JP2533089B2 - Water-absorbent polyester synthetic fiber woven / knitted fabric - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a polyester synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric having durable water absorption and light weight.

(Prior art) Conventional water absorption processing of polyester synthetic fiber woven and knitted fabrics
This is a method in which a woven or knitted fabric is subjected to a polycondensation product of polyalkylene glycol and terephthalic acid during dipping or scouring so as to have water absorbency on the surface of the fiber. Therefore, according to this method, the wetting property of the fiber surface is improved, but the durability of the property is poor, and since the fiber itself does not have the ability to absorb and retain water, the water absorption performance of the woven or knitted fabric after processing is also poor. Is enough. It also lacked in light weight.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of such a current situation.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a polyester-based synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric having a durable water-absorbing property and also being lightweight.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.

That is, the present invention is a woven or knitted product made of a polyester-based synthetic fiber having a hollow cross section with a hollowness of 30% or more, wherein the synthetic fiber has an irregular uneven surface and fine pores leading from the surface to the hollow portion are formed. A gist of a water-absorbent polyester-based synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric having a hydrophilic resin attached to at least the inner surface of the hollow portion.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The hollowness as referred to in the present invention is the ratio of the volume occupied by the hollow portion in the fiber to the total volume including the voids of the fiber yarn cross section, and in the present invention, the hollowness is 30% or more. is necessary. The larger the hollowness, the better the water absorption and the lightness, which are the effects of the present invention. However, the hollowness is 30%
If it is less than the above range, the effects of water absorption and lightness, which are the objectives of the present invention, are insufficient, which is not preferable.

In the present invention, a long-fiber or short-fiber yarn having a hollow cross section made of a polyester-based synthetic fiber having a hollowness of 30% or more is used. The polyester-based synthetic fiber in the present invention means polyethylene terephthalate or crystalline copolyester. It means a fiber manufactured from. The crystalline copolyester as used herein means terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 5-alkali metal sulfoisophthalic acid, diphenyldicarboxylic acid, diphenylmethanedicarboxylic acid, diphenyletherdicarboxylic acid, diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, as the acid component. Dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, and hexahydroterephthalic acid are used, and the other alcohol component has 2 to 2 carbon atoms.
An alkylene glycol having 10 straight or side chains,
Polycondensation of dicarboxylic acids with dihydric alcohols using dihydroxy compounds including aromatic dihydroxy compounds such as alicyclic glycol, hydroquinone, 4.4'-dioxydiphenyl and 2.2'-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane It is obtained by a reaction, and two or more kinds of compounds are used for at least one component of dicarboxylic acid or dihydric alcohol. It is also possible to use one component each of the above dicarboxylic acid and dihydric alcohol and copolymerize one component such as β-hydroxybenzoic acid as the other component therein. This hollow fiber can be used in either form of long fiber or short fiber.

In the present invention, it is necessary that the polyester fiber has an irregular uneven surface, and has fine pores communicating with the air-permeable portion from the surface. In order to form an uneven surface, a method of roughening by rubbing with abrasive powder or a method of etching the fiber (for example, in the case of polyester fiber, a method of expressing the uneven surface by alkali treatment with caustic soda) ), Or a method in which a substance capable of being dissolved and removed in a later step is mixed and spun, and then a component other than polyester is extracted and removed to obtain an uneven surface. Of these methods, the method of alkali treatment is preferably used in the present invention. This is because the hollow fiber used in the present invention has a large hollowness as compared with the conventionally manufactured hollow fibers, and therefore the polyester fiber portion has a large surface area and the sheath portion has a small thickness. Easily susceptible to erosion, so in the case of ordinary non-hollow polyester fibers, even if fine irregularities are formed on the fiber surface by alkali treatment with caustic soda, fine pores do not penetrate in the fiber cross-sectional direction. In the case of the ultra-hollow fiber having a hollowness of more than 30% as in the present invention, a part of the hollow part is intensively eroded by the above-mentioned erosion processing, and the micropores are easily removed from the fiber surface to the inside. This is because it is possible to penetrate to the hollow portion.

