JP2502438B2 - Game device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a game device for displaying on a CRT a three-dimensional image of a terrain that changes according to a player's viewpoint movement in real time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a video game, due to its nature, it is important to display an image in quick response to an operation performed by a player. In order to realize this, conventionally, the following three types of techniques have been roughly classified.

First, a three-dimensional image viewed from the player's point of view is displayed as one picture in advance, and the player's viewpoint is moved by scrolling part or all of the picture vertically and horizontally. is there.

Next, a series of images by moving the viewpoint is previously set to 1
There is one that is created for each frame and stored in a laser disk or the like, and is played at the same time the game is started. According to this technique, a more accurate and beautiful image can be created.

Furthermore, a plane polygon surrounded by three or four points is arranged in the game space, and these polygons are combined to form a solid (car, mountain, person, etc.), and their data are stored. Is calculated by a CPU or the like to display a three-dimensional image. This technique is the most common, and a three-dimensional image can be displayed accurately in real time according to the player's movement of the viewpoint.

[0006]

The first technique is a technique that is generally used. However, since it is originally a single picture, it feels uncomfortable with a large viewpoint movement, May cause contradiction.

In the second technique, it is extremely difficult in time to display a beautiful image in real time during the game in accordance with the movement of the viewpoint by the player's operation.

Further, according to the third technique, a small polygon must be used in order to represent a curved surface by the polygon in a pseudo manner, and the amount of data becomes very large.
Along with this, the hardware configuration becomes complicated and expensive. Further, complicated and time-consuming calculations are required, which makes it difficult to form an image in real time.

On the other hand, ray tracing (ray tracing method)
By applying the software technique used in recent computer graphics to a game device, an accurate three-dimensional image can be displayed.

However, in such a method, since it takes time to process data, expensive hardware equivalent to a workstation is required to create an image that changes in real time in real time, which is not practical. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and responds quickly to a player's viewpoint movement without using expensive hardware, and a three-dimensional image of the terrain set in the game space. It is an object of the present invention to provide a game device that displays a game in real time.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has three terrains which are set in advance in a game space and which change in accordance with a player's viewpoint position and movement of the line of sight. In a game device in which a three-dimensional image is horizontally scanned for each pixel and the horizontal scanning is repeated vertically for one screen and displayed on a display means, elevation data of each point of the terrain in the coordinate system of the game space and A storage unit for storing color data of each point, and a display starting point of the display means in the coordinate system of the game space when the elevation of the terrain is assumed to be constant from the viewpoint position and the line-of-sight direction of the player. A calculation unit for calculating the pixel interval, and obtaining each point of the terrain corresponding to each pixel of the display means from the display start point and the pixel interval, and the line-of-sight direction of the player. And a correction unit that converts the elevation data of the point into vertical coordinates on the display unit by using each point of the terrain obtained by the calculation unit, and the display unit based on the converted elevation data. In each pixel of the same coordinates in the horizontal direction, a color data output unit for outputting the color data of the point closest to the player's viewpoint position in the color data of the obtained point is provided. (Claim 1).

Further, the color data output unit compares, for each horizontal scanning of the display means, the converted elevation data corresponding to each pixel having the same coordinates up to the horizontal scanning, and corresponds to the maximum value. The color data of the spot to be output is output to each pixel of the same coordinates (claim 2).

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, altitude data and color data of each point of the terrain preset in the game space are stored. Then, the display start point and the pixel interval of the display means in the coordinate system of the game space are calculated from the viewpoint position and the line-of-sight direction depending on the operation of the player, assuming that the altitude of the terrain is constant. Each point on the terrain corresponding to each pixel of the display means is obtained from the display start point and the pixel interval. Further, using the player's line-of-sight direction and each point of the obtained topography, the altitude data of the point is converted into vertical coordinates on the display means. Then, based on the converted elevation data, the color data of the point closest to the player's viewpoint position in the color data of the determined point is displayed in each pixel of the same coordinates in the horizontal direction of the display means. Is output.

