JP2529389B2 - Dome for Flying Body - Google Patents
Dome for Flying BodyInfo
- Publication number
- JP2529389B2 JP2529389B2 JP1097052A JP9705289A JP2529389B2 JP 2529389 B2 JP2529389 B2 JP 2529389B2 JP 1097052 A JP1097052 A JP 1097052A JP 9705289 A JP9705289 A JP 9705289A JP 2529389 B2 JP2529389 B2 JP 2529389B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- infrared
- dome
- transmits
- infrared rays
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は複数の周波数帯を共用する飛しよう体用ド
ームに関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a dome for a flying object that shares a plurality of frequency bands.
従来，飛しよう体用ドームはアンテナや赤外線センサ
などを風雨などの環境条件から保護すると共に，空力的
に抵抗の少ない形状であることが要求され，その性能は
電気特性（透過性），耐熱性などにより評価されるもの
で，その特性はドームの構造及びその構成材料で決定さ
れる。Conventionally, the flying dome is required to have a shape with low aerodynamic resistance while protecting the antenna and infrared sensor from environmental conditions such as wind and rain. Its performance is electrical characteristics (transparency) and heat resistance. The characteristics are determined by the structure of the dome and its constituent materials.
第３図は従来の赤外線とマイクロ波帯の２つの周波数
帯を共用するドームを示す図であり，図において，
（１）は赤外線とマイクロ波帯の２つの周波数帯に対し
て透過特性の良好な誘電体（MgF2など）を用いた共用ド
ーム，（21）は複数素子アンテナで構成されるアレーア
ンテナ，（22）は赤外線検知器と光学系で構成される赤
外線センサである。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional dome which shares two frequency bands of infrared rays and microwaves.
(1) is a shared dome that uses a dielectric (MgF 2 etc.) that has good transmission characteristics for two frequency bands, infrared and microwave bands, (21) is an array antenna composed of multiple element antennas, ( 22) is an infrared sensor consisting of an infrared detector and an optical system.
このドームは，共用ドーム（１）の材料である誘電体
の板厚を使用するマイクロ波帯の中心周波数の半波長の
整数倍として良好な電気特性を得ると共に，機械的にも
十分な強度が得られるように寸法が決められている。This dome has good electrical characteristics as an integral multiple of half wavelength of the center frequency of the microwave band using the plate thickness of the dielectric material which is the material of the common dome (1), and has sufficient mechanical strength. The dimensions are determined so that they can be obtained.
上記のような従来のドームでは，目標から輻射される
赤外線の他に太陽や妨害用フレアなど強度の大きな赤外
線によりゴーストが生じ本来の目標を見失うという問題
点があつた。The conventional dome as described above has a problem in that, in addition to the infrared rays radiated from the target, ghosts are caused by the infrared rays having high intensity such as the sun and the flare for obstruction, and the original target is lost.
このゴーストの発生を抑える方法として，共用ドーム
の一部分を赤外線とマイクロ波の２つの周波数帯に対し
て透過特性の良好な材料とし，残りをマイクロ波帯のみ
透過特性が優れ赤外線に対して不透明な材料（例えばア
ルミナなど）で構成する方法が考えられる。しかしなが
ら赤外線に対して不透明な材料は温度の上昇により赤外
線を輻射（黒体輻射）する。すなわち，飛しよう体が高
速で飛しようすることによる空力加熱で共用ドームの温
度が上昇し赤外線を輻射するため，赤外線センサの目標
の信号対雑音比が劣化して目標を見失うという問題点が
ある。As a method of suppressing the occurrence of this ghost, a part of the shared dome is made of a material having a good transmission characteristic in two frequency bands of infrared rays and microwaves, and the rest is excellent in a transmission characteristic only in the microwave band and is opaque to infrared rays. A method of constructing with a material (for example, alumina) can be considered. However, a material opaque to infrared rays radiates infrared rays (black body radiation) when the temperature rises. That is, since the temperature of the shared dome rises and infrared rays are radiated due to aerodynamic heating caused by the flying object flying at high speed, there is a problem that the target signal-to-noise ratio of the infrared sensor deteriorates and the target is lost. .
