JP2536280Y2 - Roller burnishing device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applied to burnishing a cylindrical or cylindrical processing surface, such as a cylindrical surface on a small diameter side of a stepped shaft, a cylindrical surface of a cylinder having one end sealed, and the like, in which one-pass processing is difficult. It relates to a suitable roller burnishing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Roller burnishing is a process in which a hard small-diameter roller is pressed against the surface of a workpiece to roll it, and crushes fine irregularities on the surface, such as traces of a cutting tool, during cutting. This is a processing method for forming a flat mirror surface by deforming. In the roller burnishing process, in addition to the fact that a sophisticated mirror surface of 0.1 to 0.8 S is obtained by a relatively simple device configuration and easy work management, the surface layer of the workpiece is work hardened. Since residual compressive stress is generated on the surface layer of the workpiece, a finished surface having excellent durability, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance can be obtained. Roller
Burnishing is performed on the cylinder cylindrical surface of the internal combustion engine, the bearing sliding surface of the motor shaft, the valve seat of the valve, and the sealing of the vacuum vessel.
It has been widely applied as a finishing process in various applications such as surface finishing.

[0003] Roller burnishing of a cylindrical surface or a cylindrical surface is performed by attaching an appropriate roller burnishing tool in combination with a cutting blade in a lathe or a machining center in which a workpiece is chucked. Thereby, it can be performed continuously following the cutting of the surface to be processed. At this time, since the roller of the roller burnishing tool is strongly pressed against the surface of the workpiece, a case where the roller burnishing is performed only from one of the rotating sections of the cylindrical surface or the cylindrical surface. For example, when a single roller is pressed against a cylindrical surface of a work piece that is cantilevered on a lathe, the work piece and the tool have considerable mechanical strength, rigidity, and chuck (mounting). ) Strength is required.

As a roller burnishing tool, there is also known a type in which a roller is pressed from all sides of a cylindrical surface or a cylindrical surface of a workpiece. Here, a mandrel head, which forms the guide surface of the roller, is fixed to the shank (in the direction of rotation), and follows the forced relative rotation between the workpiece and the shank, and the roller is rotated by a cylinder of the workpiece. Rolls dependently on a surface or cylindrical surface. For example, as a tool for inserting into a hole (cylinder portion or the like) of a workpiece and performing roller burnishing on the cylindrical surface of the hole, a guide surface having a substantially cylindrical surface (strictly, a conical surface) is used as a tool. 2. Description of the Related Art Roller burnishing tools in which a number of rollers parallel to an axis are arranged, and the rollers are connected and bound in the axial and circumferential directions by a frame member have been put to practical use.

According to a tool of this type, a radial force is generated at each contact portion between the roller and the workpiece, and urges the workpiece outward and the tool inward. Since they are almost completely offset as a whole, the mechanical strength, rigidity, and mounting strength of the workpiece and the tool can be slightly reduced. However, since a relative torsion force acts on the workpiece and the tool during the processing, the shape of the workpiece is limited, and much attention must be paid to the chucking method. In addition, the parallelism and position of the axis of the workpiece and the axis of the roller burnishing tool must be separately and precisely matched in advance.

[0006] As a method different from these burnishing tools, the entire surface of the cylindrical surface of an elongated metal round bar is subjected to roller burnishing and then trimmed to a short length to form a guide shaft for OA equipment and a tape for a VTR. A one-pass type roller burnishing device, which is extremely advantageous when batch-producing a large number of shafts having a simple outer shape, uniform dimensions, such as a guide rod, has been put to practical use. This is a centerless processing apparatus in which a round bar of a workpiece is inserted and passed through a roller burnishing head fixed to the apparatus without chucking.

In a one-pass type roller burnishing apparatus, a substantially cylindrical guide surface facing inward has a mandrel.
A mandrel head formed on the head and fixed on the device (in the direction of rotation) by being axially and circumferentially constrained by the frame member at a predetermined feed angle with respect to the central axis on the guide surface; In response, the frame member is forcibly driven to rotate by the prime mover. The feed angle is common to each roller, and by the rotation of the frame,
Rollers are provided so as to urge the mandrel head through the guide surface toward the workpiece insertion side (axial front side) and the workpiece toward the insertion direction (axial rear side). .

