JP2521484B2 - Method and apparatus for removing paddy rice - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for efficiently removing rice from paddy rice.

[Conventional technology]

Traditionally, earthen mills have been used as a removing machine for removing rice husks from threshed paddy rice, and in recent years an impact-type removing machine was devised, which was widely used for a while. When the formula type was devised (late Taisho era) and improvements were added, the shock type disappeared, and now most of it is occupied by this double roll type.

The double roll type decapsulator is a "slippery" caused by the difference in the peripheral speed due to the contact pressure of the rubber rolls and the rotation difference between the two rolls while the raw rice grain passes through the gap between the pair of rubber rolls with different rotation speeds. Is used to peel off the rice husks.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

By the way, the surface of the rice husk that forms the epidermis of paddy rice (outer gull) has awns made of a strong fibrous structure, guards and many small thorns, as if it were covered with sandpaper. Therefore, the rubber roll was rapidly worn by the awns, guards and many thorns (hereinafter referred to as thorns), and the rubber roll had to be replaced earlier.
Especially in the common paddy drying and preparation facility (rice center, etc.), every time the rubber roll is replaced, not only the removal machine but also the equipment before and after it must be stopped. Therefore, the wear rate of the rubber roll is one of the keys that influence the operating rate.

The present invention has been made in view of this point, and it is a technical object to provide a method for removing rice from paddy rice and a device for the same, which can reduce the wear rate of the rubber roll as much as possible and prolong the replacement period (life). And

[Means for solving the problem]

The method of removing rice from the first aspect of the invention is to remove the thorns on the surface of the rice husk by rubbing the rice into pieces, and after arranging and scratching the rice husk, the rice husk is passed through a pair of rubber rolls having different peripheral speeds. It peels off the rice husks of rice.

The paddy rice removing device of the second invention is a device for carrying out the method of the first invention, and has a supply port on one side,
In a dehulling device for dehulled rice, which is provided with a discharge port on the other side and has a stirring / fluidizing device internally provided with a stirring / fluidizing means in the preceding step of the dehulling device, At the exit, a technical measure was taken to install a resistance plate to control the discharge of paddy rice.

[Work]

Grain friction between paddy rice occurs during stirring and flowing by controlling the discharge of paddy rice in a paddy rice stirring and flowing device, and the thorns on the surface of the rice husk drop off and the row and scratch of the rice husk are caused by the particle rub. . The paddy rice, which has no thorns and has rows and scratches on the rice husk, is easily peeled off by the removal action while passing through the gap between a pair of rubber rolls, and since there are no strong thorns, the rubber roll surface The thorns don't unnecessarily scrape them.

Example of Invention

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a partially broken cross-section of a paddy rice shedding device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the shedding machine of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. . First, the dewetting machine 1 will be described. The dewetting machine 1 includes a dewetting chamber 2, a wind selecting chamber 3 and a supply unit 4. The supply unit 4 is composed of a supply hopper 5 and a funnel base 6, and a flow sensor 7, a flow rate adjusting valve 8, a shutter 9 and a shutter cylinder 10 are provided on the funnel base 6 through which the paddy rice flows down, and a take-up roll is provided below the shutter 9. 32 are provided.

A high peripheral speed rubber roll attached to the main shaft 11 in the removing chamber 2
12 and a low peripheral speed rubber roll 14 rotatably mounted on an auxiliary shaft 13 provided so as to be movable in the distance from the main shaft 11 are provided so as to face each other. Dispersion plate 15 is provided for receiving.

Above the wind selection chamber 3, there is provided a polished rice hopper 16 that guides the polished rice that is dispersed and dropped by the dispersion chamber 15 to the air passage 17.
A shelf board 18 is horizontally installed in the air passage 17, and a mixed rice receiving trough 19 and an unripe rice receiving trough 20 are provided below the shelf board 18. The mixed rice receiving trough 19 includes a mixed rice screw 21 and an unripe rice. Each of the gutters 20 is provided with an unripe rice screw 22. The air passage 17 starts from near the lower end of the polished rice hopper 16 and has a rising smell, and is gradually narrowed. Then, the upper end portion is suddenly dropped and a large air path is formed, and the rice husk gutter 23 is provided at the lower end portion which is suddenly dropped. A rice husk screw 39 is provided in the rice husk receiving gutter 23, and an airlock valve 24 urged by a weight 25 is attached to the gutter end. A fan 26 is provided in the wind selection chamber 3, and the outlet 26a of the fan 26 is connected to the start end of the air passage 17 and the air passage 1
The starting end of 7 is connected to the intake port 26b of the fan 26 to form a circulation air passage.