この発明は上記のような課題を解決するためになされ
たもので，共用ドームのマイクロ波帯のみを透過し赤外
線に対して不透明な材料に断熱層，赤外線反射層及び赤
外線吸収層を付加した複数の周波数帯を共用する飛しよ
う体用ドームを得ることを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a plurality of materials in which a heat insulating layer, an infrared reflecting layer, and an infrared absorbing layer are added to a material that transmits only the microwave band of the shared dome and is opaque to infrared rays. The aim is to obtain a flying dome that shares the same frequency band.
この発明に係るドームは，赤外線とマイクロ波の２つ
の周波数帯を透過する材料と赤外線反射層，断熱層及び
赤外線吸収層を設けたマイクロ波帯のみを透過し赤外線
に対して不透明な材料とで構成したものである。The dome according to the present invention is made of a material which transmits two frequency bands of infrared rays and microwaves and a material which transmits only the microwave band provided with the infrared reflection layer, the heat insulation layer and the infrared absorption layer and is opaque to infrared rays. It is composed.
この発明におけるドームは，赤外線を透過する部分を
制限すると共に，赤外線を透過しない部分に赤外線反射
層，断熱層及び赤外線吸収層を付加することにより，ゴ
ースト及びドームから輻射される赤外線を抑えることが
できる。In the dome of the present invention, the portion that transmits infrared rays is restricted, and the infrared rays radiated from the ghost and the dome are suppressed by adding an infrared reflecting layer, a heat insulating layer and an infrared absorbing layer to the portion that does not transmit infrared rays. it can.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例を示す図であり，（１）
は共用ドーム，（11）は赤外線とマイクロ波の２つの周
波数帯を透過する材料（例えばMgF2,スピネル），（1
2）はマイクロ波帯のみを透過する材料（例えばアルミ
ナ），（13）は赤外線反射層（例えばZnS），（14）は
断熱層（例えばウレタン系の絶縁材），（15）は赤外線
吸収層（例えばベルベツトコーテイング），（21）はア
レーアンテナ，（22）は赤外線センサである。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Is a shared dome, (11) is a material that transmits two frequency bands, infrared and microwave (eg MgF 2 , spinel), (1
2) is a material that transmits only the microwave band (eg alumina), (13) is an infrared reflection layer (eg ZnS), (14) is a heat insulating layer (eg urethane type insulation material), (15) is an infrared absorption layer (For example, Velvet Coating), (21) is an array antenna, and (22) is an infrared sensor.
第１図において，目標から反射または複写されるマイ
クロ波は赤外線とマイクロ波の２つの周波数帯を透過す
る材料（11）とマイクロ波帯のみを透過する材料（12）
との両者を通過して，アレーアンテナ（21）で受信され
る。飛しよう体をマイクロ波のモードで精度よく誘導す
るためには，上記両者の材料を透過するマイクロ波の透
過位相を同一にする必要がある。In FIG. 1, the microwave reflected or copied from the target is a material that transmits two frequency bands of infrared and microwave (11) and a material that transmits only the microwave band (12).
After passing through both, and is received by the array antenna (21). In order to accurately guide the flying object in the microwave mode, it is necessary to make the transmission phases of the microwaves passing through both materials the same.
このため，第２図に示すように赤外線とマイクロ波の
２つの周波数帯を透過する材料（11）の比誘導率εr1と
入射角θｉに対応した次式で表わされる板厚t1とする。Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, the relative dielectric constant εr 1 of the material (11) that transmits two frequency bands of infrared rays and microwaves and the plate thickness t 1 expressed by the following equation corresponding to the incident angle θ i To do.
ただし，λは自由空間波長である。 However, λ is a free space wavelength.
