JP2527201B2 - Reversing device for vehicles such as motorcycles - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a reversing device mounted on a vehicle such as a motorcycle or a motorcycle, and in particular, it is provided in a system separate from a normal forward transmission. The present invention relates to a retractor that is used.

[Prior Art] Generally, in a vehicle such as a motorcycle or a motorcycle, only a forward transmission is mounted, and when it is necessary to move the vehicle backward during parking or when performing a reverse operation, the transmission is changed. Is set to a neutral position (neutral position) or the clutch is disengaged to cut off power transmission between the engine and the drive wheels, and the driver pushes the vehicle himself.

However, as the size of the vehicle increases, it becomes difficult to operate the vehicle as described above.

Therefore, the applicant of the present application, by Japanese Patent Application No. 61-241777,
We have already proposed a technology that uses a starting motor mounted on an engine to perform a reverse operation of a vehicle.

This technique, as shown in FIG. 1, has drive wheels (not shown).
And the output shaft 1 connected to the
A forward transmission 2 for transmitting the rotation of the engine to the output shaft 1, and a motor 3 provided for starting the engine.
A clutch mechanism 4 provided between the motor 3 and the output shaft 1 for connecting and disconnecting the motor 3 and the output shaft 1, and a clutch mechanism 4 provided between the clutch mechanism 4 and the transmission 2. And a control mechanism 5 for limiting the operation.

The clutch mechanism 4 is provided with a rotatable reverse shaft 6 arranged in the vicinity of the output shaft 1 in parallel with its axis, and is attached to the reverse shaft 6 so as to be slidable along the axial direction thereof. A slide gear 8 meshed with or disengaged from a reverse driven gear 7 mounted on the reverse shaft 6 by sliding (the state in which the slide gear 8 and the reverse driven gear 7 are meshed is shown in FIG. Of the slide gear 8 and the reverse shaft 6 are shown on the left side of FIG.
And a cam mechanism 9 for sliding the slide gear 8 by the rotation of the reverse shaft 6 and connected to the slide gear 8 via a spline 10 and constantly meshed with the motor 3. Idle gear
It has 11 and.

Further, the control mechanism 5 is arranged in the vicinity of the shift drum 12 constituting the transmission 2, and the engagement hole formed in the shift drum 12 is provided only when the shift drum 12 is in the neutral position. It is provided with an operating member 13 which is fitted in 12a and is allowed to rotate, and a connecting rod 14 which connects the operating member 13 and the reverse shaft 6 in an interlockable manner.

On the other hand, the operation of the above-described technique will be described below.

First, by positioning the transmission 2 in the neutral position, the engagement hole 12a formed in the shift drum 12 and the actuating member 13 are aligned with each other. Since the operating member 13 connected to the shaft 6 via the connecting rod 14 is opposed to the engaging hole 12a of the shift drum 12 and is allowed to rotate, the reverse shaft 6 also rotates. Similarly acceptable.

Then, due to such rotation of both, the operating member
As indicated by the chain line in FIG. 2, 13 is fitted into the engagement hole 12a of the shift drum 12 to restrain the rotation of the shift drum 12.

On the other hand, as the reverse shaft 6 rotates, the slide gear 8 is moved toward the reverse driven gear 7 by the cam mechanism 9 and meshes with the reverse driven gear 7, whereby the output shaft 1 moves toward the reverse driven gear 7. , The slide gear 8 and the idle gear 11 are connected to the motor 3. After that, by starting the motor 3 and transmitting the rotation to the output shaft 1, the output shaft 1, that is, the drive wheel connected to the output shaft 1, is rotated in the backward direction, and the vehicle is moved backward. Is done.

When the transmission is in a position other than neutral, the engaging hole 12a of the shift drum 12 and the operating member 13 are displaced from each other. The actuating member 13 that is turned in conjunction with the shift drum 12 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral portion of the shift drum 12 to restrain the turning, and as a result, the turning of the reverse shaft 6 is blocked.

