JP2545944B2 - Brake booster - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a brake booster including a constant pressure chamber and a variable pressure chamber inside a shell.

`` Prior art '' A brake booster usually forms a pair of constant pressure chambers and a variable pressure chamber before and after a power piston and a diaphragm in a shell, and these are formed when the brake pedal is released and the non-operating state. A negative pressure is introduced into the constant pressure chamber and the variable pressure chamber.

Then, when the brake pedal is depressed, the negative pressure is introduced into the constant pressure chamber and the atmospheric pressure is introduced into the variable pressure chamber according to the pedaling force of the brake pedal to generate a fluid pressure difference before and after the power piston. The power piston and the push rod interlocked with the power piston are moved forward, and the piston of the master cylinder is moved forward by the forward movement of the push rod to generate brake hydraulic pressure.

By the way, in this type of brake booster, the output can be increased by increasing the effective pressure receiving area of the power piston, but if the diameter of the power piston is increased for that reason, the diameter of the brake booster also increases. Depending on the vehicle, it may not be mounted.

Therefore, conventionally, there has been proposed a tandem brake booster in which two pairs of a constant pressure chamber and a variable pressure chamber are arranged in series in the shell. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-9770, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-23
913, JP-A-60-154952).

According to the tandem brake booster described above, the output can be increased without increasing the diameter even when the brake booster is axially elongated, so that the tandem brake booster is also mounted on a vehicle in which a brake booster having a large diameter cannot be mounted. It becomes possible.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when the output of the tandem brake booster is further increased, the diameter cannot be avoided, and the tandem brake booster is configured to have a diameter larger than that of the tandem brake booster. There was a vehicle that could not be mounted because the diameter was too large even if the increase in the number was suppressed.

In order to improve such a drawback, a triple type brake booster in which three constant pressure chambers and a constant pressure chamber are arranged in series in the shell may be configured.

That is, a front plate and a rear plate that are arranged and fixed in the shell and divide the inside of the shell into a front chamber, a center chamber, and a rear chamber, and a valve body that is slidably penetrated through the front plate and the rear plate. And a front power piston, a center power piston and a rear power piston which are respectively arranged in the front chamber, the center chamber and the rear chamber and which are connected to the valve body, and the rear of the front power piston, the center power piston and the rear power piston. A front diaphragm, a center diaphragm, and a rear diaphragm that are stretched on the side surface and partition the front chamber, the center chamber, and the rear chamber into a constant pressure chamber on the front side and a variable pressure chamber on the rear side,
A constant pressure passage communicating between the constant pressure chambers formed in the front chamber, the center chamber and the rear chamber, a variable pressure passage communicating between the variable pressure chambers formed in the front chamber, the center chamber and the rear chamber, and the valve body. A valve mechanism that is housed inside and that switches the communication state between the constant pressure passage, the variable pressure passage, and the pressure passage that supplies pressure fluid, and is moved forward and backward in conjunction with the brake pedal, and the flow passage of the valve mechanism according to the operation. The brake booster may be configured to include an input shaft for switching the switch and a push rod that transmits the output to the piston of the master cylinder in conjunction with the valve body.

According to the brake booster having such a configuration, the front power piston, the center power pistol, and the rear power piston each have a constant pressure chamber and a partitioned chamber formed in front and rear of the front power piston, so compared with the tandem brake booster, Since the total effective pressure receiving area can be increased without increasing the diameter, and therefore the required large output can be obtained even if the outer diameter of the brake booster is reduced, a brake booster with a large diameter can be used. The possibility of mounting on a vehicle that cannot be mounted can be increased.

However, if the variable pressure passage is also used, that is, if the variable pressure passage that connects the variable pressure chamber in the front room and the variable pressure chamber in the rear room is branched so that the variable pressure passage also communicates with the variable pressure chamber in the center room, In particular, when the pressure fluid supplied to each variable pressure chamber is released from each variable pressure chamber, the pressure fluid from the variable pressure chamber in the center room may not be discharged smoothly, which may cause a delay in releasing the brake operation. there were.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In view of such circumstances, the present invention adopts the configuration of the above-described triple type brake booster, and further includes the variable pressure passage, the variable pressure chamber of the center chamber and the rear pressure chamber. A first variable pressure passage that communicates between the variable pressure chambers of the room and a second variable pressure passage that communicates between the variable pressure chamber of the front room and the variable pressure chamber of the rear room independently of the first variable pressure passage. It is the one.

