JP2532238Y2 - Crawler belt type vehicle - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a crawler belt type vehicle, and in particular, a clutch device or a brake device provided in a driving force transmission path from a drive shaft to wheels according to a steering angle of a steering wheel. The present invention relates to a spring means provided in a transmission mechanism that operates by pressing.

2. Description of the Related Art In a crawler belt type vehicle, providing a clutch device that interrupts transmission of driving force to wheels on a drive shaft located inside a turn when the vehicle turns is disclosed in U.S. Pat.
It is known from the specification of Japanese Patent No. 187 and the like, and it is also attempted to provide a brake device for stopping the rotation of the wheel inside the turning as performed in a general vehicle (see Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 60-66568). The applicant has disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-101193 that a transmission mechanism connecting a master cylinder and a handle of a hydraulic circuit for operating such a clutch or a brake by a link lever mechanism. It proposes one with a neutral spring.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] Such a clutch or brake is biased in a neutral direction by a spring force, but the neutral position is not always clear, and the conventional neutral spring always opposes the operating force. Since it acts as a reaction force, the spring reaction force increases as the steering angle increases.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to apply a neutral force in a small steering angle region of a steering wheel in an operating region of a clutch or a brake that operates according to a steering angle of a steering wheel for turning, and an assist direction in a large steering angle region. A crawler belt type that has a spring reaction force characteristic that urges the crawler belt to clarify the neutral position and suppress the reaction force opposing the operation force at large steering angles to reduce the steering wheel operating force. To provide a vehicle.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides at least one of the front and rear axles of a vehicle 1 having at least four wheels with a drive shaft 13.
A traveling device 20 that rotatably supports the front and rear wheels and has a crawler belt 29 disposed between the front wheels and the rear wheels.
In the crawler belt type vehicle having the left and right sides of the vehicle body, the clutch device 48 or the rotation of the inner wheel on the drive shaft 13 side that can interrupt the transmission of the driving force to the inner wheel on the drive shaft 13 side according to the steering angle of the handle 16 Brake device that can stop
45, the clutch device 48 or the brake device 45
The transmission mechanism 89 connecting the master cylinder 72 and the handle 16 of the hydraulic circuit for operating the hydraulic circuit is provided with a spring means 78 for urging in the neutral direction in the small steering angle region and in the assist direction in the large steering angle region. It is characterized by the following.

[Operation] Since the master cylinder 72 of the clutch device 48 or the brake device 45 is interlocked with the handle 16 via the transmission mechanism 89, the transmission of the driving force to the inner wheel of the drive shaft 13 is cut off according to the steering angle of the handle 16. Or stop turning the inner ring to turn.

Since the transmission mechanism 89 is provided with a spring means 78 which urges in the neutral direction in the small steering angle region and urges in the assist direction in the large steering angle region, the spring reaction force characteristic of the transmission mechanism 89 causes the small steering angle region. And the neutral position is clear, and the reaction force opposing the operation force at the time of a large steering angle is suppressed, so that the steering wheel operation force is reduced.

Embodiment An embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a commercially available four-wheeled vehicle, and reference numeral 20 denotes a crawler belt type traveling device, which is a one-box type four-wheeled vehicle 1 in the drawing, but can also be applied to trucks, passenger cars, and the like. 2 and 3, F denotes a front suspension and R denotes a rear suspension. Front suspension F is knuckle 2, lower arm 3,
The coil spring 4 and the damper 5 are integrally formed.
A front wheel hub 6 is supported on the knuckle 2 via an axle (not shown). Rear suspension R includes axle beam 7, axle tube 8, leaf spring 9, damper
10, etc., 11 is a propulsion shaft, 12 is a rear differential housing, and a rear axle 13 is shown in FIG.

