JP2547016B2 - Toner for electrostatic image development - Google Patents

Toner for electrostatic image development

Info

Publication number
JP2547016B2
JP2547016B2 JP62116800A JP11680087A JP2547016B2 JP 2547016 B2 JP2547016 B2 JP 2547016B2 JP 62116800 A JP62116800 A JP 62116800A JP 11680087 A JP11680087 A JP 11680087A JP 2547016 B2 JP2547016 B2 JP 2547016B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
toner
particles
parts
charge
polar group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62116800A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63282752A (en
Inventor
幸伸 長谷川
浩義 霜村
弘一 村井
正俊 丸山
豊吉 丹下
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Carbide Industries Co Inc
Original Assignee
Nippon Carbide Industries Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Carbide Industries Co Inc filed Critical Nippon Carbide Industries Co Inc
Priority to JP62116800A priority Critical patent/JP2547016B2/en
Publication of JPS63282752A publication Critical patent/JPS63282752A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2547016B2 publication Critical patent/JP2547016B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00Developers
    • G03G9/08Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/087Binders for toner particles
    • G03G9/08784Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
    • G03G9/08791Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by the presence of specified groups or side chains
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00Developers
    • G03G9/08Developers with toner particles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00Developers
    • G03G9/08Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/0802Preparation methods
    • G03G9/0804Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、電子写真、静電記録、静電印刷などにおけ
る静電荷像を現像するためのトナー及びその製法に関す
る。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a toner for developing an electrostatic image in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing and the like, and a method for producing the toner.

従来技術 従来、一般に広く用いられて来たトナーは、懸濁重合
により得られるスチレン/アクリレート系共重合体粉末
にカーボンブラックのような着色剤、随意帯電制御剤及
び/又は磁性体をドライブレンドして後押出し機等で溶
融混練し、次いで粉砕・分級することによって製造され
て来た(特開昭51−23354号参照)。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a toner that has been widely used in general is that a styrene / acrylate copolymer powder obtained by suspension polymerization is dry-blended with a colorant such as carbon black, an optional charge control agent and / or a magnetic material. It has been manufactured by melt-kneading with a post-extruder or the like, and then crushing and classifying (see JP-A-51-23354).

しかし、上記のような溶融混練−粉砕法で得られる従
来のトナーは、トナーの粒径の制御に限界があり、実質
的に10μ以下、特に8μ以下、殊に5μ以下の平均粒径
のトナーを歩留りよく製造することが困難である許り
か、現像剤にした場合、トナー帯電性及び解像度が低く
且つかぶりが発生するという欠点を避けることが困難で
あった。
However, the conventional toner obtained by the melt-kneading-pulverization method as described above has a limitation in controlling the particle size of the toner, and a toner having an average particle size of substantially 10 μm or less, particularly 8 μm or less, and particularly 5 μm or less. Although it is difficult to manufacture the toner with high yield, it is difficult to avoid the drawbacks that the toner has low chargeability and resolution and fog occurs when it is used as a developer.

本発明の目的 本発明は従来一般に広く用いられて来たトナーの有し
た上記の欠点を大巾に改善し、しかも新規な製法を用い
ることによって従来法のトナーよりも安価なトナーを提
供することを目的とするものである。
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention greatly improves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the toners that have been widely used in the past, and provides a toner which is cheaper than the toners of the conventional methods by using a novel manufacturing method. The purpose is.

本発明の特徴 本発明の静電荷像現像用トナーは、酸性極性基又は塩
基性極性基を有する重合体(以下「極性基を有する重合
体」という)、好ましくは酸性極性基を有する重合体の
一次粒子及び着色剤粒子及び帯電向上剤並びに随意帯電
制御剤を含有してなる二次粒子の会合粒子であることを
特徴とする静電荷像現像用トナーである。
Features of the present invention The toner for developing an electrostatic image of the present invention comprises a polymer having an acidic polar group or a basic polar group (hereinafter referred to as "polymer having a polar group"), preferably a polymer having an acidic polar group. A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image, which is an associated particle of secondary particles containing primary particles, colorant particles, a charge improver and an optional charge control agent.

