JP2537952B2 - Electric radiator - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric radiator such as a panel heater, a radiator and a baseboard heater which heats a living space by radiation and convection heat radiation.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional electric radiators of this type are disclosed in, for example, Jpn.
As shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2, the structure was as shown in FIG.

That is, a hollow panel body is formed by the front plate 1 and the back plate 2, the planar heating element 3 is laminated on the back surface of the front plate 1, and the planar member is fixed via the spring member 4 fixed to the back plate 2. It is composed of a support member 5 pressed against the heating element 3 and a temperature control device 6 such as a thermostat and a thermal fuse thermally coupled thereto. As a result, the temperature of the sheet heating element 3 is kept constant, and predetermined radiation and convection heat radiation is performed from the front surface of the front plate 1. This type is mainly for radiation and heat dissipation, but as the convection type, there is one as shown in FIG. 5 shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-47808. This is one in which a sheathed heater 8 and a shielding plate 9 are fixed inside the casing 7, and when the sheathed heater 8 generates heat, the air in contact with the surface and the surface of the shielding plate 9 is warmed and becomes an updraft, Convection heat is radiated from the upper opening 7a of the casing 7.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The panel heater shown in FIG. 4 is mainly radiant and heat radiating, and in order to obtain a heat radiation amount capable of sufficient room heating, the surface temperature thereof should be at least 100 ° C. or more. There must be. It is very dangerous that the panel surface, which can be easily touched by a person, becomes hot.

Moreover, in the panel heater shown in FIG.
There is a high-temperature sheathed heater 8 inside, and active heat generation mainly due to convection occurs. It can be said that the outer surface temperature of the casing 7 also rises considerably, and radiation is released from that surface, so that a sufficient amount of heat radiation can be obtained. However, the heater temperature is at least
Since the temperature is high at 300 to 400 ° C., a partition wall such as the shielding plate 9 must be provided for safety, and the casing 7 is inevitably thick.

Further, when a heater other than the planar heating element 3 is provided inside the panel heater having the structure as shown in FIG. 4 to increase the amount of heat radiation, thermal interference occurs between the heaters and the temperature of the heater is increased for safety. A temperature control device such as a thermostat for controlling is required. This temperature control device also impedes convective heat dissipation and results in increased panel thickness.

In view of this, the present invention provides a panel heater that has a thin panel and can safely and sufficiently dissipate heat so that comfortable room heating can be performed.

Means for Solving the Problems Technical means of the present invention for achieving the above object are
At least three heater units in which a heating element having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (hereinafter referred to as a PTC heating element) and a flat heat radiation plate are laminated are arranged in parallel with each other at a distance, and a pair of outermost ones are arranged. The heater unit serves as a heat radiating case for radiating and convective heat radiation toward the outside, the other heater units serve as convective heat radiation promoting plates, and the distance between the heater units is variable.

Action The action of this technical means is as follows.

The PTC heating elements stacked on the inner surface of the heat radiation case and the PTC heating elements of the heater unit provided in the heat radiation case in parallel with each other at a distance in order to promote convective heat radiation interfere with each other as the temperature rises. Like Therefore, although the PTC heating element provided inside to promote convective heat dissipation is suppressed by the PTC heating element inside the heat dissipation case, there is almost no temperature rise due to the PTC characteristics, and power consumption is automatic. Will be controlled. Then, inside the heat radiating case, parallel cavities whose surfaces are substantially isothermal are formed by a flat plate heater unit in which PTC heating elements are laminated.

Also, since another flat plate heater unit is provided inside the heat dissipation case and the heating element is a PTC heating element, convective heat dissipation can be significantly promoted in a safe and thin shape.
A panel heater having a sufficient heat radiation amount can be realized.

Example Hereinafter, one example of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, 10 and 10 are a pair of flat plate-shaped heat radiating plates whose outer peripheral portions are box-bent, and are formed by stacking strip-shaped PCT heating elements 11 vertically arranged on the inner surface thereof in several stages. A pair of heater units are configured, and the left and right sides are side plates
The heat radiating case 12 is configured by closing the lid with 10a.

In addition, the PTC heating element 11 is provided inside the heat dissipation case 12.
Another plate-shaped heater unit 13 that is similarly laminated is provided substantially in parallel, and a rotary shaft for rotating the heater unit 13 inside the heat dissipation case 12 is provided at the center of the heater unit 13. 14 are provided integrally. A knob 15 is attached to the end of the rotary shaft 14 so that the heater unit 13 can be inserted from the outside of the heat dissipation case 12.
Can be rotated. The heat dissipation case
12 has openings 12a at its upper and lower ends and is integrally supported by legs 16.

Further, the PTC heating element 11 has a cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. 2, and has a thin plate-like positive temperature coefficient of resistance.
A pair of electrodes 18 are arranged on both surfaces of the PTC resistor 17, and a band-like structure is formed by the insulating film 19 on the outside thereof.

 Next, the operation of the configuration of this embodiment will be described.

