JP2525401B2 - Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JP2525401B2 JP2525401B2 JP62074590A JP7459087A JP2525401B2 JP 2525401 B2 JP2525401 B2 JP 2525401B2 JP 62074590 A JP62074590 A JP 62074590A JP 7459087 A JP7459087 A JP 7459087A JP 2525401 B2 JP2525401 B2 JP 2525401B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- valve needle
- closing spring
- fuel injection
- injection nozzle
- intermediate plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M45/083—Having two or more closing springs acting on injection-valve
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、内燃機関用の燃料噴射ノズルであつて、弁
ニードルを移動可能に支承するノズル体が設けられてい
て、このノズル体が中間板を介してノズルホルダに締付
け固定されていて、このノズルホルダ内に軸方向で相前
後して配置された２つの閉鎖ばねを収容する室が形成さ
れていて、これら閉鎖ばねの第１の閉鎖ばねが中央の押
圧ピンを介して常時弁ニードルに作用しているのに対し
て、第２の閉鎖ばねが押圧部材に作用していて、この押
圧部材が弁ニードルの閉鎖位置で中間板に形成された第
１の肩に支持されていてかつ前記押圧部材に弁ニードル
もしくは弁ニードルと共に移動する部分が前行程を進ん
だ後で当接するようになつており、更に、前記中間板に
第２の肩が設けられていて、この肩が遅くとも前行程を
進んだ後で弁ニードルと共に移動させられる対応肩と協
働して弁ニードルの全行程を制限している形式のものに
関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine, which is provided with a nozzle body that movably supports a valve needle, the nozzle body including an intermediate plate. A chamber is formed which is fastened to the nozzle holder by means of it and which accommodates two closing springs arranged axially behind one another in the nozzle holder, the first closing spring of these closing springs being The second closing spring acts on the pressing member, which always acts on the valve needle via the central pressing pin, and this pressing member is formed on the intermediate plate at the closing position of the valve needle. A valve needle or a portion that moves together with the valve needle is supported by the first shoulder and comes into contact with the pressing member after advancing the front stroke, and further, a second shoulder is attached to the intermediate plate. This is provided There about of the type that limit the full travel of the valve needle and cooperates with a corresponding shoulder is moved together with the valve needle in after traveling the previous stroke at the latest.
従来の技術 前噴射および主噴射用に構成されている前記形式の公
知の噴射ノズルのばあい、第１の閉鎖ばねのばね力を常
時弁ニードルに伝達する、第２の閉鎖ばねを貫通する押
圧ピンが弁ニードルに面した端部にヘツドを備えてい
る。このヘツドは偏平な環状肩を有し、この環状肩は、
弁ニードルが所定の前行程を進んだばあいに、第２の閉
鎖ばねの押圧部材の下側の端面に当接する。In the case of known injection nozzles of the type mentioned above, which are designed for pre-injection and main injection, a pressure through the second closing spring which constantly transfers the spring force of the first closing spring to the valve needle. The pin has a head at the end facing the valve needle. This head has a flat annular shoulder, which is
When the valve needle travels a predetermined forward stroke, it abuts the lower end face of the pressing member of the second closing spring.
本発明の構成により、第１の閉鎖ばねのばね力を常時
弁ニードルに伝達する、第２の閉鎖ばねを貫通する押圧
ピンが少なくとも弁ニードルに面した端部でヘツド状の
肉厚部を持たない滑らかな円筒状の部分として構成され
ていることによつて極めて簡単な構造が得られる。この
ばあい有利には押圧ピンは中間板内に突入する弁ニード
ルのジヤーナルに直接作用するか又は中間板内で移動可
能に支承された中間部材を介して弁ニードルの偏平な端
面に作用することができる。弁ニードルの前行程後第２
の閉鎖ばねの押圧部材をケーシングに固定されたストツ
パから持上げる肩は押圧ピンとは別個に構成された部
材、有利には弁ニードルのジヤーナル又は中間板内で移
動可能に支承された中間部材に形成することができる。
第１の閉鎖ばねの押圧ピンの、弁ニードルに面した滑ら
かに形成された端部は、押圧部材自体が所要の運動遊び
を以つて第２の閉鎖ばねを収容するノズルホルダの室の
内壁に沿つて案内されるばあいには、簡単に第２の閉鎖
ばねの押圧部材内で案内することができる。According to the configuration of the present invention, the pressing pin that transmits the spring force of the first closing spring to the valve needle at all times and that penetrates the second closing spring has a head-shaped thick portion at least at the end facing the valve needle. A very simple structure is obtained by being designed as a smooth, smooth cylindrical part. In this case, the push pin preferably acts directly on the journal of the valve needle projecting into the intermediate plate or on the flat end face of the valve needle via an intermediate member movably mounted in the intermediate plate. You can Second after front stroke of valve needle
The shoulder for lifting the pressing member of the closing spring from a stopper fixed to the casing is formed on a member which is constructed separately from the pressing pin, preferably on the journal of the valve needle or on an intermediate member which is movably mounted in the intermediate plate. can do.
