JP2535153Y2 - AC motor - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an AC motor for rotating an axis of rotation by supplying AC power.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional AC motor, an armature rotor connected to a rotating shaft is provided at a center portion, and a field stator (electromagnet) is provided on an outer side (in a radial direction) facing a peripheral surface of the rotor. Is known. This conventional AC motor
An alternating current is passed through the field winding of the stator to sequentially attract and generate repulsion between the rotor and the stator, thereby generating a rotating torque and rotating the rotating shaft.

[0003]

As described above, in a conventional general AC motor, the diameter is inevitably increased because the stator is disposed outside the rotor.

[0004] This invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has as its object to provide an AC motor capable of reducing the diameter of the AC motor with a simple configuration.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided an AC motor having a rotating shaft pivotally supported by a main body, a commutator fixed to the rotating shaft and provided with a predetermined number of commutator pieces. Of the commutator pieces, a contact piece that contacts two opposing commutator pieces to supply an alternating current, a holding member provided around the rotating shaft, and the same radius of the holding member at regular intervals. The number of rotor coils held and wound so as to form a loop in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis is equal to the predetermined number, and both ends of each rotor coil are connected to the corresponding commutator. A wiring portion connected in series via a piece, and disposed on the main body so as to face at least one side of the loop surface of the rotor coil, and in the plane orthogonal to the rotation axis, For each contact piece, include both sides in the circumferential direction Stator coils wound so as to form loops having polarities opposite to each other in a plane such that the alternating current is also supplied to the stator coils. .

[0006]

According to the AC motor of the present invention, each of the rotor coil and the stator coil generates a magnetic field whose magnetic field is in the direction of the rotation axis. And the magnetic field direction of the rotor coil is polarized in the rotational direction by the wiring structure of the wiring portion,
On the other hand, the magnetic fields of the stator coils are generated in different directions so as to include the boundary between the two-pole magnetic fields created by the rotor coils. Therefore, in the part where both magnetic fields oppose each other, the direction of the two magnetic fields, that is, the repulsive force is generated in the same pole part, and the attractive force is generated in the different pole part. Then, a rotating torque is generated from the same pole side to the different pole side, and the rotating shaft rotates.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the AC motor according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft 1 are supported by ball bearings 2 and 3. The rotating shaft 1 is rotatable about its central axis 1a in such a state that it is supported at two places. The right end of the central shaft 1a is a connecting member 1 that can be connected to a load.
b.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a commutator fixed to the left end side of the rotating shaft 1. The commutator 4 is composed of eight copper commutator pieces 4-1 whose boundary surfaces are insulated from each other by a mica plate or the like. , 4-
, 4-8 are assembled into a cylindrical shape.

Reference numerals 5a and 5b denote carbon contact pieces which sequentially come into contact with one of the commutator pieces 4-1, 4-2,..., 4-8 of the commutator 4 with the rotation of the rotating shaft 1, respectively. The commutators 4 are arranged to face each other with the commutator 4 interposed therebetween. These carbon contact pieces 5a and 5b are pressed toward the commutator 4 side by springs 6a and 6b disposed at the rear ends, respectively, so that the commutator pieces 4-1 and 4-2 are always stably formed.
, 4-8.

Reference numerals 7a and 7b denote input terminals for inputting an AC current from an AC power supply (commercial power supply).
a is connected to the brass terminal 8a electrically connected to the carbon contact piece 5a by a conducting wire. Also, the input terminal 7
Similarly, b is connected by a conductive wire to a brass terminal 8b electrically connected to the carbon contact piece 5b. With this configuration, each of the commutator pieces located on the opposite sides of the commutator 4 in contact with the carbon contact pieces 5a and 5b is supplied with input terminals 7a and 7b, brass terminals 8a and
A current is supplied via the connection piece 8b and the carbon connection pieces 5a and 5b. The input terminals 7a and 7b are
First to third stator coils 20-1, 20-
2 and a conductive wire.

