JP2547730Y2 - Rock crusher - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a rock crusher which uses a shape memory alloy and crushes rock by recovering the shape of the shape memory alloy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The applicants of the present invention have previously disclosed the use of shape memory alloys for concrete and rock (in the present application, simply referred to as "rock").
That. Various types of rock crushers for crushing are proposed.

In the conventional example, as shown in FIG. 12, a storage recess 12a is formed at the front end of a rod portion 11 from the upper surface, and the lower surface of the lower end is moved from the rear end to the front end (see FIG. 12). A shape memory alloy holder 10a is formed in a row, which is formed as a wedge slope 3a that is inclined so that an inner side when inserted into a borehole H opened in a rock R to be crushed is gradually thinned. A lid 2 having a wedge slope 3b that is inclined so that the top surface is gradually thinned from the rear end side toward the front end side is fitted to the upper surface, and the cover body is heated in the storage recess 12a by heating. , Which recovers shape so as to push up the shape memory alloy 2, the shape memory alloy holder 10a and the lid 2
A pair of loads having an arcuate surface 32 substantially conforming to the inner peripheral surface of the borehole H whose outer surface is drilled in the rock R, and a mating wedge slope 31 contacting the inner surface with the wedge slope 3a. The plates 30, 30 are arranged in contact with each other. In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a driving impact receiver for driving the shape memory alloy holder 10a, and the driving impact receiver 40 is detachably attached to the rod portion 11. Reference numeral 50 denotes a driving jig for the loading plates 30, 30.

When the rock crusher is inserted into the borehole H, the clearance between the inner peripheral surface of the borehole H and the outer peripheral surfaces of the pair of loading plates 30 lowers the crushing efficiency. By driving the memory alloy holding member 10a into the inner side of the borehole H, the diameters of the two loading plates 30, 30 are expanded by a wedge mechanism, thereby avoiding the generation of the clearance, and heating the shape memory alloy 20 to crush the rock R. (The rocks are not crushed apart, but are in a state where thin cracks are generated.)
2), the distance between the two loading plates 30, 30 is reduced by driving the inner side of the borehole H using a driving jig 50 or the like indicated by a broken line, and in this state, the rock crusher is recovered in advance. The rocks are broken into pieces by hitting them with a hammer.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned conventional example has the first problem that the bottom of the shape memory alloy holder 10a is easily damaged and the second problem that the operability at the time of attachment and detachment to the bore hole H is not always easy. Two issues were pointed out.

The first problem is that when the shape memory alloy 20 recovers its shape and crushes the rock R, stress is concentrated on the bottom corner portion of the storage recess 12a of the shape memory alloy holder 10a and cracks occur. When used repeatedly, the bottom of the storage recess 12a may come off.

[0007] The second problem is that the shape memory alloy 20 is considered to have good crushing efficiency at first by inserting the shape memory alloy 20 at least a little into the borehole H, and the shape memory alloy holder for holding the shape memory alloy 20 is considered. The clearance between the inner surface of the borehole H and the loading plates 30, 30 is filled by driving the hole 10a into the inner side of the borehole H. In this conventional example, the shape memory alloy holder 10a is driven. Please
There is no guarantee that both loading plates 30, 30 will always remain in the same position. That is, one of the loading plates 3 (on the right side in FIG. 12)
0 travels a predetermined distance (for example, up to the position shown by the broken line in the figure), but the other (the left side of the figure) loading plate 30 further travels to the back, and a displacement of the distance L occurs between them. Sometimes.

Although the dimensional error of the distance L does not affect the rock crushing efficiency at all, the rock crusher is removed before the rock R is separated, and the load plates 30, 30 are removed. When driving, the dimensional error of the distance L has a great influence. That is, in the figure, the rear ends of the loading plates 30, 30 are exposed to the exit of the borehole H, so that there is not much problem. However, the loading plates 30 may be inserted all the way.
In many cases, it cannot be actually determined whether or not the projections project toward the front side.
If it is located in the back of the camera, it is actually impossible to confirm the position. In such a state, the driving jig 50 is used.
If it is attempted to drive the loading plates 30 and 30 from outside the borehole H, it is impossible to determine which part of the tip of the driving jig 50 is in contact with the loading plate 30. When it is not possible to determine where the force is to be applied, and if a driving force is applied to a portion where the tip of the jig is not in contact with the loading plate 30, the driving jig 50 is tilted by the driving force. At this time, when the driving jig 50 collides with the inner surface of the borehole or the outer surface of the rod portion 11, the driving becomes impossible, or the operator holds the driving jig 50 by hand. Also have the risk of injuries.