According to the second aspect of the invention, for each horizontal scanning of the display means, the converted elevation data corresponding to each pixel of the same coordinates up to the horizontal scanning is compared,
The color data of the point corresponding to the maximum value is output to each pixel at the same coordinates on the display means.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of a game device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic control configuration of a game device according to the present invention. The input device 1 is composed of levers, switches, etc.
The operation is performed while looking at the image displayed on the RT 8, and an operation signal obtained according to the operation is output to the control device 10.

The control device 10 is composed of a microcomputer, a logic circuit, etc., and controls the operation of this game device. The control device 10 includes a viewpoint calculation unit 2, an address calculation unit 3, a storage unit 4, a coordinate conversion unit 5, and color data. The determining unit 6, the frame buffer 7, the CRT synchronizing circuit 20, and the like are provided.

The viewpoint calculation unit 2 calculates the viewpoint position and the line-of-sight direction of the player based on the operation signal input from the input device 1. For example, according to the amount of turning the lever, the line-of-sight direction swings to the left and right and the viewpoint position also moves left and right, while pulling the lever causes the line-of-sight direction to face upward and the viewpoint position to rise.

The address calculation unit 3 calculates address data for selecting the topographical data stored in the storage unit 4 for each coordinate on the CRT 8 described in the CRT synchronizing circuit 20 described later. .

The storage unit 4 stores the data of the terrain set in the game space. The storage unit 4 has an altitude data storage unit 4a for storing the altitude data corresponding to each point and a color for storing the color data of each point. It has a data storage unit 4b. Then, the altitude data corresponding to each point is output to the coordinate conversion unit 5, and the color data of each point is output to the color data determination unit 6.

The coordinate conversion unit 5 uses the CRT 8 to obtain color data of each point from the viewpoint position, line-of-sight direction and altitude data of the player, which are input from the viewpoint calculation unit 2 and the altitude data storage unit 4a.
It is converted to the upper coordinates.

The color data determination unit 6 determines which color each coordinate on the CRT 8 is in, depending on the topography and the like of the terrain. The frame buffer 7 temporarily stores color data, and rotates and moves the coordinates as necessary to C
It is designed to output to RT8.

The CRT synchronizing circuit 20 includes the h,
This is a circuit that counts and outputs the coordinate values H and V of the v-axis. When the count number reaches a predetermined value, a synchronizing signal is output and the count number is reset to zero. That is, the horizontal synchronizing signal is output when moving from one scanning line to the next scanning line, and the vertical synchronizing signal is output when one field is completed.

The signal output from the CRT synchronizing circuit 20 is input to the address calculation unit 3, the storage unit 4, the coordinate conversion unit 5, the color data determination unit 6 and the frame buffer 7.

The color data determined by the color data determination unit 6 is temporarily stored in the frame buffer 7 and then output to the CRT 8 in synchronization with these synchronization signals.
A three-dimensional image is displayed.

FIG. 2 shows the coordinate system used to describe this embodiment. FIG. 2A shows a viewpoint coordinate system in which the player's viewpoint position is the origin and the line-of-sight direction is coordinates (x, y, z).
2B is a CRT coordinate system, the position on the CRT 8 is represented by coordinates (h, v), and FIG. 2C is a virtual space coordinate system, which is the topography and play set in the game space. The viewpoint position of the person is represented by coordinates (a, b, c). The coordinate systems appearing in the following description are shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c).
Is based on.

The calculation of the virtual space address displayed on the CRT 8 by the address calculation unit 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of the address calculation unit 3.

The address arithmetic unit 3 includes a first arithmetic circuit 3a,
It is composed of a second arithmetic circuit 3b, a third arithmetic circuit 3c and a fourth arithmetic circuit 3d.

The first arithmetic circuit 3a receives the height (c-axis component) of the viewpoint position and x in the direction of the line of sight input from the viewpoint arithmetic unit 2.
From the axis component, the display start point which is the virtual space coordinate of the first dot displayed on the scanning line on the CRT 8 and the pixel interval which is the space of the virtual space coordinate between the displayed dots are calculated. The calculation is performed for each scanning line in synchronization with the input horizontal synchronizing signal.