本発明で用いられる極性基を有する重合体の一次粒子
は0.05〜0.5μ、好ましくは0.1〜0.3μの平均粒径を有
する熱可塑性重合体の粒子であって、一般に乳化重合法
によって好適に得られる。本発明のトナーである上記会
合粒子を構成する二次粒子は、0.01〜0.5μ、好ましく
は0.03〜0.1μの平均粒径をもつ着色剤粒子及び帯電向
上剤粒子と極性基を有する重合体の一次粒子とがイオン
性結合、水素結合、金属配位結合、弱酸−弱基結合、或
いはフアンデアワールス力等の結合力によって凝集して
いる粒子であって、一般に0.5〜5μ、好ましくは1μ
〜4μの平均粒径をもっている。
The primary particles of the polymer having a polar group used in the present invention are particles of a thermoplastic polymer having an average particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.5μ, preferably 0.1 to 0.3μ, and are generally suitably obtained by an emulsion polymerization method. To be The secondary particles constituting the above-mentioned associated particles, which are the toner of the present invention, are colorant particles having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.5μ, preferably 0.03 to 0.1μ and particles of the charge improving agent and a polymer having a polar group. Primary particles are particles that are aggregated by an ionic bond, a hydrogen bond, a metal coordination bond, a weak acid-weak group bond, or a binding force such as van der Waals force, and are generally 0.5 to 5 μm, preferably 1 μm.
It has an average particle size of ~ 4μ.

本発明の会合粒子は上記二次粒子が凝集して生成した
不定形の粒子であって、その平均粒径は一般に3〜25
μ、好ましくは5〜15μ、最も好ましくは5〜13μであ
る。
The associated particles of the present invention are indefinite particles produced by agglomeration of the above secondary particles, and the average particle size thereof is generally 3 to 25.
μ, preferably 5 to 15 μ, and most preferably 5 to 13 μ.

本発明の好適な態様では、上記会合粒子を構成する二
次粒子間の接触部分の少くとも一部、好ましくは二次粒
子間の接触部分の大半が造膜融着している会合粒子が用
いられる。
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, associative particles in which at least a part of the contact parts between the secondary particles constituting the above-mentioned associated particles, preferably most of the contact parts between the secondary particles are fused by film formation are used. To be

本発明のトナーである会合粒子は、極性基を有する重
合体と着色剤と帯電向上剤の合計当り、極性基を有する
重合体を20〜99.9重量%、好ましくは30〜98重量%、最
も好ましくは40〜95重量%及び着色剤を80〜0.1重量
%、好ましくは70〜2重量%、最も好ましくは60〜5重
量%含有してなるものである。
The associated particles, which are the toner of the present invention, have a polar group-containing polymer in an amount of 20 to 99.9% by weight, preferably 30 to 98% by weight, and most preferably, based on the total amount of the polymer having a polar group, the colorant, and the charging enhancer. Is 40 to 95% by weight and the colorant is 80 to 0.1% by weight, preferably 70 to 2% by weight, and most preferably 60 to 5% by weight.

本発明で用いられる極性基を有する重合体の好ましい
例はスチレン類、アルキル(メタ)アクリレート及び酸
性極性基又は塩基性極性基を有するコモノマー(以下
「適性基を有するコモノマー」という)の共重合体であ
る。
Preferred examples of the polymer having a polar group used in the present invention are copolymers of styrenes, alkyl (meth) acrylates and comonomers having an acidic polar group or a basic polar group (hereinafter referred to as "comonomer having an aptitude group"). Is.

本明細書で「着色剤」の語は、静電荷像現像剤として
必要な色彩を該現像剤に与える着色性の添加剤と言う意
味で用いられるもので、マグネタイトのような磁性体や
ニグロシン染料のような帯電制御剤のように磁性又は帯
電制御性のような着色剤以外の性能を現像剤に賦与する
添加剤も現像剤に所期の着色性を与えるならば「着色
剤」に含まれるものである。
In the present specification, the term "colorant" is used to mean a coloring additive that gives the developer a color required for an electrostatic image developer, and a magnetic substance such as magnetite or a nigrosine dye. An additive that imparts a property other than a colorant such as a magnetic property or a charge controllability to the developer, such as a charge control agent, is included in the “colorant” if it imparts the desired colorability to the developer. It is a thing.

