JP2526394B2 - Wood joint structure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joining technique by adhesion of wood, and a joining technique by an adhesion method that is particularly effective in joining long objects in a longitudinal direction or in multiple directions, or in a perpendicular direction. It is about.

[0002]

[Prior art and its problems] Wood is most suitable for architecture, furniture, etc. because of its many advantages such as its gentle texture, ease of processing, availability, and recycling as a resource. It has been widely used as a natural material since ancient times. When trying to use wood as described above, the problem has always been from ancient times to today, how to treat the joints between members, in other words, the stress acting on the joints. Is a processing problem that can withstand.

Taking architecture as an example, in conventional Japanese architecture,
In joints called joints and joints, concave portions and convex portions are cut out at portions facing each other at the time of joining, and these portions are fitted together. However, such a processing requires a skilled technique and time and labor, but it is not possible to obtain a very strong joint strength because the notch portion of the wood becomes large. For example, the joint strength of ant splicing is 5-10% of that of wood without notches,
In addition, it is 10 ~ 20% for Kamatsugi, and 30 ~ for Kasetsugi
The reality is that it will drop to 40%.

On the other hand, in the case of Western-style building, metal parts such as bolts are used in the joint portion, and the strength is superior to the above-mentioned Japanese-type joint. However, in this case as well, a decrease in strength due to the holes of the bolts and pins is unavoidable, and not only the strength decreases to about 50% of the non-joint portion, but also a large amount of deformation due to displacement of the joint portion due to the bolts, pins, etc. It is easy to occur. In order to prevent such inconvenience, a large number of large-sized metal pieces are required, which causes a problem that this is essentially impaired in a building where not only an increase in cost but also the pursuit of aesthetics is important. . For this reason,
Traditionally, wood has been used in relatively small buildings.
However, in recent years, a wide variety of large wooden constructions have been planned and implemented in various places, focusing on the above-mentioned qualities of wood, and while its beauty, richness of texture, etc. are re-evaluated, Insufficient structural safety and workability have been pointed out. Most of the deficiencies are due to the above-mentioned conventional problems in the joint portion.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a joint structure of one timber and the other timber is formed at a plurality of end portions of both timbers so as to form the same plane from one timber to the other timber. By comprising a slit, a connecting plate made of a reinforced plastic material inserted into these slits to connect the both woods, and an adhesive filling the slit and fixing the connecting plate and the inner surface of the slit, , Or alternatively, when joining one timber and the other timber,
At the end of the wood to be joined, a plurality of slits are respectively formed so that when the both ends are butted, both corresponding slits form the same plane, and the wood ends on which the slits are formed are desired to each other. Fix in the joined state with temporary fixing means, apply an adhesive to the inner surface of the slit, and in the gap formed in the same plane with the slit of one wood end and the corresponding slit of the other wood end , A connecting plate made of a reinforced plastic material coated with an adhesive on the surface is inserted so as to straddle both the slits, and the adhesive is hardened to join and fix the wood end portions together, for example, in a large wooden construction, simple The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems by providing a joining technique for wooden members having excellent strength, aesthetics and workability. In the above, glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin is used for the reinforced plastic material, epoxy adhesive is used for the adhesive, and transparent adhesive tape is used as the temporary fixing means.

[0006]