Reference numerals 10a and 10b denote rotation center members of a predetermined length fixed to the rotation shaft 1 at predetermined intervals. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of substantially fan-shaped notches 100 are formed at both ends of the rotation center members 10a and 10b at equal intervals, for example, as shown in FIG. In addition, the rotation center members 10a, 10
b, each of the notches 100 in the axial direction of the outer edge portion.
, 4-8 wound around the rotor core from the commutator pieces 4-1, 4-2,..., 4-8.
A plurality of grooves 101 are formed as passages for conducting wires connected to the wire 8.

As shown in FIG. 2, 9a, 9b and 9c, 9d each have a fitting hole 11 at the center thereof for fitting into the notch 100 of the rotation center members 10a, 10b. , Eight substantially fan-shaped openings 12-1, 12-2,
, 12-8 are holding plates for holding a rotor core described later. Then, the holding plates 9a and 9b and the holding plate 9
c, 9d are cutouts 10 of rotation center members 10a, 10b.
The center sides of the holding plates 9a, 9b and the holding plates 9c, 9d are fixed to the rotation center members 10a, 10b by performing screwing or the like in a state where they are fitted to 0. Thus, the holding plates 9a, 9b and the holding plates 9c, 9d are
By fitting into the notches 100 of a and 10b,
The holding plates 9a, 9b and 9c,
9d is applied to the rotation center member 1
0a, 10b. Therefore, the clockwise torque is not all applied to the fixing screw or the like, and the load on the torque of the fixing screw or the like is reduced.

The holding plates 9a, 9b and 9c,
9d has donut-shaped holding plates 13a and 13b interposed at the outer edges thereof so as to be held in an opposed state at equal intervals.

FIG. 4 is a view of the rotor of the AC motor viewed in the direction of arrow A (rightward) from the XY plane in FIG. 13-
, 13-8 are apertures 12-1, 12-2, ..., 1 of the holding plate 9a (9b) held at regular intervals.
8 shows eight rotor cores fitted and fixed one by one in each of 2-8 (FIG. 2). The rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,..., 13-8 are composed of a large number of substantially H-shaped magnetic plates (FIG. 1), and are formed by laminating these magnetic plates. ing. Also, each of the rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,..., 13-8 has coils 14-1, 14 as rotor windings so as to form a loop in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis 1. -2, ..., 1
4-8 are wound in the same direction, and the winding of the coil generates a magnetic field H in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. These holding plates 9a, 9b, rotor core 13-1,
13-2, ..., 13-8 and coils 14-1, 14-
, 14-8 form a first rotor. The holding plates 9c and 9d are provided with rotor cores 13-1, 13-2, ..., 13-8 and coils 14-1, 14-2, ..., 14-8, similarly to the holding plates 9a, 9b. To form a second rotor.

Further, the rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,
, 13-8 have radial openings 12-1, 12-2,..., 1 on the side facing the holding plates 9a, 9b.
A projection 130 (FIG. 1) is formed to abut inside 2-8. Thereby, the rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,
, 13-8 have openings 12-1, 12-2, ..., 12-8.
It is regulated so that it does not fall out. Therefore, at the time of manufacture, the rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,.
12a, 12-2,..., 12-8 are fitted to the holding plates 9a, 9b (holding plates 9c, 9d).
Just insert it between the rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,
, 13-8 can be held.

FIG. 5 is a view of the stator of the AC motor viewed from the XY plane of FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow B (leftward). 15a,
15b has a circular hole 16a at the center portion through which the rotating shaft 1 penetrates loosely, and two substantially fan-shaped openings 17-1 and 17-2 on the same outer radius. It is a holding plate that holds a child iron core. Donut-shaped holding plates 18a, 18'a are interposed at the outer edges of the holding plates 15a, 15b so as to be held in an opposed state at equal intervals.