Next, the drive relationship will be described. The motor pulley 28 of the main motor 27 is connected to the large-diameter groove of the three-stage pulley 30 by the V-belt 29, and the small-diameter groove of the stage pulley 30 is the V-belt 31.
Is connected to the take-up roll pulley 33 by. Furthermore,
The medium-diameter groove of the three-stage pulley 30, the main shaft pulley 34 attached to the main shaft 11, the sub shaft pulley 35 attached to the sub shaft 13, and the automatic tension pulley 37 urged by the spiral spring 36 are hexagonal. It is linked and connected by the belt 38. The drive pulley 40 attached to the main shaft 11 is a fan by the V belt 41.
It is connected to a large-diameter groove of a fan two-stage pulley 43 that is attached to a fan shaft 42 that rotates 26. The small-diameter groove of the fan two-stage pulley 43 is connected via the V-belt 44 to the large-diameter groove of the unripe rice two-stage pulley 45 axially attached to the unripe rice screw 22.
The small-diameter groove of the unripe rice two-stage pulley 45, the brown rice pulley 46 axially attached to the brown rice screw 21, the rice husk pulley 47 axially attached to the rice husk screw 39, and the tension pulley 48 are connected by a V belt 49.

Next, the rubber roll relationship will be described. The high peripheral speed rubber roll 12 and the low peripheral speed rubber roll 14 both have a rubber part made of a synthetic resin material or the like having a constant thickness around the iron core and are formed to have the same diameter. Rotates at a high speed at a fixed position, while the other low peripheral speed rubber roll 14 is rotatably provided on a sub shaft 13 rotatably supported by a sub shaft arm 51 rotatably provided about a fulcrum shaft 50. There is. The free end of the counter shaft arm 51 is connected to a rod 53, which will be described later, by a force point shaft 52, which allows the counter shaft 13 to move far and near with respect to the main shaft 11 about the fulcrum shaft 50. The low peripheral speed rubber roll 14 attached to the
You will be able to move in and out. In this embodiment, each rubber roll has the same diameter, and one of them is rotated at a high speed to form a high peripheral speed rubber roll and a low peripheral speed rubber roll. In some cases, the diameter of the rubber is set to be larger than that of the other rubber, thereby forming a high peripheral speed rubber roll and a low peripheral speed rubber roll.

Regarding the rod 53, a male screw portion formed on the rod 53
54 and a female screw portion 55 are fixedly attached to the main body, and a sprocket 56 axially attached to an end portion of a rod 53 and a sprocket 58 of a forward / reverse rotation electric motor 57 are linked / connected by a chain 59. A control box 60 equipped with a switch for rotating the forward / reverse rotation electric motor 57 in the forward or reverse direction is mounted on the side wall of the removing chamber 2.

Next, a stirring / fluidizing device for paddy rice will be described. First
The stirring / fluidizing device 61 of the embodiment of the invention is a screw conveyor 69 in which a supply port 62 is opened at the bottom and a discharge port 63 is opened at the top.
(See Fig. 1), and the supply port 62 has a supply hopper 64.
However, the discharge port 63 is provided with a chute 65 connected to the supply hopper 5 of the removing machine 1, and further, a shutter 66 is provided at the supply port 62 and a weight 67 is provided at the discharge port 63 toward the discharge port 63. A resistance plate 68 formed so as to urge each is mounted. A screw 70 having spiral blades is rotatably provided inside the screw conveyor 69, and the lower end of the screw 70 is directly connected to the shaft of the electric motor 71. Also screw
At the upper end of 70, a splash plate 70a for scraping rice from the discharge port 63 is provided, and at a chute 65 near the discharge port 63, a dust collecting (dust) port 73 is opened and a dust collecting fan 72 is provided. .

