounded by the lines, and in each compressor. An oil equalizing port is provided at the position of the oil level corresponding to the refrigerating machine oil amount or a larger oil amount, and the oil equalizing ports are connected and communicated by the oil equalizing pipe, so that the compressors connected in parallel are connected to each other. The oil level is maintained at the same level, and the required oil amount of each compressor can be secured even when the device is inclined.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the compressor, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the compressor in the above embodiment, FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the above embodiment when tilted, FIG. 5 is a plan view of a compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of a compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. , FIG. 7 is a system diagram of an example of a conventional refrigeration system,
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the compressor of the refrigeration system, FIG. 9 is a plan view of the compressor, and FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the compressor when tilted. 1,2,3,4,5 ... Compressor 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b ... Equalizing port 7 ... Equalizing pipe 11 ... Oil separator 12 ... Condenser 13 ... Expansion valve 14 ... Evaporator

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A refrigeration system having a plurality of compressors connected in parallel, wherein the refrigeration system is located farthest from any point on a line connecting the centers of the compressors or in a range surrounded by the lines. An oil leveling port is provided in the vicinity and at a position on the oil surface corresponding to the minimum required amount of refrigerating machine oil in each compressor or a level larger than that, and each leveling port is connected by a leveling pipe to compress each of the above compressions. A refrigeration system characterized by connecting a machine.