To explain the second problem more specifically, the two loading plates 30, 3 are located at the positions shown by the broken lines in FIG.
0, which is a cylindrical bottomed driving jig 50
And the opening end face thereof is brought into contact with one of the loading plates 30 (the right side indicated by a broken line in FIG. 12) (the driving impact receiver 40 in the drawing is detached, and the rod portion 11 is used for driving). It is assumed that the jig 50 is inserted into the hollow portion of the jig 50 with a sufficient margin, and the center of the bottom surface of the driving jig 50 is hit with a gavel or the like. Then, the driving force causes the driving jig 50 to tilt in a direction in which the tip end surface thereof does not contact the loading plate 30 (in the figure, a direction in which the upper portion tilts to the left). If the driving jig 50 is held by hand without being transmitted to the driving jig 30, the driving jig 50 is inclined in an unexpected direction, so that it is difficult to perform the operation and there is a danger. In particular, unlike the example shown in FIG. 12, the rock crusher is
When the above-described work is performed by inserting the jig 50 into the hole, the tip side of the driving jig 50 is inserted into the bore hole H. The contact driving force may not be transmitted to the loading plate 30.

Therefore, the second problem can be solved by reversing the wedge slopes 3a and 3b. However, when the clearance is buried in the bore hole H as described above, the shape memory alloy holding body 10a is beaten. It is pointed out from various construction examples that it is better to hit the loading plate 30 side or not depending on the conditions such as the depth of the borehole H selected depending on the hardness of the rock. It has been found that there is a problem that two different types of slopes having different inclination directions must be prepared.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and has high durability. The shape memory alloy holding body 10a is smashed or the loading plate 30 is filled to fill the clearance.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a rock crusher capable of easily changing whether to strike the side at a work site.

[0012]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the present invention, which has the above-mentioned object of the present invention, has a frame 1 having a rod portion 11 and
An upper lid 2a and a lower lid 2b respectively locked to the frame 1 form a shape memory alloy holder 10, and the space between the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b is heated in the shape memory alloy holder 10 by heating. The top lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b have a wedge slope 3 whose outer surface is inclined from the front end side to the rear end side.
Further, on the outer side of the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b, the inner side is a mating wedge slope 3 corresponding to the wedge slope 3.
1. A technical measure is adopted in which a pair of loading plates 30 each having an arcuate surface 32 substantially conforming to the inner peripheral surface of a borehole H formed by drilling a rock R on the outer surface side are disposed in an overlapping manner. .

[0013]

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. When the rock R is crushed by using the rock crushing device of the present invention, first, a borehole H is drilled in the rock R by an ordinary method. Then, the rock crusher of the present invention is inserted into the borehole H. At this time, there is some clearance between the inner peripheral surface of the borehole H and the outer peripheral surfaces of the pair of loading plates 30, 30. Further, since the inner peripheral surface of the bore hole H has irregularities, the clearance is substantially large.

At the time of the above insertion, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper cover 2a and the bottom cover 2b are usually connected to the borehole H.
The loading plates 30 and 30 are set so that the thickness gradually decreases toward the depth side of the bore hole H, and the thickness of the loading plates 30 and 30 is gradually reduced toward the depth side of the bore hole H. Contrary to FIG. 1, the upper and lower lids 2a and 2b are sequentially reduced in thickness toward the back of the borehole H, and the loading plates 30, 30 are directed toward the back of the borehole H. The upper lid 2a, the bottom lid 2b, and the two loading plates 30, 30 may be sequentially set so as to be thicker in the direction of the front end and the rear end (up and down directions in FIG. 1). By changing the above, there is an effect that the above use example can be selected.