The smoothly formed end of the pressure pin of the first closing spring facing the valve needle is attached to the inner wall of the chamber of the nozzle holder in which the pressure member itself accommodates the second closing spring with the required movement play. If it is guided along, it can simply be guided in the pressure member of the second closing spring.
実施例 第１図および第２図による噴射ノズルは、中間板12と
共に止めナツト14によつてノズルホルダ16に締付け固定
されているノズル体10を有している。ノズル体10内には
弁ニードル18が移動可能に支承されていて、この弁ニー
ドルは多数の噴射開口20を有するノズル体10内の内向き
の弁座と協働している。弁ニードル18の案内孔は通常の
ように所定の個所で圧力室に向けて拡大されていて、こ
の圧力室範囲では弁ニードル18は押圧肩を有しかつ圧力
室は燃料搬送導管に接続するために通路22を介してノズ
ルホルダ16の管片24と接続されている。弁ニードルの押
圧肩に作用する燃料は以下に記載する閉鎖ばね装置の段
階的な力経過に抗して弁ニードル18を上向きに移動さ
せ、このばあい燃料は前噴射段階でおよび主噴射段階で
ノズル開口20を介して噴射される。The embodiment of the injection nozzle according to FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a nozzle body 10 which is fastened together with an intermediate plate 12 to a nozzle holder 16 by means of a stop nut 14. A valve needle 18 is movably mounted in the nozzle body 10 and cooperates with an inwardly directed valve seat in the nozzle body 10 having a number of injection openings 20. The guide hole of the valve needle 18 is normally enlarged at a predetermined location towards the pressure chamber, in which region the valve needle 18 has a pressure shoulder and the pressure chamber connects to the fuel delivery conduit. Is connected to a tube piece 24 of the nozzle holder 16 via a passage 22. The fuel acting on the pressure shoulder of the valve needle causes the valve needle 18 to move upwards against the stepwise force course of the closing spring device described below, in which case the fuel is fed in the preinjection phase and in the main injection phase. It is ejected through the nozzle opening 20.
ノズルホルダ16内には第１の閉鎖ばね28を収容するた
めの第１の室26が形成されていて、この閉鎖ばねは円板
30を介して室26の底部に支持されていてかつ押圧片32お
よび押圧ピン34を介して常時弁ニードル18に作用してい
る。室26はケーシング肩36において第２の室38に移行し
ていて、この室38内には押圧ピン34を取り囲む第２の閉
鎖ばね40が配置されている。閉鎖ばね40は円板42,44を
介してケーシング肩36に支持されていてかつ押圧部材46
を介して中間板12の上側の端面に支持されている。Formed in the nozzle holder 16 is a first chamber 26 for accommodating a first closing spring 28, which is a disc.
It is supported on the bottom of the chamber 26 via 30 and always acts on the valve needle 18 via a pressing piece 32 and a pressing pin 34. The chamber 26 transitions into a second chamber 38 at the casing shoulder 36, in which a second closing spring 40 surrounding the push pin 34 is arranged. The closing spring 40 is supported on the casing shoulder 36 by means of the discs 42, 44 and the pressing member 46.
It is supported by the upper end surface of the intermediate plate 12 via.
