JP2520716Y2 - Head-up display - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] A. Purpose of the Invention 1) Field of Industrial Use The present invention is applied to the front of the front of the railway vehicle when the operator of the railway vehicle is maneuvering while looking at the scene in front of the outside world. The present invention relates to a head-up display that superimposes various information (for example, speed information, brake information, time information, etc.) on the external scene.

The use of such a head-up display eliminates the need for the driver to look away at the instruments from the outside world one by one, thereby preventing an accident that may occur while the driver is looking away from the outside world.

2) Prior art In the conventional head-up display, a combiner such as a half mirror or a hologram element is usually arranged in front of a driver's field of view, and the combiner transmits light emitted from an external scene in the direction of the pilot. The information display light incident on the combiner from the cockpit side is reflected or diffracted in the direction of the pilot. An information projection device for causing the information display light to enter the combiner includes an optical information display unit such as a CRT, a plasma display, or a light emitting diode display, and an optical system for causing light emitted from the optical information display unit to enter the combiner. And a member. The optical member is usually composed of a lens system, a reflecting mirror, etc., so that the operator can visually recognize the information display light in the front visual field.

3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention By the way, a head-up display used in a railway vehicle may have a rougher display accuracy than a head-up display for an aircraft, but has a simple structure and device design (head). In some cases, the design of the positional relationship between the components of the up-display and the components of various other devices) is required. For this reason, in the head-up display used in the railway vehicle or the like, the combiner used in the aircraft may be omitted and the windshield itself may be used as the combiner.

Therefore, the present inventor made a prototype of a head-up display for a railway vehicle using the windshield itself as a combiner. In designing the head-up display of the prototype, the windshield is regarded as a flat plate, and the optical member is arranged so that the information displayed on the display surface is displayed as a virtual image in front of the windshield by an optical member such as a lens and a mirror. Designed

However, I found that the prototype head-up display was very tiring for my eyes. As a result of examination, the cause was found to be as follows. That is, since the windshield of the railway vehicle constitutes a part of the vehicle body, the windshield of the railway vehicle is designed according to the shape of the entire vehicle body. Due to this design relationship, the windshield is not a flat surface but a curved surface with a small curvature, and in many cases, the curved surface with different curvatures in the vertical direction (vertical direction) and the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) (that is, the vertical direction). And a lateral direction have different optical powers). The shape of the curved surface differs depending on the type of railway vehicle, but there are many cylindrical surfaces with a substantially vertical or horizontal axis with a small curvature or curved surfaces similar to those. The information displayed on the display surface of the head-up display is transmitted through an optical member such as a convex lens and a mirror, and then reflected on the cylindrical concave surface of the inner surface of the substantially cylindrical windshield having the small curvature, and then the driver's eyes. Reach Therefore, the display information visually recognized by the driver appears distorted. For example, when the axis of the cylindrical concave surface (cylindrical concave surface) of the windshield is substantially vertical (when there is optical power in the lateral direction), the visible display information reflected by the windshield is left and right of the driver. When the information display light on the display surface is reflected by the cylindrical concave surface, the light is bent in a direction approaching the optical axis, and a virtual image may appear at positions distant from each other to the left and right. It has been found that the distortion of display information due to the small curvature of the windshield causes eye strain.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present inventor has previously made a head-up display for a railway vehicle using a windshield having different vertical and horizontal curvatures as a combiner, in the vertical and horizontal directions of the windshield reflecting surface. Patent application for an invention that facilitates visually recognizing displayed information by arranging a cylindrical optical member for compensating for the difference in optical power of (Japanese Patent No. 2-112809)
did.

In the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 2-112809, in order to compensate the distortion of the display information generated on the cylindrical concave surface (reflection surface) of the windshield with the cylindrical optical member, the cylindrical optical member is arranged as follows. There is a need. That is, in the optical path of the display information, the information display light along the generatrix of the cylindrical optical member needs to follow the generatrix of the cylindrical concave surface of the windshield.

