JP2545480B2 - Functional food material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a functional food material having a pharmacological action.

[Prior Art] In recent years, as the public's health awareness has been raised, foods have been found to have added value other than the value as a nutritional source, and a so-called functional food material having functionality (for example, pharmacological action) has been developed. Has been done. Among them, functional foods related to lipids include lecithin, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid, γ-linolenic acid, γ-oryzanol, octacosanol, plant sterols and the like.

Also, royal jelly, which is a secretory of worker bees, has been attracting attention for a long time as it has effects such as nourishment, tonicity, and anti-aging. Royal jelly contains 10-hydroxydecenoic acid, pterin derivatives, R substances, vitamins, minerals, waxes, etc. as components, and 10-hydroxydecenoic acid has a pharmacological effect (preservation and bactericidal properties) among them. Has been confirmed. Usually, the royal jelly is used in the form of a raw protein, a deproteinized royal jelly obtained by removing the protein contained in the royal jelly, a dried royal jelly or the like. There are also products in which only the 10-hydroxydecenoic acid component is highly purified, but they are only used for limited applications, such as reagents. At present, 10-hydroxydecenoic acid is provided in a free acid state without any modification.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, raw royal jelly easily rots at room temperature, is viscous, and has a peculiar odor, so it is difficult to take as it is. Further, when 10-hydroxydecenoic acid is taken in a free state, there is a problem that the absorption efficiency in the body is poor.
Further, the conventional royal jelly and the processed products thereof have been almost independently taken for the purpose of recovery from fatigue, etc., with the same sensation as drugs.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to have good storage stability in a state of being mixed with foods that are ingested daily, and it is possible to ingest it together with foods in a natural form and pharmacological action. It is to provide functional food materials that exhibit

[Means and Actions for Solving the Problems] The inventors of the present application have conducted repeated research on food materials that have high added value for food processing and storage in addition to the functionality of functional foods, and have determined the lipid fraction of royal jelly. It was found that a functional food material containing glyceride synthesized by adding glycerin and lipase as an enzyme to a raw material containing the glycerol and reacting the lipid fraction of royal jelly with glycerin achieves the above object.

When the functional food material of the present invention is used as a preservative, a bactericide, an emulsifier, etc. added to foods, it has a pharmacological action of lowering blood pressure and cholesterol level of itself, preventing component diseases such as hypertension, and treating diseases. Can be expected to be applied to.

The royal jelly used as a raw material may be either raw or processed, and the production area is not limited. The royal jelly is treated with an organic solvent such as ethanol, chloroform, hexane or the like or an organic solvent mixed with water to extract a lipid-rich fraction, and the extract is concentrated as it is or to an appropriate concentration. When a lower alcohol is used as the organic solvent, the lipid component 10-hydroxydecenoic acid is not in the free acid state but is extracted as a mixture with the ester of the alcohol used. Analysis of the concentrate after treatment with twice the amount of ethanol as 1 part of royal jelly revealed that 10-hydroxydecenoic acid was 2% and decanoic acid was 0.3%.
%, Glucose 2%, sucrose 1.8%, sterol (sterine) 0.2%, wax 0.32% (all values are percentages relative to the raw material). Glucose and sucrose are not lipids, but they are extracted with lipids because they dissolve in ethanol.

The concentrate can be used as it is as a functional food material, but a glyceride obtained by modifying this concentrate is particularly excellent as a functional food material. 10 from the concentrate
-When it is necessary to separate a lipid such as hydroxydecenoic acid and a sugar from each other, when the concentrate is heated to about 50 ° C, the concentrate is separated into a lipid layer and a sugar layer, so that the concentrate is easily separated. If you want to obtain high-purity fatty acids with 10 carbon chains such as 10-hydroxydecenoic acid, you can use a high-speed preparative liquid that uses silica gel chromatography or liquid chromatography such as normal phase, reverse phase, or ion exchange. It may be purified by chromatography.

To obtain glyceride, the concentrate or the purified product is prepared so that the water content is 0.005 to 20%, and lipase is allowed to act on it. There are many literatures on the synthesis of glyceride by lipase, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Lipases of different origins are used depending on whether the desired product is monoglyceride, diglyceride or triglyceride.

For example, Candida genus, Corynebacterium genus, Staphylococcus (Staph)
ylococcus) and Pseudomonas lipase do not show specificity, so if you want to give specificity to the 1st and 3rd positions, Aspergil (Aspergil
genus lus, genus Mucor, Rhizopus
A genus is used. Other Geotricum
um) lipases may also be used. These may be used alone or in any combination.

In the reaction, the lipase may be used as it is, but it is preferable from the viewpoint of cost to carry out the reaction continuously by binding to the immobilized carrier. The reaction temperature is usually 20 to 60 ° C.
Incubate for 50 hours. The amount of enzyme is 500 to 50,000 units,
It is appropriately selected depending on the amount of substrate used and the reaction time.

The reaction substrate is a mixture of fatty acid and its ester in royal jelly and glycerin or partial glyceride. The organic solvent extract of royal jelly is dried to give an extract, and heat is applied to the extract to obtain a fraction containing a large amount of fatty acids. The fatty acids contained in this fraction
There are 10-hydroxydecenoic acid, capric acid, and a small amount of stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and the like. When a lower alcohol such as methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol is used as an organic solvent when extracting a lipid fraction from royal jelly, the fatty acid is extracted not as a free organic acid but as an ester of the lower alcohol. Esters are used as reaction substrates. Monoglycerides and diglycerides are used as the partial glycerides, and those obtained by a chemical synthesis method or by hydrolyzing triglycerides can be used.

