JP2521307B2 - Plasma electrode material - Google Patents
Plasma electrode materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2521307B2 JP2521307B2 JP62257235A JP25723587A JP2521307B2 JP 2521307 B2 JP2521307 B2 JP 2521307B2 JP 62257235 A JP62257235 A JP 62257235A JP 25723587 A JP25723587 A JP 25723587A JP 2521307 B2 JP2521307 B2 JP 2521307B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- electrode material
- plasma
- arc
- nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/222—Non-consumable electrodes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はプラズマ切断のプラズマ電極材料に関する。The present invention relates to plasma cutting plasma electrode materials.
第３図及び第４図は従来のプラズマ切断トーチの構成
・作用を示す説明図であり、第３図はパイロツトアーク
発生時の、第４図はプラズマアーク発生時の状態を夫々
示す。3 and 4 are explanatory views showing the structure and operation of a conventional plasma cutting torch. FIG. 3 shows a state when a pilot arc occurs, and FIG. 4 shows a state when a plasma arc occurs.
図中１は先端部を漏斗状に絞り込んだノズルである。
ノズル１内には、絶緑体で作られた作動ガス旋回用兼内
箇固定環12を介して電極支持筒６が設けられ、ノズル１
の外周面にはノズル１と水密構造にして水冷外筒２が連
結されている。水冷外筒２には冷却水供給パイプ３及び
冷却水排出パイプ４が接続されている。電極支持筒６は
通電パイプ８の先端部に取付けられ、該電極支持筒６内
には電極冷却水導管９の先端部が挿入され、該電極支持
筒６の先端部にはタングステン、ハフニウム、ジルコニ
ウム等からなる棒電極７が設置されている。ノズル１と
通電パイプ８との間には電気絶緑体で作られた連結管13
が設けられ、該連結管13と作動ガス旋回用兼内箇固定環
12との間のノズル１部分には作動ガス供給パイプ５が接
続されている。電極冷却水導管９には電極冷却水供給パ
イプ10及び電極冷却水排出パイプ11が接続されている。
ノズル１は電線18b′を介してパイロツトアーク電源16
に接続され、通電パイプ８は電線18aを介してプラズマ
電源17に接続され、電線18a,18a′を介してパイロツト
アーク電源16に接続されている。またプラズマ電源17は
電線18bを介して被切断材15に接続されている。このよ
うにして電極支持筒６と被切断材15との間で、プラズマ
アーク14、（第４図参照）パイロツトプラズマ14a及び
プラズマアーク（又はアーク）14bを発生するようにな
つている。なお、第３図及び第４図中斜線矢印 は、冷却水の流れ方向を示し、矢印（→）は、作動ガス
の流れ方向を示している。Reference numeral 1 in the drawing denotes a nozzle having a funnel-shaped tip portion.
An electrode support cylinder 6 is provided in the nozzle 1 via a working gas swirling and inner fixed ring 12 made of an insulative body.
A water-cooled outer cylinder 2 is connected to the nozzle 1 in a watertight structure on the outer peripheral surface thereof. A cooling water supply pipe 3 and a cooling water discharge pipe 4 are connected to the water cooling outer cylinder 2. The electrode support tube 6 is attached to the tip of the energizing pipe 8, the tip of the electrode cooling water conduit 9 is inserted into the electrode support tube 6, and the tip of the electrode support tube 6 is made of tungsten, hafnium, zirconium. A rod electrode 7 composed of, etc. is installed. Between the nozzle 1 and the current-carrying pipe 8, a connecting pipe 13 made of an electrically insulating body.
Is provided with the connecting pipe 13 and a fixed ring for turning the working gas
A working gas supply pipe 5 is connected to a portion of the nozzle 1 located between 12 and 12. An electrode cooling water supply pipe 10 and an electrode cooling water discharge pipe 11 are connected to the electrode cooling water conduit 9.
The nozzle 1 is connected to the pilot arc power supply 16 via the electric wire 18b '.