押圧部材46は所要の運動遊びを以つて室38の壁に沿つ
て移動可能に案内されている。押圧ピン34の弁ニードル
18に面した端部48は滑らかに形成されていてかつ押圧部
材46内で移動可能に案内されている。弁ニードル18は中
間板12内に突入するジヤーナル50を備えていて、このジ
ヤーナルには押圧ピン34が直接作用している。ジヤーナ
ル50は、該ジヤーナルが弁ニードル18の閉鎖位置で前行
程hvの値だけ中間板12の上側端面の下に位置するように
設計されている。前行程hvを進んだ後ではジヤーナル50
は押圧部材46に当接し、これによつて両閉鎖ばね28,40
は閉鎖方向で弁ニードル18に作用する。弁ニードルの全
行程hgは公知のようにジヤーナル50への移行部に形成さ
れた弁ニードル18の環状肩52と中間板12の下側の端面と
によつて制限される。The pressing member 46 is movably guided along the wall of the chamber 38 with the required movement play. Press pin 34 valve needle
The end 48 facing the 18 is formed smoothly and is movably guided in the pressing member 46. The valve needle 18 has a journal 50 which projects into the intermediate plate 12, to which the push pin 34 acts directly. The journal 50 is designed such that it lies below the upper end face of the intermediate plate 12 in the closed position of the valve needle 18 by the value of the forward stroke h v . Journal 50 in after traveling the previous stroke h v
Abuts on the pressing member 46, whereby the two closing springs 28, 40
Acts on the valve needle 18 in the closing direction. The total travel h g of the valve needle is limited by the annular shoulder 52 of the valve needle 18 and the lower end face of the intermediate plate 12 formed in the transition to the journal 50, as is known.
第３図による噴射ノズルのばあい押圧ピン34の滑らか
に形成された下側の端部48は中間板54内で移動可能に支
承された中間部材56を介して上側で偏平な端面で終つて
いる弁ニードル58に作用している。前行程hvはこの実施
例では中間部材56によつて制限されていて、該中間部材
は押圧部材46に面した端面にストツパ面を拡大する環状
つば60を備えている。In the case of the injection nozzle according to FIG. 3, the smoothly formed lower end 48 of the pressure pin 34 ends in a flat end face on the upper side via an intermediate member 56 movably supported in an intermediate plate 54. Acting on the valve needle 58. The front stroke h v is limited in this embodiment by an intermediate member 56, which is provided on its end face facing the pressing member 46 with an annular collar 60 which enlarges the stopper surface.
図面は本発明の２つの実施例を示すものであつて、第１
図は本発明による燃料噴射ノズルの第１実施例の縦断面
図、第２図は第１図の一部の拡大図、第３図は第２図に
相応する部分を断面図で示した第２実施例図である。 10……ノズル体、12,54……中間板、14……止めナツ
ト、16……ノズルホルダ、18……弁ニードル、20……ノ
ズル開口、22……通路、24……管片、26,38……室、28,
40……閉鎖ばね、30,42,44……円板、32……押圧片、34
……押圧ピン、36……ケーシング肩、46……押圧部材、
48……端部、50……ジヤーナル、52……環状肩、56……
中間部材、58……弁ニードル、60……環状つば。The drawings show two embodiments of the invention, the first of which:
1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of a fuel injection nozzle according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a portion corresponding to FIG. It is a 2nd Example figure. 10 …… Nozzle body, 12,54 …… Intermediate plate, 14 …… Stop nut, 16 …… Nozzle holder, 18 …… Valve needle, 20 …… Nozzle opening, 22 …… Passage, 24 …… Tube piece, 26 , 38 …… Room, 28,
40 …… Closing spring, 30,42,44 …… Disc, 32 …… Pressing piece, 34
...... Pressing pin, 36 ...... Casing shoulder, 46 ...... Pressing member,
48 …… Edge, 50 …… Journal, 52 …… Annular shoulder, 56 ……