The crawler belt type traveling device 20 mounted on the left and right sides of the four-wheeled vehicle 1 having the above-described axle suspension device has a crawler belt 29 on a driven sprocket 31 and a driving sprocket 41 rotatably mounted on the front and rear of a frame 21, respectively. It is mounted. Six front and rear wheels 23 on the skirt 22 below the frame 21
Are supported, and two front and rear guide wheels 24 are supported on the frame 21 via stays as shown in the figure. Then, a two-plate spring 26 whose plate surface extends forward in the vertical direction is bolted to a bracket 25 protruding inside the front part of the frame 21 and a reinforcing pipe 27 is provided between the left and right brackets 25, 25 by bolts. The front part of the leaf spring 26 is further bolted to the front wheel hub 6 and attached. A driving sprocket shaft 42 supported at the rear of the frame 21 is connected to the rear axle 13 via a speed reducer as shown in FIG.
A reinforcement pipe 28 is also installed between the rear ends of the pipes.

 Next, the structure of FIG. 4 will be described.

A carrier 51 is spline-fitted to the inner end of the driving sprocket shaft 42, and a sun gear 53 and a ring gear 54 meshing with a plurality of planetary gears 52 rotatably supported by the carrier 51.
, Thereby constituting the planetary gear type speed reducer 55. The drive sprocket shaft 42 is supported via a bearing 57 on a speed reducer case 56 to which the ring gear 54 is fixed, and the speed reducer case 56 is supported on the frame 21 via a bearing 58.

Then, the reduction gear case 56 is assembled on the rear axle 13 via the bearing 59, and at this time, the sun gear 53 is spline-fitted to the front end of the rear axle 13. In the above assembled state, the rear axle 13, the speed reducer case 56, the drive sprocket shaft 42
The retaining of each part of the frame 21 is performed by snap rings at both ends of the bearing as shown. Further, lubricating oil is sealed in the speed reducer case 56, and an oil seal is provided as shown in the figure.

Further, a brake disc 43 is fixed to the projecting portion of the drive sprocket shaft 42, and a brake caliper 44 for clamping and braking the brake disc 43 is provided, thereby constituting a brake device 45 capable of stopping the drive sprocket 41. A clutch disc 46 is fixed to the inner end of the speed reducer case 56, and a clutch caliper 47 for clamping and braking the clutch disc 46 is provided, so that transmission of driving force from the rear axle 13 to the driving sprocket 41 can be cut off. And clutch device
Make up 48.

Here, a bearing pipe 91 is mounted on the rear axle 13 at a position inside the reduction gear case 56 via a bearing 92, and this bearing pipe 91 is connected to the reduction gear case 56 as shown in FIGS. Plate between the frame 21 and the reinforcing pipe 28 so as to surround
It is fixed to.

In FIG. 4, when the clutch device 49 is in the ON state, that is, when the disk 46 is pinched and braked by the caliper 47, the ring gear 54 integrated with the speed reducer case 56 is fixed, so that the sun gear 53 that rotates integrally with the rear axle 13 The planetary gear 52 revolves around, and the driving force is transmitted from the sprocket shaft 42 via the carrier 51 to the driving sprocket 41 at a reduced speed.
At this time, the brake device 45 is kept in the OFF state. Conversely, the clutch device 48 is turned off and the brake device 45 is turned on,
That is, when the disc 43 is pinched and braked by the caliper 44, the sprocket shaft 42 is fixed and the carrier 51 is also fixed, so that the rotation of the sun gear 53 integrated with the rear axle 13 is performed only by the rotation of the planetary gear 52 and the ring gear. The transmission is transmitted to the speed reducer case 56 integrated with the speed reducer case 54, so that the speed reducer case 56 enters the idle state.

Here, the sprocket shaft 32 of the driven sprocket 31 is also provided with a brake device 35 including a brake disc 33 and a brake caliper 34.

FIG. 5 shows a turning control system in the above crawler belt type vehicle. 15 is a brake pedal, 16 is a steering handle, and 60 is a control box. When the brake pedal 15 is depressed, the hydraulic pressure of the master cylinder 36 is sent to the left and right brake calipers 34, and the left and right driven sprockets 31 are stopped at the same time by stopping the rotation of the sprocket shaft 32 and simultaneously stopping the left and right driven sprockets 31. Let it.