Although it is theoretically possible to design the arrangement of the cylindrical optical members so as to meet this need, it is extremely difficult in practice.

That is, for example, many windshields of railway vehicles are designed such that the reflection surface thereof has optical power only in the lateral direction. In this case, the center part of the windshield in the left-right direction protrudes to the front side,
The left and right ends are in the rear position. The driver's seat is not arranged at the center of the vehicle in the left-right direction, but is arranged at a position offset to either the left-right direction. For example, when the driver's seat is arranged on the left side of the vehicle body, the front windshield in front of the driver's seat is arranged so that the right side portion (a portion near the center) projects further forward than the left side portion. In this case, in order to display the head-up display in front of the driver's seat, it is necessary to project the information display light on the windshield in front of the driver's seat from a position closer to the center than the front. Also, since the windshield is inclined rearward, in order to display the head-up display in front of the driver's seat, the front windshield in front of the driver's seat must be
It is necessary to project the information display light from a position closer to the lower side than the front.

In such a case, the generatrix of the cylindrical reflective surface of the windshield is inclined rearward, and information display light is projected from the head-up display from a position closer to the center and lower than the front of the driver's seat with respect to this reflective surface. Will be done. In this case, it is very difficult to arrange the cylindrical optical member so that the information display light along the generatrix of the cylindrical optical member follows the generatrix of the cylindrical concave surface of the windshield as described above for the following reason. That is, (1) the direction of the generatrix of the cylindrical reflecting surface of the windshield deviates from the design value due to an attachment error when attaching the windshield to the vehicle body.

(2) There is an error in the radius of curvature of the cylindrical reflecting surface when the windshield is manufactured.

For the above reasons, the arrangement of the cylindrical optical member for compensating for the distortion of the information display light caused by the reflection concave surface of the windshield is actually adjusted to a position where the distortion is minimized when actually mounted on the railway vehicle. Target.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention is a head-up display equipped with a cylindrical optical member that compensates for distortion of display information that occurs on the reflection surface of the windshield, and can sufficiently bring out the performance of the cylindrical optical member that compensates for the distortion. The task is to do so.

B. Configuration of the Invention 1) Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, a head-up display for a railway vehicle according to the present invention includes an optical information display unit having a display surface for displaying information and the above-mentioned optical information display unit. An information projector equipped with an optical member for projecting information display light emitted from a display surface in a predetermined direction, and is provided inclining in front of the operator so that the operator can visually recognize the outside scene in front. And a windshield having the function of a combiner that transmits the light rays from the outside from the front to the rear and reflects the information display light projected from the information projection device in a direction visible to the operator. In a head-up display for a vehicle, a reflection surface of a windshield that reflects the information display light is configured to have different optical powers in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction. A cylindrical optical member for compensating for a difference in optical power between the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the windshield reflecting surface, the cylindrical optical member being disposed so that its position can be adjusted around its optical axis. And

As the cylindrical optical member, a cylindrical mirror or a cylindrical lens can be used.

2) Action In the head-up display of the present invention having the above-mentioned characteristics, the vertical direction (vertical direction) and the horizontal direction (horizontal direction)
Distortion of display information caused by a windshield configured to have a different refractive index, so as to compensate for the difference in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the windshield,
It is compensated by arranging the cylindrical optical member.

At this time, since the cylindrical optical member is arranged so that its position can be adjusted around its optical axis, the arrangement of the cylindrical optical member for compensating for the distortion of the information display light caused by the reflection concave surface of the windshield is actually a railway vehicle. When it is mounted on, the position can be adjusted to a position where the distortion is minimized.

3) Embodiment Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2, the cab 2 is located at the front end of the railway vehicle 1.
Is installed. In this cab 2, a seat 3 for the operator M is arranged at a position closer to the left than a central portion in the left-right direction, and an instrument panel 4 is arranged in front of the seat. Further, in front of the cab 2, a windshield C used as a combiner is disposed between the lower vehicle body 5 and the ceiling 6 of the railway vehicle 1. The windshield C is arranged so as to incline downward as it goes forward,
Its inner surface is formed as a reflective concave surface having a positive optical power in the lateral direction (left-right direction).