Therefore, after the rock crusher of the present invention is inserted to a predetermined depth of the borehole H, the loading jigs 50 shown in FIG. Drive in the back. At this time, the loading plates 30, 30 are not necessarily at the same position at first, but when the loading plates 30, 30 are driven through the driving jig 50, the positions are eventually driven. When the driving jig 50 comes into contact, the clearance is large at the beginning of the driving, so that the positions of the two loading plates 30 and 30 are adjusted with a small force, and then the two loading plates 30 and 30 are driven with a large force. , Loading plate 30,3
The interval of 0 is expanded by the wedge action, and the clearance is filled. Of course, when the driving jig 50 is strongly driven with a gavel or the like, the convex portion of the uneven portion on the inner peripheral surface of the borehole H is crushed, and the load plates 30, 30 are more reliably pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the borehole H. Will be.

The top cover 2a, the bottom cover 2b, and both loading plates 3
When 0 and 30 are mounted upside down with respect to FIG. 1, the driving impact receiver 40 is mounted on the rod 11 without using the driving jig 50, and the driving impact receiver 40 is mounted. When the shape memory alloy holding body 10 is driven into the inner side of the borehole H through the hole, the distance between the loading plates 30, 30 is increased by the wedge action as described above, and the clearance is filled. It should be noted that the shape memory alloy holder 10 is driven in or
Although there is no great difference when the rock crusher of the present invention is mounted in the borehole H, it is easy to drive the shape memory alloy holding member 10 side and it is possible to drive with a relatively large force. It has an action, and both loading plates 3
When the 0 and 30 sides are driven in, the positions of the loading plates 30 and 30 are aligned.

Next, when the shape memory alloy 20 accommodated in the shape memory alloy holder 10 is heated by a conventional method such as energizing an electric heater, the shape memory alloy 20 recovers its shape and
It is the same as the conventional art that the borehole H is pushed out from the inside via the bottom cover 2b and the two loading plates 30, 30 to crush the rock R.

When the rock R is crushed, the rock crusher of the present invention is first extracted and collected. If a large crack is generated in the rock R due to the crushing, the rock R can be easily pulled out. If it is crushed to the extent that cracks are generated, it may be fitted so that it cannot be pulled out manually. So, in such a case,
The impact shock receiver 40 for detachment is attached to the rod portion 11, and the shape memory alloy holder 10 is driven into the bore hole H through the impact shock receiver 40. Then, the shape memory alloy holder 1
Since 0 moves downward in FIG. 1, the wedges are detached and the clearance between the inner peripheral surface of the borehole H and the loading plates 30 is restored.

The top cover 2a, the bottom cover 2b, and the loading plates 3
In the case where 0 and 30 are mounted upside down with respect to FIG. 1, both loading plates 30 and 30 are mounted by using a driving jig 50.
Into the bore hole H. Then, both loading plates 3
Since 0 and 30 move downward in FIG. 1, the wedges are similarly attached and detached, and the clearance between the inner peripheral surface of the borehole H and the loading plates 30 and 30 is restored.

[0020]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure, R is a rock to be crushed, and drilling of bore holes H at appropriate intervals in this rock R is the same as in the prior art.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a shape memory alloy holder, and the shape memory alloy holder 10 is a frame 1 having a rod 11.
And a top cover 2a and a bottom cover 2b which are locked to the frame 1, respectively.

The frame 1 having the rod portion 11 is made of a metal material having good heat conductivity. The rod portion 11 is used as a handle for inserting the shape memory alloy holder 10 into the bore hole H.
In the illustrated example, the rod portion 11 is simply constituted by a short screw rod.
A bar 60 shown in FIG. 9 described later is detachably attached. In addition, this rod body 11
It is needless to say that, unlike in the illustrated example, a frame having a desired length may be connected to the frame 1 in advance.

The frame 1 has a substantially rectangular outer shape, and the hollow portion 12 of the frame 1 has a predetermined number of circular through-holes (upper surface) as shown most clearly in FIG. Part penetrates from the side to the lower surface.), But the shape of the space 12 is not particularly limited. For example, the shape memory is stored in the rectangular space 12. A predetermined number of alloys 20 may be stored in parallel, and it is desirable that the gap formed between the frame 1 and the shape memory alloy 20 be small in order to improve the heat conduction during the later-described heating.