Therefore, the slide gear 8 and the reverse driven gear 7 are held at the disengaged position, the power transmission between the motor 3 and the output shaft 1 is interrupted, and the backward operation of the vehicle is prevented.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention is intended to solve the following problems in the above-described conventional techniques.

That is, in the control mechanism 5 described above, it is assumed that the transmission is held in the neutral position and the shift drum 12 is not subjected to an operating force. When the shift drum 12 is
To the actuating member 13 as shown by the arrow (b) in FIG. 3 in order to disconnect the clutch mechanism 4 from the rotational force as shown by the arrow (a) in FIG. Then, the operating force causes the actuating member 13 to be disengaged from the shift drum 12, and at the same time as the disengagement, the rotational force applied to the shift drum 12 causes the shift drum 12 to rotate in the direction described above. It is a problem that it will be lost.

When such a phenomenon occurs, the shift drum 12
The rotation of the gears causes the gears of the first or second speed of the transmission to be brought into contact with each other so as to mesh with each other. Here, when the engine clutch is in the connected state, the gears do not mesh well and the gear squeal occurs, and if the gears mesh, the engine stops because the vehicle speed is zero. Such a situation occurs.

[Means for Solving the Problems] An object of the present invention is to provide a reversing device for a vehicle such as a motorcycle which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems, and in order to achieve this object, the present invention provides , Especially the engine,
It is mounted on a vehicle such as a motorcycle equipped with a forward transmission that changes the speed of rotation of this engine and transmits it to the output shaft.
A retraction device configured to rotate the output shaft in a backward direction, comprising a drive mechanism for rotationally driving the output shaft in the backward direction, and a connection between the drive mechanism and the output shaft provided between the drive mechanism and the output shaft. It comprises a clutch mechanism that performs the disengagement and a control mechanism that is provided between the clutch mechanism and the transmission to limit the operation of the clutch mechanism. The control mechanism is provided when the transmission is in a neutral state. Only, an operating member that is fitted to the shift drum that constitutes this transmission and allows the operation of the clutch mechanism is provided, and the operating member is such that the shift drum rotates when fitted to the shift drum. It is characterized in that an engaging portion is formed which engages with the shift drum and prevents the shift drum from being disengaged when being operated dynamically.

[Operation] A vehicle retraction device for a motorcycle or the like according to the present invention applies a turning force to the shift drum in the state where the operating member and the shift drum are fitted to each other and the retreat operation is possible, When the operating member is rotated in the direction of disengaging it from the shift drum to release the operation, the shift drum is engaged with the engaging portion formed on the operating member to rotate or shift the operating member. Removal from the drum is prevented. Therefore, the shift operation of the transmission and the release operation of the reverse device are prevented from being performed at the same time.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9.

In the following description, parts common to those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are designated by the same reference numerals to simplify the description.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 20 indicates a retreat device according to this embodiment. First, an outline of the retreat device 20 will be described.
It is mounted on a vehicle such as a motorcycle equipped with an engine (not shown) and a forward transmission 2 that transmits the rotation of the engine to the output shaft 1 to rotate the output shaft 1 in the backward direction. A retraction device (20) configured to rotate the output shaft (1) in a retreating direction, and a drive mechanism (21) provided between the drive mechanism (21) and the output shaft (1) to connect and disconnect the two. The clutch mechanism 22 to perform and this clutch mechanism
22 and a control mechanism 23 provided between the transmission 2 and limiting the operation of the clutch mechanism 22.
Is provided with an operating member 24 which is fitted to the shift drum 12 constituting the transmission 2 and allows the operation of the clutch mechanism 22 only when the transmission 2 is in the neutral state (neutral). The operating member 24 includes the shift drum.
When the shift drum 12 is rotated in the state of being fitted to the shift drum 12, an engaging portion 24a that engages with the shift drum 12 and prevents the shift drum 12 from being separated from the shift drum 12 is formed. .