In the one-pass type roller burnishing apparatus thus constructed, when the frame member is driven and the relative rotation of the mandrel head and the frame member starts, the rollers roll on the guide surface to cause planetary motion. The workpiece is rolled on the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, and the workpiece is successively drawn deep in the axial direction, and is automatically fed at a constant speed. At this time, the plurality of rollers backed up by the mandrel head successively roll the cylindrical surface of the workpiece in a spiral manner to perform roller burnishing, and the workpiece is the reverse of the rotation of the frame member. Spin slowly in the direction.

The one-pass type roller burnishing apparatus does not require a mechanism for chucking, positioning, and feeding a workpiece, so that the apparatus configuration can be simplified and the size can be easily reduced. In addition, even a long workpiece can be burnished indefinitely by using a short roller, and the workpiece does not need to be gripped by a chuck, so that the entire length of the workpiece can be used without waste. Further, an excessive force such as twisting does not act on the workpiece being processed.

[0010]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] One-pass type roller
The burnishing device can obtain a uniform roll burnishing effect over the entire surface of the cylindrical surface by simply inserting one end of the workpiece into the roll burnishing head and making a single pass. Although it is an expensive device, it has a drawback that it can process only workpieces that can be made in one pass.

Therefore, for a workpiece having a complicated outer shape and difficult to make a single pass, such as a cylindrical surface on the small diameter side of a stepped shaft, the processing of each piece by various roller burnishing tools is applied. You. In this case, as described above, rigidity of the workpiece, gripping margin for the chuck, parallel alignment of the shaft and strict alignment of the position, and complicated device configuration are required. In addition, lack of versatility of tools, such as the need of dedicated rollers for workpieces with different lengths, and impairment of workability due to attachment and detachment of chucks on workpieces In addition, there is relatively large processing variation between each part in one workpiece and a large number of workpieces.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applicable to a case where the inner surface of a workpiece such as a cylindrical surface of a cylinder whose one end is sealed is subjected to a roller burnishing process, or a cylindrical surface on the small diameter side of a stepped shaft. Roller burnishing can be performed using a relatively short roller without subjecting the work to chucking without subjecting the work to a workpiece, even if the workpiece has a complicated outer shape and is difficult to make a single pass. It is intended to provide a device.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a roller burnishing apparatus, comprising: a plurality of rollers; a mandrel head having a guide surface for the rollers; a frame member for binding the rollers on the guide surface in the axial direction and the circumferential direction; A driving means for rotating the frame member relative to the head , in a roller burnishing device, a roller is disposed on the guide surface with a predetermined feed angle with respect to the central axis, and the axial position of the workpiece is adjusted. It is provided with a measuring means for detecting, and a control means for reversing the direction of the relative rotation based on the output of the measuring means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a roller burnishing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the guide surface is formed to be diametrically inward and the mandrel is formed.
The head is fixed to the device with respect to the direction of the relative rotation;

[0015]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a roller burnishing device reverses the direction of relative rotation between a mandrel head and a frame member at an appropriate time, reverses the feed direction of a workpiece, and inserts the workpiece into the insertion side. To be discharged. Therefore, the automatic feed of the workpiece is the same as that of the conventional roller burnishing apparatus. That is, following the forcible relative rotation between the mandrel head and the frame member by the driving means, the roller having a predetermined feed angle rolls on the guide surface to perform planetary motion, and The workpieces are successively drawn inward in the axial direction while rolling on the cylindrical or cylindrical surface of the workpiece, and are automatically fed at a constant speed. At this time, the plurality of rollers backed up by the guide surface of the mandrel head spirally roll the cylindrical surface or the cylindrical surface of the workpiece one after another to perform roller burnishing. The workpiece is automatically fed toward the back side in the axial direction at a speed corresponding to the feed angle while slowly rotating in the direction opposite to the relative rotation of the frame member with respect to the mandrel head .

The measuring means continuously detects the position of the workpiece to be automatically fed in the axial direction, and outputs a trigger signal to the control means when the position coincides with a predetermined value.
The control means reverses the direction of the relative rotation between the mandrel head and the frame member by the driving means as soon as the trigger signal is input. As a result, the workpiece is reversed and automatically fed to the front side in the axial direction, and the roller spirally returns the cylindrical surface or the cylindrical surface of the workpiece to the end of the workpiece. At this point, the workpiece is released and discharged from the apparatus.