The second arithmetic circuit 3b corrects the arithmetic result of the first arithmetic circuit 3a by the y-axis component of the line-of-sight direction input from the viewpoint arithmetic unit 2, and the horizontal synchronizing signal input from the CRT synchronizing circuit 20. The calculation is performed for each scanning line in synchronization with.

The third arithmetic circuit 3c determines the second arithmetic circuit 3 according to the a and b axis components of the viewpoint position input from the viewpoint arithmetic unit 2.
It further corrects the calculation result of b.
The calculation is performed for each scanning line in synchronization with the horizontal synchronization signal input from 0.

The fourth arithmetic circuit 3d calculates a virtual space address for each pixel displayed on the CRT 8 from the display start point and the pixel interval obtained as described above.
The calculation is performed for each h-axis coordinate value H input from the CRT synchronizing circuit 20.

First, regarding the calculation of the first calculation circuit 3a,
This will be described with reference to FIG. 4A and 4B are explanatory views of a virtual space coordinate system for deriving an arithmetic expression. FIG. 4A is a bc plane, and FIG. 4B is a.
The b-plane is shown. The viewpoint position of the player is (0,
0, C ₀ ), the line-of-sight direction is (X, 0, 0), the angle formed by the line segment connecting the viewpoint position (0, 0, C ₀ ) and the lower end of the CRT 8 with the c-axis is θx, and the ground surface is c = 0, Viewpoint position (0, 0,
The distance from C ₀ ) to the CRT 8 is L.

From FIG. 4A, V / (B ₂ cos θx) = L / (C ₀ / cos θx + B ₂ sin θx) (1) Therefore, B ₂ = V · C ₀ / {(Lcosθx−Vsinθx) cosθx} (2), so that the point B ₁ on the coordinate V of the CRT 8 is B ₁ = B ₂ + C ₀ on the bc plane. tan θx = V · C ₀ / {(Lcos θx−Vsin θx) cos θx} + C ₀ tan θx (3)

On the other hand, from FIG. 4B, A ₁ / H = B ₁ / (Lsin θx) (4) Therefore, the point A ₁ on the coordinate H of the CRT ₈ is ab
On the plane, it is expressed by A ₁ = B ₁ · H / (Lsinθx) (5).

Based on the above arithmetic expression, the first arithmetic circuit 3
The pixel starting point (Ap ₀ , Bp ₀ ) of the CRT 8 in the virtual space coordinates and the pixel interval Da in the a-axis direction displayed by the scanning line by a are calculated for each scanning line of the CRT 8.

The coordinate Bp ₀ is obtained by substituting the coordinate value V of the v-axis into the equation (3), and Bp ₀ = B ₁ (6)

Further, the pixel interval Da can be calculated by using the equation (5) as 1
It is a standard unit of dots and can be obtained by Da = A ₁ / H (7).

If the center of the screen of the CRT 8 is H = 0 as a reference and the number of display dots in the horizontal direction is W, the coordinates Ap
₀ is obtained by Ap ₀ = Da × (−W / 2) (8). For example, if W = 640, Ap ₀ = Da × (−320) (9)

The pixel spacing Db in the b direction displayed by the scanning line is always Db = 0 because the line-of-sight direction (X, 0, 0) is the b-axis direction in virtual space coordinates.

Here, examples of images displayed on the CRT 8 are shown in FIGS. FIG. 5A is a virtual space coordinate system when the player's viewpoint position is (0, 0, C ₀ ), FIG.
Is an image displayed on the CRT 8 in the line-of-sight direction (0 °, 0, 0). Similar to FIG. 5A, FIG. 6A is a virtual space coordinate system at the player's viewpoint position (0, 0, C ₀ ), and FIG. 6B is a line-of-sight direction (X, 0, 0). CR when
It is an image displayed at T8.

In FIG. 5, the ground is viewed vertically, so CR
At T8, the grid-shaped topography is displayed as it is. On the other hand, in FIG. 6, the ground is seen tilted in the b-axis direction,
On the CRT 8, grid-like terrain is displayed so as to have perspective in three dimensions.