Next, to explain these details, a driven gear 25 connected to the transmission 2 is attached to one end of the output shaft 1, and a reverse driven gear 26 for reversing is freely rotatable in an intermediate part. Further, in the vicinity of the reverse driven gear 26, a shifter 28 is attached via a spline 27, and the shifter 28 has a plurality of engaging projections 29 integrally formed on the surface facing the reverse driven gear 26. When the shifter 28 is slid on the output shaft 1 toward the reverse driven gear 26, the shifter 28 is fitted into the engaging recessed portion 30 formed in the reverse driven gear 26. Relative rotation between the reverse driven gear 26 and the output shaft 1 is restricted.

The drive mechanism 21 is provided with a motor 3 for starting the engine, a first planetary gear mechanism 32 meshed with an output shaft 31 of the motor 3, and coaxially with the first planetary gear mechanism 32. Also, a second planetary gear mechanism 33 that is rotationally driven by the first planetary gear mechanism 32, and the second planetary gear mechanism 33.
First sub gear 34 meshed with the output part of the second sub gear 35 meshed with the reverse driven gear 26.
And an integrated idle gear 36.

The first planetary gear mechanism 32 is an output shaft of the motor 3.
A sun gear 37 integrally formed with the sun gear 31, a plurality of pinion gears 38 meshed with the sun gear 37, the pinion gears 38 surrounding the pinion gears 38, and the pinion gears 38 meshed with each other to be fixed to a casing C constituting the engine. And a carrier 40 that rotatably supports the pinion gears 38 while restraining the relative positional relationship between the ring gears 39 and is rotatably mounted on the casing C.

The second planetary gear mechanism 33 includes a sun gear 41 formed on the carrier 40 coaxially with its rotation axis, and a plurality of pinion gears 42 meshed with the sun gear 41.
A ring gear 43 surrounding these pinion gears 42 and meshed with these pinion gears 42, rotatably supporting the ring gears 43 fixed to the casing C and the respective pinion gears 42 while restraining their relative positional relationship, and The carrier 44 is rotatably mounted on the casing C, and the carrier 44 serves as a second planetary gear mechanism 33.
The output of the idle gear
Pinion gear transmitted to the first sub-gear 34 constituting the 36
45 is integrally formed.

On the other hand, a carrier that constitutes the first planetary gear mechanism 32
40 is made to penetrate the center part of the carrier 44 which comprises the 2nd planetary gear mechanism 33, and through the pinion gear 46 provided at the end part, the one-way for starting provided in the crankshaft of an engine. It is connected to a clutch (both not shown).

The clutch mechanism 22 is rotatably supported by the casing C, and has a reverse shaft 47 on which the idle gear 36 is rotatably mounted, and the reverse shaft 47 is rotatable relative to the reverse shaft 47 in the longitudinal direction. A shift fork 48 slidably mounted on the reverse shaft 47 and a reverse shaft 47 provided between the shift fork 48 and the reverse shaft 47.
A cam mechanism 49 for sliding the shift fork 48 by the rotation of a reverse lever, a reverse lever (not shown) for rotating the reverse shaft 47, and a return spring 50 for constantly urging the reverse shaft 47 in the clutch disengagement direction. It is composed of and.

The shift hawk 48 is engaged with the shifter 28 while allowing the shifter 28 to rotate and restraining the relative movement of the output shaft 1 in the longitudinal direction. , A spiral cam groove 51 formed in the reverse shaft 47, and a cam follower 52 slidably fitted in the cam groove 51 and integrally attached to the shift hawk 48. The rotation of the shaft 47 causes the cam follower 2 to move into the cam groove.
By moving the reverse shaft 47 along the lengthwise direction of 51, the shift fork 48 and the shifter 28 are also moved together with the cam follower 52, so that the shifter 28 is disengaged from the reverse driven gear 26. It has become.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the control mechanism 23 includes an operating member 24 described above, and a connecting rod 53 for rotating the operating member 24 in synchronization with the rotation of the reverse shaft 47. It is composed by.