The two stator cores 19-1 and 19-2 are fitted and fixed respectively in the openings 17-1 and 17-2 of the holding plates 15a and 15b held at regular intervals. Is shown. These stator cores 19-1, 19
-2 is composed of a large number of substantially H-shaped magnetic plates (FIG. 1),
It is formed by laminating these magnetic plates in a laminating manner. Further, coils 20-1 and 20-2 as stator windings are wound around the stator cores 19-1 and 19-2, respectively, so as to form a loop in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis 1. The winding of the coil generates a magnetic field H in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. This holding plate 15
a, 15b, the stator cores 19-1, 19-2, and the coils 20-1, 20-2 form a first stator.

The presser plates 15a and 15b have their outer edges fitted and fixed to fixing members 22a and 22b formed inside the yoke case 21, thereby having the function of a stator. ing.

Also, each of the stator cores 19-1 and 19-2 has a projection on the side facing the holding plates 15a and 15b and in contact with the inside of the radial opening 17-1 or 17-2. 190 (FIG. 1) are formed. This restricts the stator cores 19-1 and 19-2 from falling off the openings 17-1 and 17-2. Therefore, at the time of manufacture, the stator cores 19-1 and 19-2 are respectively opened with holes 17-.
Pressing plates 15a, 15b in a state fitted to 1, 17-2
(The holding plates 15c and 15d and the holding plates 15e and 15f) can hold the stator cores 19-1 and 19-2 only by sandwiching them.

The holding plates 15c and 15d and the holding plate 1
Reference numerals 5e and 15f denote stator cores 19-1 and 19-2 and coils 20-1 and 20-2, respectively, similarly to the holding plates 15a and 15b.
0-2 and the holding plates 18b, 18b '(18c, 18c).
') Are arranged, and each outer edge portion is a yoke case 2
The second and third rotors are formed by fitting and fixing the first fixing members 22a and 22b.

The holding plates 15a and 15b, the holding plate 15
The c, 15d and the holding plates 15e, 15f are formed so as to be divided into a substantially semicircular shape at the boundary between the stator cores 19-1, 19-2, respectively, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. To
It can be opened and closed with one end having a hinge or the like as a fulcrum.
The holding plates 18a, 18b, 18c and the yoke case 21 are also divided according to the holding plates 15a, 15b and the like, and can be opened and closed according to the opening and closing of the holding plates 15a, 15b and the like. Accordingly, by opening the yoke case 21 with the first to third stators fixed to the yoke case 21 at the time of manufacture, the rotating shaft 1 can be easily attached to the AC motor.

The coil 20- of the stator core 19-1
1 and the coil 20-2 of the stator core 19-2 are wound so that the polarities are opposite to each other. Furthermore, each coil 20-1 (20-
2) are connected to each other.

Further, a first rotor is interposed between the first stator and the second stator via a predetermined gap, and a predetermined gap is formed between the second stator and the third stator. The dimension between the first to third stators is set such that the second rotor can be interposed therebetween.

Next, referring to FIG. 6, the commutator pieces 4-1 and 4 will be described.
−2,..., 4-8 and rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,
, 13-8 coils 14-1, 14-2, ..., 14-
An example of the configuration of the electrical connection with No. 8 will be described. The coil 14-1 of the first rotor is connected in parallel with the coil 14-1 of the second rotor, and similarly, the coils 14-2,..., 14-8 of the first rotor are similarly connected. Are connected in parallel with the coils 14-2,..., 14-8 of the second rotor, but for convenience, the coils 14-1, 14 of the first rotor are connected.
,..., And 14-8 alone.

As shown in the drawing, the coil coming out of the commutator piece 4-1 is wound around the rotor core 13-1 and is wound around the rotor core 13-1.
Return to 2. Similarly, the coil coming out of the commutator 4-2 is wound around the rotor core 13-2 and returns to the commutator piece 4-3. In this way, the coils coming out of the eight commutator pieces of the commutator pieces 4-1,.
1, 13-2, ..., 13-8.

