JP2532345B2 - Caulking method of caulking machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention lowers a molding tool from above and press-contacts it with a rivet shaft or a projecting body projecting from a work end or a work placed on a table. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a caulking method for a caulking machine, which is capable of optimizing the caulking process regardless of variations in the height of the work, the work thickness, the rivet, the protruding length of the protruding body such as the projecting side, etc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A forming tool attached to a piston shaft of a cylinder supported by a column above a table is
There are riveting machines, bending machines, etc. as caulking machines that lower the piston shaft and crimp it by crimping it to the end of the work placed on the table or the end face of the rivet shaft protruding from the work .

Such a caulking machine, for example, a riveting machine shown in FIG.
The cylinder 3 is supported by the column 4, and the motor 6 is attached to the upper end of the piston shaft 5 of the cylinder 3.

The rotating shaft of the motor 6 is connected to a spindle shaft 7 penetrating the shaft center of the piston shaft 5, and the tip end of the spindle shaft 7 is a molding shaft whose shaft center coincides with or is inclined with respect to the spindle shaft 7. 1 is attached.

In this riveting machine, the piston shaft 5 is lowered by hydraulic pressure or air pressure with respect to the shaft end surface of the rivet 15 protruding from the work 8 placed on the table 2, and the spindle shaft 7 is rotated by the motor 6. While rotating the forming shaft 1, the rivet end face is pressed into contact with the rivet to perform caulking forming.

By the way, in the above-mentioned riveting machine, a stroke adjusting mechanism 9 is provided at the connecting portion between the motor 6 and the spindle shaft 7, so as to adjust the descending amount of the piston shaft 5 (hereinafter, stroke amount). It has become.

This adjusting mechanism 9 is, as shown in FIG.
An operating rotary cylinder 10 having a lower end rotatably supported by the upper end of the cylinder 3 and having a thread groove formed on the inner periphery thereof, and the rotary cylinder 10 thereof.
Nut plate 1 that is inserted between the piston shaft 5 and the piston shaft 5 and has a thread groove formed on the outer circumference that is screwed into the thread groove on the inner circumference of the rotary cylinder 10.
1 and a connecting member 13 whose one end is fitted in the piston shaft end and the other end is attached to the motor case 12. A blocking pin 14 for stopping rotation is inserted in the nut plate 11.

Therefore, when the operation rotary cylinder 10 is rotated,
The nut plate 11 whose rotation is stopped by the blocking pin 14.
Since the thread groove is screwed into the thread groove of the rotary cylinder 10, the thread groove moves up or down along the piston shaft 5 depending on the rotation direction, and the end portion of the connection member 13 and the nut plate 11 come into contact with each other. The interval is changed so that the stroke amount of the piston shaft 5 can be adjusted.

That is, when the members to be machined such as the work 8 and the rivet 15 are changed at the time of caulking, the stroke of the piston shaft 5 is adjusted according to the changed work thickness and the rivet length to make the forming shaft 1 excessive or insufficient. Instead, it is brought into contact with a rivet shaft protruding from the end face of the work, so that as shown in FIG. 15, optimum caulking forming can be performed in which the works 8 are in close contact with each other.

[0010]

However, in the method of adjusting the stroke amount of the piston shaft when the above work or rivet is changed, the rivet length and work thickness vary even for works and rivets of the same size. The protruding length of the rivet shaft protruding from each work is different.
As shown in 6, the stroke amount of the piston shaft 5 is insufficient and caulking creates a gap, which causes defective crimping. On the contrary, the stroke amount is too large and the forming shaft comes into contact with the workpiece end surface, which damages the workpiece end surface. There is also a problem that the molding shaft is damaged.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to prevent caulking defects and damage to the end face of the work and the forming shaft due to dimensional errors due to variations in the caulking members such as the work and rivets, and to perform the optimum caulking process. It is to provide a molding method.

[0012]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a forming tool attached to a piston shaft of a cylinder supported by a column above a table is lowered on the table by lowering the piston shaft. In a caulking machine that crimps by pressing against the end of the placed work or the projecting body of the work, place it on the above column from the origin position during measurement.
A measuring device that descends is provided and this measuring device is
Measurement attachment that contacts the top of the
The attachment is urged downward by a spring
The lower limit of the measurement attachment in the free state.
Measuring jig with a contact rod that can move up and down
To attach the measurement attachment before crimping.
The top surface of the workpiece and attach the contact rod to the workpiece.
Touch the apex of the projecting body protruding above to
Length measuring device for the amount of contact rod lifted against the attachment
By measuring the height of the work or the projecting length of the projecting body of the work for each work by measuring by, the method of adjusting the lowering amount of the piston shaft according to the measured length and performing caulking are performed. is there.