The control box 60 controls the operation of the pair of left and right actuators 61, 61 by turning on / off the pair of left and right actuator switches 71, 71. The actuator 61 includes a motor 62, a speed reducer 63, a ball nut mechanism 64, and a rod member 65. It consists of. A piston rod 68 of a master cylinder 67 is connected to a rod member 65 via a lever 66, and the master cylinder 67 is connected to a clutch caliper 47. A confirmation switch 69 is provided at a connection between the lever 66 and the piston rod 68, and the switch 69 is connected to a confirmation lamp 70.

Further, a master cylinder 72 connected to the brake caliper 44 is provided, and a piston rod of the master cylinder 72 is provided.
73 is connected to the lever 74. Further, a neutral return arm 76 is provided in front of and separated from the arm, and this arm 76 is urged rearward by a tension coil spring 78 as spring means.

On the other hand, a chain sprocket mechanism 37 is provided integrally with the shaft of the steering handle 16, 38 is a chain, and 39 is a driven sprocket.
37 is installed rearward from a steering shaft separated from a normal steering link mechanism originally provided in the vehicle 1.

In FIG. 6 showing the driver's seat portion of the vehicle 1, reference numeral 17 denotes a steering shaft, reference numeral 18 denotes a chain case, reference numeral S denotes a driver side seat, and brake master cylinders 72, 72 are arranged below the seat S. That is, chain case 1
(8) A pair of left and right levers 74, 74 and a master cylinder 72,
A box 86 incorporating up to 72 is arranged below the seat S as shown in FIG. 7, and 19 is a seat bracket.

The cam mechanism 75 is as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, that is, the driven sprocket 39, the right brake cam 82, the neutral return cam 83, the left brake cam 82, and the switch cam 84 are integrated with the shaft 81 in order from the bottom. Have. The roller 75 provided on the lever 74 is engaged with the brake cam 82 from behind, the roller 77 provided on the arm 76 is engaged from the front with the neutral return cam 83, and the switch cam 84 is adjacent to the left and right sides. Actuator switch for clutch
71,71 are arranged.

Thus, the transmission mechanism that operates the master cylinder 72 for braking according to the steering angle of the steering handle 16
89 are configured. In FIG. 7, 87 is a lever.
Reference numeral 74 denotes a support shaft, and reference numeral 88 denotes a support shaft of the arm 76.

According to the crawler belt type vehicle having the various equipment described above, both the left and right clutch devices 48 are in the ON state to ensure straight traveling, but have the following functions during turning.

First, the operation direction of the steering handle 16 is changed from the movement of the switch cam 84 which rotates in conjunction with the driven sprocket 39 of the chain sprocket mechanism 37.
Is sent to the control box 60. And the control box 60 controls only the clutch device 48 inside the turn.
A command to turn off is issued to one actuator 61. That is, one motor 62 is driven to protrude the rod member 65, and only one lever 66 is swung to pull up the piston rod 68 from the master cylinder 67, and the clutch caliper on the inside of the rotation is turned.
The hydraulic pressure applied to 47 is returned to the master cylinder 67. Thereby, the clutch device 48 inside the turning is turned off.

Next, in conjunction with the steering handle 16, only the brake device 45 inside the turn is turned ON. In other words, the driven sprocket
A lever 74 that engages with each brake cam 82 that rotates in conjunction with 39 via a roller 75 swings, and one of the levers 74 pushes the piston rod 73 into the master cylinder 72 to apply hydraulic pressure to the inner brake caliper 44. And brakes the brake disc 43 by clamping. As a result, the brake device 45 inside the turn is turned ON with a delay.

In this way, the inner drive sprocket during turning
After stopping the transmission of the driving force to 41, the stopping by the braking is performed, so that the crawler belt 29 inside the turning can be surely stopped and the turning performance can be improved.

In the above, each cam profile shape of the cam mechanism 85 is set as follows.

