JP2536960Y2 - Signal switching circuit and high frequency circuit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a switch switching circuit for switching, synthesizing or dividing a high-frequency signal, and a high-frequency circuit.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, a switch or a hybrid circuit has been used to arrange two or more amplifiers in parallel and combine or switch output signals of the amplifiers.

First, a description will be given with reference to a block diagram of a first conventional example shown in FIG.

The second terminal of the switch 19 is used as a signal input terminal 21, and the fourth terminal is terminated by a terminator 23. Switch 19
Has a first terminal connected to an amplifier (HPA1) 29 via a transmission line 25, and a third terminal connected to an amplifier (HPA2) 30 having substantially the same transmission characteristics as the amplifier 29 via a transmission line 26. . The first terminal of the switch 29 is connected to the amplifier via the transmission line 27.
The third terminal is connected to an amplifier 30 via a transmission line 28.
It is connected to the. The terminator 24 is connected to the second terminal of the switch 20.
Are connected, and the fourth terminal is an output terminal 22 of this circuit.

 Next, the operation of this circuit will be described.

The first terminal and the second terminal of the switch 19 are in a state where the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively connected, and the first terminal and the fourth terminal of the switch 20 are the second terminal and the fourth terminal. When the three terminals are connected to each other, the signal input to the input terminal 21 is output from the output terminal 22 through the amplifier 29 side.

Also, the first terminal and the fourth terminal of the switch 19 are in a state where the second terminal and the third terminal are respectively connected,
And when the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch 20 are in the state where the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively connected,
The signal input to the input terminal 21 passes through the amplifier 30 and is output from the output terminal 22.

In the case of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, the signal input to the input terminal 21 can be output by selecting one of the amplifiers 29 and 30, but the output signals from the two amplifiers 29 and 30 are combined. There is a disadvantage that you can not.

Next, a description will be given with reference to a block diagram of a second conventional example shown in FIG.

A first terminal of the hybrid circuit (H1) 29 is a signal input terminal 31, and a second terminal is an amplifier (HP) via a transmission line 35.
A1) 33, and the third terminal is connected to an amplifier (HPA2) 34 via a transmission line 36. Hybrid circuit (H2) 30
Is connected to the amplifier 33 via the transmission line 37,
The third terminal is connected to the amplifier 34 via the transmission line 38, and the first terminal is the output terminal 32 of the circuit.

Here, the first terminals of the hybrid circuits 29 and 30 are terminals for inputting a signal or outputting a composite signal, and the second and third terminals are for dividing the input signal into equal amplitude signals or for inputting signals of equal amplitude. This is a hybrid terminal. For these hybrid circuits 29 and 30, a 90 ° hybrid such as a well-known 3 dB directional coupler or a 180 ° hybrid such as Magic T is used. When using the above 90 ° hybrid, the hybrid circuits 29 and 30 are:
The signal input to the first terminal is connected to the second terminal and the third terminal.
Divide by 90 ° phase difference with terminal Further, the above-described hybrid circuits 29 and 30 have a fourth terminal (not shown) which is an isolation terminal with respect to the first terminal.
A signal generated at the fourth terminal due to signal reflection at the first to third terminals, an unbalance of a signal combining ratio or a signal dividing ratio between the second terminal and the third terminal, and the like are applied to the fourth terminal. For absorption, a terminator (not shown) is connected.

 Next, the operation of the circuit of FIG. 4 will be described.

The signal input to the input terminal 31 is distributed and input to the amplifier 33 and the amplifier 34 by the hybrid circuit 29. The signals amplified by the amplifiers 33 and 34 are combined again by the hybrid circuit 30 and output from the output terminal 32. Here, if one of the amplifiers, for example, the amplifier 33 fails and does not produce an output signal, the output signal of the amplifier 34 is equally divided into the first terminal and the fourth terminal of the hybrid circuit 30, and The signal generated at the terminal is absorbed by the terminator. Therefore, the output power from the output terminal 32 is half of the output power from the amplifier 34.

As described above, in this circuit, the amplifier 33 and
It is possible to combine the output signals from 34, but if one of the amplifiers 33 or 34 fails, only one of the amplifiers can be used, so the output power of the circuit is half of the output power of one amplifier. Had the disadvantage of becoming That is, unlike the first conventional example, there is a disadvantage that the output of one of the amplifiers cannot be selected through a low-loss path.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

As described above, in the prior art, selection of two input signals or arbitrary selection of two states of synthesis can be performed by the same circuit with low loss, or conversely, selection or division of two signals can be performed. Arbitrary choice of state could not be made possible by the same circuit with low loss.