本発明で用いられる着色剤としては、無機顔料又は有
機顔料及び有機染料、好ましくは無機顔料又は有機顔料
が用いられるが、一種又は二種以上の顔料又は/及び一
種又は二種以上の染料を必要に応じて組合せて用いても
よい。
As the colorant used in the present invention, an inorganic pigment or an organic pigment and an organic dye, preferably an inorganic pigment or an organic pigment is used, but one or more pigments or / and one or more dyes are required. You may use it in combination according to.

本発明で用いられる帯電向上剤とは、静電荷像現像剤
として必要な摩擦帯電量を該現像剤に与える添加剤と言
う意味で用いられるものである。このような添加剤は、
上記効果のみならず、該現像剤のチャージアップ現象、
定着性、ランニング安定性、クリーニング性にも効果で
示すものである。
The charge improver used in the present invention is used in the sense of an additive that gives the developer a triboelectric charge amount necessary for an electrostatic image developer. Such additives are
In addition to the above effects, the charge-up phenomenon of the developer,
The effect is also shown in fixing property, running stability and cleaning property.

本発明で用いられる帯電向上剤としては、一種又は二
種以上の帯電向上剤を組み合せてもかまわないが、その
好適な例としてにフッ化カーボンがあげられる。
The charge improver used in the present invention may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds of charge improvers, and a preferable example thereof is carbon fluoride.

本発明で用いられる帯電向上剤の具体例としては、 商品名「ACCUFLUOR(CFX」(旭硝子社製)として
市販されている1000、1030、2010、2028、2065などがあ
げられる。
Specific examples of the charge improver used in the present invention include 1000, 1030, 2010, 2028, 2065 and the like, which are commercially available under the trade name "ACCUFLUOR (CF X ) n " (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.).

本発明のトナーは、前記のように、必要に応じ帯電制
御剤や磁性体等を含有するものである。このような帯電
制御剤としては、プラス用としてニグロシン系の電子供
与性染料、その他ナフテン酸または高級脂肪酸の金属
塩、アルコキシル化アミン、四級アンモニウム塩、アル
キルアミド、キレート、顔料、フッ素処理活性剤などの
マイナス用として電子受容性の有機錯体、その他塩素化
パラフィン、塩素化ポリエステル、酸基過剰のポリエス
テル、銅フタロシアニンのスルホニルアミンなどが例示
できる。
As described above, the toner of the present invention contains a charge control agent, a magnetic material, etc., if necessary. Examples of such a charge control agent include a nigrosine-based electron-donating dye for plus, other metal salt of naphthenic acid or higher fatty acid, alkoxylated amine, quaternary ammonium salt, alkylamide, chelate, pigment, fluorine treatment activator. Examples of the negative use include electron-accepting organic complexes, other chlorinated paraffins, chlorinated polyesters, polyesters with excess acid groups, and sulfonylamines of copper phthalocyanine.

また、本発明のトナーは、必要により流動化剤等の添
加剤と共に用いることができ、そのような流動化剤とし
ては疎水性シリカ、酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム等の
微粉末を例示でき、トナー100重量部当り0.01〜5重量
部、好ましくは0.1〜1重量部用いられる。
Further, the toner of the present invention can be used together with an additive such as a fluidizing agent if necessary, and as such fluidizing agent, fine powder of hydrophobic silica, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide or the like can be exemplified, and toner 100 The amount is 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1 part by weight.

