JP2521839B2 - Combustion furnace - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a combustion furnace for carbonizing wood to be charcoal or for completely burning organic waste materials such as rubber and plastic for incineration. .

(Prior Art) Conventionally, this type of combustion furnace has a furnace body 1 as shown in FIG.
A material to be burned, such as wood rubber or plastic, is put in through the upper opening 3, the upper opening 3 is closed with the lid 5, and the bolts and nuts 13 that rotate about the pin 11 as a fulcrum are arranged around the lid 5. By locking and tightening the piece 15, the periphery of the lid 5 was pressed against the packing 9 provided in the groove 7 around the upper opening 3 for hermetic combustion.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in this type of combustion furnace, thermal deformation of the periphery of the opening and the lid is large, and the opening cannot be made sufficiently large.
Construction waste materials, long tires such as super-large tires, large-diameter incinerators cannot be directly put in, problems that thermal deformation is large and opening shape is limited to almost circular shape, and even sealing against deformation There is a problem that work time is required because bolts and nuts are tightened at many places because the outside air enters and there is a risk of explosion if not completely done.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to solve this problem, the present invention inputs a burned material from an upper opening of a furnace body, burns the burned material in a lower part of the furnace body, and removes a residue from a lower opening. In the discharging combustion furnace, the upper opening is directed upward, and a groove is provided in an annular shape at the peripheral edge of the upper opening, and is in communication with the groove by contacting the periphery of the side wall of the groove and the furnace body. A side room
The side chamber and the groove are filled with cooling liquid, while the lid covering the upper opening is provided with a hollow lid body having an evaporation pipe and an annular hanging body extending from the lid body into the cooling liquid of the groove,
A combustion furnace is characterized in that the lid is filled with a cooling liquid.

(Example) Next, this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 110 in the drawing denotes a furnace body, which is formed of a large diameter portion 111, a small diameter portion 112, and an inclined portion 113 connecting these, and an upper opening 114 that opens upward and a lower opening 1 that opens downward.
15 are provided. A water jacket 116 is provided around the furnace body 110, and the jacket 11 is provided above the large diameter portion 111.
Reference numeral 6 has a large annular storage portion 117, which increases the evaporation area to improve the cooling effect of the furnace body 110 and prevents the evaporated cooling liquid from immediately disappearing.

A deep groove 118 is provided in an annular shape around the periphery of the opening 114, and the groove 11 is in contact with the periphery of the side wall of the groove 118 and the shoulder portion of the furnace body 110.
A side chamber 119 communicating with 8 is provided. The side chamber 119 is formed in an annular shape so as to fill the space between the groove 118 and the storage portion 117 of the jacket 116, and allows large storage of the cooling liquid. The communication between the groove 118 and the side chamber 119 is made by a continuous or intermittently provided annular slit 120 provided in the side wall, and forms a good free surface area of the cooling liquid which is many times that of the groove 118.

Further, the small-diameter portion 112 is tapered so as to spread toward the lower opening 115, and has a volume such that the residue left by combustion does not reach the inclined portion 113. Small diameter part 1
An air supply slit 121 is continuously or intermittently provided in the lower part of 12 and an air header 135 is provided outside the air supply slit 121, and air is supplied from the air supply slit 121 for combustion of the burned material in the small diameter portion 112. It is made possible. On the other hand, a gas discharge port 136 is provided on the side of the large-diameter portion 111, from which the gas generated by combustion is discharged.
On the outside of the lower end of the small-diameter portion 112, an annular hanging body 131 is formed on the lower opening 11.
It extends downward to hide 5.

The lid 122 that covers the upper opening 114 is a hollow lid 123 that has an opening shape such as a circular shape or a short shape. The hollow lid 123 is filled with the cooling liquid and an evaporation pipe 124 is provided above the lid 123.
An annular pendant 125 extends downward from the peripheral edge of the.