Next, the calculation of the second calculation circuit 3b will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7A shows coordinates displayed on the CRT 8 in the virtual space when the player's viewpoint position (0,0, C ₀ ) and line-of-sight direction (X, 0,0), FIG. 7B.
[Fig. 3] is a partially enlarged view of (a). FIG. 8A shows the coordinates displayed on the CRT 8 in the virtual space when the line-of-sight direction is changed to (X, Y, 0) while the player's viewpoint position (0, 0, C ₀ ) remains unchanged. FIG. 6B is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 8, the line-of-sight direction is (X, Y,
0), the display start point (Ap ₁ , Bp ₁ ) and the pixel spacings Da ₁ , Db ₁ in the a and b directions are Ap ₁ = Ap ₀ · cos θy + Bp ₀ · sin θy (10) Bp ₁ = Bp ₀ · cos θy −Ap ₀ · sin θy (11) Da ₁ = Da · cos θy + Db · sin θy (12) Db ₁ = Db · cos θy −Da · sin θy (13) Note that θy is the angle around the y axis in the viewpoint coordinate system. Further, as described above, Db = 0.

From the expressions (10) to (13), the display start points (Ap ₁ , Bp ₁ ) and a, which take into account the y-axis component in the line-of-sight direction,
Pixel intervals Da ₁ and Db _{1 in the} b direction are obtained.

When the viewpoint position is (A ₀ , B ₀ , C ₀ ), the display start point (Ap ₂ , Bp ₂ ) is Ap ₂ = Ap ₁ + A ₀ by the third arithmetic circuit 3c. (14) Bp ₂ = Bp ₁ + B ₀ (15)

Next, in the fourth arithmetic circuit 3d, at the display start point (Ap ₂ , Bp ₂ ) and on the same scanning line, from the pixel interval Da ₁ , Db ₁ to the dot to be displayed next, to the CRT 8
The virtual space addresses Ak and Bk displayed for each pixel are calculated for each h-axis coordinate value H input from the CRT synchronizing circuit 20.

That is, at the display starting point (Ap ₂ , Bp ₂ ),
By adding the pixel intervals Da ₁ and Db ₁ for each coordinate value H, the virtual space address is Ak = Ap ₂ + H · Da ₁ (16) Bk = Bp ₂ + H · Db ₁ (17) Becomes

As described above, the virtual space address for each pixel displayed on the CRT 8 is calculated from the display start point and the pixel interval.

Next, the coordinate conversion of the altitude data in the coordinate conversion unit 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an image displayed on the CRT 8,
(A) shows four rods which are symmetric with respect to the origin and which stand vertically on the ground, (b) is an image when (a) is accurately expressed, and (c) is a CRT8 on this game device. This is the displayed image. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a virtual space coordinate system for explaining the arithmetic expression, and shows the bc plane.

When the four bars standing vertically on the ground as shown in FIG. 9 (a) are viewed from above, an image representing the perspective of the bars as shown in FIG. 9 (b) is displayed accurately. However, in this game device, as shown in FIG. 9C, an image of each stick viewed from directly above is displayed. As described above, in this game device, the perspective of the altitude depending on the viewing angle is not expressed, and the altitude is expressed only perpendicularly to the CRT coordinates.

In FIG. 10, assuming that the height of the rod is H ₁ , V ₁ = Ltan [arctan {B ₁ / (C ₀ −H ₁ )} − θx] −Ltan {arctan (B ₁ / C ₀ ) − θx} = LB ₁ H ₁ / {C ₀ (C ₀ −H ₁ ) cos ² θx + B ₁ (2C ₀ −H ₁ ) sin θx cos θx + B ₁ ² sin ² θx} (18) Therefore, H ₁ = V ₁ { C ₀ (C ₀ −H ₁ ) cos ² θx + B ₁ (2C ₀ −H ₁ ) sin θx cos θx + B ₁ ² sin ² θx} / LB ₁ (19)

Here, as described above, since the perspective of altitude is not expressed, the altitude data for the coordinate value V of the CRT 8 simplifies the equation (19) and is proportional to sin θx and inversely proportional to B _1. , It was found that if the coefficient was set to K = sin θx / B ₁ (20), it could be expressed on the actual screen of the CRT 8 without any discomfort. Therefore, in this game device, the coefficient K of the equation (20) is adopted instead of the above H ₁ .