The instrument panel 4 of the cab 2 is provided with an information / information projector K of a head-up display. As shown in FIG. 3, the information projecting device K has a casing 10 in which a dust cover fitting hole 10a and a plurality of dust cover fixing screw holes 10b are formed on the upper surface. As shown in FIG. 4, an optical member A and a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display tube D as an optical information display means are disposed in the casing 10. The display surface of the CRT display tube D is divided into, for example, 512 × 512 dot pixels, and necessary information (speed information, time information, etc.) is displayed by controlling the brightness of each pixel.

Instead of the CRT display tube D, it is also possible to adopt a flat optical information display means such as a liquid crystal display, a plasma display or a light emitting diode display.

The optical member A is composed of a lens system A1, a plane reflecting mirror A2, and a convex lens A3. The dust cover fitting hole 10a is fitted with a transparent plastic dust cover, that is, a cylindrical optical member 11 having a cylindrical rear surface and a flat surface (the dust cover 11 shown in FIG. 3). In the enlarged view of Fig. 3, the back surface is shown as being upward, and therefore the dust cover 11 shown in the enlarged view is fitted into the dust cover fitting hole 10a in a state where the dust cover 11 is turned upside down). The dust cover 11 includes a small cylindrical lens portion 11a and a large diameter flange portion 11b.
It is made by pouring a plastic material into a mold and molding it, and then cutting the peripheral part to leave a flange. The flange portion 11b is colored black and has a plurality of long holes 11c for mounting. Also, the cylindrical lens portion 11a
Is formed as a cylindrical concave lens having negative power so as to cancel out the positive power in the lateral direction of the windshield C reflecting surface. This is because the combined power of the lens system A1 and the convex lens A3 of this embodiment is set to an appropriate value when the windshield C has a flat plate shape. If set like this,
Since the setting is changed by the cylindrical concave surface having a positive power in the lateral direction of the windshield C, the dust cover (cylindrical optical member) 11 having a negative power in the lateral direction is used for compensation. .

The dust cover 11 has a cylindrical lens portion.
The peripheral side surface of 11a is positionally adjusted around its axis in a state of being fitted in the dust cover fitting hole 10, and the casing is in an appropriate position (that is, a position for compensating for distortion of display information due to the power of the windshield C). It is fixed at 10. And its fixing is the dust cover fixing screw hole.
This is performed by fixing the 10b and the long hole 11c with a screw (not shown).

The casing 10 to which the dust cover 11 is fixed is arranged so that the information display light L emitted from the CRT display tube D is incident on the windshield C.

The windshield C transmits part of the information display light L incident from the optical member A, and its cylindrical concave surface is arranged to reflect the rest of the information display light L toward the operator M. In addition, it is arranged so as to reflect a part of the external light J incident from the outside scene and the like and transmit the remaining part toward the operator M.

The casing 10, the optical member A, the CRT display tube D, and the dust cover 11 constitute an information projecting device K, and the windshield C functioning as the combiner, the information projecting device K, and the like. A head-up display H (see FIG. 1) is configured.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described.

The external ray J that has traveled from the outside world on the left side in FIG. 1 toward the windshield C is partly reflected by the windshield C to the outside world, and the rest passes through the windshield C as it is and goes straight. It reaches the eyes of the pilot M. This allows the pilot M
Can see the scene of the outside world as it is. on the other hand,
The information display light L emitted from the CRT display tube D of the information projector K passes through the optical member A and enters the windshield C. Then, the information display light L incident on the windshield C partially passes through the windshield C and is emitted to the outside, but the rest is reflected and reaches the eyes of the operator M. As a result, the operator M can visually recognize the information display light L. Then, the information display light L is diffused laterally by the cylindrical lens portion 11a of the dust cover 11, but is converged laterally (left-right direction) by the cylindrical concave surface of the windshield C. That is, the information display light L is previously compensated by the cylindrical lens portion 11a of the dust cover 11 by the amount of being converged in the lateral direction by the windshield C. Therefore, the information display light L visually recognized by the operator M has little distortion. Therefore, the operator M can easily visually recognize the information.