また，マイクロ波帯のみを透過する材料（12）の板厚
t2は，赤外線反射層（13），断熱層（14）及び赤外線吸
収層（15）の比誘電率も考慮した等価比誘電率εr2から
次式で表わされる値にすればよい。In addition, the thickness of the material (12) that transmits only the microwave band
t 2 may be set to a value represented by the following equation from the equivalent relative permittivity εr 2 in consideration of the relative permittivities of the infrared reflection layer (13), the heat insulation layer (14) and the infrared absorption layer (15).
一方，目標から輻射される赤外線を赤外線センサ（2
2）で受信する赤外線のモードで誘導する場合は赤外線
とマイクロ波の２つの周波数を透過する材料（11）の部
分を通過する赤外線のみを使用する。すなわち，第２図
に示すようにマイクロ波帯のみを透過する材料（12）の
部分から太陽や妨害用フレアなどの強度の大きな赤外線
イの洩れを抑えるため，この材料（12）の外側に赤外線
反射層（13）を蒸着等でコーテイングする。 On the other hand, the infrared sensor (2
In the case of induction in the infrared ray mode received in 2), only the infrared ray that passes through the part of the material (11) that transmits two frequencies, infrared ray and microwave, is used. That is, as shown in Fig. 2, in order to suppress the leakage of high-intensity infrared rays such as the sun and flare for obstruction from the part of the material (12) that transmits only the microwave band, infrared rays are applied to the outside of this material (12). The reflective layer (13) is coated by vapor deposition or the like.
また，内側は，空力加熱等で材料（12）自身から輻射
する赤外線ロ及びアレーアンテナ（21）等ドーム内の内
面反射による不要な赤外線ハを吸収するため赤外線吸収
層（15）を断熱層（14）を介して赤外線吸収層（15）自
身が加熱されないようコーテイングすればよい。In addition, on the inner side, the infrared absorption layer (15) is heat-insulating layer (15) to absorb unnecessary infrared rays radiated from the material (12) itself by aerodynamic heating and the internal reflection inside the dome such as the array antenna (21). The infrared absorption layer (15) itself may be coated via 14) so as not to be heated.
更に、不要な赤外線の量を最小限度に抑えるため、赤
外線とマイクロ波の２つの周波数帯を透過する材料（1
1）の部分の大きさを赤外線センサ（22）の視野に相当
する範囲に限定すればよい。すなわち、赤外線センサ
（22）の視野を含めた光軸に対向する部分だけ赤外線と
マイクロ波の２つの周波数帯を透過する材料（11）と
し、残りは第２図で示す構成のマイクロ波帯のみを透過
する材料とすればよい。Furthermore, in order to minimize the amount of unnecessary infrared rays, a material that transmits two frequency bands of infrared rays and microwaves (1
The size of the portion 1) may be limited to the range corresponding to the field of view of the infrared sensor (22). That is, only the portion of the infrared sensor (22) that faces the optical axis including the field of view is made of a material (11) that transmits two frequency bands of infrared and microwave, and the rest is only the microwave band of the configuration shown in FIG. May be a material that transmits.
このように，赤外線とマイクロ波の２つの周波数帯を
切換えて使用，または同時に使用する飛しよう体用ドー
ムとして，赤外線とマイクロ波の２つの周波数帯を透過
する材料とマイクロ波帯のみを透過する材料で構成し，
マイクロ波帯のみを透過する材料の外側には赤外線反射
層を内側には断熱層を介して赤外線吸収層を付加するこ
とにより，ゴースト及びドーム自身の加熱による赤外線
輻射の影響を受けることなく目標を追尾することができ
る。In this way, as a dome for a flying body that uses two frequency bands of infrared rays and microwaves in a switching manner or is used at the same time, only a material that transmits two frequency bands of infrared rays and microwaves and a microwave band are transmitted. Composed of materials,
By adding an infrared reflection layer on the outside of the material that transmits only the microwave band and an infrared absorption layer on the inside via a heat insulating layer, the target can be targeted without being affected by the infrared radiation due to the heating of the ghost and the dome itself. Can be tracked.
