JP2551195B2 - Automatic playing device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an automatic playing device for automatically playing an electronic musical instrument such as a synthesizer.

"Prior Art" In recent years, various devices called sequencers for automatically playing electronic musical instruments have been put into practical use. This sequencer
The performance data is stored in an internal memory in advance, and when the automatic performance starts, the performance data is read out in the order of progress of the music,
This is supplied to the sound source. This performance data
In general, it is a signal according to the MIDI standard, and note-on data for instructing the generation of musical tones and the tempo of music (performance speed)
It is composed of a timing clock and the like for designating.

By the way, such a sequencer can be connected to a MIDI instrument such as a synthesizer via a MIDI terminal. And, slave connection from this sequencer
By changing the timing clock cycle of the performance data supplied to the MIDI instrument, the tempo of the automatic performance can be adjusted. In this case, the tempo can be adjusted according to the beat taken by the performer. For example, when the sequencer is provided with a pedal switch for adjusting tempo, etc., the performer steps on the pedal switch in synchronization with the beat of the music automatically played (hereinafter, this operation is referred to as tap). As a result, the sequencer detects the time when the pedal switch is stepped on (turned on), and changes the cycle of the timing clock each time in accordance with the interval between the previous on time and the current on time.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, in such a conventional sequencer, since the tempo is determined according to the tap interval, if the performer stops the tap, the music also stops, and in the end,
It has the drawback of having to tap on every beat. There was also the drawback that the change in tempo would be unnatural.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an automatic performance device that can obtain a natural tempo even when tapped at an arbitrary beat.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In the invention according to claim 1, the switch means operated to take a beat, and the measurement time from the ON state of the switch means to the next ON state And a adjusting means for changing the tempo of the performance according to the measured time when the measured time is measured, and thereafter maintaining the tempo until a new measured time is measured. It is characterized by doing.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 2, switch means operated for taking a beat, detection means for detecting that the ON-state duration of the switch means has passed a predetermined time, and the detection means. An adjusting means for stopping the performance at the next beat in the performance data according to the detection result of the means.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 3, when the adjusting means temporarily stops and restarts the performance, the adjusting means performs the performance according to the time interval from the ON operation of the switch means to the next ON operation. It is characterized by determining the tempo when restarting.

[Operation] According to the invention described in claim 1, the measuring means measures the measurement time from when the switch means is in the on state to when it is next in the on state, and the adjusting means changes the tempo of the performance according to the time. After that, the tempo is maintained until a new measurement time is measured.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 2, the detecting means detects that the on-state duration time of the switch means has passed a predetermined time, and the adjusting means stops the performance at the next beat in the performance data according to the detection result. Let

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, when the adjusting means temporarily stops and restarts the performance, the performance is restarted according to the time interval from the ON operation of the switch means to the next ON operation. Determine the time tempo.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an automatic performance device according to the present invention. The automatic performance device shown in this figure is connected to the MI interface, which will be described later.
It automatically plays a DI instrument.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a CPU (central processing unit).
This CPU1 executes a program stored in ROM2 (read only memory) to control each part of the device,
It is connected to each part of the device through a bus line. 3 is RA
M (random access memory). This RAM3 is CPU
Various calculation results are written as a work memory of 1, and performance data of MIDI standard is stored in a predetermined area. Reference numeral 4 denotes an operation unit. The operation unit 4 is composed of various panel switches such as a play switch which is pressed at the start of reproduction of performance data (automatic performance), and supplies a signal corresponding to the operated switch to the bus line. Reference numeral 5 denotes a display unit composed of a liquid crystal display device or the like, which displays data supplied from the CPU 1. An external storage device 6 is composed of a disk control circuit, a disk drive circuit, and the like. A tap switch 7 is used to adjust the tempo (performance speed) of automatic performance. The tap switch 7 is provided in the foot pedal and is configured to be turned on when the player depresses the foot pedal, and turned off when returned. In addition, a signal that becomes "H" level in the on state and becomes "L" level in the off state is supplied to the bus line. Reference numeral 8 is an MI which converts parallel performance data supplied from the CPU 1 into serial performance data and outputs it.
It is a DI interface. This MIDI interface 8
Is used when connecting a MIDI instrument. Next, the operation of the automatic musical instrument having such a structure will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

[1] Operation when tap operation is not performed In this case, when the performer operates the play switch of the operation unit 4 after the power is turned on, the CPU 1 detects the signal of the switch and the steps of the main routine shown in FIG. Go to S1.
In step S1, the above-mentioned event in which the play switch is pressed is detected, so the result of this determination is "YES", and the flow advances to step S2. If you proceed to step S2,
CPU1 jumps to the subroutine shown in FIG.
Proceed to. In step SP1, it is determined whether or not the foot pedal is depressed, but since the tap operation is not performed here, the determination result is "NO", and the process proceeds to the next step SP2. Since the tap operation is not performed in step SP2 as in step SP1, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SP3.