Intermediate member, 58 ... Valve needle, 60 ... Annular collar.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 パウル・フユスナー ドイツ連邦共和国ジンデルフインゲン・ ゾンマーホーフエンシユトラーセ 167 (72)発明者 カール・ホフマン ドイツ連邦共和国レムスエツク・アムゼ ルヴエーク 22 (72)発明者 ヴエルナー・ヴアーグナー ドイツ連邦共和国ゲルリンゲン・ジルヒ ヤーシユトラーセ 11 (72)発明者 クラウス・ヴオルフ ドイツ連邦共和国シユツツトガルト30・ ルーゼンシユロスシユトラーセ 17 (72)発明者 ギユンター・カポルケ ドイツ連邦共和国ガイスフエルト・オー ベラー・ガイスベルク ５ (72)発明者 エドガー・シユナイダー ドイツ連邦共和国クネツガウ・ライポル トシユトラーセ 15 (56)参考文献 実開 昭59−142470（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭56−173757（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭61−19671（ＪＰ，Ｕ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Paul Fusner Sindelfingen Sommerhof Ensichutlaser 167 (72) Inventor Karl Hoffmann Remsweck Amselvejk 22 (72) Invention Werner Wergner Gerlingen Jirch Järshutraße, Federal Republic of Germany 11 (72) Inventor Klaus Wolff, Schütztgart 30, Luzen Siyuros Syutrase, Federal Republic of Germany 17 (72) Inventor, Guyunter Kaporke・ Geisberg 5 (72) Inventor Edgar Schneider Kennetzgau Reiport Schuttraße 15 (56), Federal Republic of Germany Document JitsuHiraku Akira 59-142470 (JP, U) JitsuHiraku Akira 56-173757 (JP, U) JitsuHiraku Akira 61-19671 (JP, U)
Claims (6)
ニードルを移動可能に支承するノズル体が設けられてい
て、このノズル体が中間板を介してノズルホルダに締付
け固定されていて、このノズルホルダ内に軸方向で相前
後して配置された２つの閉鎖ばねを収容する室が形成さ
れていて、これら閉鎖ばねの第１の閉鎖ばねが中央の押
圧ピンを介して常時弁ニードルに作用しているのに対し
て、第２の閉鎖ばねが押圧部材に作用していて、この押
圧部材が弁ニードルの閉鎖位置で中間板に形成された第
１の肩に支持されていてかつ前記押圧部材に弁ニードル
もしくは弁ニードルと共に移動する部分が前行程を進ん
だ後で当接するようになっており、更に、中間板に第２
の肩が設けられていて、この肩が遅くとも前行程を進ん
だ後で金ニードルと共に移動させられる対応肩と協働し
て弁ニードルの全行程を制限している形式のものにおい
て、第１の閉鎖ばね（28）のばね力を常時弁ニードル
（18,58）に伝達する、第２の閉鎖ばね（40）を貫通す
る押圧ピン（34）が、少なくとも弁ニードル（18,58）
に面した端部（48）で、ヘッド状の肉厚部を持たない滑
らかな円筒状の部分として形成されており、押圧ピン
（34）が弁ニードル（18,58）に面した滑らかな端部（4
8）で第２の閉鎖ばね（40）の押圧部材（46）内で案内
されていて、この押圧部材自体が、所要の運動遊びを以
って、第２の閉鎖ばね（40）を収容するノズルホルダ
（16）の室（38）の壁に沿って案内されていることを特
徴とする、内燃機関用の燃料噴射ノズル。1. A fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine, comprising a nozzle body for movably supporting a valve needle, the nozzle body being clamped and fixed to a nozzle holder via an intermediate plate, A chamber is formed in the nozzle holder for accommodating two closing springs arranged one behind the other in the axial direction, the first closing spring of these closing springs being connected to the valve needle at all times via a central push pin. In operation, a second closing spring acts on the pressure member, which in the closed position of the valve needle is supported on a first shoulder formed on the intermediate plate and The pressing member is such that the valve needle or a portion that moves together with the valve needle comes into contact with the pressing member after advancing through the front stroke.
A shoulder is provided which limits the total travel of the valve needle in cooperation with a corresponding shoulder which is moved with the gold needle at the latest after having traveled the forward stroke. At least the push pin (34) passing through the second closing spring (40) for transmitting the spring force of the closing spring (28) to the valve needle (18,58) at all times is at least the valve needle (18,58).
The end (48) facing toward is formed as a smooth cylindrical part without a head-like thick portion, and the pressing pin (34) faces the valve needle (18, 58) and is a smooth end. Department (4
8) is guided in the pressing member (46) of the second closing spring (40), which itself holds the second closing spring (40) with the required movement play. A fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine, which is guided along a wall of a chamber (38) of a nozzle holder (16).
る弁ニードル（18）のジャーナル（50）に直接作用して
いる、特許請求の範囲第１項記載の燃料噴射ノズル。2. The fuel injection nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the pressing pin (34) acts directly on the journal (50) of the valve needle (18) projecting into the intermediate plate (12).