In the present invention, the timber is made by inserting the reinforced plastic plate into a plurality of slit portions formed in each and facing each other and fixing the reinforced plastic plate with an adhesive, that is, at the joint portion. Since the reinforced plastic plate is filled in the slit together with the adhesive, it is possible to obtain a material that far surpasses the strength and rigidity inherent in wood. However, it is far superior to Western-style joining, it realizes the strength close to that of wood itself, and it is possible to join without the displacement deformation of the joining part. In addition, in Japanese joints and joint structures, wood is cut out, so it is limited to two-way joints that are straight or right-angled. Even with Western-style joints, special hardware is required to join in three or more directions. ,
According to the present invention, by simply cutting the wood end portion at a predetermined inclination angle, it is possible to join at a free angle,
Also, by changing the shape of the connecting plate, joining in three or more directions can be easily performed. Further, since the connecting plate is embedded inside the wood, a design and structure excellent in aesthetic appearance can be obtained, and since the wood is rigidly joined in a small area, the structural calculation is extremely simple.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 are views showing an embodiment of a structure and a joining method in a two-way serial joint. First,
A circular saw S is formed in a direction perpendicular to the end faces of the woods 1 and 2 to be joined
The slits S1 and S2 are formed by M (see FIG. 1). The wood used here is a cedar laminated wood (5 layers, 100 × 75) obtained by the technique disclosed by the inventors of the present application in Japanese Patent Application No. 134286 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-205).
The size and shape of each slit is about 2.6 mm (thickness) x 25 mm width x 75 mm length (wood thickness), 2.6 mm (thickness) x width 50 mm x 75 mm (wood thickness) for S1 and S2, 2.6 mm (thickness) x width 75 mm x 75 mm
(Thickness of wood) (See Table 1 below) Although the slits were formed in five rows at intervals of 20 mm, the number of rows of the slits is appropriately determined according to the shape, size, etc. of the wood.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, two pieces of wood (laminated wood) 1 and 2 are abutted in the longitudinal direction, and the slits S1 (5 rows) and S2 (5 rows) are opposed to each other and continuous with each other on the same surface. Then, the transparent adhesive tape T (temporary fixing means) is fixed to both side surfaces and the lower surface of the lumbers 1 and 2 excluding the upper surface of the abutting portion (joint portion) to fix the lumbers 1 and 2 in the joined state. In this state, as shown in FIG. 3, an epoxy resin adhesive (which may be acrylic or polyurethane type) is applied into the slits S0 of the five rows formed by the slits 1 and 2 of the five rows, respectively, and The connecting plate CP coated with the adhesive on both sides is inserted into the slit portion S0, and is fixed by the transparent adhesive tape T as shown in FIG. 4 and allowed to stand until the adhesive is cured.

By using the adhesive tape T (temporary fixing means), the leakage of the adhesive can be prevented, and by using the transparent material, the adhered state can be observed. here,
The connecting plate CP is formed of a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin having a thickness of 2 mm, and its size and shape are suitable for the slit portion S0. Before applying the adhesive to the connecting plate CP, the surface is cleaned with methyl ethyl ketone or the like, and if the connecting plate CP is inserted into the slit portion S0 and the adhesive becomes insufficient, further injection is performed. Keep it.
In this embodiment, the connecting plate CP is made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin material, but carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin material can be used and polyester can be used as resin material.

As shown in FIG. 5, a span of 110 m was obtained for the test piece which had been adhesively bonded in the longitudinal direction in the above-mentioned process for one week.
A joint was placed in the center of m, and a bending test was carried out by a two-point load method sandwiching this portion. The joint strength was as shown in Table 1 below when the slit length was 75 mm. , Its bending strength is 342 kg / cm ^{2 to} 375 kg /
cm ² and bending strength of laminated cedar (1st grade) 345k
A value equal to or higher than g / cm ² was shown. Also,
Regarding the damage, the wood was broken, the adhesive was peeled off, and the connecting plate (reinforced plastic material) was cut at almost the same time. From the above results, it has been proved that if the reinforced plastic material connecting plate having an appropriate size is interposed between the slits and the wood is adhesively bonded in the longitudinal direction by the above process, the wood can be integrated without lowering the strength.

[0011]

[Table 1]

Next, one embodiment of the joint structure in the perpendicular direction will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. Slits S1 and S2 having a thickness of 2.6 mm are cut in a direction perpendicular to the end faces of the cedar laminated wood (5 layers, 100 mm × 75 mm) 1 and 2 similar to the above. Each slit has a length of 75 mm, a width of 75 mm, which is the same as that of the laminated members 1 and 2, a spacing of 20 mm, and the number of rows is 5. The laminated members 1 and 2 having the slits S1 and S2 formed as described above are attached to the body in a right angle direction as shown in FIG. 6, and the slits S0 are formed by combining the five rows of the slits S1 and S2 on the end face. In this state, the transparent adhesive tape T is also adhered and fixed to both side surfaces and the lower side surface of the joint portion also for the purpose of preventing leakage of the adhesive.

Next, 75 mm × 150 mm with a thickness of 2 mm
After cleaning both surfaces of the connecting plate (glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin) CP having the dimensions of 3 with methyl ethyl ketone or the like and applying an epoxy adhesive, this is inserted into the slit portions S0 of 5 rows (FIG. 7). At this time, the adhesive is also applied to the inner surface of the slit portion. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the joint portion is wound and fixed with the adhesive tape T, and left still until the adhesive is cured. After one week, the test piece bonded and bonded in the right-angled direction in the above-mentioned step was placed at the center of the bonded-bonded portion as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in Table 2 below, the joint strength showed a value equivalent to the bending strength of the cedar laminated wood. Regarding the damage, the wood was broken and the adhesive was peeled off almost at the same time. From the above results, it is possible to integrate the reinforced plastic connecting plates of appropriate size between the slits by interposing the wood between them in the right angle direction by the above process without lowering the strength. There was found.