[Means for solving the problem]

The signal switching circuit according to the present invention has a first terminal in which a first terminal and a second terminal are connected and a third terminal and a fourth terminal are connected.
And a second state in which the first terminal and the fourth terminal are connected and the second terminal and the third terminal are connected.
And a hybrid circuit in which the first terminal is a combined or input terminal and the second and third terminals are hybrid terminals. In a signal switching circuit for connecting directly between a first and a second switch and each terminal of the hybrid circuit or by a transmission line, a first and a third terminal of the first switch are respectively a first and a second terminal. An input or output terminal; a first terminal of the second switch being an output or input terminal; a second terminal of the first switch being connected to a third terminal of the hybrid circuit; The fourth terminal of the switch is connected to the second terminal of the second switch, and the third terminal of the second switch is connected to the second terminal of the hybrid circuit.
And a fourth terminal of the second switch is connected to a first terminal of the hybrid circuit.

〔Example〕

 Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a first terminal of a switch 1 is an input terminal 3
The third terminal is an input terminal 4 and the first terminal of the switch 2 is an output terminal 5. A second terminal of the switch 1 is connected to a third terminal of the hybrid circuit (H1) 6 via a transmission line 7, and a fourth terminal is connected to a second terminal of the switch 2 via a transmission line 8. The third terminal of the switch 2 is connected to a second terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 via a transmission line 9, and the fourth terminal is connected to a first terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 via a transmission line 10. The switches 1 and 2 are the same as the switches 19 and 20 in FIG. 3, and the hybrid circuit 6 is the same as the hybrid circuit 29 in FIG.
And the same as 30.

Here, the switches 1 and 2 have a first state in which the first terminal and the second terminal are connected and the third terminal and the fourth terminal are connected, and a first state in which the first terminal and the fourth terminal are connected. And at least two states, a second state in which the second terminal and the third terminal are connected. The terminal conditions of the hybrid circuit 6 are the same as those of the hybrid circuits 29 and 30 in the conventional example. Hybrid circuit 6
The signal isolation between the second terminal and the third terminal is sufficiently large. In general, the passage loss of the switches 1 and 2 is smaller than the passage loss of the hybrid circuit 6.

Next, an operation of selecting and outputting only one of the two input signals in this circuit will be described.

The first terminal and the second terminal of the switch 1 are in a state where the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively connected, and the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch 2 are the third terminal and the fourth terminal. When the terminals are connected to each other in the first state (the state shown in FIG. 1), the signal input from the input terminal 3 is not output from the output terminal 5. The signal input from the input terminal 4 does not pass through the hybrid circuit 6 and the switch 1
And 2 are output from the output terminal 5 with low loss.

The operation when a signal is input from the input terminal 3 will be described in detail. The signal input to the first terminal of the switch 1 is input to the third terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 via the second terminal and the transmission line 7. The signal input to the third terminal is divided approximately equally between the first terminal and the fourth terminal, and the signal generated at the fourth terminal is absorbed by the terminator. On the other hand, the signal generated at the first terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 is the transmission line 1
0, is input to the second terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 via the fourth and third terminals of the switch 2 and the transmission line 9.
The signal input to the second terminal is substantially equally divided between the first terminal and the fourth terminal, and the signal generated at the fourth terminal is absorbed by the terminator. The signal generated at the first terminal is input again to the second terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 as described above. Through the above process, the second circuit of the hybrid circuit 6
Since the signal input to the terminal is almost equally divided each time,
All signals input to the third terminal are eventually absorbed by the terminator. Therefore, the switches 1 and 2 are connected to the first
In this state, the signal input from the input terminal 3 is not output from the output terminal 5.

The first terminal and the fourth terminal of the switch 1 are in a state where the second terminal and the third terminal are connected, respectively, and the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch 2 are the third terminal and the fourth terminal. When the terminals are connected to each other, the signal input from the input terminal 3 passes through the switches 1 and 2 without passing through the hybrid circuit 6 and is output from the output terminal 5 with low loss. Also, the signal input from the input terminal 4 is absorbed by the terminator connected to the fourth terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 like the signal input from the input terminal 3 in the first state, and the output terminal 5 Is not output to

Next, the operation of combining and outputting the two input signals will be described.

The first terminal and the second terminal of the switch 1 are in a state where the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively connected, and the first terminal and the fourth terminal of the switch 2 are the second terminal and the fourth terminal. When the three terminals are connected to each other, signals input from the input terminal 3 and the input terminal 4 are combined by the hybrid circuit 6 and output via the switch 2 to the output terminal 5.
Output. The signal input to the input terminal 3 is input to the third terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 via the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch 1 and the transmission line 7, and the input terminal 4
Is input to the second terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 via the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the switch 1 and the transmission line 9, and the signal generated at the first terminal of the hybrid circuit 6 is transmitted. The signal is output from the output terminal 5 via the line 10, the fourth terminal of the switch 2, and the first terminal.