The roller burnishing device according to a second aspect of the present invention is a roller burnishing device for processing a cylindrical surface, which is applied to a small-diameter portion of a stepped shaft or the like. Mandrel He
The head not I a predetermined toward the axial direction the rear side
A guide surface of a conical surface narrowing at an angle is formed, and a plurality of rollers connected and restrained in the axial direction and the circumferential direction by a frame member are arranged on the guide surface toward the inside in the diametrical direction. ing. As the measuring means, for example, a TV camera and an image processing device for measuring the distance between the stepped portion and the opening in contact with each other can be adopted. Is set so that a trigger signal is output before a collision occurs.

In the roller burnishing device configured as described above, when, for example, a small-diameter portion of a stepped shaft is inserted into the opening of the device formed by the roller, the stepped portion and the opening are spaced at a predetermined interval. The trigger signal is transferred from the measuring means to the control means when the control means is approached, and the control means reverses the driving means. In this manner, the feed of the stepped shaft is reversed immediately before the stepped portion and the opening collide, and the roller burnishing process can be performed on the small diameter portion of the stepped shaft up to near the stepped portion.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a roller burnishing apparatus according to an embodiment. Here, a processing head portion of a roller burnishing apparatus for processing a cylindrical surface is shown together with a stepped shaft W of a workpiece.

In FIG. 1, the mandrel head H has
Be narrow at a certain slight angle toward the back in the axial direction.
A conical guide surface HA is formed. On the guide surface HA, a plurality of rollers R are connected and constrained in the axial direction and the circumferential direction by the frame member F, are radially arranged inward in the diametrical direction, and have openings through which the workpiece W is inserted. Has formed. The head H is fixed to the cylindrical member M1, and the cylindrical member M1 is attached to the main body M2 via adjustment rings C1 and C2 so as to be axially adjustable. The main body M2 is fixed to the apparatus frame A by screws B. Frame F
Is fixed to the frame stem FS, and the frame stem FS is attached to the drive shaft P via the spring S.
The frame stem FS abuts against the drive shaft P toward the back side of the head H, but is movable against the spring S in the opposite direction. A timing belt pulley PH for driving the frame F is attached to the other end of the drive shaft P, and a timing belt QB is attached between the pulley Q attached to the motor D and the pulley PH.

The roller R which rolls on the conical guide surface HA cancels out the inclination of the guide surface HA in a conical shape whose diameter decreases toward the back side of the head H. Therefore, the cylindrical shape of the stepped shaft W is used. The processing portion W1 and the roller R contact substantially in parallel. However, the rollers R are arranged so as to have a common feed angle of 1 to 3 degrees and have a twisted relationship with respect to the central axis, and the direction of relative movement between the head H and the frame F. According to the stepped shaft W
Is automatically fed to the back side or the insertion side of the main body M2.

On the other hand, on the center axis of the frame F and the drive shaft P, there is disposed a processing limit detection rod K which is loosely urged toward the insertion side and is movable in the axial direction. A detecting portion KS is formed, and a cam head KH is attached to the opposite end of the rod K. The output of the limit switch L for detecting the position of the cam head KH is connected to a control circuit N. The forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the prime mover D are switched according to the output of the control circuit N. Cam head KH
Can be adjusted to an arbitrary position on the rod K, and the limit is set at a position obtained by subtracting a margin length in consideration of the reaction speed of the control circuit N and the prime mover D from the end position of the processing portion W1 of the stepped shaft W. The switch L is activated to output a trigger signal.

In the thus configured roller burnishing apparatus, when the prime mover is started in the normal rotation direction, the motor is driven via the pulley PH, the drive shaft P, the frame stem FS, and the frame F. Roller R starts planetary motion on guide surface HA. Therefore, when the processing portion W1 of the stepped shaft W is inserted into the opening of the device composed of the plurality of rollers R, the stepped shaft W is pulled in one after another, and burnishing of the processing portion W1 is performed. However, the tip of the stepped shaft W strikes the rod K to move the cam head KH, and the limit switch L
Is activated, a trigger signal is transferred from the limit switch L to the control circuit N, and the control circuit N inverts the prime mover D. In this way, immediately before the end of the processing portion W1, the feed of the stepped shaft W is reversed.