本発明のトナーの好適な製法を例示すれば、以下の通
りである。乳化重合により得られた酸性極性基又は塩基
性極性基を有する重合体のエマルジョンに所要量の着色
剤粉末及び帯電向上剤粒子並びに随意帯電制御剤を混合
添加して均一に分散させ0.5〜4時間、好ましくは1〜
3時間撹拌を続けると極性基を有する重合体の一次粒子
と着色剤粒子は次第に凝集して0.5〜5μの平均粒径を
もった二次粒子に生長する。このような分散体を更にそ
のまま0.5〜3時間、好適には1〜2時間撹拌を続ける
と、二次粒子が更に凝集して5〜25μの平均粒子径をも
った会合粒子に生長する。本発明のトナーの最も好適な
製法では、このようにして生成した分散液を、更に極性
基を有する重合体のガラス転移点〜ガラス転移点より20
℃高い温度に1〜6時間、好適には2〜4時間撹拌を続
けると、二次粒子間の接触部分の少くとも一部が造膜融
着した会合粒子が生成する。このような会合粒子は、二
次粒子間が造膜融着しているので、貯蔵、輸送、現像剤
製造時等に殆んど崩壊することが無いので、静電荷像現
像用現像剤としては特に好適である。
The preferred method for producing the toner of the present invention is as follows. To the emulsion of a polymer having an acidic polar group or a basic polar group obtained by emulsion polymerization, the required amount of colorant powder and charge improver particles and optional charge control agent are mixed and added to uniformly disperse it for 0.5 to 4 hours. , Preferably 1
When stirring is continued for 3 hours, the primary particles of the polymer having a polar group and the colorant particles gradually aggregate to grow into secondary particles having an average particle size of 0.5 to 5 μ. When such a dispersion is further stirred as it is for 0.5 to 3 hours, preferably 1 to 2 hours, the secondary particles further aggregate and grow into associated particles having an average particle size of 5 to 25 μm. In the most preferred method for producing the toner of the present invention, the dispersion liquid thus produced is further added with a glass transition point of the polymer having a polar group to 20 from the glass transition point.
When stirring is continued at a high temperature of 1 ° C. for 1 to 6 hours, preferably 2 to 4 hours, associated particles in which at least a part of the contact portion between the secondary particles are fused and formed into a film are produced. Since such associated particles have a film-forming fusion between the secondary particles, they are hardly disintegrated during storage, transportation, production of the developer, etc., and therefore, as an electrostatic image developing developer. It is particularly suitable.

本発明のトナーは、鉄、ガラスビーズ等のキャリアと
混合されて現像剤とされるが、トナー自体がフエライト
等を既に着色剤として含有するような場合には、フエラ
イト等はキャリアの働きもするので、その場合にはトナ
ーはそのまま現像剤として用い得る。なお、上記キャリ
アーとしては、樹脂被覆、好ましくは弗素系樹脂被覆に
より負の摩擦帯電特性を有する鉄粉が殊に好適である。
The toner of the present invention is mixed with a carrier such as iron or glass beads to be a developer, but when the toner itself already contains ferrite or the like as a colorant, the ferrite or the like also functions as a carrier. Therefore, in that case, the toner can be used as a developer as it is. As the carrier, iron powder having a negative frictional charging property by resin coating, preferably fluorine resin coating, is particularly suitable.

本発明の効果 本発明のトナーは、粒度分布が比較的狭く且つ平均粒
径が比較的小さいので、静電荷像現像剤にした場合、必
要な帯電量が得られ且つそれが安定して、画像において
従来品に較べ解像度が著しく向上し且つかぶりの発生が
殆んど無いといった優れた効果を奏し、更に粉砕分級を
要しない等製法が従来法に較べて簡略化され且つ必要な
トナー粉分の収率も高いので、経済性においても優れて
いるといった効果を奏するものである。
EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The toner of the present invention has a relatively narrow particle size distribution and a relatively small average particle size. Therefore, when it is used as an electrostatic image developer, a necessary charge amount is obtained and it is stable, and an image is obtained. In comparison with the conventional product, the resolution is remarkably improved and almost no fog is generated. Further, the manufacturing method such as crushing and classification is simplified as compared with the conventional method and the required toner powder content is reduced. Since the yield is high, it is also advantageous in terms of economic efficiency.

以下に実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。な
お、特記しない限り数量は重量によって表示した。
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the quantities are indicated by weight.