The first terminal and the fourth terminal of the switch 1 are in a state where the second terminal and the third terminal are respectively connected, and the first terminal and the fourth terminal of the switch 2 are the second terminal and the fourth terminal. When the three terminals are connected to each other, the signals input from the input terminal 3 and the input terminal 4 are combined by the hybrid circuit 6 and the output terminal
Output from

The two states of the signal switching circuit that combines or selects two input signals and outputs the combined signals have been described above.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG.

The first terminal of the hybrid circuit (H2) 18 is a signal input terminal 17, and the second terminal is an amplifier (HP) via a transmission line 13.
A1) The input terminal of the switch 15 is connected, and the output terminal of the amplifier 15 is connected to the first terminal of the switch 1 via the transmission line 11.
The hybrid circuit 18 has the same configuration as the hybrid circuit 6 described above, and includes the fourth terminal and the terminator (not shown). The hybrid circuit 18 may be replaced by another signal branch circuit. Hybrid circuit
A third terminal 18 is connected via a transmission line 14 to an input terminal of an amplifier (HPA2) 16 having substantially the same transmission characteristics as the amplifier 15. The output terminal of the amplifier 16 is connected to the third terminal of the switch 1 via the transmission line 12. The configuration and operation of the signal switching circuit composed of the switches 1 and 2, the hybrid circuit 6 and the transmission lines 7 to 10 are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. The signals input from the amplifiers 15 and 16 correspond to the two input signals in the first embodiment.

By selecting the state of the switch 1 and the switch 2 by the same operation as the embodiment of FIG. 1, a state in which only the signal passing through the amplifier 15 is output and a state in which only the signal passing through the amplifier 16 is output , Amplifiers 15 and 16 can be arbitrarily selected. In addition, when the output is made by passing through only one of the amplifiers 15 and 16, the signal is passed through a low-loss switch without passing through the hybrid circuit, so that there is an advantage that a high output can be obtained.

In the description of the second embodiment, the output signals of the two amplifiers have been described as examples of the two signals input to the signal switching circuit. However, this input signal is not limited to the amplifier output, and may be a general microwave circuit or Obviously, the same effect can be obtained even with the output signal of the device.

In the embodiment of the present invention, if the input terminal and the output terminal of the signal are completely reversed, the embodiment is a reversible circuit. Therefore, by selecting the switching state of the switch, one input terminal and two output terminals are selected. It is obvious that it can be used as a signal selection circuit or a signal division circuit for selecting and outputting an input signal to any output terminal.

When the input signal is a high-frequency signal, a circuit using a waveguide, a coaxial line, a strip line, or the like is used for the switch and the hybrid circuit. Although the connection between the switch and the hybrid circuit has been described as an example in which the connection is made via a transmission line, it goes without saying that this may be directly connected.

[Effect of the invention]

As described above, according to the present invention, by selecting the switching state of the switch, a state in which one of two signals input from two amplifiers or the like is selected and output with low loss is selected. And a state in which the input of the two signals is combined and output can be arbitrarily selected. Therefore, there is an effect that various functions of signal selection, signal synthesis or signal division can be obtained with a small number of components.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a second embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the second embodiment. 1,2,19,20 …… Switch, 3,4,17,21,31 …… Input terminal,
5, 22, 32 ... output terminal, 6, 18, 29, 30 ... hybrid circuit, 7 to 14, 11 to 14, 25 to 28, 35 to 38 ... transmission line, 15, 1
6,29,30,33,34 ... amplifier, 23,24 ... terminator.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location H04B 1/18 H04B 1/18 Z

Claims (3)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] A first terminal connected to the second terminal and a third terminal connected to the third terminal;
A first state in which a terminal and a fourth terminal are connected, and a second state in which the first terminal and the fourth terminal are connected and the second terminal and the third terminal are connected A first and a second switch having at least two states, and a hybrid circuit in which the first terminal is a combined or input terminal and the second and third terminals are hybrid terminals. , A second switch and a signal switching circuit that connects directly to each terminal of the hybrid circuit or by a transmission line, wherein the first and third terminals of the first switch have first and second inputs or An output terminal; a first terminal of the second switch as an output or input terminal; a second terminal of the first switch;
A terminal is connected to a third terminal of the hybrid circuit, a fourth terminal of the first switch is connected to a second terminal of the second switch, and a third terminal of the second switch is A signal switching circuit connected to a second terminal of the hybrid circuit, and a fourth terminal of the second switch is connected to a first terminal of the hybrid circuit. 2. A signal switching circuit according to claim 1, a signal branching circuit for branching one signal into two and outputting the signal, and two transmissions having substantially the same transmission characteristics for respectively inputting the branched output signals. And a signal output from the two transmission circuits is input to first and third terminals of the first switch, respectively. 3. The signal switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein
Two transmission circuits having substantially the same transmission characteristics for inputting the signals input from the first terminal of the switch and output from the first and third terminals of the first switch, respectively, and outputs the signals from the two transmission circuits. And a synthesizing circuit for synthesizing and outputting the signals to be output.