The specific operation of the above embodiment will be described below. The electric motor 71 of the screw conveyor 69 is started, raw rice grain is put into the supply hopper 64, and the shutter 66
Open. The paddy rice flows in from the supply port 62 and is pumped by the screw 70, but since the discharge plate 63 is equipped with a resistance plate 68, the inside of the screw conveyor 69 is in an appropriately high pressure state, and the paddy rice due to grain friction causes The thorns on the surface are effectively removed and cracks and scratches are formed on a part of the rice husk.

Screw conveyor with almost all thorns dropped off
The unhulled rice that has reached the vicinity of the upper end of 69 is discharged into the chute 65 against the resistance plate 68, and at this time, the suction force of the dust collection fan 72 collects the fallen thorns and dust mixed in the unhulled rice. It is removed from the dust port 73.

In this way, the thorns, dust, etc. on the surface are removed, and the unhulled rice in which a part of the rice husk is cracked is thrown into the supply hopper 5 of the removing machine 1 through the chute 65. When the shutter cylinder 10 is contracted and the shutter 9 is opened, the paddy rice in the supply hopper 5 flows down the funnel base 6 while being assisted by the feeding roll 32, and the high peripheral speed rubber roll 12 and the low peripheral speed rotating oppositely. It passes through the gap with the rubber roll 14. At this time, the paddy rice is removed by "slip" due to the difference in peripheral speed between the high peripheral speed rubber roll 12 and the low peripheral speed rubber roll 14, but the control box 60
The forward / reverse rotation electric motor 57 is driven by operating the "roll close switch", the rod 53 is rotated through the chain 59, and the auxiliary shaft arm 51 is rotated to the main shaft 11 side, so that the low peripheral speed rubber roll 14 is rotated. Approach the high peripheral speed rubber roll 12 side,
Adjust the removal rate (the number of grains of brown rice that has been removed / the number of grains of paddy rice fed to the rubber roll x 100) to be about 80%.

As described above, since the thorns on the surface of the paddy rice are removed, the rubber rolls are not unnecessarily abraded by the strong thorns, and moreover, since a part of the rice husk is cracked, a small slippage occurs. The rice husks are easily peeled off by the force, and the removing action is efficiently performed. Further, since the thorns and dust that have fallen off are removed, the removal efficiency does not decrease due to the passing of these through the rubber roll gap, and the rubber roll wears less.

About 80% of unpolished rice and about 20% of unpolished rice that have been subjected to the depaction action by passing through the gap between the high peripheral speed rubber roll 14 and the low peripheral speed rubber roll 12 pass through the sliding rice hopper 16 while being diffused by the dispersion plate 15. It falls into the air passage 17. At this time, the airflow generated by the fan 26 flows in the air passage 17 toward the upper end of the slope of the air passage 17, and is separated into mixed rice of unhulled rice and brown rice, immature rice, and rice husk, respectively. . That is, the mixed rice that flows from the lower end of the polished rice hopper 16 is the shelf plate 18
Of the lightest rice husk falls from the upper end of the slope of the air passage 17 into the rice husk gutter 23 and falls into the rice husk gutter 23. Immature rice shelves 18
Is dropped into the unripe rice gutter 20 from the upper end of the slant and is taken out of the machine by the mixed rice screw 21, the unripe rice screw 22 and the paddy rice screw 39, respectively.

Next, the second embodiment of the paddy rice stirring / fluidizing device 61 is
It will be described with reference to the drawings. Supply port at the bottom of the supply hopper 75
A screw roll 78 pivotally mounted on the rotary main shaft 77 is provided at the lower end of the supply port 76, and a stirring roll 79 is pivotally mounted subsequent to the screw roll 78. A stirring ridge 80 is formed on the stirring roll 79, a cylindrical or square wire netting cylinder 81 is provided around the stirring roll 79 with a gap, and a circumference of the wire netting cylinder 81 is formed in a dust collecting chamber 82. The duct 83 communicates with a fan (not shown). A discharge tube 84 is provided near the end of the stirring roll 79, and a resistance plate 86 that is biased by a weight 87 toward the discharge port 85 at the end of the discharge cylinder 84 is provided in the discharge tube 84 so that the resistance plate 86 can be moved toward and away from the discharge port 85. The hanging arm 88 is fixed.