[0014]

[Table 2]

Incidentally, it is considered that the joint strength is further improved by increasing the dimensions of the connecting plate and the slit in both of the above-mentioned embodiments. 10 and 11 are views showing another embodiment in the case of joining the woods 1 and 2 in the vertical direction, FIG. 10 is a perspective view before joining, and FIG. 11 is a front view after joining. Here, the end faces of the woods 1 and 2 are the same as those in the above-described embodiment except that they are formed as slopes of 45 degrees. 12, 13
FIG. 12 is a view showing an embodiment of a three-way right angle joint structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 12 shows a state in which slits S1, S2, S3 are formed on each end face of the laminated members 1, 2, 3, respectively. FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a state where the end faces of these laminated members 1, 2, 3 are butted to form a slit portion S0, and the connecting plate CP as described above is inserted therein to join the three laminated members. Is. The details of the process are the same as those described above, and will be omitted. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing one embodiment of a four-direction right angle joint structure according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, four laminated members 1, 2,
The abutting end faces of 3 and 4 are fitted to each other, the opposing laminated members are straight, and the adjacent laminated members are formed in an isosceles triangular shape so as to be orthogonal to each other. (Fig. 14
(A)) Slits S0 are formed by slits formed at each end, and a connecting plate having a shape as shown in FIG. 14 (b) is inserted and fixed therein to form four laminated members as shown in FIG. 14 (a). )
Bonded as shown in. The details of the process are the same as those described above, and will be omitted. FIG. 15 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the four-direction right angle joint structure according to the present invention. In this example, the end faces of each laminated member 1, 2, 3, 4 are formed at right angles.
Others are the same as above.

16 to 18 show a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a direction-orthogonal joint structure, and FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing the engagement relationship at the joints of the end portions of each laminated member 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; 16A is a front view showing the joined state of the laminated members 1, 2, and 3 as viewed from the arrow A direction in FIG. 16, and FIG. 16B is a plan view showing a connecting plate used for this. As shown in the figure, the end faces of the laminated members 1 and 2 are notched, and a mating groove 7 is formed by abutting them. The end faces of the laminated material 3 are formed at right angles, and slits are cut in each of these end faces, and the slits S0 are formed by these slits, and here the connecting plate CP having the shape shown in (b) is formed. Inserted and fixed.

Further, FIG. 18 (a) is similar to FIG.
The front view which shows the joined state of the laminated members 4, 5, and 6 seen from the arrow B direction, and the same (b) is a top view which shows the connecting plate used for this. As shown in the drawing, the end faces of the laminated members 4 and 5 are notched, and the abutment grooves 7a are formed so as to fit in the abutment groove 7 by abutting them. Then, the slits are formed on the respective end faces and the connecting plate CP is inserted in the same manner as described above. FIG. 19 is a view showing another embodiment of the 6-direction right angle joint structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 19 (a) shows the end portions of the laminated members 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The perspective view which shows the engagement relation in a joining part, (b) is a perspective view which shows the connecting plate CP used for this. In this example, the end faces of each laminate are right angled,
Each slit is formed here and abutted as shown in FIG. A connecting plate having a shape shown in (b) is inserted between the slits to fix the laminated members. The details are the same as described above, and will be omitted.