FIG. 11 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of the coordinate conversion section 5. The coordinate conversion unit 5 includes a coefficient calculation unit 5a, a multiplier 5b, and an adder 5c.

The coefficient calculation unit 5a calculates the coefficient K shown in the equation (20) from the x-axis component in the line-of-sight direction input from the viewpoint calculation unit 2 and the value of B ₁ input from the address calculation unit 3. It is to be calculated.

The multiplier 5b multiplies the altitude data R input from the altitude data storage unit 4a by the coefficient K. The adder 5c adds C to the result obtained by the multiplier 5b.
Coordinate value V at this time input from the RT synchronization circuit 20
Is to be added.

Next, the procedure of coordinate conversion of altitude data will be described. First, the CR operation is performed by the coefficient calculation unit 5a for each scanning line.
Calculate the coefficient K of the elevation data for the coordinate value V of T8,
The altitude data R input from the altitude data storage unit 4a and the coefficient K are multiplied by the multiplier 5b, and then the adder 5c is added.
Then, the coordinate value V at that time is added, and the elevation data Rv converted into the v-axis coordinate on the CRT 8 is generated by Rv = K · R + V (21) and is output to the color data determination unit 6. .

Next, the circuit operation in determining the color data to be displayed on the CRT 8 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 12 is a circuit block diagram showing the color data determination unit 6 composed of a logic circuit.

The first RAM 11 stores the maximum value Rmax of the altitude data of the same H coordinate from the previous vertical synchronization signal. The comparator 15 includes the first RAM 11
The height data Rmax stored in the above is compared with the height data Rv input from the coordinate conversion unit 5. For example, when Rmax <Rv, the “H” level, and when Rmax ≧ Rv, the “L” level. It outputs the control signal of. If Rmax <Rv, the control signal from the comparator 15 rewrites Rmax via the selector 16.

The fourth RAM 14 stores the altitude data Rmax and its color data S. The second RAM 12 for the write pointer specifies the write address for storing the above data in the fourth RAM 14 via the selector 18, and the address along with the coordinate value H input from the CRT synchronizing circuit 20. Has been decided.

The adder 17a adds a numerical value to the second RAM 12 according to the level of the control signal input from the comparator 15. When the comparison in the comparator 15 is Rmax <Rv, 1 is added. Second RAM1
2 is incremented, while when Rmax ≧ Rv, 0
And the contents of the second RAM 12 are maintained as they are.

The third RAM 13 for the read pointer is
The address for reading each of the above data from the fourth RAM 14 is designated through the selector 18, and CR
The address is determined together with the coordinate value H input from the T synchronization circuit 20.

The comparator 19 compares the read altitude data Rmax with the coordinate value V of the v-axis input from the CRT synchronizing circuit 20 at this time.
= V for'H 'level, Rmax> V for'L'
It is designed to output a level signal. Since the coordinate value V is added as shown in the equation (21), Rmax <V does not hold.

The adder 17b adds a numerical value to the third RAM 13 according to the signal level input from the comparator 19, and in the comparison in the comparator 19, R
When max = V, the third RA is added by adding 1.
Increment M13, and in the next scan line, the fourth R
The data at the next address position of the AM 14 is read out.

On the other hand, when Rmax> V, the adder 17b
By adding 0, the contents of the third RAM 13 are retained as they are.

The first, second and third RAMs 11, 1
2 and 13 are cleared by a vertical synchronizing signal input from the CRT synchronizing circuit 20.

The frame buffer 7 is the fourth RAM 1
The color data S input from 4 is temporarily stored, and the coordinates are rotated and moved with respect to the CRT 8 and output to the CRT 8 as required, so that a desired three-dimensional image is displayed. .