The operating member 24 includes a pair of relatively rotatable operating pieces 54,
55, and a set spring 56 that elastically holds the operating pieces 54, 55 in a predetermined positional relationship and integrally rotates the operating pieces 54, 55. The operating pieces 54, 55 are screwed to the casing C. It is rotatably attached to the casing C by the pivot shaft 57.

Then, in one of the two operating pieces 54, 55, one operating piece 54 is integrally formed with an engaging projection 58 that is fitted into an engaging hole 12a formed in the shift drum 12. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the engaging projection 58
A recess for engaging the wall portion of the shift drum 12 is formed in the engaging portion 24a, and the other operating piece 55 is formed.
One end of the connecting rod 53 is rotatably connected to.

Next, the retraction device 20 of the present embodiment configured as described above.
The operation will be described below.

First, when operating the vehicle in the normal forward direction, the reverse shaft 47 is rotated by the reverse lever to move the shift fork 48 by the cam mechanism 49 and the shift driven gear 48 for the shifter 28 in the reverse driven gear. Separated from 26.

At this time, as the reverse shaft 47 rotates, the operating member 24 connected through the connecting rod 53 is also rotated in the same manner, and as shown by the solid lines in FIGS. 5 and 6, The engagement with the shift drum 12 is released.

In this state, the connection between the motor 3 and the output shaft 1 is released, and the rotation of the shift drum 12 is allowed, so that the normal shift operation during forward movement is smoothly performed.

When moving the vehicle backward, shift drum 12
Is positioned at the neutral position, and its engaging hole 12a is opposed to the engaging protrusion 58 of the operating member 24, and then the reverse lever is operated to operate the reverse shaft 47 and the operating member.
Rotate 24 in the opposite direction to that described above.

At the time of this operation, since the engagement protrusion 58 of the actuating member 24 is opposed to the engagement hole 12a of the shift drum 12, it is possible to fit the engagement protrusion 58 into the engagement hole 12a, Therefore, the operating member 24 is rotated and the reverse shaft 47 connected to the operating member 24 is rotated.
The rotation of is also smoothly performed.

When the reverse shaft 47 is rotated as described above, the operation of the cam mechanism 49 causes the shift fork 48 to move.
The shifter 28 is slid on the output shaft 1 toward the reverse driven gear 26, and the engagement projection 29 thereof is fitted into the engagement recess 30 of the reverse driven gear 26, whereby the reverse driven gear 26 is It is fixed to the output shaft 1 via the shifter 28 and the output shaft 1 and the motor 3 are connected.

Such a connecting operation between the motor 3 and the output shaft 1 is performed by an engaging operation between the reverse driven gear 26 and the shifter 28, and the reverse driven gear 26 and the motor 3 are always kept in mesh with each other. The connection operation is extremely smooth.

As a result, when the motor 3 is driven, the rotation of the motor 3 is reduced by the first planetary gear mechanism 32, the second planetary gear mechanism 33, the idle gear 36, and the reverse driven gear 26, and the output shaft is rotated. 1 and the output shaft 1 is rotated in the backward direction to perform the backward operation.

Further, while the retreating operation as described above is being performed, the engaging projection 58 of the actuating member 24 is fitted into the engaging hole 12a of the shift drum 12 to restrain the rotation of the shift drum 12. Therefore, the shift operation for normal forward movement is blocked, and a reliable operation can be obtained.

On the other hand, from the state in which the reverse operation can be performed as shown in FIG.
When the reverse lever is operated and the clutch mechanism 22 is not disengaged while the turning force is applied in the direction indicated by the arrow (c) in the figure, the engagement of the actuating member 24 is performed as shown in the figure. The shift drum 12 is attached to the engaging portion 24a formed on the protrusion 58.
The engagement of the wall portions of the above prevents the actuating member 24 from being disengaged from the shift drum 12.