Therefore, as shown in the figure, the carbon contact piece 5a having a positive polarity of voltage contacts the commutator 4-1 and the carbon contact piece 5b having a negative polarity has a commutator piece 4-b. 5, the current from the AC power source is supplied to the right half rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,.
-4 and the left half rotor core 13
-8, 13-7,..., 13-5 are divided into two by the current flowing through the coils, and the carbon contact pieces 5a to 5
Flow to b.

As a result, the right half rotor core 13
-1,..., 13-4 and the left half rotor core 13-8,
, 13-5, magnetic fields in opposite directions are generated.

Even if the polarity of the voltage is reversed, or if the commutator 4 rotates and the commutator pieces contacted by the carbon contact pieces 5a and 5b change, the right half and the left A magnetic field in the opposite direction is generated in the coil located on the half side.

Next, the polarities of the coils 20-1 and 20-2 of the stator cores 19-1 and 19-2 will be described.

That is, the coil 20-1 and the coil 20-
2 is wound so that the polarities are opposite to each other, and as shown in FIG.
20-2 so that one of the coils 20-1 has S
When the poles appear, the coil 20 on the same side
The N pole appears at -2.

Next, the rotating operation of the AC motor according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 7 shows the surface of the first stator facing the first rotor. For convenience of explanation, the stator core 1 is shown in FIG.
Four regions _{9-1,19-2 A 1, A 2, A} 3, are divided into A _4. Regions A ₁ and A ₂ are same poles to the region of the stator core 19-1, here appearing S pole. A
₃ and A ₄ are same poles for a region on the stator core 19-2, here appearing N pole.

[0034] Figure 8 shows a first rotor side surface opposite to the first stator to correspond to FIG. 7, the rotor coil current C ₁ flows is wound iron core 13 1,…,
13-4 shows the S pole. On the other hand, the rotor core 13-8 by coils current C ₂ flows are wound, ..., 1
An N pole appears at 3-5.

Thus, between the stator side and the rotor side,
Attraction between the regions A ₁ and the rotor core 13-7,8, repulsive forces between the area A ₂ and the rotor core 13-1 and 13-2, the region A ₃ and rotor core 13-3 , attraction between 13-4, repulsive force is generated between the region a ₄ and the rotor core 13-5,13-6, further position partially in the region between the regions a ₂ and a ₃ the rotor core 13-2 and 13-3 which, in the figure, clockwise torque to the rotor core 13-6,13-7 located some in the area between the regions a ₁ and a ₄ , In the figure,
Clockwise torque is generated. Accordingly, a clockwise torque in the figure is generated on the rotor core side, and the rotating shaft 1 coupled to the rotor core rotates clockwise in the figure.

When the polarity of the current is reversed, the polarity of the rotor core is also reversed, and the rotor cores 13-1,.
An N pole appears at 3-4, while a rotor core 13-8,
, 13-5, the S pole appears. At this time, the polarity of the stator core also reverses, and the N pole appears in the stator core 19-1, while the S pole appears in the stator core 19-2. Is appearing. Therefore, clockwise torque is generated by the same operation as in the case described above. A clockwise torque is generated between the left disk 15b and the rotor core by the same operation.

As described above, the rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,..., 13-8 of the rotor are connected to the holding plates 9a, 9b and the openings 12-1, 12-2, 12-5 of the holding plates 9c, 9d. … 12
-8, so that the rotor cores 13-1, 13-2,..., 13-8 are separated and the rotor coils 14-1, 14-2,. It can be easily wound in the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 1, and later the holding plate 9a,
9b and holes 12-1, 12-2 of the holding plates 9c, 9d,
... Fits in 12-8. Further, even in the case of the stator, the stator cores 19-1 and 19-2 are formed with the holding plates 15a and 15b, the holding plates 15c and 15d, and the opening 1 of the holding plates 15e and 15f.
7-1 and 17-2 so that the stator coils 20-1 and 20-
2 can be easily wound in the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 1 and then fitted into the openings 17-1 and 17-2. For this reason, the rotor core and the stator core can be opposed to positions substantially equal to each other with respect to the rotating shaft 1, the diameter of the AC motor can be reduced, and downsizing of the AC motor can be achieved with a simple configuration.