A specific operation in this embodiment will be described. The rotating main shaft 77 is rotated by an electric motor (not shown), raw rice grain is put into the supply hopper 75, and the shutter is opened.
The paddy rice flowing down to the supply port 76 is conveyed while flowing to the stirring roll 79 side by the rotating screw roll 78, and the stirring pulse is generated.
Receives the stirring action of 80. At this time,
Due to the resistance plate 86 that urges toward 85, the inside of the wire netting cylinder 81 is in a moderately high pressure state, the grain friction between the rice grains becomes active, and the thorns on the surface of the rice grain can be effectively removed, and at the same time, it becomes a part of the rice husk. Cracks occur. The thorns that have fallen off leak from the wire netting cylinder 81 and are sent to a cyclone collector (not shown) or the like through the duct 83, and the paddy rice resists the resistance plate 86 and the discharge port 85.
It is discharged from the sheet and sent to the supply hopper of the removing machine by an appropriate conveying means, and like the first embodiment, it is efficiently removed without unnecessarily reducing the rubber roll.

FIG. 5 is another embodiment of the stirring roll 79 in the previous embodiment, in which a large number of stirring tongues 90 are planted on the surface of the stirring roll 89 of this embodiment, which stirs and flows the paddy rice, The same action and effect as those of the previous embodiment are produced.

FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the stirring roll 79. The surface of the stirring roll 91 of this embodiment is formed of Kongoshi sand 92, and the stirring roll 91 is rotated at a relatively low speed to remove the paddy rice. , The sandstone 92 scrapes off the thorns on the surface of the paddy rice and also causes a crack in a part of the rice husk.

FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the removing device 69, in which a similar-shaped inner cylinder 93 in which the supply hopper 5 is slightly reduced is internally provided through a gap in the supply hopper 5. The inner cylinder 93 is formed of a wire mesh, and a rotating shaft 94 is rotatably provided at the center of the inner cylinder 93. That is, the bearings 95 that respectively support the upper and lower portions of the rotary shaft 94 are fixed in the inner cylinder 93 by the support fittings 96. Stirring blades 97 are alternately fixed to the rotating shaft 94 in the vertical direction, and a pulley 98 is attached to the upper end of the rotating shaft 94. The pulley 98 and the motor pulley 100 of the electric motor 99 fixed to the side wall of the supply tank 5 are the V belt 101. Connected by.
A dust collecting port 102 is opened near the lower end of the supply hopper 5, and a dust collecting fan 103 is attached.