実施例1 酸性極性基含有重合樹脂の調整 スチレンモノマー(ST) 60 部 アクリル酸ブチル(BA) 40 部 アクリル酸(AA) 8 部 以上のモノマー混合物を 水 100 部 ノニオン乳化剤(エマルゲン950) 1 部 アニオン乳化剤(ネオゲンR) 1.5部 過硫酸カリウム 0.5部 の水溶液混合物に添加し、撹拌下70℃で8時間重合させ
て固形分50%の酸性極性基含有樹脂エマルジョンを得
た。
Example 1 Preparation of acidic polar group-containing polymerized resin Styrene monomer (ST) 60 parts Butyl acrylate (BA) 40 parts Acrylic acid (AA) 8 parts Water of the above monomer mixture 100 parts Nonionic emulsifier (Emulgen 950) 1 part Anion An emulsifier (Neogen R) (1.5 parts) and potassium persulfate (0.5 parts) were added to an aqueous solution mixture and polymerized under stirring at 70 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain an acidic polar group-containing resin emulsion having a solid content of 50%.

トナーの調整(1) 酸性極性基含有樹脂エマルジョン 120部 マグネタイト 35部 ニグロシン染料(ボントロンS−34) 5部 フッ化カーボン(ACCUFLUOR(CFX#2010旭硝子社
製) 5部 カーボンブラック(ダイヤブラック#100) 5部 水 380部 以上の混合物をスラッシャーで分散撹拌しながら約30
℃に2時間保持した。その後さらに撹拌しながら70℃に
加温して3時間保持した。この間顕微鏡で観察して、樹
脂粒子とフッ化カーボン粒子とマグネタイト粒子とのコ
ンプレックスが約10μに生長するのが確認された。冷却
して、得られた液状分散物をブフナーロ過、水洗し、50
℃真空乾燥10時間させた。
Toner Preparation (1) Acid polar group-containing resin emulsion 120 parts Magnetite 35 parts Nigrosine dye (Bontron S-34) 5 parts Fluorinated carbon (ACCUFLUOR (CF X ) n # 2010 Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) 5 parts Carbon black (Dia Black) # 100) 5 parts water 380 parts Mix about 30 parts with a slasher while stirring.
C. for 2 hours. Then, while further stirring, the mixture was heated to 70 ° C. and kept for 3 hours. During this period, it was confirmed by observation with a microscope that the complex of the resin particles, the carbon fluoride particles, and the magnetite particles grew to about 10 μm. After cooling, the resulting liquid dispersion is filtered with Buchner filter and washed with water,
Vacuum drying was carried out for 10 hours.

この得られたトナー100重量部に流動化剤としてシリ
カ(日本アエロジル社製アエロジルR972)を0.5重量部
を添加混合し、試験用現像剤とした。
To 100 parts by weight of the toner thus obtained, 0.5 parts by weight of silica (Aerosil R972 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) as a fluidizing agent was added and mixed to prepare a test developer.

このトナーで用いた上記重合体のTgは46℃、ゲル化度
は5%、軟化点は147℃、トナーの平均粒径は、12μで
あった。
The Tg of the above polymer used in this toner was 46 ° C., the gelling degree was 5%, the softening point was 147 ° C., and the average particle size of the toner was 12 μ.

上記現像剤を市販の複写機(キャノン製NP−270Z)に
入れ複写を行ったところ、濃度の高い、かぶりの少ない
複写画が得られた。また、ブローオフ法により帯電量を
測定した。結果を表−2に示した。
When the above developer was put in a commercially available copying machine (NP-270Z manufactured by Canon Inc.) and copying was performed, a copy image having high density and less fog was obtained. Further, the charge amount was measured by the blow-off method. The results are shown in Table-2.

帯電量絶対値18μC/g以上ではかぶりの少ない解像度
の高い画像が得られ、15μC/g以下では不良画像となっ
た。
When the absolute value of the charge amount was 18 μC / g or more, a high-resolution image with less fogging was obtained, and when it was 15 μC / g or less, a defective image was obtained.

実施例2及び3 表−1に示したモノマー組成及び帯電向上剤を用い実
施例1と同様の操作を繰り返した。結果を表−2に示
す。なお、表−1で用いた略記号の意味を以下に示す。
Examples 2 and 3 The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated using the monomer composition and the charge improver shown in Table 1. Table 2 shows the results. The meanings of the abbreviations used in Table-1 are shown below.