According to the above embodiment, the casing 10 of the information projector K
By providing the dust cover 11 provided in the above with the function of the cylindrical lens, the distortion of the display information caused by the windshield can be easily corrected without complicating the device.

Further, when the dust cover 11 is attached to the casing 10, the dust cover 11 can be positionally adjusted around its optical axis, so that the windshield is actually displayed by a head-up display while performing the position adjustment. It is possible to visually confirm the position where the distortion of the information display light caused by the reflection concave surface is minimized. Therefore, the dust cover 11 can be fixed at a position where the distortion of the information display light due to the windshield C is best compensated.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the present invention described in the scope of claims for utility model registration. It is possible to do.

For example, when the combined power in the vertical direction of the lens system A1 and the convex lens A3 of the above embodiment is set to be an appropriate value for the cylindrical concave windshield C having a positive power in the horizontal direction, Since, as a whole, the vertical power becomes insufficient, the cylindrical lens unit 11a may be configured to have positive vertical power by a cylindrical convex lens to compensate for the vertical power shortage. It is possible. In the above embodiment,
When the cylindrical concave surface of the windshield C has a positive power in the vertical direction instead of the horizontal direction, the cylindrical lens portion 11a is rotated by 90 degrees about the optical axis to obtain the positive power in the vertical direction. It is also possible to have a negative vertical power that cancels. Further, instead of giving the dust cover the function of a cylindrical convex lens or a cylindrical concave lens, the plane mirror A3 can be configured as a cylindrical convex mirror or a cylindrical concave mirror. In that case, those convex mirrors or concave mirrors may be arranged so that their positions can be adjusted.

C. Effect of the Invention The above-described head-up display of the present invention is a head-up display for railway vehicles that uses a windshield having different vertical and horizontal curvatures as a combiner. Since the cylindrical optical member for compensating for the difference in the ratio is provided, it is possible to visually recognize display information with less distortion. A cylindrical optical member such as a cylindrical mirror or a cylindrical lens can be easily manufactured, and the cylindrical mirror may be arranged in place of the flat mirror, and the cylindrical lens is used before the information display light is incident on the windshield. Since it may be inserted in the position, the structure does not become complicated.

Further, since the cylindrical optical member is capable of position adjustment around its optical axis, distortion of the information display light caused by the reflection concave surface of the windshield can be minimized while actually performing display on a head-up display and performing the position adjustment. You can visually check the position where the number decreases.
Therefore, the cylindrical optical member can be fixed at a position where the distortion of the information display light due to the windshield C is best compensated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory view of a first embodiment of a head-up display of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the same embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the main part of the same embodiment, and FIG. 4 is 4-4 of FIG.
FIG. A ... Optical member, C ... Windshield (combiner), D
... Optical information display means (CRT), H ... Head-up display, K ... Information projecting device, L ... Information display light, M ... Operator, 11 ... Cylindrical optical member (dust cover)

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An information projecting device comprising an optical information display means having a display surface for displaying information, and an optical member for projecting information display light emitted from the display surface in a predetermined direction. The information display light projected from the information projecting device is provided so as to be inclined to the front of the person, transmits the light rays from the outside world from the front side to the rear side so that the operator can visually recognize the scene of the outside world in front. In a head-up display for a railway vehicle having a windshield having a combiner function of reflecting in a direction visible to a driver, a reflecting surface of the windshield for reflecting the information display light is optically in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction. Different optical powers, the optical member is a cylindrical optical member that compensates for the difference in optical power between the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the windshield reflecting surface. And the cylindrical optical member head-up display for a railway vehicle, characterized in that it is adjustable in position disposed on the optical axis.