Further, heater insertion holes 14 and 14 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 are formed in the frame 1, and the heater insertion holes 14 and 14 are provided with an electric heater (not shown) or the like. It is the same as the conventional one that can be attached.

The upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b are locked to the frame 1. In this embodiment, lid locking holes 13 are formed on both upper and lower surfaces of the shape memory alloy holder 10. (The lid locking holes 13 may be drilled from both the upper and lower surfaces of the shape memory alloy holder 10, but are formed in a through hole shape that opens from the upper surface to the lower surface of the frame 1 in the illustrated example). In addition, the lid locking hole 13 is formed in the space 12 of the shape memory alloy holder 10.
It may be provided anywhere as long as it is a part other than
When the locking feet 5 are provided between the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b, it is necessary to provide the locking feet 5 at positions where the locking feet 5 can be engaged even when the directions of the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b are changed. In the illustrated example, the shape memory alloy holder 10 is provided at two positions, the front end side and the rear end side. However, if the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b can be locked to the frame 1, the lid locking holes It goes without saying that the frame 1 and the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b may be locked by a conventionally known seal cage joint or the like irrespective of the 13 and the locking feet 5.

The shape memory alloy holder 20 accommodates a shape memory alloy 20 that recovers its shape by heating to increase the distance between the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b.

A predetermined number of the shape memory alloys 20 are juxtaposed in the space 12 so that the shape memory alloy 20 recovers its shape so that the dimension in the axial direction (the dimension in the left-right direction in FIG. 1) is increased by heating. Although the shape and the number are stored in particular, they are not particularly limited.

The upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b are
The outer surface is a wedge slope 3 that is inclined from the front end side to the rear end side.

As shown most clearly in FIGS. 5 and 6, the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b have a flat surface 4 for closing the hollow portion 12 on the inner surface side. It comes into contact with the end face of the memory alloy 20. In the illustrated example, lid locking feet 5, 5 are provided on the inner surface side of the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b, and the lid locking feet 5, 5 are fitted into the lid locking holes 13 so as to fit. The upper cover 2a and the bottom cover 2b are locked to the frame 1. In the present application, the wedge slope 3 is inclined from the front end side to the rear end side.
b means the longitudinal direction (the axial direction of the borehole H), and whether the inclination is higher or lower toward the front end side, the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b are locked to the frame 1. It depends on the direction.

Further, on the outer side of the upper lid 2a and the lower lid 2b, a mating wedge slope 31 corresponding to the wedge slope 3 on the inner side and a borehole H formed by drilling a rock R on the outer side.
And a pair of loading plates 30 each having an arcuate surface 32 substantially conforming to the inner peripheral surface of the pair.

The above-mentioned loading plates 30 and 30 may be formed in a half-moon shape in cross section surrounded by a mating wedge slope 31 and an arcuate surface 32. In the illustrated example, the mating wedge slope 31 is formed in the groove 33. It is formed on the bottom surface, and the upper cover 2
a or the bottom cover 2b is fitted, the top cover 2a and the bottom cover 2b are locked to the frame 1, and the loading plates 30, 30 are mounted on the top cover 2a and the bottom cover 2b. 30,3
The two arc-shaped surfaces 32, 32 of the zero are located on a circle that approximately matches the inner peripheral surface of the bore hole H.

The loading plates 30, 30 are prepared in such a manner that the inner groove portion 33 and the mating wedge slope 31 are constant and the outer arc surface 32 has a different curvature. For example, it is possible to cope with a case where the diameter of the borehole H is different only by selecting the two loading plates 30, 30.

FIGS. 9 to 11 show attachments used in the rock crusher of the present invention. These attachments will be described below.

First, FIG. 9 shows a rod body 60 connected to the rod body part 11, and this rod body 60 has a screw hole 61 into which a screw rod part 11a provided at one end of the rod body part 11 is screwed. The other end is provided with a screw rod portion 62 having the same diameter and the same thread pitch as the screw rod portion 11a of the rod body portion 11, and a wrench flat surface 63 (four surfaces in this embodiment) ) And a large-diameter screw rod portion 64 on which the driving impact receiver 40 described later is mounted. The rod 60 has a total length set to a predetermined length. A plurality of rods having different total lengths may be prepared, or a plurality of rods may be sequentially screwed into one length. It is also possible to add the desired length and use it.