2EHA;アクリル酸2エチルヘキシル BQA;2−ヒドロキシプロピル−N,N,N−トリメチルアンモ
ニウムクロライドアクリレート DMAA;アクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル 実施例4 実施例1と同様の酸性極性基含有樹脂エマルジョンを
調整した後、トナー調整時に以下の操作を行った。
2EHA; 2-ethylhexyl acrylate BQA; 2-hydroxypropyl-N, N, N-trimethylammonium chloride acrylate DMAA; dimethylaminoethyl acrylate Example 4 After preparing an acidic polar group-containing resin emulsion similar to Example 1, The following operations were performed during toner adjustment.

トナーの調整(2) 実施例1の酸性極性基含有樹脂 エマルジョン 184部 クロム染料(ボントロンS−34) 1部 カーボンブラック(リーガル330R) 7部 フッ化カーボン#2010 5部 水 307部 以上の混合物を実施例1と同様の操作を行って試験用
トナーを調整した。得られた重合体のTgは42℃、ゲル化
度5%、軟化点146℃、トナーの平均粒径は10.5μmで
あった。このトナーを市販の複写機(東芝製レオドライ
BD−4140)に入れ、複写を行ったところ、濃度の高い、
かぶりの少ない複写画が得られた。結果を表−2に示
す。
Preparation of toner (2) Acidic polar group-containing resin of Example 1 Emulsion 184 parts Chromium dye (Bontron S-34) 1 part Carbon black (Regal 330R) 7 parts Fluorinated carbon # 2010 5 parts Water 307 parts The above mixture was added. The same operation as in Example 1 was performed to prepare a test toner. The polymer obtained had a Tg of 42 ° C., a gelation degree of 5%, a softening point of 146 ° C., and an average particle diameter of the toner of 10.5 μm. Use this toner on a commercial copying machine (Toshiba Leo Dry
BD-4140) and copied it, the density was high,
A copy image with less fogging was obtained. Table 2 shows the results.

実施例5 実施例1における会合粒子形成反応時、70℃、2時間
保持の代りに60℃加温2時間に保持したところ、粒子成
長が制御され収率60%で平均粒径5μmのトナーが得ら
れた。このトナーにより複写試験を行ったところ、非常
に解像度の良好で、濃度が高く、かぶりの少ない画像が
得られた。
Example 5 During the association particle forming reaction in Example 1, when the temperature was maintained at 70 ° C. for 2 hours instead of at 70 ° C. for 2 hours, the particle growth was controlled and a toner having an average particle size of 5 μm was obtained at a yield of 60%. Was obtained. When a copy test was conducted using this toner, an image having very good resolution, high density and little fog was obtained.

比較例1 表−1に示すように、実施例1の樹脂モノマー組成中
酸性極性基モノマーであるAAを添加せず重合した樹脂エ
マルジョンを用いたところ、会合粒子の成長がなく、試
験用トナーが得られなかった。
Comparative Example 1 As shown in Table 1, when a resin emulsion obtained by polymerizing without adding AA which is an acidic polar group monomer in the resin monomer composition of Example 1 was used, there was no growth of associated particles and a test toner was obtained. I couldn't get it.

比較例2 実施例1における樹脂エマルジョンをスプレードライ
ヤー(アシザワニロアトマイザー製、モービルマイナ
ー)で入口温度120℃、出口温度90℃、供給量1.5/mi
n、アトマイザー3×104rpmの運転条件にて乾燥させ、
樹脂を得た。この樹脂60部、マグネタイト35部、ニグロ
シン染料(ボントロンS−34)5部、カーボンブラック
(ダイヤブラック#100)5部、フッ化カーボン(ACCUF
LUOR(CFX#2010)5部を溶融混練、粉砕して平均
粒径5μmのトナーを得た。この時の収率は35%であっ
た。
Comparative Example 2 The resin emulsion of Example 1 was sprayed with a spray dryer (Ashizawa Niro atomizer, Mobile Miner) at an inlet temperature of 120 ° C, an outlet temperature of 90 ° C, and a supply rate of 1.5 / mi.
n, dried under the operating conditions of atomizer 3 × 10 4 rpm,
A resin was obtained. 60 parts of this resin, 35 parts of magnetite, 5 parts of Nigrosine dye (Bontron S-34), 5 parts of carbon black (diamond black # 100), carbon fluoride (ACCUF
5 parts of LUOR (CF X ) n # 2010) was melt-kneaded and pulverized to obtain a toner having an average particle size of 5 μm. The yield at this time was 35%.

