JP2518665B2 - Differential - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a differential device (differential device) for transmitting rotational power of an input shaft to drive shafts of both wheels.

(Prior Art) It is not necessary to explain the differential device that has been conventionally used here again, but the input gear attached to the tip of the input shaft meshes with the ring gear and faces the ring gear. The two fixed pinions mesh with the side gears of the left and right wheel drive shafts. When the vehicle goes straight, the pinion rotates together with the side gear, but when resistance acts on the axle on one side such as when the vehicle curves, the pinion rolls on the side gear on one side. The left and right axles can be provided with appropriate rotational speed differences.
Therefore, due to the characteristics of the differential gear, one wheel has ice,
When riding on snow, mud, etc. and idling, there is no resistance, so the driving force is transmitted more and the idling becomes more difficult.
It appears as a swinging phenomenon of the car body. If one wheel spins idle while stopped, the other wheels on a normal road surface will not move at all and will not start. Therefore, in order to solve such a phenomenon, in recent years, a clutch is automatically actuated to temporarily lock the differential mechanism when one of the wheels runs idle. Two or three forms of this type of clutch are also known, such as a differential lock system in which an electromagnetic clutch is used for complete locking, and a viscous clutch that utilizes the viscosity of oil such as silicone oil. method,
Further, a slip limit system or the like is used with a clutch having some slip. The viscous coupling is to prevent idling when a difference in rotation speed occurs between the two axles, the resistance increases in accordance with the difference in rotation speed. However, such a clutch has to be installed as a device completely different from the differential device, which makes the overall structure very complicated and also poses a weight problem.

(Object of the Invention) As described above, in the conventional differential device, when a large difference in rotation speed occurs between the wheels, a clutch for temporarily locking the differential function is provided as a special separate device. is required. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a differential device that can exhibit the same function in the differential device main body without using such a clutch.

(Configuration of the Present Invention) The differential device according to the present invention is configured with the following features. First, rotating the ring gear with the gear attached to the tip of the input shaft is the same as the conventional device,
Both gears are vertically engaged with each other. Then, the shafts are projected from the inner side surface of the ring gear to positions opposite to each other, and both shafts rotate around the center of the ring gear as the ring gear rotates. Of course, since the other end of the shaft is fixed and supported by the support, the support also rotates as the ring gear rotates. A planetary large gear corresponding to a pinion of the conventional device is rotatably supported on the shaft, and both planetary large gears are in mesh with each other.
Therefore, the size of the planetary gear corresponds to the distance between the two shafts. Moreover, the planetary small gear is concentrically fixed to the planetary large gear, and the planetary small gear meshes with the side gear attached to the axle end. The side gears are concentric with the ring gear, respectively located on both sides of the large planetary gear, and mesh with the small planetary gears. The basic configuration of the differential gear of the present invention is as described above. However, the differential gear directly uses gears meshing with each other, has a function as a gear pump, and resists oil flowing by the gear pump. By applying the torque, torque resistance is generated in the gear of the gear pump. That is, a casing covers gears that mesh with each other, the casing is filled with oil, and a hydraulic circuit that is closed from the outlet side to the inlet side is formed in accordance with the rotation direction of the gear, and is automatically controlled in the middle of the circuit. Install the flow rate adjustment valve. Here, as the gears that mesh with each other, both planetary large gears,
Alternatively, either a planetary small gear or a side gear may be used, and the type of the flow rate adjusting valve is arbitrary.

(Operation) In the differential device configured as described above, the input shaft rotates, and when the ring gear is rotated, the planetary large gear and the planetary small gear attached to the ring gear are also planetary together with the ring gear. Exercise. In this case, if the left and right axle resistances are the same, the planetary motion will cause the side gears to rotate, and the planetary large gears and planetary small gears meshing with each other will not rotate about their axes. But,
If the resistance acting on one axle is greater than the other,
One of the side gears stops, the large planetary gear and the small planetary gear not only perform a planetary motion but also a rotational motion about an axis, and if one planetary large gear performs a rotary planetary motion, The other planetary gear that meshes with each other also undergoes planetary motion with rotation in the opposite direction.
Therefore, only the other side gear, which is counter-rotating and meshes with the planetary small gear that performs planetary motion in the same direction, rotates. Such movement itself has the same function as a conventional differential device, but when the planetary large gears that are meshing with each other are covered with a casing and the function as a gear pump is given, one axle has a large resistance. When the side gears stop rotating, the large planetary gears rotate as described above. Therefore, if resistance is given to the rotation of the large planetary gear that serves as a gear pump by throttling the flow rate adjusting valve, the resistance acts on the stopped side gear and acts in the direction of rotating the side gear.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a differential device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a specific example of a differential device according to the present invention.
Is an input shaft, 2 is an input gear, 3 is a ring gear, 4 is a large planetary gear, 5 is a small planetary gear, and 6 is a side gear. As shown in the figure, the input gear 2 is attached to the tip of the input shaft 1,
A ring gear 3 which rotates about an axis orthogonal to the input shaft 1.
Is meshing with. Two shafts 8 and 8 project vertically from the inner side surface 7 of the ring gear 3, and both shafts 8 and 8 are provided at positions equidistant from the center of the ring gear 3 and facing each other. The other end of the shaft 8 is a collar formed on the main body 9.
It is fixed to a supporting body 12 which is rotatably supported by a bearing 11 attached to 10, and is in a fixed state at both ends. The planetary gear 4 and the planetary small gear 5 are attached to the shaft 8.
Are integrally supported by bearings 13, and the planetary large gears 4, 4 supported by the respective shafts 8 have the same size and mesh with each other. On the other hand, the planetary small gears 5 and 5 also mesh with the side gear 6 fixed to the end of the output shaft 14 which is also concentric with the ring gear 3 and attached. Therefore, if the input shaft 1 rotates, the input gear 2
The ring gear 3 rotates in the direction of the arrow, and if the resistance applied to the output shaft 14 is the same, both output shafts 14, 14 rotate in the direction of the arrow. In this case, the large planetary gears 4 and the small planetary gears 5 do not rotate, but once a large resistance acts on only one of the output shafts 14, the large planetary gears 4 and the small planetary gears 5 center on the shaft 8. Therefore, only the other output shaft 14 is rotated in order to perform the planetary motion while rotating. Therefore, the gear device can exert a function as a differential device.