なお，上記説明では赤外線とマイクロ波とを共用する
場合について述べたが，赤外線の代りに紫外線や可視光
線の場合については，また，マイクロ波の代りにミリ波
の場合についても同様に適用できる。In the above description, the case where infrared rays and microwaves are shared is described, but the same applies to cases where ultraviolet rays or visible rays are used instead of infrared rays, and millimeter waves are used instead of microwaves.
以上のように，この発明によれば，マイクロ波帯のみ
を透過し赤外線に対して不透明な材料に赤外線反射層，
断熱層及び赤外線吸収層を付加し，赤外線とマイクロ波
の２つの周波数帯を透過する材料と組合せてドームを構
成することにより，ゴースト及びドーム自身の加熱によ
る赤外線輻射の影響を受けることなく目標を追尾し得る
飛しよう体用ドームを提供できるという効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, an infrared reflective layer is formed on a material that transmits only the microwave band and is opaque to infrared rays.
By adding a heat insulating layer and an infrared absorbing layer, and combining the material with a material that transmits two frequency bands of infrared rays and microwaves to form a dome, the target can be targeted without being affected by the ghost and infrared radiation due to heating of the dome itself. This has the effect of providing a flying dome that can be tracked.
第１図はこの発明による飛しよう体用ドームの一実施例
を示す概略図，第２図はこの発明の動作を説明するため
の図，第３図は従来の飛しよう体用ドームを示す概略図
である。 図中，（１）は共用ドーム，（11）は赤外線とマイクロ
波の２つの周波数帯を透過する材料，（12）はマイクロ
波帯のみを透過する材料，（13）は赤外線反射層，（1
4）は断熱層，（15）は赤外線吸収層，（21）はアレー
アンテナ，（22）は赤外線センサである。 なお，図中同一あるいは相当部分には同一符号を付して
示してある。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a flying dome according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic showing a conventional flying dome. It is a figure. In the figure, (1) is a shared dome, (11) is a material that transmits two frequency bands, infrared and microwave, (12) is a material that transmits only the microwave band, (13) is an infrared reflective layer, ( 1
4) is a heat insulating layer, (15) is an infrared absorbing layer, (21) is an array antenna, and (22) is an infrared sensor. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals.
Claims (1)
料と、電波のみを透過し光波に対して不透明な材料とで
構成されるドームにおいて、前記不透明な材料の外側に
光波のみを反射する反射層を設けかつ上記不透明な材料
の内面に断熱層と呼吸層をこの順序に設け、ドーム内に
置かれた光波センサの視野を含めた光軸と交わる部分を
前記光波と電波の２つの周波数帯を透過する材料で構成
することを特徴とする飛しょう体用ドーム。1. A dome composed of a material that transmits two frequency bands of a light wave and a radio wave and a material that transmits only the radio wave and is opaque to the light wave. Only the light wave is reflected to the outside of the opaque material. A heat insulating layer and a breathing layer are provided in this order on the inner surface of the opaque material, and a portion intersecting the optical axis including the visual field of the light wave sensor placed in the dome is divided into two parts, the light wave and the radio wave. A dome for a flying object, characterized by being made of a material that transmits the frequency band.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1097052A JP2529389B2 (en) | 1989-04-17 | 1989-04-17 | Dome for Flying Body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1097052A JP2529389B2 (en) | 1989-04-17 | 1989-04-17 | Dome for Flying Body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02274102A JPH02274102A (en) | 1990-11-08 |
| JP2529389B2 true JP2529389B2 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
Family
ID=14181890
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1097052A Expired - Lifetime JP2529389B2 (en) | 1989-04-17 | 1989-04-17 | Dome for Flying Body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2529389B2 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54124658A (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | High frequency device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6480906A (en) * | 1987-09-22 | 1989-03-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Infrared-light and radio wave separating plate |
-
1989
- 1989-04-17 JP JP1097052A patent/JP2529389B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54124658A (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | High frequency device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02274102A (en) | 1990-11-08 |
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