In the production of ultra-hollow fibers, a method which is essentially conventional has been generally adopted. For example, in FIG.
As shown in (b), the polymer is ejected from a slit-shaped nozzle that divides the circle into 3 or 4 parts, and the part that is not joined at the time of ejection is joined within a few cm directly under the spinneret due to the polymer dispersive effect. In this way, while cooling the surface by the air flow to the hollow fiber surface, an inert gas such as nitrogen gas is introduced into the inside of the slit nozzle, and the cooling from the inside of the fiber by the inert gas is cooled from the surface. The hollow fibers can be produced at the same time, and in this way, hollow fibers having a hollowness of 30% or more can be produced.

In the case of the polyester fiber represented by polyethylene terephthalate, the intermolecular force is weak because it is only the Van der Waals force as inferred from the molecular production, and in particular, in the case of the ultrahollow fiber of the present invention, The intermolecular force of the part to be joined immediately after coming out of the nozzle is weak, and this part is intensively eroded during erosion treatment such as alkali treatment. In the case of an ultra-hollow fiber with a hollowness of 30% or more, it is natural that the sheath portion is thin and erosion can reach the inside of the hollow relatively easily. At this time, the micropores in the sheath portion penetrate from the surface of the sheath to the inside of the hollow portion. When the surface of the hollow fiber thus obtained is observed by a scanning electron microscope, the minor axis 1 to 3 μ and the major axis 1 to 5 are observed on the surface.
An elliptical unevenness of μ was recognized, and further, in the longitudinal direction of the fiber, some of the above-mentioned elliptical unevenness was extremely long, and the length reached several tens of μ. What is observed is observed. In the case of ordinary polyester fibers, the alkali treatment only causes irregularities with a minor axis of 0.5 to 3 µ and a major axis of 1 to 5 µ, and fine pores do not penetrate in the cross-sectional direction of the fiber.

In the present invention, the hydrophilic resin is applied to the woven or knitted fabric composed of the hollow microporous polyester fiber. As the hydrophilic resin used here, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose, polycondensation product of polyalkylene glycol and terephthalic acid, etc. Any resin can be used as long as it has a polar group such as an amide group and a carbonyl group. Among them, in the case of the present invention, from the viewpoint of the affinity between the fiber and the resin, the weight of polyalkylene glycol and terephthalic acid is increased. Condensates are preferably used.

In order to apply the hydrophilic resin to the woven or knitted material, a method of heat-treating the solution of the resin after padding or a method of dipping and exhausting with a dyeing machine is adopted, but the point is that the inner surface of the hollow part of the fiber is It is important to attach the hydrophilic resin, and for that purpose, for example, it is preferable to perform the treatment at a treatment temperature of 100 ° C. or higher for 10 minutes or longer. From this point, the simultaneous exhaustion method at the time of dyeing by a jet dyeing machine, a high-pressure jigger, or a beam dyeing machine is often used advantageously. Further, in the case of the padding heat treatment method, if the surface tension of the treatment solution is lowered by adding a surfactant or a lower alcohol to the resin solution in advance so that the fiber is easily wetted, the inner surface of the hollow portion of the fiber is It is possible to easily attach the hydrophilic resin to the.

The water-absorbent woven or knitted fabric of the present invention thus obtained exhibits durable water absorption and is also lightweight.

(Working) The water-absorbent woven or knitted fabric of the present invention is composed of fibers having a hollow cross section with a hollowness of 30% or more, and by the erosion processing of the fibers, it has fine pores communicating from the fiber surface to the hollow part and is hydrophilic. By applying the resin, a hydrophilic resin is adhered to the inner surface of the hollow portion of the fiber. In the case of the present invention, since the hydrophilic resin is applied to the inner surface of the hollow portion in this manner, unlike ordinary polyester fibers, not only the wetting property by the hydrophilic resin is improved but also the hollow portion of the fiber is improved. It became possible to keep water in.
This was confirmed by dropping water on the above fibers under an optical microscope and observing the movement of water. In addition, the polyester fiber with a hollow cross section with a hollowness of 30% or more,
The hollows were hardly destroyed even by the erosion treatment, and therefore the hollow-type characteristics were utilized in terms of weight saving and heat retention of the fibers.

The water-absorbent woven or knitted fabric of the present invention having such properties is an optimum material for innerwear.

(Example) Next, the method for producing the water-absorbent woven or knitted fabric of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples. The measurement and evaluation of the performance of the cloth in Examples were carried out by the following methods.

(1) Water absorption By the dropping method of JIS L-1096.

A 0.04 cc water drop was dropped on the sample and the time until the reflection of the water drop disappeared was measured.

(2) Water retention After immersing the sample in distilled water at 20 ° C for 1 minute, it was dehydrated for 30 seconds using a centrifugal dehydrator at a rotation speed of 500 rpm to determine the water adhesion rate with respect to the fiber weight. This was evaluated as water retention.

(3) Antistatic property The half-life is measured.

A sample (4.5 cm x 8 cm) whose humidity was adjusted to 20 ° C and 40% RH was attached to a static chinometer, rotated at a speed of 1730 rpm, a voltage of 10000 V was applied from one end, and a sample was taken with an oscilloscope from the other end. The voltage was detected, and then the time from when the load voltage was removed to when the initial electrification voltage of the sample was halved was measured.

Example 1 A plain weave (taffeta) having a warp density of 90 / inch and a weft density of 80 / inch was woven by using polyethylene terephthalate fibers 50d / 12f having a circular hollow cross-section with a hollowness of 50% as light fibers and wefts. . Next, after scouring with an open soaper and presetting with a pin tenter at 180 ° C for 1 minute by the usual method, 98% with caustic soda (concentration 10g /).
Weight reduction was performed at a weight reduction rate of 25% under conditions of ℃ and 30 minutes.

Here, according to the following formulation 1, dyeing and water absorption processing were simultaneously performed under the conditions of 135 ° C. and 30 minutes.

Prescription 1 Polycondensation product of polyethylene glycol with molecular weight 1500 and terephthalic acid (average molecular weight 7000) 1% owf Palanil Yellow 3G (BASF disperse dye) 0.001% ow
f. Formic acid 0.1 cc / Nikkasan Salt 7000 (Nikaka Chemical Co., Ltd. dispersant) 1 g / bath ratio 1:20 Then, after washing with water and drying, the finishing set was conducted at 170 ° C. for 30 seconds, and the present invention was performed. A water absorbent fabric of

For the purpose of comparison with the present invention, the polyethylene terephthalate fiber 50d / 12f having a hollowness of 50% and having a hollowness of 50% / 12f (non-hollow) is used instead of the polyethylene terephthalate fiber 100d / 12f (non-hollow). A water absorbent fabric for comparison was obtained by the same method as in this example.

The performance of the resulting water-absorbent fabric was measured and the results were
Shown in the table.

As is clear from Table 1, the fabric of the present invention was a fabric having good lightness, water absorption, water retention and antistatic properties.

(Effect of the invention) The water-absorbent woven or knitted fabric of the present invention is a hollow cross-section polyester filament whose constituent fibers are circular, and is subjected to erosion processing (weight reduction).
The woven and knitted fabric of the present invention having such a constitution has excellent properties including lightness, water absorption, water retention, and antistatic property. The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention is the most suitable material for the inner material.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a nozzle hole of a typical spinning nozzle for producing the hollow fiber used in the present invention.
(B) shows slit-shaped nozzle holes obtained by dividing a circle into three and four parts, respectively. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are cross-sectional views of hollow fibers spun using the nozzles having the nozzle holes in FIG. 1 (a) and (b), respectively.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP 57-101072 (JP, A) JP 55-30444 (JP, A) JP 55-93812 (JP, A) JP 43- 16666 (JP, B1)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A woven or knitted product made of a polyester-based synthetic fiber having a hollow cross section with a hollowness of 30% or more, wherein the synthetic fiber has an irregular surface having irregularities and fine pores leading from the surface to the hollow portion. A water-absorbent polyester synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric having a hydrophilic resin attached to at least the inner surface of the hollow portion.