[Operation] According to the above configuration, the pressure fluid from the variable pressure chamber of the center room is passed through the first variable pressure passage to the rear chamber, and the pressure fluid from the variable pressure chamber of the front room is changed through the second variable pressure passage to the rear chamber. The pressure fluids from the variable pressure chamber of the center chamber and the variable pressure chamber of the front chamber can be quickly discharged, and thus delay in deactivating the brake booster can be prevented.

[Embodiment] The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiment. In FIG. 1, a shell 1 of a brake booster is a stepped cup-shaped front shell 2 and a schematic for sealing an opening of the front shell 2. The stepped cup-shaped front shell 2 is composed of a dish-shaped rear shell 3 and is expanded stepwise from the bottom side to the opening side to form a small-diameter portion 2A, a medium-diameter portion 2B and The large-diameter portion 2C is sequentially formed, and the large-diameter cylindrical hooking portion 2D is formed on the opening side of the large-diameter portion 2C.

In the present embodiment, a front plate 5 formed in a stepped cup shape in the present embodiment is fitted inside the front shell 2, and between the end wall surface of the front plate 5 and the end wall surface of the front shell 2. The front room 6 is partitioned and formed.

The front plate 5 includes a small diameter portion 5A tightly fitted in the middle diameter portion 2B of the front shell 2 and a large diameter portion 5B tightly fitted in a large diameter portion 2C. The front plate 5 is moved to the front by abutting the radially outwardly extending flange portion 5C formed on the right end on the stepped end surface 2a between the large diameter portion 2C of the front shell 2 and the tubular hook portion 2D. Positioned with respect to the shell 2.

A rear plate 7 formed in a cup shape is further fitted into the front plate 5, and a center room 8 is defined between an end wall surface of the rear plate 7 and an end wall surface of the front plate 5. Has formed.

The cup-shaped rear plate 7 is provided with a cylindrical portion 7A tightly fitted in the large-diameter portion 5B of the front plate 5, and a flange extending outward in the radial direction formed at the right end of the cylindrical portion 7A. The rear plate 7 is positioned with respect to the front plate 5 and the front shell 2 by superimposing the portion 7B on the outside of the flange portion 5C formed on the front plate 5.

Further, the rear shell 3 has a flange portion 3A extending radially outward on the outer peripheral portion thereof.
Is fitted into the cylindrical hooking portion 2D of the front shell 2 and is overlapped with the flange portion 7B of the rear plate 7, so that a rear wall is formed between the wall surface of the rear shell 3 and the end wall surface of the rear plate 7. The chamber 9 is formed.

Then, in this state, a part of the tubular hooking portion 2D is curved inward in the radial direction to form a few sub-engagement claws 2b, whereby the front shell 2, the front plate 5, the rear plate 7 are formed. And the rear shell 3 is integrally connected to each other.

Next, through holes are formed in the central shaft portions of the front plate 5, the rear plate 7, and the rear shell 3, respectively, and the stepped cylindrical valve body 12 is slidably penetrated into each of the through holes, and a seal is provided. The member 13 maintains airtightness between each through hole and the valve body 12.

A front power piston 14, a center power piston 15 and a rear power piston 16 are arranged in the front chamber 6, the center chamber 8 and the rear chamber 9, respectively, and the power pistons 14 to 16 are arranged in the valve body 12. A front diaphragm 17, a center diaphragm 18, and a rear diaphragm 19 are stretched on the rear side surfaces of the power pistons 14 to 16, respectively.

On the outer circumference of the stepped cylindrical valve body 12, from the front side to the rear side, a large diameter portion 12A, a medium diameter portion 12B and a small diameter portion are sequentially arranged.
12C is formed, and on the other hand, the shaft portion of each power piston 14 to 16 has a cylindrical portion projecting to the front side and extending in the axial direction.
14a, 15a, 16a are formed respectively, and the respective cylindrical portions 14a to 16a are fitted on the outer circumference of the valve body 12 so that the left end faces of the respective large diameter portions 12A, the medium diameter portion 12B and the small diameter portion 12C are the outer circumferential surfaces. It is brought into contact with the end surface of the step portion formed in (see FIG. 2).

In this way, the cylindrical part is attached to the shaft part of each power piston 14-16.
By forming 14a to 16a, it is possible to increase the rigidity of that portion, and if the outer periphery of the valve body 12 is formed in steps, each power piston 14 can be assembled when the brake booster is assembled.
It becomes easy to sequentially fit the 16 to 16 from the right end side of the valve body 12.