The power supply pipe 8 is connected to the plasma power source 17 via the electric wire 18a and to the pilot arc power source 16 via the electric wires 18a and 18a '. Further, the plasma power source 17 is connected to the material 15 to be cut via the electric wire 18b. In this way, a plasma arc 14, a pilot plasma 14a (see FIG. 4) and a plasma arc (or arc) 14b are generated between the electrode support cylinder 6 and the material 15 to be cut. In addition, hatched arrows in FIG. 3 and FIG. Indicates the flow direction of the cooling water, and the arrow (→) indicates the flow direction of the working gas.
プラズマアークを発生させる前にまず冷却水をノズル
冷却水供給パイプ３及び電極冷却水供給パイプ10からプ
ラズマトーチ内に入れ、ノズル１及び電極支持筒（チッ
プ）６と棒電極７の冷却を開始する。次に作動ガス供給
パイプ５からアルゴン、水素、酸素、空気及びそれ等の
混合ガス等の作動ガスを作動ガス供給パイプ５からトー
チ内に入れノズル１の先端から放出する。この時作動ガ
スは作動ガス旋回用兼内箇固定環12により旋回流となり
ノズル先端に供給される。次にパイロツトアーク電源16
を作動させ、第３図に示す如く、棒電極７とノズル１と
の間に小電流のパイロツトアーク14aを発生させる。こ
のパイロツトアーク14aによつて発生する熱によりノズ
ル１の先端に供給された作動ガス旋回プラズマ流とな
り、パイロツトプラズマ14bとしてノズル１口から下方
へ伸びて行く。このパイロツトプラズマ14bが被切断材1
5に接触した後、パイロツトアーク電源16を切り、同時
にプラズマ電源17を作動させ、アーク14aを棒電極７と
被切断材15との間に移行させて大電流（100〜250A）を
流す。これによりプラズマアーク14が発生し、被切断材
15を切断する。Before generating a plasma arc, cooling water is first introduced into the plasma torch from the nozzle cooling water supply pipe 3 and the electrode cooling water supply pipe 10, and cooling of the nozzle 1, the electrode support tube (tip) 6 and the rod electrode 7 is started. . Next, a working gas such as argon, hydrogen, oxygen, air and a mixed gas thereof is introduced from the working gas supply pipe 5 into the torch through the working gas supply pipe 5 and discharged from the tip of the nozzle 1. At this time, the working gas becomes a swirl flow by the working gas swirling and inner fixed ring 12 and is supplied to the nozzle tip. Next, Pilot Arc Power Supply 16
Is operated to generate a small-current pilot arc 14a between the rod electrode 7 and the nozzle 1, as shown in FIG. The heat generated by the pilot arc 14a creates a working gas swirling plasma flow supplied to the tip of the nozzle 1 and extends downward from the nozzle 1 mouth as the pilot plasma 14b. This pilot plasma 14b is the material to be cut 1
After contacting 5, the pilot arc power supply 16 is turned off, and at the same time, the plasma power supply 17 is activated to move the arc 14a between the rod electrode 7 and the material to be cut 15 to flow a large current (100 to 250 A). As a result, plasma arc 14 is generated and the material to be cut
Cut 15
従来のプラズマ切断トーチの電極材料はハフニウム
（Hf）あるいはジルコニウム（Zr）の純金属、あるいは
両金属の合金で構成されており、かつ、プラズマアーク
発生側の後部を直接水で冷却し電極材の温度上昇を抑え
る構造になつており、電極寿命を長くする対策が取られ
ている。しかしながら、プラズマアーク電流が大きくな
りかつ、作動ガスに酸素を使うと、電極材温度が上昇
し、作動ガスによる酸化反応がはげしくなり、電極寿命
が著しく短かくなる。このため、実機の切断作業では、
電極交換頻度が高く、作業能率が悪いばかりか、消耗品
としての電極コストが非常に高いものになつていた。The electrode material of the conventional plasma cutting torch is composed of pure metal of hafnium (Hf) or zirconium (Zr), or an alloy of both metals, and the rear part of the plasma arc generation side is directly cooled with water to form the electrode material. It has a structure that suppresses temperature rise, and measures are taken to extend the life of the electrode. However, when the plasma arc current becomes large and oxygen is used as the working gas, the electrode material temperature rises, the oxidation reaction by the working gas becomes violent, and the life of the electrode becomes extremely short. Therefore, in the cutting work of the actual machine,
The frequency of electrode replacement is high, the work efficiency is poor, and the electrode cost as a consumable item is very high.