Next, the procedure for determining the color data S will be described. First, the maximum value Rmax of the altitude data stored in the first RAM 11 and the magnitude of the altitude data Rv input from the coordinate conversion unit 5 are compared by the comparator 15 for each coordinate value H. If Rmax <Rv, Rv <Rv Is rewritten as Rmax, and R
If max ≧ Rv, the ground surface at that point cannot be seen, so this elevation data Rv and the corresponding color data S stored in the color data storage unit 4b are not used.

At the same time, the altitude data Rmax and the color data S are stored in the fourth RAM 14. The storage address at this time is determined by the coordinate value H at that time input from the CRT synchronizing circuit 20 and the second RAM 12.

If Rmax <Rv, the adder 17a
By this, the second RAM 12 is incremented, and the address of the next scanning line is moved by 1. On the other hand, when Rmax ≧ Rv, the second RAM 12 is left as it is and the same address is written in the next scanning line. Becomes

On the other hand, the altitude data Rmax and the color data S stored in the fourth RAM 14 are the coordinate value H and the third R.
It is read according to the address designated by AM13.

The read color data S is temporarily stored in the frame buffer 7, and its coordinates are rotated or the like if necessary, and displayed on the CRT 8.

The read altitude data Rmax is compared with the coordinate value V in magnitude, and if Rmax = V, the third RA
M13 is incremented and the same coordinate value H of the next scanning line
Then, the data of the next address is read.

On the other hand, if Rmax> V, the third RAM 1
With the same coordinate value H of the next scanning line, the same color data S is displayed on the CRT 8 while the data of 3 is unchanged.

Next, the general procedure for determining the color data described above will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 13. First, from the operation of the player applied to the lever or switch of the interface section 1, the viewpoint calculation section 2 is operated. The player's viewpoint position and line-of-sight direction are calculated (step S
1). Next, the address calculation unit 3 calculates the virtual space address to be displayed on the CRT 8 (step S2).

Next, the coordinate conversion unit 5 performs coordinate conversion of the altitude data (step S3). And CR
Determine the color data to be displayed at T8 (step S
4).

The image obtained as described above is shown in FIG. FIG. 14A is a diagram showing an image temporarily stored in the frame buffer 7, and FIG. 14B is a diagram showing an image displayed on the CRT 8 by rotating the coordinates.

The frame buffer 7 may be omitted if it is not necessary to rotate or move the coordinates. In that case, when it is necessary to invert the coordinates of h and v when outputting a signal from the color data determination unit 6 to the CRT 8, C
RT8 with the h, v inversion function added may be used.

As described above, by repeating the operation of the color data determining section 6 for each scanning line (horizontal synchronizing signal), the color data of the ground surface can be appropriately determined according to the altitude data.

Further, all the operations including receiving the operation signal of the player are performed in one field (vertical synchronization signal).
By repeating this for each time, a three-dimensional image of the terrain corresponding to the operation of the player can be displayed on the CRT 8 in real time.

[0081]

As described above, according to the present invention, the terrain is set in advance in the game space, and the three-dimensional image of the terrain, which changes according to the player's viewpoint position and movement in the line-of-sight direction, is horizontally scanned for each pixel. In addition, in the game device which repeats this horizontal scanning vertically for one screen and displays it on the display means, the memory stores the altitude data of each point of the terrain in the coordinate system of the game space and the color data of each point. Section, the display start point and the pixel interval of the display means in the coordinate system of the game space are calculated when the elevation of the terrain is assumed to be constant from the player's viewpoint position and line-of-sight direction. And a calculation section for obtaining each point of the terrain corresponding to each pixel of the display means from the pixel interval, and a line-of-sight direction of the player and each of the terrain obtained by the calculation section. Using a point, a correction unit for converting the elevation data of the point on the vertical coordinates on the display means,
Based on the converted elevation data, the color data of the point closest to the player's viewpoint position in the color data of the obtained point is set to each pixel of the same coordinates in the horizontal direction of the display means. Since it has a color data output unit for outputting, a three-dimensional image of the terrain is displayed in real time according to the player's viewpoint position and movement of the line of sight, without using complicated and expensive hardware such as an ultra-high speed computer. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic control configuration of a game device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a coordinate system used in the description of the present embodiment, in which (a) is a viewpoint coordinate system, where the player's viewpoint position is the origin and the line-of-sight direction is coordinates (x, y, z). , (B) is C
In the RT coordinate system, the position on the CRT 8 is represented by coordinates (h, v), and (c) is a virtual space coordinate system in which the topography set in the game space and the viewpoint position of the player are coordinates (a, b,). c).

FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of an address calculation unit.

4A and 4B are explanatory views of a virtual space coordinate system for deriving an arithmetic expression. FIG. 4A shows a bc plane and FIG. 4B shows an ab plane.

5A is a virtual space coordinate system at a player's viewpoint position (0, 0, C ₀ ), and FIG. 5B is a visual line direction (0 °, 0,
It is an image displayed on the CRT 8 in the case of 0).

6A is a virtual space coordinate system at a player's viewpoint position (0, 0, C ₀ ), and FIG. 6B is a line-of-sight direction (X, 0,
It is an image displayed on the CRT 8 in the case of 0).

FIG. 7 (a) is a player's viewpoint position (0, 0, C ₀ ),
Coordinates displayed on the CRT in the virtual space in the line-of-sight direction (X, 0, 0), (b) is a partially enlarged view of (a).

FIG. 8A shows coordinates displayed on a CRT in the virtual space when the line-of-sight direction is changed to (X, Y, 0) while the player's viewpoint position (0, 0, C ₀ ) is unchanged. , (B) is (a)
FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an image displayed on a CRT, where (a) shows four bars that are symmetric with respect to the origin and perpendicular to the ground, and (b) shows (a) exactly. (C) is an image displayed on the CRT in this game device.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a virtual space coordinate system for explaining an arithmetic expression, showing a bc plane.

FIG. 11 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of a coordinate conversion unit.

FIG. 12 is a circuit block diagram showing a color data determination unit including a logic circuit.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a schematic procedure for determining color data.

14A is a diagram showing an image temporarily stored in the frame buffer 7, and FIG. 14B is a diagram showing an image displayed on the CRT 8 by rotating the coordinates in FIG. 14A.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input device 2 Viewpoint arithmetic unit 3 Address arithmetic unit 3a First arithmetic circuit 3b Second arithmetic circuit 3c Third arithmetic circuit 3d Fourth arithmetic circuit 4 Storage unit 4a Elevation data storage unit 4b Color data storage unit 5 Coordinate conversion unit 5a Coefficient Operation unit 5b Multiplier 5c Adder 6 Color data determination unit 7 Frame buffer 8 CRT 10 Control device 11 First RAM 12 Second RAM 13 Third RAM 14 Fourth RAM 15, 19 Comparator 16, 18 Selector 17a, 17b Adder 20 CRT synchronization circuit

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A terrain is set in advance in a game space, and a three-dimensional image of the terrain, which changes in accordance with a player's viewpoint position and movement of the line of sight , is horizontally scanned for each pixel.
At the same time, this horizontal scanning is repeated for one screen in the vertical direction.
In the game apparatus for displaying on the display unit Te, the game
When it is assumed that the elevation of the terrain is constant from the storage unit that stores the elevation data of each point of the terrain and the color data of each point in the coordinate system of space, and the viewpoint position and the line-of-sight direction of the player. The above table in the game space coordinate system
The display start point of the display means and the pixel interval are calculated, and this table
From the display start point and the pixel interval , each pixel of the above display means
A calculation unit for determining the various points of the terrain corresponding to Le, each of the terrain obtained in line-of-sight direction and the operation of the player
Use the points to display the altitude data of
The correction unit that converts the vertical coordinates on the step and the converted mark
Based on the high data, the same horizontal display of the display means
In each pixel of the mark, within the color data of the above obtained point
Is the color data of the point closest to the player's viewpoint position
And a color data output section for outputting the game data. 2. The color data output section is provided in the display means.
For each horizontal scan, each pixel at the same coordinates up to that horizontal scan
Compare the above converted elevation data corresponding to xels,
Color data of the point corresponding to the maximum value of the same coordinates above
Claim to output to each pixel
Item 1. A game device according to item 1 .