Further, on the right side of the end surface of each step portion with which the left end surface of each of the tubular portions 14a to 16a abuts, the annular groove 12 is provided in close proximity to each.
a is formed in each annular groove 12a.
Inner peripheral bead portions 17a, 18a and 19a of 17 to 19 are fitted to each other. Then, the cylindrical portion 14a of each power piston 14-16
~ 16a is superposed on each inner peripheral bead portion 17a ~ 19a, by integrally connecting each power piston 14 ~ 16 and each diaphragm 17 ~ 19 to the valve body 12, while maintaining the airtightness of that portion. There is.

On the other hand, the outer peripheral bead portions 17b, 18b, 19b of the diaphragms 17 to 19 are sandwiched by the front shell 2, the front plate 5, the rear plate 7 and the rear shell 3 described above.

That is, the outer peripheral bead portion 17 of the front diaphragm 17
b is a stepped end surface 2c between the small diameter portion 2A and the middle diameter portion 2B of the front shell 2, and an end surface 5a formed on the left side portion of the small diameter portion 5A of the front plate 5 so as to face the stepped end surface 2c. The front chamber 6 is partitioned into a constant pressure chamber A on the front side and a variable pressure chamber B on the rear side while maintaining the airtightness of that portion. At this time, the end surface 5a
The radially inward portion of the is projected annularly toward the step end surface 2c, so that the airtightness can be more reliably maintained.

Further, the outer peripheral bead portion 18b of the center diaphragm 18 is
Is a stepped end surface 5b between the small diameter portion 5A and the large diameter portion 5B of the front plate 5, and an end surface 7a formed on the left side portion of the tubular portion 7A of the rear plate 7 so as to face the stepped end surface 5b. The center chamber 8 is divided into a constant pressure chamber C on the front side and a variable pressure chamber D on the rear side. Further, the radially inner portions of the stepped end surface 5b and the end surface 7a are each projected in an annular shape toward the respective portions, thereby ensuring reliable airtightness.

Furthermore, the outer peripheral bead portion 19b of the rear diaphragm 19 is
The rear shell 3 is housed in an annular groove 3B which is formed in an outer peripheral portion of the rear shell 3 and opens outward in the radial direction, and the outer peripheral bead portion is formed.
19b is sandwiched between the inner peripheral surface of the annular groove 3B and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 7A of the rear plate 7, thereby maintaining the airtightness of that portion, and the rear chamber 9 is a constant pressure chamber on the front side. It is divided into an E and a transformer room F on the rear side.

Therefore, when assembling the brake booster,
First, with the opening of the stepped cup-shaped front shell 2 facing upward, the components described below and the inner peripheral bead portion 17a of the front power piston 14 and the front diaphragm 17 are described.
The valve body 12 connected to and is housed in the front shell 2.

And the outer peripheral bead portion 17 of the front diaphragm 17
When b is set on the step end face 2c of the front shell 2,
The front plate 5 is fitted into the front shell 2, and the step end surface 2c of the front shell 2 and the front plate 5 are fitted together.
The outer peripheral bead portion 17b of the front diaphragm 17 is sandwiched between the end surface 5a and the end surface 5a.

In this state, the center power piston 15 and the inner peripheral bead portion 18a of the center diaphragm 18 are connected to the valve body 12 and the center diaphragm 18
The outer peripheral bead portion 18b of the front plate 5 to the step end surface 5b
Set on top. Then, the rear plate 7 is fitted into the front shell 2, and the stepped end surface 5b of the front plate 5 and the end surface 7a of the rear plate 7 sandwich the outer peripheral bead portion 18b of the center diaphragm 18.

Then, after the rear power piston 16 and the outer peripheral bead portion 19a of the rear diaphragm 19 are connected to the valve body 12, the outer peripheral bead portion 19b of the rear diaphragm 19 is housed in the annular groove 3B of the rear shell 3. Then, the flange portion 3A of the rear shell 3 is replaced with the tubular hooking portion of the front shell.
By fitting it in 2D and pressing it to the flange portion 7B of the rear plate 7, the step end face 2a of the front shell 2 and the rear shell 3
The flange portion 5C of the front plate 5 and the flange portion 7B of the rear plate can be sandwiched between the flange portion 3A and the flange portion 3A, and they can be integrally connected to each other.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the brake booster can be assembled very easily.

However, a conventionally well-known valve mechanism 23 is housed inside the valve body 12, and the valve mechanism 23 is a valve body.
An annular first valve seat 24 formed on 12 and this annular first valve seat
An annular second valve seat 26 formed at the right end of a valve plunger 25 provided slidably on the valve body 12 inside 24.
And a valve element 28 which is seated on both valve seats 24 and 26 from the right side in FIG.