本発明は、かかる点にかんがみてなされたものであ
り、電極材の寿命を長くして切断作業にる消耗品コスト
を大幅に低減させることができるプラズマ切断用電極材
料を提供するものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides an electrode material for plasma cutting which can prolong the life of the electrode material and significantly reduce the cost of consumables for cutting work.
本発明は （１） Hf金属よりなる電極材料中に Sr及びBaよりなる群 Sr及びBaの酸化物よりなる群 Sr及びBaの硼酸化物よりなる群 のうちの成分を１種又は２種以上含有させてなることを
特徴とするトランスフアー型プラズマ切断トーチ用電極
材料、 （２） Zr金属よりなる電極材料中に Y,Sr,Ba及び希土類元素よりなる群 Y,Sr,Ba及び希土類元素の酸化物よりなる群 Y,Sr,Ba及び希土類元素の硼酸化物よりなる群 のうちの成分を１種又は２種以上含有させてなることを
特徴とするトランスフアー型プラズマ切断トーチ用電極
材料、 である。The present invention includes (1) one or more components selected from the group consisting of Sr and Ba, the group consisting of Sr and the oxide of Ba, and the group consisting of Sr and the borate of Ba, in the electrode material made of Hf metal. (2) Oxidation of the group Y, Sr, Ba and rare earth elements consisting of Y, Sr, Ba and rare earth elements in the electrode material made of Zr metal, characterized in that An electrode material for a transfer-type plasma cutting torch, characterized in that it contains one or more components of the group consisting of Y, Sr, Ba and a borate of a rare earth element. .
上述の元素の酸化物は、電子放出材料の表面に凝集
し、その材料の電子放出能を増大させる。すなわち、こ
れら元素の酸化物が電極材料のアーク発生部に凝集する
と、電極材料の仕事関数を低下させ、アーク発生点の温
度が低いままで安定して多量の電子放出が可能となる。
よつて電極材の温度は低下し、寿命は長くなる。The oxides of the above-mentioned elements are aggregated on the surface of the electron emitting material and increase the electron emitting ability of the material. That is, when the oxides of these elements aggregate in the arc generation part of the electrode material, the work function of the electrode material is lowered, and a large amount of electrons can be stably emitted while the temperature at the arc generation point is low.
Therefore, the temperature of the electrode material is lowered and the life is extended.
一方、前記元素を電極材に添加すると、プラズマ発生
点で作動ガスと反応し、酸化物となり、同様の効果が期
待できる。On the other hand, when the above element is added to the electrode material, it reacts with the working gas at the plasma generation point to become an oxide, and the same effect can be expected.
本発明の一実施例を、第１図及び第２図を用いて説明
する。また、プラズマ切断トーチの構造・名称・作用は
従来と同様のため説明を省略する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Further, the structure, name, and action of the plasma cutting torch are the same as those of the conventional one, and the description thereof will be omitted.
第１図はハフニウム（Hf）とHfを基本成分とした本発
明電極材料及び参考材料の電極寿命を示す。また第２図
はジルコニウム（Zr）とZrを基本成分とした本発明電極
材料の電極寿命を示す。FIG. 1 shows the electrode life of the electrode material of the present invention and the reference material containing hafnium (Hf) and Hf as basic components. FIG. 2 shows the electrode life of the electrode material of the present invention containing zirconium (Zr) and Zr as basic components.
第１図及び第２図に示す様に、本発明電極材料は従来
のHf及びZr材料に比べ、同等もしくは２倍程度まで寿命
が伸びることがわかる。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it is understood that the electrode material of the present invention has the same or double the life as compared with the conventional Hf and Zr materials.
ここに示した材料は、基本成分（Hf及びZr）に仕事関
数低下材料を２〜３％添加したものであるが、本発明は
この量に限るものではない。The materials shown here are the basic components (Hf and Zr) to which the work function lowering material is added by 2 to 3%, but the present invention is not limited to this amount.
本発明電極材料を使用することにより、プラズマ切断
電極の寿命が伸び、切断効率が向上すると共に、電極の
消耗品コストが低下し、高能率切断が可能となつた。By using the electrode material of the present invention, the life of the plasma cutting electrode is extended, the cutting efficiency is improved, the cost of consumables of the electrode is reduced, and high efficiency cutting is possible.