Further, when the reverse lever is further operated, the one operating piece 54 and the other operating piece 55 are relatively rotated against the elastic force of the set spring 56, as shown in FIG. As a result, the reverse shaft 47 is rotated while maintaining the rotation blocking effect of the shift drum 12 by the one operating piece 54.

As a result, the clutch mechanism 22 is operated and the engagement between the reverse driven gear 26 and the shifter 28 is released.

Therefore, the normal gear shift operation is reliably prevented while the motor 3 and the output shaft 1 are connected.

As a result, troubles such as the inadvertent stop of the engine and the rattling of the transmission 2 are eliminated.

Then, from the state shown in FIG. 9, the shift drum
When the operating force to 12 is released, one of the operating pieces 54 is disengaged from the shift drum 12 by the elastic force of the set spring 56 and is returned to the initial position with respect to the other operating piece 55.

It should be noted that the shapes, dimensions, etc. of the respective constituent members shown in the above-mentioned embodiment are merely examples, and can be variously changed based on the type of the vehicle to be applied, design requirements, etc.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the vehicle reversing device for a motorcycle or the like according to the present invention is provided with the engine and the forward transmission that shifts the rotation of the engine and transmits the rotation to the output shaft. A reversing device mounted on a vehicle such as a two-wheeled vehicle and configured to rotate the output shaft in the backward direction, the drive mechanism rotating and driving the output shaft in the backward direction, and the drive mechanism and the output shaft. A clutch mechanism is provided between the clutch mechanism and the transmission to connect and disconnect the two, and a control mechanism provided between the clutch mechanism and the transmission to limit the operation of the clutch mechanism. Only when the transmission is in the neutral state, there is provided an operating member that is fitted to the shift drum that constitutes the transmission to allow the operation of the clutch mechanism, and the operating member is fitted to the shift drum. When the shift drum is rotatably operated in the combined state, an engagement portion that engages with the shift drum and prevents separation from the shift drum is formed, It is possible to prevent the forward gear shift operation and the reverse gear shift operation from being performed at the same time, and to obtain a reliable and smooth operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

In the drawings, FIGS. 1 to 3 show an example of a conventional retracting device, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part, FIG. 2 and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view for explaining the operation of the control mechanism, FIGS. 4 to 9 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part, and FIG. A side view and FIGS. 6 to 9 are side views for explaining the operation of the control mechanism. 1 ... Output shaft, 2 ... Transmission, 3 ... Motor, 12 ... Shift drum 12a ... Engagement hole, 20 ... Retraction device, 21 ... Drive mechanism, 22 ... Clutch mechanism, 23 ... Control mechanism, 24 ... Operating member, 24a ... Engaging portion, 47 ... Reverse shaft, 48 ... Shift fork, 49 ... Cam mechanism, 51 ... Cam groove, 52 ... Cam follower, 53 ... Connecting rod , 54 …… operating piece, 55 …… operating piece, 56 …… set spring, 57 …… pivot shaft, 58 …… engaging projection.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vehicle, such as a motorcycle, equipped with an engine and a forward transmission that changes the speed of rotation of the engine and transmits the rotation of the engine to an output shaft, so as to rotate the output shaft in the backward direction. And a clutch mechanism provided between the driving mechanism and the output shaft for connecting and disconnecting the driving mechanism and the output shaft. A control mechanism provided between the mechanism and the transmission to limit the operation of the clutch mechanism. The control mechanism is a shift drum that constitutes the transmission only when the transmission is in a neutral state. And an operating member which is fitted to the shift drum and allows the operation of the clutch mechanism. When the shift drum is operated to rotate in a state of being fitted to the shift drum, Vehicle retraction device such as a motorcycle, wherein the engaging portion is formed to prevent withdrawal from Futodoramu engagement with the shift drum.