The space on the outer peripheral side of the annular seat portion where the first valve seat 24 and the valve body 28 are in contact with each other is communicated with the constant pressure chamber A of the front chamber 6 through the constant pressure passage 31 formed in the valve body 12 in the axial direction. The constant pressure chamber A is communicated with a negative pressure source such as an intake manifold (not shown) via a negative pressure introducing pipe 32 attached to the front shell 2.

Further, the valve body 12 has a radial constant pressure passage 33 which communicates the constant pressure passage 31 with the constant pressure chamber C of the center chamber 8.
And a constant pressure passage 34 in the radial direction that connects the constant pressure passage 31 and the constant pressure chamber E of the rear chamber 9 to each other, and the negative pressure introduced into the constant pressure chamber A is fixed to each constant pressure passage 31, 33, 34. The constant pressure chambers C and E can always be introduced into the constant pressure chambers C and E via the.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the constant pressure passage 34 in the radial direction is formed so as to overlap the tubular portion 16a of the rear power piston 16 and thereby the shaft of the brake booster device. The directional dimension can be shortened.

That is, the tubular portion 16a is formed with notches 16b at two diametrically opposed positions thereof, while the valve body 12 is provided with the above-mentioned outer peripheral surface on which the tubular portion 16a is fitted. The convex detent portions 12b that engage with the cutout portions 16b are formed respectively. The constant pressure passage 34 is opened in each convex detent portion 12b.

Therefore, according to such a configuration, as described above, the cylindrical portion 16a can be formed on the shaft portion of the rear power piston 16 to increase the rigidity of the portion, and the constant pressure passage can be formed.
Since the 34 and the tubular portion 16a of the rear power piston 16 are overlapped with each other, it is possible to reduce the axial dimension as compared with the case where they are arranged in series without overlapping.

It should be noted that such a configuration is adopted in the other radial constant pressure passage.
Of course, the same applies to 33. Further, although the cutout portion 16b is used as the rotation preventing portion in the above-described embodiment, they may be provided separately, and the cutout portion may of course be a through hole.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the first valve seat 24 and the valve body 28 are
The second valve seat 26 on the inner peripheral side of the annular seat portion in contact with
And the outer peripheral side of the annular seat portion where the valve body 28 contacts,
That is, the space between the two annular seat portions is communicated with the variable pressure chamber F of the rear chamber 9 through the variable pressure passage 38 formed in the valve body 12 in the radial direction.

Then, the first transformation chamber A is formed in the valve body 12.
The variable pressure chamber B of the front room 7 is communicated with the variable pressure chamber D of the center room 8 through the variable pressure passage 39 and the second variable pressure passage 40 formed in the valve body 12 independently of the first variable pressure passage 39. It communicates inside.

On the other hand, the space on the inner peripheral side of the annular seat portion where the second valve seat 26 and the valve element 28 are in contact with each other is communicated with the atmosphere via the axial pressure passage 41 and the filter 42.

Further, the right end portion of the valve plunger 25 slidably provided on the valve body 12 is connected to an input shaft 45 which is interlocked with a brake pedal (not shown), and the left end portion thereof is formed at the base of the push rod 46. It faces the right end surface of the reaction disk 47 housed in the recess 46a. The left end portion of the push rod 46 is slidably projected from the shaft portion of the front shell 1 to the outside through a seal member 48 and is interlocked with a piston of a master cylinder (not shown). Further, the valve body 12 and the like are normally held in a non-operating position in the drawing by a return spring 49.

In the above configuration, in the non-actuated state in which the brake pedal is not depressed, the valve body 28 is seated on the second valve seat 26 provided on the valve plunger 25 to close the pressure passage 41 communicating with the atmosphere. Since the valve body 28 is separated from the first valve seat 24, the constant pressure passage 31 which is always in communication with the constant pressure chambers A, C and E is in the variable pressure passage 38 which is in communication with the variable pressure chambers B, D and F. The negative pressure is introduced into all the chambers A to F in conjunction with each other.

When the brake pedal is stepped on from this state and the input shaft 25 is moved leftward, the valve body 28 is seated on the first valve seat 24, and the valve body 28 and the second valve seat 42 are separated from each other. Passage 31
The communication between the constant-pressure chambers A, C, and E and each of the variable-pressure chambers B, D, and F is cut off, and the air is introduced into each of the variable-pressure chambers B, D, and F. You.

Thereby, each of the constant pressure chambers A, C, E and each of the variable pressure chambers B, D, F
When there is a pressure difference between the power pistons 14 to 16 and the valve body 12 and the like, the push rod 27 is moved forward to integrally move to the left, and brake fluid pressure is generated in a master cylinder (not shown) for brake operation. Let me do it.