Further, since the first and second rotors are arranged so as to be sandwiched between the first to third stators, magnetic poles formed on both surfaces of each rotor are generated on each stator. Since the magnetic poles are respectively opposed to the magnetic poles, the magnetic poles generated in each rotor and each stator can be effectively used.

The AC power supply to the first to third stators may be connected in parallel from the carbon contact pieces 5a and 5b to the coils of the respective stators.
Alternatively, they may be connected in series. Alternatively, the input terminal 7a may be connected to the carbon contact piece 5a, while the input terminal 7b may be connected to the coil of each stator in series and then connected to the carbon contact piece 5b. Further, the coil of the rotor and the coil of the stator may be connected in series.

In the present embodiment, the first and second rotors are arranged so as to be sandwiched between the first to third stators, respectively, to increase the rotational torque. If it is arranged on the side, a rotating torque can be generated. Further, in the present embodiment, the facing configuration of the rotor and the stator is arranged in two stages in the axial direction. However, it may be arranged in one stage. Obtainable. Further, in the present embodiment, the rotor core is 8
Although the number of stator cores and the number of stator cores are two, the required number can be adopted within the range of the rotation principle of the present invention.

[0041]

As is apparent from the above embodiment, according to the present invention, a predetermined number of rotor coils for generating a magnetic field whose magnetic field direction is the axial direction of the rotating shaft and the polarities thereof are opposite to each other. The rotating shaft is rotated by the attraction force and the repulsive force with each stator coil wound so as to form a loop, so that the stator coil is positioned at a distance from the rotating shaft substantially equal to the rotor coil. Can be arranged so that
The diameter can be reduced as a whole. Further, since the rotor coil is bipolarized in the rotation direction and the stator magnetic field is formed so as to include the boundary between the two poles, a rotation torque can be generated, so that the structure is simplified. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of an AC motor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a holding plate of a rotor of the AC motor according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a rotation center member of the AC motor of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view of the rotor of the AC motor viewed in the direction of arrow A from the XY plane in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a view of the stator of the AC motor viewed in the direction of arrow B from the XY plane in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a state of electrical connection between a commutator piece and a rotor core in the AC motor of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing the stator side for explaining the interaction between the stator and the rotor in the AC motor of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing the rotor side for explaining the interaction between the stator and the rotor in the AC motor of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Rotary shaft 4-1 4-2,..., 4-8 Commutator piece 4 Commutator 5a, 5b Carbon contact piece (contact piece) 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d Rotor holding plate 13-1, 13- 2, ..., 13-8 Rotor core 14-1,14-2, ..., 14-8 Rotor coil 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 15e, 15f Rotor holding plate 19-1,19-2 Fixed Sub core 20-1, 20-2 Stator coil

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] A commutator fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft and having a predetermined number of commutator pieces provided therearound;
Of the commutator pieces , a contact piece that contacts two opposing commutator pieces to supply an alternating current, a holding member provided around the rotating shaft, and a fixed distance on the same radius of the holding member. is held in a predetermined number equal to number the number of the rotor coil wound so as to form a loop in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, the both ends of the respective rotor coils, corresponding
A wiring unit to be connected in series via the commutator segments to the while being arranged in the body so as to face at least one side of the loop face of the rotor coil, there in the plane perpendicular to the rotational axis For each of the two contact pieces
The polarities are opposite to each other in a plane that includes both sides in the circumferential direction.
And a respective stator coil wound to form a loop as a direction, characterized in that the alternating current is adapted to be also <br/> supplied to the upper Symbol stator coil AC Electric motor.