In step SP3, processing according to each switch signal of the operation unit 4 is performed. In this case, since the play switch 4 is operated, the process for starting the automatic performance, that is, the address for starting the reading of the performance data and the like are set. Then, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 2 and proceeds to step S3. In step S3, tap on flag TO
It is determined whether N (described later) is "1". Since the tap operation is not performed here, the flag TON is not set to "1", and the determination result is "NO",
Proceed to next step S4. In step S4, it is determined whether the automatic performance stop flag HALT (described later) is "1" and the performance data is at the timing of the next beat. In this case, the automatic performance flag HALT is not set to "1", the determination result is "NO", and the process proceeds to the next step S5.
In step S5, the CPU 1 sequentially reads the performance data stored in the predetermined area of the RAM 3 in the order of progression of the music, and reads it.
Output to a MIDI musical instrument connected via the MIDI interface 8. As a result, the MIDI musical instrument starts playing at a tempo according to the timing clock cycle of the performance data. After that, steps S1, S3, S4, and S5 are repeated until an event is detected, and the automatic performance is continued at a constant tempo.

[2] Operation when tap operation is performed Next, the operation when the tap operation is performed will be described based on operation examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. 4 (a) and 5 (a) are diagrams showing changes in the signal level corresponding to the operation of the tap switch 7. Also, the fourth
FIG. 5B and FIG. 5B are graphs showing the tempo of the performance that changes with each tap operation. In the operation example shown in this figure, first, the tempo of the automatic performance is gradually lowered (Fig. 4), then, after the automatic performance is stopped, the automatic performance is restarted and adjusted to the up tempo. (The fifth
Figure). Hereinafter, description will be given according to this operation example.

Operation when adjusting the tempo In this case, if the performer depresses the foot pedal at an arbitrary beat of the automatically played music (T shown in Fig. 4 (a))
0), a tap-on event occurs, and step S in FIG.
Go to P4. At step SP4, the time T at which the tap-on event occurs is fetched, and the time T ₁ at which the tap-on event was performed last time
And a tap-on interval ΔT is calculated. Then, the tap-on flag TON is set to "1" and the automatic performance stop flag HALT is set to "0", and the next step SP
Go to 5. In step SP5, and updates the time T ₁ to time T described above, the process proceeds to the next step SP6. In step SP6, it is determined whether the tap-on interval ΔT is larger than the break value Tb. The break value Tb is set to, for example, a value of 3 beats (a time of 3 quarter notes). In this case, if three or more beats have elapsed since the foot pedal was last depressed, the result of this determination is "YES", and the processing advances to the next step SP7. At step SP7, the previously set tempo TMP is adopted as the current tempo. Thus, if the tap-on interval ΔT is 3 beats or more,
Assuming that the section was a break, the previous tempo TMP
The performance is maintained and the program returns to the main routine of FIG. This is because the break time is used for tempo calculation and an extremely slow tempo is avoided.

When the foot pedal is released, a tap-off event occurs and the process proceeds to step SP8 in FIG. Step SP8
Then, the tap-on flag TON is set to "0", and the process returns to the main routine of FIG. Next, when there is a tap-on event and then the process returns to step S3, since the tap-on flag TON is set to "1", the determination result is "YES", and the process proceeds to step S6. In step S6,
When the tap is turned on, the difference between the current time and the time T ₁ when the previous tap-on event occurred, that is, the time during which the foot pedal is held down is calculated. It is determined whether it is larger than the stop detection value Ts. The automatic performance stop detection value Ts is set to a time corresponding to 0.8 beats, for example. Here, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the operation when the foot pedal is continuously pressed for 0.8 beat or more and then the foot pedal is returned will be described in detail.

In this case, first, the time that the foot pedal is held down
When the time exceeds 0.8 beats, the determination result in step S6 becomes "YES", the flow proceeds to step S7, and the automatic performance stop flag HALT is set to "1".

Next, in step S4, the automatic performance stop flag HALT
Is "1" and the performance data is at the timing of the next beat. Then, steps S4 → S5 → S1 → S3 → S until the judgment result of step S4 becomes “YES”.
The process of 6 → S7 → S4 → S5 → ... is repeated, and the music is read. Then, at the timing of the next beat, the determination result of step S5 becomes "YES", and the reading of the music is stopped.

Here, steps S4 → S5 → S1 → S3 → S6 → S7 →
When the foot pedal is returned while repeating the process of S4 → S5 → ..., the tap-off event is detected in step S1, and the process of step S1 → FIG. 3 and step SP1 → SP2 → SP8 is followed by the second step. Go to step S3 in the figure. Then, the determination result of step S3 becomes "NO" because the automatic performance stop flag HALT is set to "0" in step SP8 of FIG. 3, and thereafter it becomes "NO", and thereafter steps S4 → S5 → S1 → S3 → S4 → S5 → The process of ... Is repeated and the music is read until the performance data reaches the timing of the next beat.