FIG. 10 shows a driving impact receiver 40, which is a bottomed cylinder having a spanner-hanging flat surface 41 (two or more surfaces are provided, although not always clear in the figure). The inner peripheral surface thereof is provided with a screw thread 42 with which the large-diameter screw rod portion 64 of the rod portion 11 is screwed. The inner side of the cylindrical portion of the driving impact receiver 40 has an empty space 43 into which the screw rod 62 of the rod 11 is loosely inserted. Then, after the driving impact receiver 40 is screwed with the rod body 11 to the frame 1,
It is used to screw the shape memory alloy holder 10 into the inside of the borehole H by being screwed into the rod portion 11, and the bottom surface (the right side surface in the figure) of the hitting impact receiver 40 is given with a gavel or the like. It is made to hit.

FIG. 11 shows a driving jig 50 which is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape. The outer diameter of the driving jig 50 is slightly smaller than that of the borehole H, and the inner diameter thereof is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rod portion 11. In the driving jig 50, the rod 11 is inserted into the cylindrical portion (in this case, the driving impact receiver 40 needs to be detached), and the opening end face is attached to the rear end face of the loading plates 30, 30. It is used for hitting both loading plates 30, 30 by hitting the bottom surface (right side in the figure) of the driving jig 50 with a gavel or the like. In the case where the length of the driving jig 50 is not enough, although not shown, the two loading plates 30, 30 are driven through a pipe having the same diameter as the cylindrical portion of the driving jig 50. You may do so.

Reference numeral 6 in FIG. 1 and reference numeral 34 in FIG. 8 indicate screw holes, and a wire fixing screw (not shown) is screwed into the screw hole, and the wire fixing screw is A wire (not shown) to which one end is fixed is led out of the borehole H to prevent the loading plate 30 and the like from falling into the depth of the borehole H and being unable to be removed.

[0038]

According to the present invention, as described above, since the shape memory alloy holder 10 is composed of the frame 1, the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b, the lower surface of the conventional shape memory alloy holder 10a is easily damaged. It is possible to provide a highly durable rock crusher that can eliminate the disadvantages and can be used repeatedly.

Also, in the present invention, since both the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b are separate from the frame 1, the locking direction of the upper lid 2a and the bottom lid 2b can be changed. And the change in the orientation of both loading plates 30, 30, both loading plates 30, 30 are changed.
In order to fill in the clearance between the outer peripheral surface of the hole and the inner peripheral surface of the borehole H, it is possible to select between driving both the loading plates 30 and 30 or driving the shape memory alloy holder 10. Further, it is possible to provide a rock crushing tool which can easily select one kind of combination suitable for use conditions.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the rock crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a frame portion.

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the frame portion.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the upper lid.

FIG. 6 is a right side view of the upper lid.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a loading plate.

FIG. 8 is a left side view of the loading plate.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional front view of a rod of the attachment used in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the impact used in the attachment used in the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a driving jig of the attachment used in the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a conventional rock crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame 2a Top lid 2b Bottom lid 3 Wedge slope 10 Shape memory alloy holder 11 Rod body 20 Shape memory alloy 30 Loading plate 31 Opposite wedge slope 32 Arc-shaped surface H Borehole R Rock

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A frame (1) having a rod (11),
An upper lid (2a) and a lower lid (2b) locked to the frame (1) respectively form a shape memory alloy holder (10). A shape memory alloy (20) that recovers its shape so as to widen the gap between the top lid (2a) and the bottom lid (2b) is stored therein, and the top lid (2a) and the bottom lid (2b) There is a wedge slope (3) inclined from the front end side to the rear end side. Further, outside the top cover (2a) and the bottom cover (2b), the inner side corresponds to the wedge slope (3). A pair of loading plates (30) each having an arcuate surface (32) substantially conforming to the inner peripheral surface of a borehole (H) whose outer surface is formed by drilling a rock (R). A rock crusher arranged by