この得られたトナー100重量部に流動化剤としてシリ
カ(日本アエロジル社製R−972)を0.5重量部を添加混
合し、試験用現像剤とした。
To 100 parts by weight of the obtained toner, 0.5 parts by weight of silica (R-972 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed as a fluidizing agent to prepare a test developer.

この現像剤は非常に流動性の悪いものであった。この
現像剤を用いて実施例1と同様の複写試験を行ったとこ
ろ、非常にかぶりの多い画像が得られた。
This developer had very poor fluidity. When a copying test similar to that in Example 1 was conducted using this developer, an image with very large fog was obtained.

比較例8 実施例1と同様の操作を行い表−1に示すような樹脂
組成を得て、実施例1のフッ化カーボンをのぞいた配合
で造粒して平均粒径12.0μmのトナーを得た。このトナ
ーを用いて同様の複写試験を行った。結果を表−2に示
す。
Comparative Example 8 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain a resin composition as shown in Table 1, and the mixture was granulated with a composition excluding the carbon fluoride of Example 1 to obtain a toner having an average particle size of 12.0 μm. It was A similar copying test was conducted using this toner. Table 2 shows the results.

複写画解像度評価方法 データクウエスト社テストパターンAR−4を複写し、
1mmあたりのライン数を目視確認して解像度の評価とし
た。本評価方法において表−1の樹脂組成では、解像度
6.3以上で良好、3.6以下で不良と判断できる。
Duplicate image resolution evaluation method Duplicate the data quat company test pattern AR-4,
The number of lines per 1 mm was visually confirmed to evaluate the resolution. In this evaluation method, the resin composition shown in Table 1
It can be judged as good when 6.3 or more, and as bad when 3.6 or less.

複写画かぶり評価法 村上カラーラボラトリー社製CM−53Pの反射率計を用
いて、光角45゜にて複写前の白紙の反射率と複写後の非
文字部分の反射率を比較し、反射率比にてかぶり濃度
(%)とした。かぶり濃度0.7以下でかぶり良好、1.0以
上で不良と判断できる。
Copy image fogging evaluation method Using a CM-53P reflectometer made by Murakami Color Laboratory Co., Ltd., the reflectivity of the blank paper before copying and the reflectivity of the non-character part after copying were compared at a light angle of 45 °. The fog density (%) was defined as the ratio. It can be judged that the fog density is 0.7 or less and the fog is good, and that the fog density is 1.0 or more is bad.

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】酸性極性機又は塩基性極性機を有する重合
体の一次粒子及び着色剤粒子及び帯電向上剤並びに随意
帯電制御剤を含有してなる二次粒子の会合粒子であるこ
とを特徴とする静電荷像現像用トナー。
1. An associative particle of secondary particles comprising primary particles of a polymer having an acidic polar machine or a basic polar machine, colorant particles, a charge enhancer and an optional charge control agent. Toner for developing electrostatic images.
【請求項2】該帯電向上剤がフッ化カーボンである特許
請求の範囲等(1)項記載の静電荷像現像用トナー。
2. The toner for developing an electrostatic charge image according to claim 1 or the like, wherein the charge improver is fluorocarbon.
JP62116800A 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Toner for electrostatic image development Expired - Lifetime JP2547016B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP62116800A JP2547016B2 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Toner for electrostatic image development

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JPS63282752A JPS63282752A (en) 1988-11-18
JP2547016B2 true JP2547016B2 (en) 1996-10-23

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ID=14695977

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