能に支承された中間部材（56）を介して弁ニードル（5
8）の扁平な端面に作用している、特許請求の範囲第１
項記載の燃料噴射ノズル。3. A valve needle (5) via an intermediate member (56) in which a pressing pin (34) is movably supported in an intermediate plate (12).
The first aspect of the invention, which acts on the flat end surface of 8).
A fuel injection nozzle according to the item.
んだ後で押圧ピン（34）とは別個に構成された部分（1
8,58）が第２の閉鎖ばね（40）の押圧部材（46）に当接
するようになっている、特許請求の範囲第１項から第３
項までのいずれか１項記載の燃料噴射ノズル。4. A portion (1) which is formed separately from the pressing pin (34) after the valve needle (18, 58) has passed the front stroke (hv).
Claims 1 to 3 in which the (8,58) is adapted to abut the pressing member (46) of the second closing spring (40).
The fuel injection nozzle according to claim 1.
後で弁ニードル（18）のジャーナル（50）が第２の閉鎖
ばね（40）の押圧部材（46）に当接するようになってい
る、特許請求の範囲第４項記載の燃料噴射ノズル。5. The journal (50) of the valve needle (18) is brought into contact with the pressing member (46) of the second closing spring (40) after advancing the front stroke (hv) of the valve needle (18). The fuel injection nozzle according to claim 4, wherein:
後で中間板（54）内に移動可能に支承された中間部材
（56）が第２の閉鎖ばね（40）の押圧部材（46）に当接
するようになっている、特許請求の範囲第５項記載の燃
料噴射ノズル。6. An intermediate member (56) movably supported in an intermediate plate (54) after advancing the front stroke (hv) of a valve needle (18) presses a second closing spring (40). The fuel injection nozzle according to claim 5, which is adapted to come into contact with the member (46).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19868608650 DE8608650U1 (en) | 1986-03-29 | 1986-03-29 | Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines |
| DE8608650.2 | 1986-03-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62237076A JPS62237076A (en) | 1987-10-17 |
| JP2525401B2 true JP2525401B2 (en) | 1996-08-21 |
Family
ID=6793186
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62074590A Expired - Lifetime JP2525401B2 (en) | 1986-03-29 | 1987-03-30 | Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2525401B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE8608650U1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2188367B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8711188D0 (en) * | 1987-05-12 | 1987-06-17 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injection nozzles |
| US4938193A (en) * | 1987-06-15 | 1990-07-03 | Stanadyne Automotive Corp. | Fuel injection nozzle |
| JPH081160B2 (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1996-01-10 | 株式会社ゼクセル | Fuel injection valve |
| DE3843235A1 (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| DE3907569A1 (en) * | 1989-03-09 | 1990-09-13 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| DE3913062A1 (en) * | 1989-04-21 | 1990-10-25 | Daimler Benz Ag | FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR AN AIR COMPRESSING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, ESPECIALLY SUCH AS A DIRECT INJECTOR |
| GB2232202A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1990-12-05 | Lucas Ind Plc | C.i. engine fuel injector |
| GB8912647D0 (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1989-07-19 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injection nozzles |
| GB9012288D0 (en) * | 1990-06-01 | 1990-07-18 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injection pump |
| DE4101235C1 (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1992-06-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De | |
| DE4440182C2 (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 2003-09-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
| DE19748384A1 (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 1999-05-06 | Guenter Dr Ing Slowik | Fuel injection process |
| DE19835340A1 (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 2000-02-10 | Guenter Slowik | Method and injection nozzle for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2711390A1 (en) * | 1977-03-16 | 1978-09-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | FUEL INJECTOR |
| CH622588A5 (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1981-04-15 | Sulzer Ag | |
| JPS59142470U (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1984-09-22 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | fuel injection valve |
-
1986
- 1986-03-29 DE DE19868608650 patent/DE8608650U1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-03-04 GB GB8705058A patent/GB2188367B/en not_active Expired
- 1987-03-30 JP JP62074590A patent/JP2525401B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2188367A (en) | 1987-09-30 |
| GB8705058D0 (en) | 1987-04-08 |
| GB2188367B (en) | 1989-11-15 |
| JPS62237076A (en) | 1987-10-17 |
| DE8608650U1 (en) | 1987-07-23 |
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