This annular pendant 125 is a lid 122 due to the cooling liquid and its own weight.
Of the furnace body 110 to fully seal the inside and outside of the furnace body 110 by fully descending into the cooling liquid filled in the groove 118.

FIG. 2 shows that a tank 126, which is another means for replenishing the cooling liquid to the groove 118, is connected to the furnace body 110 or separated from the tank 126, and a communication pipe 127 is formed.
Valve 12 which is connected to the groove 118 and is provided in the middle of the communication pipe 127.
The cooling liquid evaporated in 8 is replenished.

A bottom lid 129 that closes the opening is provided in the lower opening 115 inside the annular hanging body 131 so as to rotate around a hinge 130 and open.

This bottom lid 129 is hollow, and the upper side is inclined from the periphery so that the central portion becomes low, and the inside is filled with a cooling liquid. Replenishing the cooling liquid and venting air when expanding,
Although not shown in the figure, holes for evaporation and the like are provided in a high portion (a portion where air stays) in the peripheral portion.

A lower lid 132 for raising the furnace body 110 from the lower side so as to face the bottom lid 129 and completely sealing the lower side of the furnace body 10.
Is a deep annular groove 133 that allows the annular pendant 131 to extend into the cooling liquid filled therein, and a lid that closes the inner peripheral portion of the groove 133.
It is formed from 134 and can move up and down. The bottom lid 129 greatly reduces the influence of heat on the lid member 134, and the lid member 134 is not made hollow to fill the cooling liquid. However, the central portion of the lid body 134 is convex upward, and the cooling liquid that has come to the upper side of the lid body 134 is made to flow down when it can be stored in the groove 133 side.

Here, the cooling liquid is generally water, but is not limited to this, and may be a mixture of water and another liquid, or another liquid alone.

(Operation) Next, the handling of this combustion furnace will be described.

First, the lower lid 115 is closed with the bottom lid 129, and then the lower lid 13
2 is set up so that the annular pendant 131 is sufficiently filled in the example liquid in the groove 133.

Next, the upper opening 114 from which the lid 122 is removed is
It is made into a short shape with a size of 3.4m x 3.5m, and even if it is a long-sized, large-diameter non-combustible material (combustion target) such as construction waste material or super-large tires, it can be made smaller in advance. Directly input without pre-treatment. Therefore, the furnace lid 110 is sequentially stacked from above the bottom lid 129 and filled with the burned material. After the incineration, the small-diameter portion 11 where the residue, which is called a clinker, does not reach the inclined portion 113 from the bottom lid 129 after incineration.
It will only stay at 2.

When the lid 122 is placed so as to cover the upper opening 114, the groove 11
An annular pendant 125 is sufficiently set in 8 and set. In this state, the cooling liquid is supplied to the jacket 116, the groove 118, the side chamber 119, and the lid 1.
23, the bottom lid 129, and the groove 133 are fully filled, and the upper opening 11
The water seal at 4 and the lower opening 115 is complete.

Although at the small-diameter portion 112, a burner (not shown) ignites the burned material to start combustion. Air is supplied from the air header 135 through the slit 121, completely burned, and the generated gas is discharged from the discharge port 136,
After passing through various devices (not shown), the smoke is made harmless and discharged into the atmosphere.

Here, in the case of complete incineration, the air supply is sufficient, and in the case of carbonization for making charcoal from wood, for example, the air supply is reduced and so-called steaming is performed.

As a result of burning the burned material, the temperature inside the furnace body 110 becomes high,
The cooling liquid filled in the jacket 116 is heated, the cooling effect is enhanced by the latent heat of vaporization, and the furnace body 110 is protected with little deformation.