When the brake pedal depressing force is released from the brake operating state, the flow path of the valve mechanism 23 is switched, the communication between the variable pressure chambers B, D and F and the atmosphere is cut off, and the variable pressure chambers B, D and F are also released. Is communicated with the constant pressure chambers A, C, E, so that the atmosphere in each of the variable pressure chambers B, D, F escapes to the negative pressure source (not shown) via the constant pressure chamber A.

At this time, the atmosphere in the variable pressure chamber D can escape independently through the first variable pressure passage 39 and the atmosphere in the variable pressure chamber B can independently escape through the second variable pressure passage 40. It is possible to prevent a risk that is likely to occur when 39 is merged in the middle of the second variable pressure passage 40, in particular, a delay in escape of the atmosphere on the variable pressure chamber D side.

When the pressure in each of the variable pressure chambers B, D, and F is rapidly reduced, the power pistons 14 to 16 are quickly returned to their original non-operating positions by the return spring 49.

4 and 5 show other embodiments of the present invention, respectively. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the front plate 5 includes a middle diameter portion 2B and a small diameter portion 2C of the front shell 2. The tapered portion 2d is formed along the inner surface of the tapered portion 2d, and the tapered portion 5c is cut at the large-diameter side portion to omit the right side portion. The front plate 5 is fixed to the front shell 2 by sandwiching the tapered portion 5c between the front shell 2 and the rear plate 7.

Also, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the right side portion of the front plate 5 is omitted from the same position as in FIG. 4, but instead of forming the tapered portion 5c, that portion is formed in the cylindrical portion 5d, Also, the right end face of the cylindrical portion 5d is the end face of the rear plate 7.
It is designed to be supported by 7a.

Of course, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the other parts are constructed in the same manner as the above-mentioned embodiment.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the pressure fluid from the variable pressure chamber in the center chamber is passed through the first variable pressure passage to the rear chamber, and the pressure fluid from the variable pressure chamber in the front chamber is changed to the second pressure fluid. Since it can be discharged to the rear chamber via the variable pressure passage, the exhaust flows interfere with each other as in the case where the first variable pressure passage and the second variable pressure passage are combined, and the discharge is smoothly performed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the delay of the operation release of the brake booster from being lost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 3, and FIG.
Sectional views taken along the lines and FIGS. 4 to 5 are sectional views of the essential parts showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... Shell, 5 ... Front plate 6 ... Front chamber, 7 ... Rear plate 8 ... Center chamber, 9 ... Rear chamber 12 ... Valve body 14 ... Front power piston 15 ... Center power piston 16 ... … Rear power piston 17 …… Front diaphragm 18 …… Center diaphragm 19 …… Rear diaphragm 23 …… Valve mechanism 31, 33, 34 …… Constant pressure passage 38 …… Transforming passage 39 …… First transforming passage 40 …… Second Variable pressure passage 41 …… Pressure passage 45 …… Input shaft 46 …… Push rod A, C, E …… Constant pressure chamber B, D, F …… Transformation chamber

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A front plate and a rear plate, which are arranged and fixed in a shell and are divided into a front chamber, a center chamber and a rear chamber in the shell, and the front plate and the rear plate are slidably pierced and arranged. The installed valve body, the front power piston, the center power piston and the rear power piston, which are respectively arranged in the front chamber, the center chamber and the rear chamber and connected to the valve body, and the front power piston, the center power piston and the rear power piston. A front diaphragm, a center diaphragm and a rear diaphragm which are stretched on the respective rear side surfaces and partition the front chamber, the center chamber and the rear chamber into a constant pressure chamber on the front side and a variable pressure chamber on the rear side,
A constant pressure passage communicating between the constant pressure chambers formed in the front chamber, the center chamber and the rear chamber, a variable pressure passage communicating between the variable pressure chambers formed in the front chamber, the center chamber and the rear chamber, and the valve body. A valve mechanism that is housed inside and that switches the communication state between the constant pressure passage, the variable pressure passage, and the pressure passage that supplies pressure fluid, and is moved forward and backward in conjunction with the brake pedal, and the flow passage of the valve mechanism according to the operation. An input shaft for switching between the variable pressure chamber and the rear variable pressure chamber, and a push rod for transmitting output to the piston of the master cylinder in conjunction with the valve body. From the first variable pressure passage and the second variable pressure passage that communicates between the variable pressure chamber of the front room and the variable pressure chamber of the rear room independently of the first variable pressure passage. A brake booster characterized by being configured.