By energizing the PTC heating element 11, the temperature of the outer surface of the heat radiating case 12 constituted by the heat radiating plates 10 and 10 rises, and radiative convection heat radiation is generated from the outer surface. Further, heat is also radiated by natural convection on the inner surface of the heat dissipation case 12, and the air enters the inside of the heat dissipation case through the opening 12a at the lower end and flows toward the opening 12a at the upper end. Similar natural convection also occurs near the heater unit 13, and the space surrounded by the heat dissipation case 12 and the heater unit 13 becomes a chimney-shaped convection heat dissipation space to generate vigorous convection heat dissipation. In particular, the resistance temperature characteristic of the PTC heating element 11 causes the heater unit 13 to become a substantially isothermal wall without abnormally increasing the temperature, which promotes the stack effect, and the presence or absence of the heater unit 13 causes a large difference in the convective heat radiation amount. Will occur.

As a result, the thickness of the heat dissipation case 12 can be reduced to obtain a sufficient amount of heat without sacrificing safety even with a panel heater having a thin shape which has never been used in the past, and comfortable heating can be achieved.

Further, in this embodiment, by rotating the knob 15 to adjust the distance between the upper and lower ends of the heater unit 13 and the heat dissipation case, the same operation as changing the opening area of the upper and lower openings 12a is obtained. The amount of convective heat radiation inside the heat dissipation case 12 can be easily controlled without the need for a control circuit or the like. This was achieved without sacrificing safety because the heater unit was composed of a flat plate-shaped radiator plate using the PTC heating element as a heat source.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the PTC heating element is a band-shaped heating element having a thin-walled heating structure as shown in FIG. 2, it is easier to take out heat to the heat radiating plate than other PTC heating elements. The output can be realized, and the leakage current can be reduced for a device having such a large heat dissipation surface.

Further, even a thin panel heater can obtain a sufficient amount of heat radiation due to convection, so that the output of the PTC heating element is automatically controlled according to the room temperature, and it becomes possible to provide a heating appliance with more energy saving than ever before.

In this embodiment, the rotary shaft 14 as shown in FIG. 1 is provided in the central portion of the heater unit 13, but it is provided above or below the heater unit 13, and only the upper or lower end of the heater unit 13 radiates heat. The same effect can be obtained even if the structure approaches the case 12.

 Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment. The ends of the support fittings 18 are inserted into the slits 17a provided at the ends of the heat radiating plate 17, and four pairs of the support fittings 18 in the upper, lower, left, and right directions are riveted 27 in the central part, and the connecting parts 27 are centered. The heat dissipating case 19 is configured so that the distance between the pair of heat dissipating plates 17 can be varied by rotating the support fitting 18. In addition, the heat dissipation case 19
Inside, the heater unit 20 is fixed to the rivet joint portion 27 so as to be substantially parallel to the heat dissipation plate 17. A band-shaped PTC heating element as shown in FIG. 2 is laminated on the heat radiating plate 17 and the heater unit 20 to be integrally formed.

As described above, in the case where the thickness of the heat dissipation case 20 is variable, in the case of this example, the control range of the convection heat dissipation amount is much larger than that of the above-described embodiment, and the usability is improved.

As described above, the electric radiator of the present invention can change the amount of heat radiation without impairing safety, and a sufficient amount of heat radiation can be obtained even if it is made thin.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, the present invention has a heater unit in which a heating element having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance and a plate-shaped heat dissipation plate are laminated, and the heating element is located inside and the heat dissipation plate is located outside. A heat dissipating case, which is opposed in parallel at a predetermined interval to radiate and convective heat dissipation, and a heat dissipating case are provided in the heat dissipating case in parallel with each other so as to promote convective heat dissipation. The heating unit having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance and a flat heat dissipation plate are laminated, and the distance between the heater units is variable. As a result, it is possible to obtain a safe and sufficient amount of heat radiation, though the thickness is smaller than in the past.

That is, according to the present invention, the heat radiation amount can be easily adjusted by simply changing the distance between the heater units formed in a flat plate shape without using a control device for varying the power consumption or the temperature of the heating element. The temperature rise is controlled by the positive temperature coefficient of resistance, and safety is secured. Further, since the calorific value is automatically controlled according to the room temperature, the usability is improved and an energy saving heating appliance can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cross section of an essential part of a panel heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cross section of an essential part of the PTC heating element, and FIG. 3 is a panel of another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an essential part of the heater, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an essential part of a conventional panel heater, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an essential part of another conventional panel heater. 10, 17 ...... Heat sink, 14 ...... Rotating shaft, 18 ...... Support metal fittings (means for changing the spacing between heater units), 11 ...... PTC heating element, 12, 19 ...... Heat dissipation case, 13, 20 ...... Heater unit.

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Wataru Ichihara 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP 58-127022 (JP, A) Jitsuko 49-11406 (JP) , Y1) Jikkou 48-34140 (JP, Y1) Microfilm (JP, U1) of the contents of the specification and drawings attached to the application of Jpn. App. No. 46-117859 (Jpn. )

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heater unit in which a heating element having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance and a plate-shaped heat dissipation plate are laminated at least three in parallel with each other with a space therebetween, and a pair of outermost heater units. Is a heat dissipation case for radiating and convectively radiating outward, the other heater units are used as convection heat dissipation promoting plates, and the distance between the heater units is variable. 2. A means for rotating a heater unit provided inside a heat dissipation case to change a distance between an upper end of the heater unit and the heat dissipation case or a distance between a lower end of the heater unit and the heat dissipation case. The electric radiator according to claim 1.