Similarly, the groove 118 and the side chamber 119 are also operated by the cooling liquid.
The deformation of the furnace body 110 is small, and the shape of the upper opening 114 is also not deformed. Further, even if the temperature of the lid 122 becomes high, the cooling liquid in the lid body 123 evaporates from the evaporation pipe 124, so that the deformation hardly occurs. Therefore, merely by placing the lid 122 on the portion of the upper opening 114 from above, the weight of the lid 122 does not impair the water seal with the annular hanging body 125 in the groove 118. In this water-sealed structure, even if the inside of the furnace body 110 becomes a negative pressure, there is no invasion of outside air, so abnormal combustion or explosion does not occur. Even if the internal pressure suddenly rises due to an explosion or the like, the pressure escapes by making a way to blow off the cooling liquid in the groove 118 inside and outside the annular pendant 125, and immediately after that, the remaining cooling liquid remains. Also return water seal. Figure 1 shows side chamber 11 compared to Figure 2.
Since it has 9, the cooling liquid in the groove will not be exhausted when blown through. That is, in the conventional bolt nut tightening or the like, if the tightened portions are few or loose, the outside air is allowed to enter due to the deformation, which may cause an explosion or the like and destroy the combustion furnace.

Also, focusing on the lower part of the furnace body 110, the bottom lid 129 is
It receives heat although its temperature is lower than that above 0. Bottom lid 129
Since the upper part of the is in the shape of an inverted cone with a slightly lower center, the cooling liquid is always in contact with the central part that is highly affected by heat, and even if bubbles form in the cooling liquid, it moves to the higher part of the periphery. And then escaped. Therefore, the bottom lid 129 due to heat
Does not occur. However, when the upper portion is flat or bulges upward, the bulges further upward due to heat, so that the back side becomes an air layer and the steel sheet becomes hot, resulting in large deformation and severe damage.

Even if the generated gas leaks from the periphery of the bottom lid 129, water is sealed between the cooling liquid in the groove 133 and the annular slant 131, so that no gas leaks from the lower part to the outside of the furnace. Since the same applies to the upper part of the furnace, the environment is not deteriorated by secondary combustion of the generated gas.

When the combustion is completed, the burned material is solidified so as to be in contact with the wall surface of the small diameter portion 112 as a residue such as a clinker. When the lower lid 132 is lowered and the bottom lid 129 is rotated and lowered at the position of the hinge 130, the solidified debris is removed by its own weight or a slight force because the small diameter portion 112 has a wide taper downward. It

(Effect) As described above, according to the present invention, since the thermal deformation of the upper opening of the combustion furnace is particularly small, the degree of freedom of the shape of the opening is large, and the opening area can be made large. Large combustible materials can be added and processed without crushing)
Since the sealing is completed simply by placing the lid, the processing time can be greatly shortened. It is possible to secure a sufficient water supply from the side chamber to the groove and to seal it with water, so that it can be completely sealed, and it can handle sudden changes in internal pressure without difficulty and there is no risk of destroying the combustion furnace. . Further, since the lid and the furnace body are prevented from being deformed, a perfect seal can be maintained.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a combustion furnace according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the combustion furnace, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a modified example of a groove portion around the upper opening. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an essential part of a lower portion of the combustion furnace, and FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a conventional lid sealing structure of the combustion furnace. 110 …… Furnace body, 111 …… Large diameter part 112 …… Small diameter part, 113 …… Sloping part 114 …… Upper opening, 115 …… Lower opening 118,133 …… Groove, 119 …… Side chamber 120 …… Slit, 122… … Lid 123 …… Lid, 125, 131 …… Annular pit 129 …… Bottom lid, 132 …… Lower lid

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A combustion furnace in which a material to be burned is introduced from an upper opening of a furnace body, the material to be burned is burned in a lower portion of the furnace body, and a residue is discharged from a lower opening of the furnace body. A groove is provided in an annular shape at the periphery of the upper opening, and a side chamber that is in contact with the periphery of the side wall of the groove and the furnace body and communicates with the groove is provided. On the other hand, the lid covering the upper opening is provided with a hollow lid having an evaporation pipe and an annular hanging body extending from the lid into the cooling liquid in the groove, and the lid is filled with the cooling liquid. Combustion furnace characterized by being filled.