After the reaction is completed, the organic solvent layer is collected. This can be separated into triglyceride, diglyceride and monoglyceride by gel filtration, but there is no problem even in the state of a mixture.
In addition to glyceride, the lipid fraction in royal jelly may be added.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Glycerin (1.5 g) and hexane (20 g) were added with a lipid fraction (2 g) of royal jelly containing 1% water, and pancreatin F (trade name, manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) as lipase was added to the mixture.
000 units were added and reacted at 30 ° C. for 40 hours. After that, the hexane layer was collected and the high performance liquid chromatograph LC-8A was used.
The glyceride fraction and the fatty acid fraction were separated by (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Analysis of the glyceride fraction revealed that 35% of all fatty acids were glycerides.

Next, the following pharmacological test was carried out using 0.9 g of the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent of the glyceride fraction and suspending it with 200 ml of physiological saline as a test solution.

Hypertensive rats (SHR) were divided into 20 groups each, and the test solution was orally administered 3 times daily at 1 ml each. As a control, only saline was administered, and as a comparison, the lipid fraction and 10-hydroxydecenoic acid (10-HDA) in royal jelly were compared.
Abbreviated) was also tested. The blood pressure of rats in each group was measured 1 week, 1 month, and 2 months later, and
Shown in the table.

As is apparent from Table 1, the control group of rats had an increase in blood pressure with growth, as is commonly seen in hypertensive rats. Further, in the group of rats administered with the test solution containing 10-hydroxydecenoic acid, the blood pressure one week after administration was almost the same as that at the beginning, and the blood pressure slightly decreased after one month and two months. That is, 10-hydroxydecenoic acid had an effect of suppressing an increase in blood pressure, but had a slight effect of decreasing blood pressure. On the other hand, in the group of rats to which the lipid fraction in royal jelly and the test solution containing the glyceride were administered, the blood pressure was significantly decreased one week after the administration, and the blood pressure was further significantly decreased one month after the administration, and thereafter it was almost constant. Held in a state. or,
The survival rate of the rats after the test was also high. That is, it was confirmed that the lipid fraction in royal jelly and its glyceride have an action of rapidly lowering blood pressure, and glyceride is more effective than the lipid fraction in royal jelly.

[Example 2] 2 g of glycerin and 20 g of hexane were added with 2 g of a lipid fraction of royal jelly containing 0.5% of water, and lipase F was added thereto.
(Trade name, manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and purified lipase (manufactured by Sigma) were added at 5000 units each, and reacted at 30 ° C. for 40 hours. After that, a hexane layer was collected, and hereinafter, Example 1 was used.
A glycerin fraction was obtained by the same procedure as in. This fraction contained 38% of all fatty acids.

0.1% of the glyceride fraction in commercial soft drinks
When the microorganisms were added and subjected to a breeding test, the ones without addition had increased turbidity of the liquid to cause precipitation, and a mold fermentation odor was produced, whereas the ones to which the glyceride fraction of the present invention was added were unsealed. There was no change from before, and no mold or yeast reproduction was detected in the microbial test.

Furthermore, the addition amount was increased to 5% and the taste and the change with time were examined, but there was no change at all, and it was confirmed that the product could be put to practical use.

[Example 3] Regarding the glyceride fraction obtained in Example 1, the lipid fraction in royal jelly and three types of test solutions in which these were mixed 1: 1, test solution 20%, cholesterol 2%, bile acid
Prepare a diet containing 0.5% each and give it to rats. 4
Serum cholesterol levels were measured after a week. For comparison, coconut oil and corn oil were used. 1 rat
A group of 20 animals was used. The results are shown in Table 2.

As is clear from Table 2, when the test solution containing the glyceride fraction of the present invention was used, a remarkable effect of significantly lowering the cholesterol level was observed. Rats survived at the end of the study in all groups.

[Example 4] The following test was performed on the glyceride fraction obtained in Example 2. Using 20 rats per group, after fasting for 4 days, the glyceride fraction was orally administered, and the behavior of the rats thereafter was observed every hour. Coconut oil, as a comparison
A group of rats that received the same amount (equivalent amount) as the fatty acid in the glyceride fraction for corn oil was also examined.

The rats to which the glyceride fraction of the present invention was administered became active after 1 hour, while the rats to which coconut oil or corn oil had been administered showed slow movement. Also, after 3 hours, movement was observed in the rats of Comparative Examples, but it was inferior to the rats of the glyceride fraction. As described above, it was confirmed that glyceride in the lipid fraction was absorbed faster than fats and oils and was excellent as a nutrient.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, when the food material of the present invention is added to foods, it is effective in preventing and treating component diseases, particularly hypertension, as it has the effect of lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels as well as increasing preservability. Is. Further, since it is rapidly absorbed, it serves as a quick nutritional source and can be used as an oral nutritional supplement. In addition, the raw materials used are derived from natural products and are excellent in safety.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A raw material containing a lipid fraction of royal jelly,
A functional food material containing glyceride synthesized by adding glycerin and lipase as an enzyme, and reacting the lipid fraction of royal jelly with glycerin. 2. The functional food material according to claim 1, wherein the glyceride contains glyceride of 10-hydroxydecenoic acid.