第１図;HfとHfを基本成分とした本発明電極材のプラズ
マ切断寿命を示す図、 第２図;ZrとZrを基本成分とした本発明電極材のプラズ
マ切断寿命を示す図、 第３図；プラズマ切断トーチの構造（パイロツトアーク
発生時）を示す図、 第４図；プラズマ切断トーチの構造（プラズマアーク発
生時）を示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the plasma cutting life of the electrode material of the present invention containing Hf and Hf as basic components. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the plasma cutting life of the electrode material of the present invention containing Zr and Zr as basic components. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a structure of a plasma cutting torch (when a pilot arc is generated); FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a structure of a plasma cutting torch (when a plasma arc is generated).
Claims (2)
特徴とするトランスフアー型プラズマ切断トーチ用電極
材料。1. An electrode material made of Hf metal containing one or more components selected from the group consisting of Sr and Ba, the group consisting of Sr and Ba oxides, and the group consisting of Sr and Ba borate. An electrode material for a transfer type plasma cutting torch, which is characterized in that
特徴とするトランスフアー型プラズマ切断トーチ用電極
材料。2. An electrode material made of Zr metal, wherein Y, Sr, Ba and a group Y, Sr, Ba consisting of rare earth elements and a group Y, Sr, Ba consisting of oxides of rare earth elements and borate of rare earth elements are formed. An electrode material for a transfer-type plasma cutting torch, characterized in that it comprises one or more components of the following groups.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62257235A JP2521307B2 (en) | 1987-10-14 | 1987-10-14 | Plasma electrode material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62257235A JP2521307B2 (en) | 1987-10-14 | 1987-10-14 | Plasma electrode material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0199796A JPH0199796A (en) | 1989-04-18 |
| JP2521307B2 true JP2521307B2 (en) | 1996-08-07 |
Family
ID=17303559
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62257235A Expired - Lifetime JP2521307B2 (en) | 1987-10-14 | 1987-10-14 | Plasma electrode material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2521307B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS498622A (en) * | 1972-05-31 | 1974-01-25 | ||
| JPS526932B2 (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1977-02-25 |
-
1987
- 1987-10-14 JP JP62257235A patent/JP2521307B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0199796A (en) | 1989-04-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3198932A (en) | Arc electrode | |
| US6133542A (en) | Process for coating or welding easily oxidized materials and plasma torch for carrying out this process | |
| EP2454046B1 (en) | Contact tip with refractory material reinforced copper composite ; welding torch with such contact tip | |
| JP2775198B2 (en) | Gas cooled cathode for arc torch | |
| JPH0829416B2 (en) | Gas-cooled plasma arc torch with blow-out electrode | |
| IE903018A1 (en) | Plasma Arc Starting Process | |
| JP5126332B2 (en) | Short arc type discharge lamp | |
| US4343983A (en) | Non-consumable composite welding electrode | |
| JP2824344B2 (en) | Plasma electrode material | |
| JP2521307B2 (en) | Plasma electrode material | |
| JPS63154272A (en) | Plasma torch | |
| JP2625234B2 (en) | Plasma electrode material | |
| CN214101883U (en) | Plasma torch | |
| JPS63154273A (en) | Plasma torch | |
| JP3058946B2 (en) | Electrode material for plasma cutting | |
| JPH02112895A (en) | Plasma electrode material | |
| JPS6380978A (en) | Welding torch | |
| JPH05144593A (en) | Plasma cutting torch | |
| WO1999065635A1 (en) | Gas-metal-arc welding contact tip | |
| US5124528A (en) | Gas tungsten and plasma arc welding electrode having a carbide emitter end | |
| JPH0935892A (en) | Electrode for plasma generating device | |
| JPH06292971A (en) | Plasma arc cutting gas | |
| SU1082595A1 (en) | Electrode for arc processes in active gas media | |
| RU2811984C1 (en) | Quick wearing part for arc torch, plasma torch or plasma cutting torch, and also arc torch, plasma torch or plasma cutting torch with the specified part and method of plasma cutting, as well as method of manufacturing electrode for arc torch, plasma torch or plasma cutting torch | |
| JPS6330181A (en) | Plasma torch |