FIGS. 10 (a) and (b) show the profile of the left and right brake cams 82. The cam surface 82a whose distance from the center gradually increases gradually transfers the piston rod 73 to the master cylinder 72 via the lever 74. The pushing amount corresponds to the steering angle of the steering wheel, and the end surfaces of the tops of the cam surfaces 82a are stopper surfaces 82b on which the rollers 75 abut.

In the above, the brake cam 82 and the lever 74 provided in the brake operation system have been described. However, it is a matter of course that a similar cam and lever configuration can be adopted for the clutch operation system.

Further, FIG. 11 shows a profile of the neutral return cam 83, and the boundary between the cam surfaces 83a, 83a forming a left-right symmetry is a neutral holding recess 83b, and the shape of the cam surface 83a is the cam shown in FIG. It is set to generate the reaction force characteristic a.

In other words, in FIG. 12, the cam reaction force gradually decreases at the maximum in the vicinity of the neutral holding concave portion 83b as shown by the characteristic A, and further decreases at a negative value beyond the cam top. Here, the reaction force of the piston rod 73 of the master cylinder 72 is indicated by a characteristic B, and therefore, the handle operation force is the sum characteristic C of the cam reaction force characteristic A and the piston rod reaction force characteristic B.

As is clear from this steering wheel operating force characteristic C, the neutral position in the small steering angle region becomes clear, and the reaction force opposing the operating force at the large steering angle is suppressed, and the steering wheel operating force is reduced compared to the conventional It is something to be done.

FIG. 13 shows the profile of the switch cam 84,
The small-diameter cam surface 84a and the large-diameter cam surface 84b have a symmetrical shape, and the ON / OFF state of one of the clutch actuator switches 71, 71 engaged with the cam surface 84a detects the handle operation direction.

In the embodiment, the rear-wheel drive type four-wheeled vehicle is used. However, the front-wheel drive type can be equipped with a crawler belt type traveling device by reversing front and rear. The present invention can be applied to a belt type vehicle, and an axle suspension system is optional.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a master cylinder of a hydraulic circuit that operates a clutch device or a brake device that is linked to a steering angle of a steering wheel for turning a crawler belt type vehicle is connected to the steering wheel. The transmission mechanism is provided with a spring means that urges in the neutral direction in the small steering angle area and urges in the assist direction in the large steering angle area, so that the neutral position in the small steering angle area is clarified by its spring reaction force characteristics. The reaction force opposing the operation force at the time of a large steering angle can be suppressed, and the steering wheel operation force can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a crawler belt type vehicle to which the present invention is applied, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective plan and perspective views showing the relationship between an axle suspension device and a crawler belt type traveling device.
FIG. 4 is a half sectional view showing the structure of the drive shaft portion, FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram for explaining turning control, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a vehicle driver's seat, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the cam integrated part, FIG. 9 is a side view of the cam engaged state, and FIGS. 10 (a) and (b) explain the engagement between the right and left operation cams and the rollers. FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating the engagement between the neutral cam and the roller, FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram of the handle operation force, and FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating the engagement between the switch cam and the switch. is there. In the drawings, 1 is a vehicle, 13 is a drive shaft, 16 is a steering wheel, 20
Is a crawler belt type traveling device, 29 is a crawler belt, 45
Is a brake device, 48 is a clutch device, 67 and 72 are master cylinders of a hydraulic circuit, 78 is a spring means (tensile coil spring), 85 is a cam mechanism, and 89 is a transmission mechanism.

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] At least one of the front and rear axles of a vehicle having at least four wheels is used as a drive shaft, the front and rear wheels are rotatably supported, and a crawler belt is disposed between the front and rear wheels. In a crawler belt type vehicle that has a traveling device on both the left and right sides of the vehicle body, a clutch device that stops transmission of driving force to the inner wheel on the drive shaft side according to the steering angle of the steering wheel or stops rotation of the inner wheel on the drive shaft side A brake device that enables the clutch device or a hydraulic circuit that operates the clutch device or the brake device is urged in a neutral direction in a small steering angle region to a transmission mechanism connecting the master cylinder and the handle, and assisted in a large steering angle region. A crawler belt type vehicle provided with spring means for urging in a direction.