The specific operation of this embodiment will be described. As soon as the raw brown rice supplied from the chute is put into the inner cylinder 93, it is removed by the rotating stirring blade 97 to remove the thorns on the surface of the paddy and also to crack or scratch a part of the paddy husk. . In this case, the paddy rice in the inner cylinder 93 receives an appropriate pressure due to its own weight, and it is not necessary to pressurize it from the outside. In this way, the thorns and dust that have fallen off due to the removing action leak from the inner cylinder 93 into the space between the inner cylinder 93 and the supply tank 5, and are removed from the dust collecting port 102 to the outside of the machine by the dust collecting fan 103. After that, since it is removed by the remover 1 as in the first embodiment, the description will be omitted. The shape of the stirring blade 97 is not limited to the one shown in the figure, and any shape that removes the unhulled rice may be appropriately adopted.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the paddy rice agitating / fluidizing device is provided in the preceding step of the rubber roll, so that the thorns on the surface of the paddy rice are removed and cracks and scratches are produced in the rice husk,
The rubber roll is not unnecessarily worn by the thorns, and can be easily removed by cracking or scratching the rice husk. Therefore, a predetermined removal rate can be obtained without tightening the rubber roll gap, so that the amount of wear of the rubber roll is reduced and the brown rice is not damaged.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially broken front view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the removing machine in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the removing device, FIGS. 5 to 6 are front views showing another embodiment of the stirring roll shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the embodiment of FIG. 1 ... Removing machine, 2 ... Removing room, 3 ... Wind selection room, 4 ... Supply section, 5 ... Supply hopper, 6 ... Funnel stand, 7 ... Flow rate sensor, 8 ... Flow rate adjustment Bulb, 9 ... Shutter,
10 …… Shutter cylinder, 11 …… Spindle, 12 …… High peripheral speed rubber roll, 13 …… Sub shaft, 14 …… Low peripheral speed rubber roll, 15 …… Dispersion plate, 16 …… Sliced rice hopper, 17 …… Airway, 18 ... Shelf, 19 ... Mixed rice gutter, 20 ... Immature rice gutter, 21 ... Mixed rice screw, 22 ... Immature rice screw, 23 ... Rice husk gutter, 24 ... Air Lock valve, 25 ……
Weight, 26 …… Fan, 27 …… Main motor, 28 …… Motor pulley, 29 …… V belt, 30 …… Three-stage pulley,
31 …… V belt, 32 …… Supply roll, 33 …… Supply roll pulley, 34 …… Spindle pulley, 35 …… Supply pulley, 36 …… Spiral spring, 37 …… Automatic tension pulley, 38 …… Hexagonal belt, 39 …… Rice husk screw, 40 ……
Drive pulley, 41 …… V belt, 42 …… Fan shaft, 43…
… Fan two-stage pulley, 44 …… V belt, 45 …… Unripe rice two-stage pulley, 46 …… Brown rice pulley, 47 …… Chaff pulley, 48 …… Tension pulley, 49 …… V belt, 50…
… Support shaft, 51 …… Sub shaft arm, 52 …… Power point shaft, 53 …… Rod, 54 …… Male screw part, 55 …… Female screw part, 56 …… Sprocket, 57 …… Forward / reverse rotation electric motor, 58 ……sprocket,
59 …… Chain, 60 …… Control box, 61 ……
Mixing / fluidizing device, 62 ... Supply port, 63 ... Discharge port, 64 ...
Supply hopper, 65 …… chute, 66 …… shutter, 67
...... Weight, 68 ...... Resistance plate, 69 ...... Screw conveyor, 70 ...... Screw, 71 …… Electric motor, 72 …… Dust collecting fan, 73 …… Dust collecting port, 75 …… Supply hopper, 76 …… Supply Mouth, 77 ... Rotating main shaft, 78 ... Screw roll, 79 ... Stirring roll, 80 ... Stirring pulse, 81 ... Wire mesh cylinder, 82 ... Dust collection chamber,
83 …… Duct, 84 …… Discharge tube, 85 …… Discharge port, 86 …… Resistance plate, 87 …… Weight, 88 …… Arm, 89 …… Stir roll, 90 …… Stir tongue, 91 …… Stir Roll, 92 …… Kongo sand, 93 …… Inner cylinder, 94 …… Rotary shaft, 95 …… Bearing, 96 …… Supporting metal, 97 …… Stirring blade, 98 …… Pulley, 99 …… Electric motor, 100 …… Motor Pulley, 101 …… V belt, 102
...... Dust collection port, 103 ... Dust collection fan.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. The rice husks are rubbed into pieces to remove the thorns on the surface of the husks, and after the rice husks are lined and scratched, the rice husks are peeled off by passing through a gap between a pair of rubber rolls having different peripheral speeds. A method for removing paddy rice, which comprises: 2. A dehulling device for dehulled rice, comprising a stirring / fluidizing device for unhulled rice having a supply port on one side and a discharge port on the other side, and having a stirring / fluidizing means installed therein in the preceding step of the depudding machine. In the pudding device, a padding device for removing paddy rice is provided with a resistance plate at the outlet of the device for stirring and flowing the paddy rice. 3. The dehulling device for paddy rice according to claim (2), wherein the paddy rice agitating / fluidizing device comprises an upright screw conveyor. 4. The paddy rice stirring / fluidizing device has a screw shaft and a stirring roll mounted on a rotary shaft, a supply port above the screw roll, and a discharge port at the end of the stirring roll. An apparatus for removing paddy rice according to claim (2), which is provided.