[0013]

[Function] In such a crimping forming method of the crimping machine,
The caulking machine lowers the piston shaft and presses the forming tool against the end of the work or the projecting body to perform the caulking. Therefore, the caulking can be performed only in the stroke range of the piston shaft lowering.

Therefore, the projecting length of the projecting body of each work or the height of the work is measured.
To lower the measurement attachment to the top surface of the workpiece.
Work to be touched and to be caulked on the upper surface of the protruding body
The contact rod comes into contact with the upper surface of the
And the height is measured by a measuring device such as an encoder , and their crimping dimensions are measured. Then, the dimension is fed back, the stroke amount of the forming tool is adjusted so that the forming tool can cover the dimension according to the dimension, and the caulking amount is controlled to adjust the dimensional error of individual work pieces or projecting bodies of work pieces. To correct.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

At this time, the parts described in the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 shows a crimping machine according to a first embodiment for crimping by the crimping method of the present invention.

In the caulking machine of the first embodiment, the operation rotary cylinder 1 of the stroke adjusting mechanism 9 of the cylinder 3 supported by the column 4 is located above the XY table 2 on which the work 8 is placed.
0 is provided with a gear 16 on the outer periphery thereof, and a pulse motor 17 having a pinion gear meshing with the gear 16 is attached to the cylinder 3. By driving the pulse motor 17, the operation rotary cylinder 10 is rotated and the piston shaft 5 is rotated. A riveting machine capable of adjusting the stroke amount, and an origin sensor 18 such as an optical sensor or a proximity sensor provided in the lower portion of the cylinder 3 for detecting an uppermost point which is a starting point of the piston shaft 5 of the riveting machine, A measuring device, which is attached to a column 4 installed with a riveting machine via an air cylinder 19 for raising and lowering, is supported on the XY table 2 so as to be vertically movable, and measures the protruding length of a rivet shaft protruding from the work 8. 21 and its measuring device 2
The measurement circuit 22 for calculating the stroke amount of the piston shaft 5 from the detection data of No. 1 and the measurement device 21 is operated to obtain the calculation data of the measurement circuit 22, and the riveting machine is controlled by the calculation data obtained as a result. And a programmer 23 having a sequential program for caulking.

The measuring device 21 comprises a linear pulse encoder (hereinafter, encoder) 24 and a measuring jig 25.

As shown in FIG. 2, the encoder 24 includes two sets of a light projecting element and a light receiving element facing each other, a fixed slit plate provided between the light projecting element and the light receiving element, and a movable slit plate. The fixed slit plate is attached to the housing, and the movable slit plate is attached to the spindle 26.

Further, the spindle 26 has a contactor 2 at its tip.
7 is provided and is urged downwardly of the housing by a compression spring attached to the housing.

Therefore, when the contact 27 of the spindle 26 is pressed against the member and the spindle 26 is pushed into the housing, the movable slit plate slides, and the detection light from the light emitting element to the light receiving element is moved to the movable slit plate. The light is intermittently shielded by the light, and the light receiving element emits a pulse output.

At this time, the two light receiving elements are arranged so that the phases of the pulse outputs differ by 90 °, and output the two-phase pulses so that the extending direction and the contracting direction of the spindle 26 can be discriminated.

As shown in FIG. 3, the measuring jig 25 has a holder 28 for supporting the encoder 24, a support pipe 30 having the holder 28 attached to one end, and a contact rod 29 for supporting the contact rod 29 so as to be movable back and forth. It is composed of a measurement attachment 31 which is detachably attached to the other end of the support pipe 30 by a mounting screw and can be replaced according to the work 8. The support pipe 30 is fitted with a contact rod 29. A compression spring that biases the contact rod 29 toward the measurement attachment 31 is provided. The holder 28 is provided with a set screw so that the mounting position of the encoder 24 can be adjusted back and forth.
7 is attached by contacting the end surface of the contact rod 29.

Further, the measurement attachment 31 has a U-shaped tip and a through hole for inserting the contact rod 29 in the center thereof. As shown in FIG. By contacting the end face of the contact rod 29 with the rivet end face against the work 8, the protruding length from the work end face to the rivet end face can be measured.