[0019]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, since the timbers can be adhesively joined to each other without lowering the strength and the rigidity due to the above-mentioned constitution and operation, the structural reliability of a large wooden construction can be enhanced, and the structural calculation thereof can be extremely performed. It can be made clear. That is, in the joint portion, the slit portion is filled with the reinforced plastic plate together with the adhesive, so that it is possible to obtain a material that far exceeds the strength and rigidity that wood originally has.
Further, by appropriately selecting the dimension and shape of the joint end face and the connecting plate, it is possible to perform joint at any angle and multi-directional joint, so that there is an effect that the degree of freedom in design and structure of wooden construction and the like is increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing slit formation in one example relating to a structure and a joining method in a two-way straight joint.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which two members are temporarily fixed with their slit portions facing each other in the above.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a step of inserting the connecting plate into the slit portion of the joining portion in the above.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a step of winding a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape for fixing and preventing leakage of an adhesive after inserting the connecting plate into the slit portion in the above.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a load test of wood joined in the straight direction.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a temporarily fixed state in joining wood in two directions at right angles.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a step of inserting the connecting plate into the slit portion in the above.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a step of winding an adhesive tape for fixing and preventing leakage of an adhesive after inserting the connecting plate in the above.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a load test of wood joined in two directions at right angles.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a shape of a wood end portion and a cut state of a slit in another embodiment relating to joining wood in two directions at right angles.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a joint portion in the above.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a cut state of each wood end portion and slits in an embodiment relating to joining wood pieces in three directions at right angles.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing a joint portion in the above.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a joined state of respective wood end portions and a shape of a connecting plate in an embodiment relating to joining wood pieces in four directions at right angles.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the correlation between the joining state of the timber ends and the connecting plate in another embodiment relating to joining timber in four directions at right angles.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a joined state of the ends of the timbers in an embodiment relating to joining timbers in six directions at right angles.

FIG. 17 is the same as above, showing the timber 1 viewed from the direction of arrow A;
It is a front view which shows the joined state of 2 and 3, and the shape of a connection board.

FIG. 18 is a front view showing the joined state of the wood pieces 4, 5, and 6 and the shape of the connecting plate as viewed in the direction of arrow B in FIG.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a joined state of each wood end portion and the shape of a connecting plate in another embodiment relating to joining wood pieces in six directions at right angles.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Wood S1, S2 Slit S0 Slit part SM Circular saw T Adhesive tape CP Connecting plate

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-55-55808 (JP, A) JP-A-58-183204 (JP, A) JP-A-59-1206 (JP, A) JP-A-60- 52307 (JP, A) Actually open 63-178104 (JP, U) Actually open 1-159020 (JP, U)

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A structure in which two pieces of wood are joined in a right-angle direction, and the two wood pieces forming a right angle are formed so that one wood piece and the other wood piece are flush with each other. A wood joining structure comprising a plurality of slits and an adhesive that is inserted into these slits to fix the connecting plate and the inner surface of the slit. 2. A structure in which three pieces of wood are joined in a direction at right angles to each other, and at the respective end portions of each of the three pieces of wood that are perpendicular to each other, one wood and the other two woods have the same surface. A plurality of slits formed so as to form, a connecting plate made of a reinforced plastic material that is inserted into these slits and connects the woods, and an adhesive that fills the slits and fixes the connecting plate and the inner surface of the slit A timber joint structure consisting of and. 3. A structure in which four pieces of wood are joined in four directions at right angles to each other at a joining point, and one piece of wood to another three pieces of wood at each end of each piece of wood that forms a right angle. A plurality of slits formed so as to form the same surface, a connecting plate made of a reinforced plastic material that is inserted into these slits and connects the woods, and the slits are filled with the connecting plate and the inner surface of the slit. A timber joint structure consisting of an adhesive that adheres. 4. A structure in which four pieces of wood are joined in four directions at right angles to each other at a joining point, and at the time of joining, the right-angled cusps are formed at the ends of each wood so as to face the four directions at right angles. A plurality of slits formed so as to form the same plane from one piece of wood to the other three pieces of wood at each end portion including the shape part and the pointed shape part of the wood, and each of the slits being inserted into these slits. A connecting plate made of a reinforced plastic material for connecting wood, and an adhesive that is filled in the slit to fix the connecting plate and the inner surface of the slit, and the connecting plate is formed by the four pieces of wood slits. A timber joint structure characterized by a cross shape. 5. A structure in which six pieces of wood are joined in six directions at right angles to each other at a joining point, and at each end of each wood forming a right angle, one piece of wood to the other three pieces of wood are joined. A plurality of slits formed so as to form the same surface, a connecting plate made of a reinforced plastic material that is inserted into these slits and connects the woods, and the slits are filled with the connecting plate and the inner surface of the slit. A timber joint structure consisting of an adhesive that adheres. 6. The wood joining structure according to claim 1, wherein the reinforced plastic material is an epoxy resin reinforced with glass fiber. 7. The reinforced plastic material is an epoxy resin reinforced with carbon fibers.
6. The joined structure of wood according to any one of 5 to 6. 8. The adhesive is epoxy resin, polyester,
It is acrylic, The joining structure of the wood in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5 characterized by the above-mentioned.