The rolling position of the roller R on the guide surface HA of the head H shifts in the axial direction due to the axial positional relationship between the cylindrical member M1 and the main body M2. Therefore, by rotating the adjusting rings C1 and C2 to shift the axial position of the cylindrical member M1 with respect to the main body M2, the processing portion W1 of the stepped shaft W is formed.
The diameter of the opening, that is, the diameter of the circle in which the plurality of rollers R are inscribed can be changed according to the diameter of the roller R.

Here, the frame stem FS strikes the drive shaft P toward the back side, but the spring S
The roller R, which rolls on the guide surface HA, is moved by the feed angle when the stepped shaft W is automatically fed toward the back side. When the stepped shaft W is automatically fed toward the insertion side, the frame stem FS is urged toward the insertion side. When the prime mover D rotates forward and the stepped shaft W is automatically fed toward the back side, the frame stem FS collides with the drive shaft P, and the roller R Roller burnishing is performed on the processing portion W1 while maintaining the minimum facing distance. However, when the motor D is rotated in reverse and the stepped shaft W is discharged, the processing is performed on the guide surface HA against the spring S. The rolling position of the roller R is shifted to the outlet side, and the facing distance of the roller R is increased. Due to this, at the time of discharge,
The roller R retreats and burnishing is not performed, so that the processing portion W1 of the stepped shaft W is not hurt by the end of the roller R on the small diameter side.

The roller R has a frusto-conical shape,
Since the radius of curvature gradually increases from the end on the insertion side to the end on the back side, in a state where the radius of curvature is uniformly urged by the guide surface HA of the mandrel head , the radius of curvature and the processing portion W1 of the stepped shaft W are changed. The contact length gradually decreases from the insertion side toward the back, and the contact pressure gradually increases in inverse proportion to the contact length from the insertion side toward the back. Therefore, the roller R
When the stepped shaft W is automatically fed along the stepped shaft W, a plurality of rollers R roll one after another in the processing portion W1 of the stepped shaft W to perform roller burnishing at one place in an overlapping manner. The roller R slides somewhat in the axial direction with the roller burnishing due to the resistance of the stepped shaft W to the roller, and in addition, the roller burnishing is performed with a gradually increasing pressure from the insertion side toward the back. It will be, ~
, A very smooth finished surface can be obtained.

[0028]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a roller burnishing apparatus in which an inner surface of a workpiece such as a cylindrical surface of a cylinder having one end sealed is subjected to a roller burnishing process, and a small diameter of a stepped shaft. Workpieces with complicated external shapes, such as the cylindrical surface on the side, which are difficult to make one pass, can be loaded without chucking.
La burnishing can be performed. Therefore, rigidity of the workpiece, gripping margin for the chuck, strict alignment of the parallelism and position of the shaft, and complicated device configuration are unnecessary. In addition, a common tool can be used regardless of the length of the workpiece, the workability is not impaired by attaching / detaching the chuck, and each part within one workpiece and a large number of workpieces can be interconnected. The variation in processing between them is also small.

In the roller burnishing device according to the second aspect, even if the workpiece has a complicated outer shape such as a cylindrical surface on the small diameter side of the stepped shaft and is difficult to make a single pass, the roller can be rolled without chucking.・ Can perform burnishing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a roller burnishing apparatus according to an embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Device frame B Screw D Motor F Frame H Mandrel head J Bearing K Machining axis detection rod L Limit switch N Control circuit P Drive shaft Q Pulley R Roller S Spring W Stepped shaft C1 Adjustment ring C2 Adjustment ring M1 Cylindrical member M2 Main body W1 Processing part W2 Stepped part FS Frame stem HA Guide surface KH Cam head KH Detector PH Pulley QB Belt

Claims (2)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] A mandrel head having a plurality of rollers, a guide surface of the rollers, a frame member for binding the rollers in the axial direction and the circumferential direction on the guide surfaces, and a mandrel head . A driving means for rotating the frame member relative to the roller burnishing device,
Measuring means for arranging the rollers on the guide surface with a predetermined feed angle with respect to the central axis, detecting the axial position of the workpiece, and controlling means for reversing the direction of the relative rotation based on the output of the measuring means And a roller provided with
Burnishing equipment. 2. The roller burnishing device according to claim 1, wherein the guide surface is determined in advance as it goes further in the axial direction.
It is formed so that it becomes narrower at a given angle ,
A roller burnishing apparatus for processing a cylindrical surface, wherein a mandrel head is fixed to the apparatus with respect to the direction of the relative rotation.