The protrusion length measured in this manner presses the contact 27 of the encoder 24 by the contact rod 29, and a two-phase pulse corresponding to the protrusion length is output.

As shown in FIG. 1, the measurement circuit 22 receives a NAND circuit 32 to which a two-phase pulse is input, a frequency divider circuit 33 to which the output of the NAND circuit 32 is input, and an output of the frequency divider circuit 33. Counter 34.

The NAND circuit 32 generates a serial pulse corresponding to the protrusion length from the overlapping portion of the two-phase pulse signals which are 90 ° out of phase with each other.

The frequency dividing circuit 33 rotates the operating rotary cylinder 10 in order to obtain the stroke amount of the cylinder 3 required for caulking the protruding length of the serial pulse generated by the NAND circuit 32 for the protruding length of the encoder 24. The frequency is divided into the number of driving pulses of the moving pulse motor 17.

The counter 34 counts the divided pulses and outputs the count value to the programmer 23.

The programmer 23 is, for example, a sequencer using a microcomputer, a control valve of a hydraulic circuit of the cylinder 3 of the caulking machine controlled by the sequencer, a motor 6 of the caulking machine, a pulse motor 3 of the XY table 2.
5, pulse motor 1 of the stroke adjusting mechanism 9 of the crimping machine
7. A driver circuit such as a control valve for the lifting air cylinder 19 of the measuring device 21.

The output of the counter 34 of the measuring circuit 22 and the output of the origin sensor 18 are input to the sequencer. On the other hand, the reset output from the sequencer is input to the frequency dividing circuit 33 and the counter 34 of the measuring circuit 22.

This embodiment is constructed as described above. Next, by describing the caulking process,
The caulking method of the present invention will be described.

In this caulking machine, the rivet 1 of the work 8 arranged in the XY table 2 is set by the sequence program installed in the sequencer of the programmer 23.
The protrusion lengths of the five axes are measured for each work 8, and the stroke amount of the piston shaft 5 of the riveting machine is adjusted according to the measured data, and caulking is performed.

That is, in the XY table 2, for example,
A workpiece fixed in series with a distance between the measuring attachment 31 of the measuring device 21 and the molding shaft 1 of the riveting machine (preferably indicated by marking on the table 2) with the rivet shaft 20 facing upward. 8 is arranged (when arranged in this way, measurement and caulking can be performed continuously), and the caulking machine is started.

Then, the programmer 23 operates the control valve of the cylinder 3 of the riveting machine, and also drives the pulse motor 17 of the stroke adjusting mechanism 9 to raise the piston shaft 5 until the origin sensor 18 outputs a detection output. To do. Further, the control valve of the lifting air cylinder 19 of the measuring device 21 is operated to raise the measuring device 21.

Then, the programmer 23 moves the XY table 2 to the left as far as it is in FIG. 1, and the works 8 at the right end arranged on the table 2 are directly below the measurement attachment 31 of the measuring device 21. Move to position.

Next, the programmer 23 outputs a reset signal to reset the frequency dividing circuit 33 and the counter 34 of the measuring circuit 22, and then the air cylinder 19 of the measuring device 21.
To activate the control valve to lower the measurement attachment 3
1 is brought into contact with the first work 8. Then, the contact rod 29 is brought into contact with the shaft end surface of the rivet 15, and the protruding length of the rivet 15 is measured.

At this time, a serial pulse corresponding to the protrusion length is output from the encoder 24, and the serial pulse is used by the frequency dividing circuit 22 to caulk the rivet 15 of the workpiece 8 being measured, and the cylinder 5 of the riveting machine. Is divided into drive pulses of the pulse motor 17 of the stroke adjusting mechanism 9 necessary for adjusting the stroke length of, and the divided pulses are counted by the counter 34.

The programmer 23 reads the count output buffered in the counter 34 after a sufficient time such that no measurement pulse is output from the encoder 24.

At the same time, the programmer 23 causes the measuring device 21 to
The control valve of the lifting air cylinder 19 is operated to raise the measuring device 21.

The programmer 23 has the stroke adjusting mechanism 9 in which the pulse rate is reduced from the read count output to the extent that the pulse motor 17 does not step out.
The drive pulse of the pulse motor 17 is generated, the drive pulse is output to operate the stroke adjusting mechanism 9, and the stroke of the cylinder 5 is adjusted.

Next, the XY table 2 is moved to move the first work 8 for which measurement has been completed, to the position just below the forming shaft 1 of the riveting machine, and the control valve of the cylinder 3 is actuated to move the piston shaft 5. And the motor 6 is operated to rotate the spindle shaft 7, the molding shaft 1 is pressed against the end surface of the rivet 15 shaft, and caulking is performed.

When the cylinder 3 reaches the adjusted stroke and the molding is completed, the control valve of the cylinder 3 is operated to raise the piston shaft 5, and the motor 6 is stopped to stop the spindle shaft 7.

When the first work 8 is swaged and formed, the programmer 23 outputs a reset signal to clear the frequency dividing circuit 33 and the counter 34 of the measuring circuit 22, and then the same as above. , The measuring device 21 is lowered (at this time, the contact rod 2 of the measuring attachment 31 is
9 is the same as the tip of the attachment 31), because the first work 8 is caulked and formed, the measurement attachment 31 is attached to the second work 8 that has moved directly below when moved. Abut and measure.

Also at this time, as in the previous time, the drive pulse for the pulse motor 17 of the stroke adjusting mechanism 9 is generated from the measured serial pulse by the frequency dividing circuit 33 and counted by the counter 34. The count value is read by the programmer 23, the pulse motor 17 of the stroke adjusting mechanism 9 of the riveting machine is driven, and the stroke is adjusted according to the protruding length of the rivet shaft 20 of the workpiece 8 during measurement. After this, the measuring device 21 is moved up to XY
The table 2 is moved, the work 8 is moved directly below the riveting machine, the cylinder 3 is lowered, the spindle shaft 7 is rotated, and the forming shaft 1 is pressed against the end surface of the rivet 15 shaft of the work 8 and caulking is performed. Do.

Thereafter, similarly, the protruding lengths of the rivets of the work 8 are individually measured, the stroke of the riveting machine is adjusted, and the caulking is performed.

Therefore, all the workpieces 8 thus crimped do not cause crimping defects. Further, the work 8 and the forming shaft 1 are not damaged. Further, since the caulking is controlled to an optimum caulking amount, the strength is also improved.

Here, generation of a drive pulse for the pulse motor 17 of the stroke adjusting mechanism 9 from the measurement pulse in this embodiment will be described.

In the embodiment, the measurement of the rivet shaft 20 is performed by clearing the counter 34 and counting each time the measurement is performed. Therefore, the stroke amount counted by the counter 34 is measured from the uppermost point of the cylinder 3, that is, the origin. The stroke adjustment amount is counted.

Therefore, if the pulse motor 17 is directly driven by this count value, it is necessary to return the cylinder 3 to the origin every time adjustment is made.

Therefore, here, an algorithm of a method of calculating a drive pulse that enables stroke adjustment without performing origin return will be shown.

In this calculation method, the programmer 23 is provided with two registers A and B for calculation.

Then, the count output of the counter 34 is input to the A register as shown in FIG. next,
The B register is subtracted from the A register in which the count output is registered, and the pulse motor 17 is driven by the difference.

After the difference is taken, the contents of the A register are transferred to the B register, and the new count output of the counter 34 is input to the A register.

Thereafter, by repeating this calculation, a pulse output for changing the cylinder from the current position to the new adjustment position is output to the pulse motor 17, and stroke adjustment can be performed without performing the origin return.

An example of the calculation is shown in FIG. As is clear from this calculation example, the counter output N indicating the stroke amount from the origin and the total number of drive pulses input to the pulse motor

[0058]

[Equation 1]

It can be seen that and are in agreement and the required stroke amount can be obtained.

Next, as another embodiment, FIGS.
Shows a press machine for performing bending as a crimping machine to which the crimping method of the present invention is applied.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a pressure roller 40 is used instead of the forming shaft 1 of the riveting machine of the first embodiment.
Shows a bending machine used for fixing the lid of the circular can.

As shown in FIG. 8, the pressure contact roller 40 is provided in the housing so as to be displaced from the axis of the spindle shaft 7, and the spindle shaft 7 is rotated by the motor 6 with respect to the can 41 placed on the table 2. Meanwhile, by lowering the cylinder 3, the pressure contact roller 40 comes into contact with the peripheral edge of the can 41, and bending is performed.

In such caulking of the can 41,
The height of the can 41 at the work 8 varies, so that the peripheral edge cannot be caulked sufficiently, causing caulking failure.

Therefore, in this bending machine, the can 41 is
In order to measure the height of the can, the measuring attachment 31 used by the measuring device 21 is made larger in size in accordance with the width and height of the can 41 than in the first embodiment. .