Then, when the foot pedal is depressed again immediately after the next beat arrives, step S1 in FIG. 2 → step S3 in FIG.
After processing from SP1 to SP4 to SP5, the process proceeds to step SP6. Since the tap-on interval ΔT at this time is within 3 beats, the judgment result of the above-mentioned step SP6 becomes “NO”, and the routine proceeds to step SP9. At step SP9, the above-mentioned tap-on interval ΔT
The new tempo TMP1 is calculated according to.

Hereinafter, this calculation method will be described in detail. First, for example, the time corresponding to 70% of the tap-on interval ΔT is obtained, and the tempo TMP ′ of the beat number corresponding to this is calculated. Next, a new tempo that mixes this tempo TMP ′ with the previous tempo TMP
Calculate TMP1. For example, the tempo TMP 'and the previous tempo TMP are mixed such that the ratio is 6: 4. Then, the tempo of the performance is changed according to the new tempo TMP1, and the reading of the music is restarted. In this way, by adopting a new percentage of the changed tempo, it is possible to avoid a rapid tempo change. In addition, in the case of FIG. 4 (a), since the tap-on interval is one beat or more, the tempo becomes slower than before.

After that, when the tap operation is performed so that the tap-on interval ΔT is gradually lengthened as in the operation example shown in FIG.
Gradually adjusted to down tempo. In this way, the time from pressing the foot pedal to returning it is 0.8 beats or more,
When the tap-on interval ΔT is less than 3 beats and the tap operation is performed so that the interval ΔT gradually becomes longer, the tempo is adjusted while the performance is stopped at the next beat. In this way, the tempo is not directly controlled from the tap-on interval ΔT so that the change in tempo does not become unnatural even if the tap-on interval ΔT is suddenly changed. Further, in this way, it is possible to perform tempo control that matches the sense of the performer.

Operation when automatic performance is stopped In this case, if the foot pedal is continuously depressed for more than the automatic performance stop detection value Ts (0.8 beats time as an example), the performance data will be The performance stops at the beat next to (see FIG. 5 (a)). By tapping in this way, the automatic performance can be stopped at a natural timing according to the tempo of the music.

Operation when restarting the automatic performance When the tap pedal is depressed again after the automatic performance is stopped (T1 shown in Fig. 5 (a)), the automatic performance stop flag HALT is reset through the above-mentioned steps SP1 to SP5. , Go to step SP6. In step SP6, it is determined whether the tap-on interval ΔT is equal to or greater than the break value Tb.
When the tap-on interval ΔT is 3 beats or more, the performance is restarted at the previous tempo TMP, that is, the tempo at which the automatic performance was stopped.

Thereafter, when the tap operation is performed so that the tap-on interval ΔT is gradually shortened as in the operation example shown in FIG.
The music is gradually adjusted to the up tempo.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the automatic performance stop detection value
The Ts and the break value Tb are not fixed values and may be set arbitrarily. In addition, the above steps
Of course, the tempo calculation coefficient and mixing ratio shown in SP9 are also variable. By doing so, various kinds of music can be dealt with.

"Effect of the Invention" As described above, according to the present invention, the measuring means measures the measurement time from when the switch means is in the on state to the next in the on state, and the adjusting means measures the performance according to the time. The tempo is changed, and thereafter, the tempo is maintained until a new measurement time is measured, and further, the detection means detects that the on-state duration of the switch means has passed a predetermined time, and the adjustment means detects this. Since the performance is stopped at the next beat in the performance data according to the result, the tempo of the performance can be adjusted with a tap that matches the feel of the player.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an automatic musical instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are flow charts for explaining the operation in the same embodiment. Fourth
FIG. 5 and FIG. 5 are diagrams for showing an operation example in the same embodiment. 1 ... CPU (central processing unit), 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM,
7 ... Tap switch

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A musical performance data is stored in advance in a memory means, the musical performance data is read out in the order of progression of music for automatic performance, and a tempo adjusting switch is provided. In the automatic performance device for adjusting the tempo of the automatic performance based on, detection means for detecting that the time from when the tempo adjustment switch is turned on to when it is turned off exceeds a first predetermined time, According to the detection result of the detection means, a performance stop means for stopping the automatic performance at the next beat of the current beat in the performance data; and after the automatic performance is stopped by the performance stop means, the tempo adjusting switch is turned on. And when the automatic performance is restarted by the automatic performance restarting means for restarting the automatic performance, the automatic restart is performed immediately before the automatic performance is stopped. The time interval from the ON operation of the tempo adjustment switch to the ON operation performed immediately before the restart of the automatic performance is calculated, and if the calculated time interval is the second predetermined time or more, the tempo after the automatic performance is restarted. Is set to the same tempo as before the stop, and when the calculated time interval is equal to or less than the second predetermined time, tempo determining means for determining the tempo after the automatic performance is restarted based on the calculated time interval. An automatic performance device characterized by: