JP2526995B2 - Vehicle air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner, and more particularly to a ventilation mechanism for ventilating a vehicle interior.

[Prior Art] For example, in a bus vehicle, a cooling air blowing duct for blowing cold air into the passenger compartment during cooling operation and a heating air blowing duct for blowing warm air into the passenger compartment during heating operation are independent from each other. There is an air conditioner to prepare for.

When the air in the passenger compartment becomes dirty, the outside air is introduced into the passenger compartment from the outside air inlet through the cooling air duct (or the heating air duct), and the vehicle is exhausted from the exhaust port provided at the rear end of the vehicle. The interior of the vehicle was ventilated by discharging the dirty air inside the vehicle.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-described conventional vehicle air conditioner, the number of exhaust ports is as small as one or two, so that the cooling operation or the heating operation by introducing the outside air, or the ventilation in the vehicle interior. When performing, the air is not uniformly discharged near the exhaust port and at a position away from the exhaust port, and the concentration distribution is likely to occur. Therefore, in a poorly ventilated place, dirty air is likely to stagnant, which may cause passenger discomfort.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is an air conditioner for a vehicle in which a concentration distribution is unlikely to occur in a vehicle interior when a cooling operation or a heating operation is performed by introducing outside air or when a vehicle interior is ventilated. To provide.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is provided so that outside air can be introduced, and is provided with a plurality of cool air outlets that open toward the vehicle interior, A cooling air blowing duct for blowing cold air into the vehicle compartment from a cold air outlet, and a plurality of warm air outlets that are provided so that outside air can be introduced and open toward the vehicle interior, and the plurality of warm air outlets are provided during heating operation. A heating air-blowing duct for blowing warm air into the vehicle compartment from a hot-air outlet, and the cooling air-blowing duct and the heating air-blowing duct are communicated with the outside of the vehicle compartment, and the air in the vehicle compartment is blown for the cooling air. An exhaust port for discharging the air to the outside of the vehicle compartment through a duct or the heating air-blowing duct, and, when outside air is introduced through the cooling air-blowing duct, the heating air-blowing duct through the exhaust port. And the outside of the vehicle compartment are communicated with each other, the communication between the cooling air duct and the outside of the vehicle compartment is cut off, and when the outside air is introduced through the heating air duct, the cooling air duct through the exhaust port. It is a technical means to include a switching means for communicating between the heating ventilation duct and the outside of the vehicle compartment while communicating with the outside of the vehicle compartment.

[Operation] According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, in order to perform ventilation or cooling operation in the vehicle interior, when the outside air is introduced into the vehicle interior through the cooling air ventilation duct, the heating air ventilation duct and the vehicle are switched by the switching means. While communicating with the outside of the vehicle, the communication between the cooling air duct and the outside of the vehicle compartment is blocked. Therefore, the air in the vehicle compartment is sucked into the heating air duct from the plurality of warm air outlets of the heating air duct, passes through the heating air duct, and is discharged to the outside of the vehicle compartment from the exhaust port.

Further, when the outside air is introduced into the vehicle compartment through the heating air duct to perform the heating operation, the cooling air duct and the vehicle exterior are communicated by the switching means, and the heating air duct and the vehicle exterior are connected. Communication is cut off. Therefore, the air in the vehicle compartment is sucked into the cooling air duct from the plurality of cold air outlets of the cooling air duct, passes through the cooling air duct, and is discharged from the exhaust port to the outside of the vehicle compartment.

It should be noted that the introduction of outside air and the discharge of air inside the vehicle may be performed by providing a blower for introducing outside air and a blower for discharging the air inside the vehicle, but only the introduction of outside air is performed by the blower and the exhaust is performed naturally. , There is also a method of introducing the outside air naturally and exhausting it with a blower, or a method of introducing the outside air with a cooling blower or a heating blower.

[Advantages of the Invention] According to the present invention, when the outside air is introduced into the vehicle compartment through the cooling air-blowing duct or the heating air-blowing duct, the dirty air in the vehicle interior is converted into the heating air-blowing duct or the cooling air-blowing duct. Since the air is uniformly sucked into the air duct from the plurality of air outlets and discharged from the exhaust port to the outside of the vehicle compartment, uniform ventilation with a small concentration distribution can be performed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the dirty air from being stagnant in a part of the passenger compartment and making passengers uncomfortable.

[Embodiment] Next, a vehicle air conditioner of the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of an air conditioner applied to a bus vehicle 1, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a side sectional view and a front sectional view of the bus vehicle 1.

The air conditioner of the present embodiment includes a cooling air blower duct 2 provided on the left and right ceiling shoulders of the vehicle 1, and a heating air blower duct 3 provided at the corners of both side wall surfaces and the floor surface of the vehicle 1.
With.

The cooling air duct 2 and the heating air duct 3 are formed so as to extend in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 1, and the cooling air duct 2 is provided with a plurality of cold air outlets 2a opening toward the floor surface. The ventilation duct 3 for use has a plurality of hot air outlets 3a.
Is provided so as to open in the foot direction of the passenger.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling ventilation duct 2 is formed such that the front portion of the vehicle 1 is formed toward the center, and the opening end thereof is connected to a cooler unit 4 installed in the center of the ceiling in front of the vehicle. Has been done.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heating air duct 3 is formed such that the front portion of the vehicle 1 extends under the floor, and the opening end thereof is connected to the heater unit 5 installed in the center under the floor in front of the vehicle. ing.

The cooler unit 4 accommodates a refrigerant evaporator 7 of a refrigeration cycle (see FIG. 6) described later, and the heater unit 5
A hot water type heater core 8 which uses engine cooling water as a heat source is housed therein.

Further, the cooler unit 4 and the heater unit 5 are respectively formed with inside air inlets 9 and 10 for taking in and circulating air inside the vehicle compartment and outside air inlets 11 and 12 for taking in air outside the vehicle interior to switch between inside air and outside air. Dampers 13, 14
As a result, either the inside air inlets 9 and 10 or the outside air inlets 11 and 12 are closed.

Then, since air is introduced from the inside air introduction port 9 or the outside air introduction port 11 selectively opened by the inside / outside air switching damper 13 and supplied to the cooling air blowing duct 2, the cooling blower 15 is provided downstream of the refrigerant evaporator 7. Is provided.

Similarly, since the air is introduced from the inside air introduction port 10 or the outside air introduction port 12 selectively opened by the inside / outside air switching damper 14 and supplied to the heating air blowing duct 3, a heating blower 16 is provided downstream of the heater core 8. It is arranged.

On both sides of the rear end portion of the vehicle 1, there are provided ventilation ducts 17 that extend in the vertical direction of the vehicle and connect the cooling ventilation duct 2 and the heating ventilation duct 3 with each other. The ventilation duct 17 and the cooling ventilation duct 2 are connected to each other. An exhaust port 18 for exhausting the air in the vehicle compartment is opened on both side walls of the confluent portion. Therefore, the cooling ventilation duct 2 and the heating ventilation duct 3 communicate with the outside of the vehicle compartment through the exhaust port 18.

In addition, at the confluence of the ventilation duct 17 and the cooling ventilation duct 2, a switching damper for communicating either the cooling ventilation duct 2 or the heating ventilation duct 3 with the outside of the vehicle through the exhaust port 18. 19 is provided and switched according to the operation mode of the air conditioner described below.

When the cooling operation mode is selected, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is driven to a position that blocks the communication between the cooling air duct 2 and the exhaust port 18, and the heating operation mode is selected. In this case, as shown by the solid lines in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heating blower duct 3 is driven to a position where the communication between the ventilation duct 3 and the exhaust port 18 is cut off. When the vehicle interior is ventilated, the vehicle is driven to the position shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIGS. 1 and 2 as in the case where the cooling operation mode is selected.

The switching damper 19 is driven by energizing the damper driving motor (see FIG. 7) 19a, and the switching motor of the present invention is composed of the damper motor 19a and the switching damper 19.

As shown in FIG. 6, the refrigeration cycle 6 described above includes the refrigerant compressor 22 that is fastened to the running engine 21 of the bus vehicle 1 via the electromagnetic clutch 20, and the refrigerant compressor 22 rotates the engine 21. The output is transmitted to suck and compress the refrigerant.

The refrigeration cycle 6 receives, in addition to the refrigerant compressor 22 and the refrigerant evaporator 7 housed in the cooler unit 4 described above, the gaseous refrigerant compressed to a high temperature and high pressure in the refrigerant compressor 22 by the cooling fan 23. Refrigerant condenser 24 to condense and liquefy
And a receiver 25 that temporarily stores the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant condenser 24 and discharges the refrigerant in accordance with the cooling load, and a refrigerant evaporator 7 that adiabatically expands the refrigerant discharged from the receiver 25.
And an expansion valve 26 for supplying the same.

In the refrigerant evaporator 7, the low-temperature low-pressure mist-like refrigerant absorbs latent heat and evaporates to cool the surrounding air. The cooled air is blown into the vehicle compartment by the cooling blower 15 through the plurality of cold air outlets 2a of the cooling air duct 2 to cool the vehicle interior.

Hot water type heater core 8 housed in the heater unit 5
As shown in FIG. 6, the engine 21 is connected by the hot water pipe 27.
Of the heater core 8 by opening a solenoid valve 28 connected to the water jacket of the heater and provided upstream of the heater core 8.
The engine cooling water is supplied.

In the heater core 8, the ambient air is warmed by the supplied engine cooling water, and the warmed air is blown into the vehicle interior by the heating blower 16 from the plurality of warm air outlets 3a of the heating air duct 3 to the vehicle interior. To heat up.

Here, FIG. 7 shows an example of an electric circuit for controlling the operation of this embodiment.

The air conditioner of this embodiment includes an operation mode changeover switch 29 for switching between a cooling operation mode and a heating operation mode, and a ventilation switch 30 for performing ventilation in the vehicle interior.

After turning on the air-conditioning main switch 31, the operation mode selector switch 29 is switched to the cooling operation mode, so that the cooling output of the engine 21 is transmitted to the cooling compressor 22 via the electromagnetic clutch 20 and the cooling air duct 2. Blower 15 for cold air for supplying cold air to the passenger compartment, and switching damper
A damper driving motor 19a for driving 19 is energized.

The damper drive motor 19a switches the damper 1
As shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIGS. 1 and 2, 9 is driven to a position where the communication between the cooling air duct 2 and the exhaust port 18 is cut off, and the switching damper 19 is switched to the position shown in FIGS. As shown by the solid line in the drawing, the heating blower duct 3 is driven to a position where the communication between the ventilation duct 3 and the exhaust port 18 is cut off.

After the air-conditioning main switch 31 is turned on, the operation mode selector switch 29 is switched to the heating operation mode to supply warm air into the vehicle compartment through the electromagnetic valve 28 provided in the hot water pipe 27 and the heating air duct 3. Heating blower for
16 is energized. The solenoid valve 28 is opened by energization to supply engine cooling water to the heater core 8.

By opening the air conditioning main switch 31 and turning on the ventilation switch 30, the cooling blower 15 and the damper driving motor 19a are energized. Therefore, in this case, the switching damper 19
Is driven to the position shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIGS. 1 and 2 as in the case where the cooling operation mode is selected.

Next, the operation of the air conditioner of this embodiment will be described according to each operation mode.

(A) When performing cooling operation by introducing outside air (or inside air).

After the main switch 31 for air conditioning is turned on, the operation mode selector switch 29 is switched to the cooling operation mode.

By setting the cooling operation mode, the damper driving motor 19a is energized, and the switching damper 19 is driven to a position where the communication between the cooling air blowing duct 2 and the exhaust port 18 is cut off.

Also, the energization of the electromagnetic clutch 20 drives the refrigerant compressor 22 and the refrigeration cycle 6 operates.

Due to the operation of the refrigeration cycle 6, low-temperature low-pressure mist-like refrigerant is supplied to the refrigerant evaporator 7 housed in the cooler unit 4, and the mist-like refrigerant absorbs latent heat from the surrounding air to cool the surrounding air. It The cooled air is blown into the vehicle compartment by the cooling blower 15 through the plurality of cold air outlets 2a of the cooling air duct 2 to cool the vehicle interior.

The refrigerant that has absorbed latent heat in the refrigerant condenser 24 and evaporated is sucked into the refrigerant compressor 22 and circulates in the refrigeration cycle 6 again.

The switching damper 19 is driven, and the vehicle interior and the exhaust port 18 are communicated with each other via the heating air duct 3 and the ventilation duct 17, so that the air in the vehicle interior is heated by the plurality of warm air outlets 3a of the heating air duct 3. Inhaled into the ventilation duct 3 for cage heating,
It is exhausted to the outside of the vehicle compartment through the ventilation duct 17 and the exhaust port 18.

The air flow in the case of the cooling operation by the introduction of the outside air (or the introduction of the inside / outside air) is shown by a solid arrow in FIG.

(B) When performing heating operation by introducing outside air (or introducing outside air).

After the main switch 31 for air conditioning is turned on, the operation mode selector switch 29 is switched to the heating operation mode.

When the heating operation mode is set, the damper driving motor 19a is de-energized, and the switching damper 19 is driven to a position where the communication between the heating air duct 3 and the exhaust port 18 is cut off.

When the solenoid valve 28 is energized, the engine cooling water is supplied to the heater core 8 housed in the heater unit 5. Ambient air is warmed by the supplied engine cooling water, and the warmed air is blown out by the heating blower 16 from the plurality of warm air outlets 3a of the heating blower duct 3 into the vehicle interior to cool the vehicle interior.

Further, the switching damper 19 is driven, and the cooling air duct 2
By connecting the vehicle interior and the exhaust port 18 via
The air in the passenger compartment is a plurality of cool air outlets of the cooling air duct 2.
The air is sucked into the cooling air-blowing duct 2 from 2a, and is discharged from the vehicle compartment through the exhaust port 18. The flow of air in the heating operation by the introduction of outside air (or the introduction of inside / outside air) is shown by a solid arrow in FIG.

(C) When ventilating the passenger compartment.

The main switch 31 for air conditioning is opened and the ventilation switch 30 is turned on.

In this case, when the damper driving motor 19a is energized, the switching damper 19 is driven to a position where the communication between the cooling air blowing duct 2 and the exhaust port 18 is cut off, as in the case where the cooling operation mode is set. .

The outside air is introduced from the outside air introduction port 11 of the cooling blower duct 2 by the operation of the cooling blower 15, and is blown into the vehicle compartment through the plurality of cool air blowout ports 2a.

As in the case of the cooling operation, the air in the vehicle compartment is supplied from the plurality of warm air outlets 3a of the heating air duct 3 to the heating air duct 3
The air is sucked in and is discharged to the outside of the vehicle compartment through the ventilation duct 17 and the exhaust port 18.

Therefore, the air flow when ventilating the passenger compartment is
As in the case of the cooling operation, the flow flows as indicated by the solid arrow in FIG.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the heating blower duct 3 is used as an exhaust duct when cooling or ventilating the vehicle interior, and the cooling blower duct 2 is exhausted when heating the vehicle interior. I tried to use it as a duct. Therefore, the dirty air in the passenger compartment can be discharged from the plurality of outlets 2a, 3a of the blower ducts 2, 3 used as exhaust ducts, and the passenger compartment can be maintained in a uniform state with a small concentration distribution. it can.

As a result, unlike the conventional case, the dirty air does not stagnate a part of the passenger compartment and the passengers do not feel uncomfortable.

 FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the ventilation duct as shown in the first embodiment
Exhaust ports 18a and 18b are provided at the rear ends of the cooling air duct 2 and the heating air duct 3 respectively without providing 17, and an opening / closing damper 3 that opens and closes the exhaust ports 18a and 18b.
It is provided with 2, 33.

Therefore, during cooling operation or ventilation, the exhaust port 18a provided in the cooling air duct 2 is closed by the opening / closing damper 32, and during heating operation, the opening port 18b provided in the heating air duct 3 is closed by the opening / closing damper 33. The same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

(Modification) In the above-described embodiment, the outside air is introduced by the cooling blower 15 or the heating blower 16. However, the cooling blower 15 is installed in the outside air introduction ports 11 and 12 of the cooling blower duct 2 and the heating blower duct 3. Alternatively, a blower for introducing outside air may be provided separately from the heating blower 16.

In addition, an exhaust blower may be provided when exhausting the air in the vehicle compartment from the exhaust port 18.

The case where the air conditioner of the present embodiment is applied to a bus vehicle has been illustrated, but the air conditioner may be applied to other than a bus vehicle, and may be applied to a railway vehicle, for example.

In the case of ventilating the vehicle interior, the case where the outside air is introduced through the cooling air blowing duct 2 has been illustrated, but it may be introduced through the heating air blowing duct 3.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is an overall schematic view of a vehicle air conditioner applied to a bus vehicle, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the bus vehicle, FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the bus vehicle, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are during cooling operation. And Fig. 6 is an explanatory view showing the flow of air during heating operation, Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a refrigeration cycle and a hot water circuit, Fig. 7 is an electric circuit diagram for operating the air conditioner, and Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the present invention. It is a side sectional view of a bus vehicle showing a second embodiment. In the figure, 2 ... Cooling air duct, 2a ... Cold air outlet, 3 ... Heating air duct, 3a ... Warm air outlet, 18 ... Exhaust port, 19 ... Switching damper (switching means) 19a ... Damper drive Motor (switching means)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. (a) A plurality of cool air outlets that are provided so that outside air can be introduced and that open toward the passenger compartment, and that cool air is blown into the passenger compartment from the plurality of cool air outlets during cooling operation. (B) A plurality of warm air outlets that are provided so that outside air can be introduced and that open toward the vehicle interior, and that are used to heat the interior of the vehicle from the plurality of hot air outlets during heating operation. A heating air-blowing duct for blowing out air; and (c) the cooling air-blowing duct and the heating air-blowing duct communicate with the outside of the vehicle interior, and the air in the vehicle interior is the cooling air-blowing duct or the heating air-blowing. An exhaust port for discharging the air to the outside of the vehicle compartment through a duct, and (d) when the outside air is introduced through the cooling air ventilation duct, the heating air ventilation duct communicates with the outside of the vehicle vehicle through the exhaust port. Let Along with cutting off the communication between the cooling air-blowing duct and the outside of the vehicle compartment, when the outside air is introduced through the heating air-blowing duct, the cooling air-blowing duct and the vehicle outside are communicated with each other through the exhaust port. An air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: a switching unit that shuts off the communication between the heating air duct and the outside of the vehicle compartment.