Further, a plate member is attached to the tip of the contact rod 29, and as shown in FIG. 9, the can 41 is fixed to the XY table 2 by a jig and is directly mounted on the can 41 which is placed. Then, the height of the can 41 is measured.

In this case, the height of the jig may be given to the programmer 23 in advance as an offset.

The other parts and functions are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 10 shows, as a third embodiment, another forming tool which can be used in the bending machine of the second embodiment.

This forming tool has two pressure contact rollers 40 of the second embodiment, and further, a can 41 by a spring.
Is a forming tool which is provided with a pressure contact pin 43 for pressing the lid to regulate the movement of the lid during processing and facilitates bending.

FIG. 11 shows, as a fourth embodiment, another forming tool which can be used in the bending machine of the second embodiment as in the third embodiment.

This forming tool is a forming tool for carrying out burring processing which has a protrusion 45 which comes into contact with the peripheral edge of the cylindrical container 44 and presses the protrusion 45 against the peripheral edge of the container 44 to form a flange.

FIG. 12 shows, as a fifth embodiment, another forming tool which can be used in the bending machine of the second embodiment for performing the burring process as in the fourth embodiment.

This forming tool has a pressure contact roller 46 having a tapered surface, and the taper surface of the pressure contact roller 46 is pressed against the peripheral edge of the cylindrical container 44 to form a flared flange.

As described above, this caulking method can be applied not only to the caulking of the rivet but also to the bending process of the pressing process, regardless of the variation in the size of the work or the caulking member.
Proper caulking can be performed without causing a caulking defect.

In the embodiment, the measuring device is attached to the XY table, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the projecting length of the projecting body of the work or the height of the work before caulking. Any one may be used as long as it can individually measure the.

The measuring device is not limited to the one using the linear pulse encoder, and for example, a non-contact sensor using light or laser may be used.

Furthermore, the method of adjusting the stroke amount of the crimping machine is not limited to the embodiment.

[0078]

[Effect] According to the crimp forming method for the crimping machine of the present invention, the projecting length of the projecting body of the work or the height of the work is measured.
With a measuring device consisting of a fixed attachment and a contact rod.
Since the optimum cylinder stroke length is determined based on the measured data, the optimum crimping can always be performed regardless of variations in the dimensions of the work and the caulking member.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent caulking defects from occurring and prevent damage to the work and the forming tool.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a rehtting machine of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an exploded explanatory view showing a linear rotary encoder.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view showing a measuring device.

FIG. 4 is an operation diagram showing a measuring method of the measuring device.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view showing a method of generating a drive pulse of a pulse motor.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view showing a calculation example of a method for generating a drive pulse of a pulse motor.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a bending machine according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway front view showing a forming tool of a bending machine according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an operation diagram of the measurement attachment of the measuring device of the bending machine according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a forming tool of a bending machine according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway front view showing a forming tool of a bending machine according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway front view showing a forming tool of a bending machine according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a conventional riveting machine.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a stroke adjusting mechanism of a conventional riveting machine.

FIG. 15 is an action diagram showing an optimum rivet crimping state.

FIG. 16 is an action diagram showing defective crimping of a rivet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Forming Axis 2 Work Table 3 Cylinder 4 Column 5 Piston Axis 8 Work 9 Stroke Adjusting Mechanism 15 Rivet 21 Measuring Device 22 Measuring Circuit 24 Linear Pulse Encoder 25 Measuring Jig 40 Pressure Contact Roller 41 Can 44 Container 45 Protrusion 46 Pressure Contact Roller

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A forming tool attached to a piston shaft of a cylinder supported by a column above a table,
The piston shaft is lowered, a placed thereon caulking molding process of the work end or swaging machine crimping pressed against the projecting member of the workpiece on the table, in the column, at the time of measurement
This measuring device is equipped with a measuring device that descends from the origin position.
The measuring attachment that touches the upper surface of the work when descending.
And a spring on this measurement attachment
The measurement attachment is urged downward and is free.
With a contact rod that can move up and down to hold the lower limit position
Install a measuring jig to measure the
Contact the upper surface of the workpiece with the contact
Make sure that the rod is not
Let the contact rod rise relative to the measurement attachment.
By measuring the amount with a length measuring instrument, the height of the work or the protruding length of the projecting body of the work is measured for each work, and the descending amount of the piston shaft is adjusted according to the measured length, and caulking is performed. The caulking method of the caulking machine.