The differential device of the present invention configures a gear pump using internal gears in order to prevent the other output shaft 14 from idling even when a large resistance acts on the one output shaft 14. are doing.

On the other hand, FIGS. 1 and 2 show the case where the gear pump 15 is constructed by using the planetary large gears 4 and 4, and the casing 16 covers both the planetary large gears 4 and 4, and the inflow port is provided in the casing 16. 17 and an outflow port 18 are formed, and these outflow ports 17 and 18 are connected by a hydraulic pipe 19 to form a closed hydraulic circuit.
A flow rate adjusting valve 20 is provided in the middle of the hydraulic pipe 19, and the amount of oil flowing through the hydraulic pipe 19 is controlled by the degree of opening / closing of the flow rate adjusting valve 20, which results in oil flow resistance. The rotational torque of the planetary large gears 4 and 4 which form the gear pump 15 is increased and decreased. That is, if the flow rate adjusting valve 20 is throttled, it becomes difficult for oil to flow, and the torque required to rotate the large planetary gears 4, 4 increases. The gear pump 15 is configured by using the planetary large gear 4, and rotates with the rotation of the ring gear 3.
It operates only when the large planetary gear 4 rotates while rotating, and when the vehicle is running straight, both output shafts 1
When the torques acting on 4 and 14 are the same, the gear pump 15 does not operate, a difference in torque resistance occurs between the output shafts 14 and 14, and only when the planetary large gear 4 has to rotate. To work. Although the large planetary gear 4 is used as a gear forming the gear pump 15 in the above embodiment, the small gear 5 and the side gear 6 may be used to form the gear pump 15. Then, the control of the flow rate adjusting valve 20 controls both outputs 14, 14
It can be automatically performed by detecting the difference in the number of rotations between them, or can be arbitrarily operated when necessary.

The differential gear according to the present invention should not be limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but it provides a differential function by a combination of gears that has not been seen in the past, and furthermore, by utilizing the gears that constitute the differential gear , Comprising a gear pump,
The following effects can be obtained.

(Effects) (1) The differential gear according to the present invention can be configured by combining a ring gear with a planetary large gear, a planetary small gear, and a side gear, each of which has a helical gear, and is configured using a conventional helical gear. The structure is simplified as compared with the case.

(2) Further, since such a helical gear or a spur gear is used, the gear pump can be configured using the gear. Since the gear pump can temporarily brake the differential mechanism, it can be used as a substitute for various conventional clutches. By using the gears that compose the differential device, it is possible to use special gears as in the conventional case. There is no need to install a clutch device. Therefore, it is structurally simple, light, and requires no special maintenance.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of a differential device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view and FIG. 2 is a side view. 1 ... Input shaft, 2 ... Input gear, 3 ... Ring gear, 4 ... Planetary large gear, 5 ... Planetary small gear, 6 ... Side gear, 7 ... Inner surface, 8 ... Shaft, 9 ... Main body, 10 …… Collar 11, 13 …… Bearing, 12 …… Support 14 …… Axle, 15 …… Gear pump 16 …… Casing, 17 …… Inlet 18 …… Outlet, 19 …… Hydraulic pipe 20 …… Flow rate adjustment valve

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A differential device for transmitting a rotational force from one input shaft to left and right output shafts, wherein two shafts are provided from an inner side surface of a ring gear which rotates by meshing with an input gear provided at an end of the input shaft. The shaft ends are fixed at symmetrical positions, and the shaft ends are fixed to a support member that is supported by the ring gear so as to face the ring gear. However, the planetary large gears on both shafts have the same size and mesh with each other, and moreover, the periphery of both planetary large gears is covered with a casing, and the casing is provided with an inlet and an outlet to form a gear pump. Is connected by a hydraulic pipe to form a closed hydraulic circuit, a flow rate adjusting valve is provided in the middle of the hydraulic pipe, and the planetary small gear is coaxial with the ring gear and the support and is connected to the main body. Fixed to the left and right output shaft ends that are rotatably supported Differential apparatus characterized by being respectively meshed with Idogia. 2. A differential device for transmitting a rotational force from one input shaft to left and right output shafts, wherein two shafts are provided from an inner side surface of a ring gear which rotates by meshing with an input gear provided at an input shaft end. The shaft ends are fixed at symmetrical positions, and the shaft ends are fixed to a support member that is supported by the ring gear so as to face the ring gear. The planetary large gears of both shafts are of the same size and mesh with each other, and the planetary small gears are concentric with the ring gear and the support body, and the left and right output shafts are rotatably supported by the main body. A casing covers the surroundings of the planetary small gear and the side gear that are in mesh with the side gears fixed to the ends, respectively, and the casing is provided with an inflow port and an outflow port to form a gear pump. Oil connected and closed Differential device forms the circuit, in the middle of the hydraulic pipes is characterized in that is provided with a flow control valve.