JP2024040663A - Feed material for aquatic animal - Google Patents
Feed material for aquatic animal Download PDFInfo
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- JP2024040663A JP2024040663A JP2022145145A JP2022145145A JP2024040663A JP 2024040663 A JP2024040663 A JP 2024040663A JP 2022145145 A JP2022145145 A JP 2022145145A JP 2022145145 A JP2022145145 A JP 2022145145A JP 2024040663 A JP2024040663 A JP 2024040663A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、水産動物の飼料用の材料等に関する。 The present invention relates to materials for use as feed for aquatic animals.
近年、水産動物用飼料の主成分である魚粉の価格が高騰している。その原因としては、魚粉の原料となる南米産のアジやイワシの漁獲量が減少していること、世界的な人口増加により、高コストの養殖魚が増えていること、等が挙げられる。このため、魚粉代替物が求められている。魚粉代替物として、例えば、微細藻類、単細胞タンパク質、大豆油粕、濃縮大豆タンパク質、麦芽タンパク質、コーングルテンミール、トウモロコシ蒸留粕、ナタネ油粕、肉粉、フェザーミール、血粉、酒かすが挙げられる。しかしながら、それらの魚粉代替物は、魚への嗜好性が低く、成長効率が低くなるという問題があった。 In recent years, the price of fishmeal, which is the main component of feed for aquatic animals, has soared. Reasons for this include a decline in the catch of horse mackerel and sardines from South America, which are used as raw materials for fishmeal, and an increase in high-cost farmed fish due to global population growth. Therefore, fishmeal substitutes are needed. Examples of fishmeal substitutes include microalgae, single-cell protein, soybean oil cake, concentrated soy protein, malt protein, corn gluten meal, corn distillers' cake, rapeseed meal, meat meal, feather meal, blood meal, and sake lees. However, these fishmeal substitutes have a problem of low palatability to fish and low growth efficiency.
特許文献1には、魚粉代替材料として、褐藻類に米糠を配合して麹菌培養することを含む方法により得られる材料を使用することが提案されている。しかしながら、この材料は、複数の原料を使用した菌培養を経て得られており、高コストである。 Patent Document 1 proposes the use of a material obtained by a method including blending brown algae with rice bran and culturing Aspergillus oryzae as a fishmeal substitute material. However, this material is obtained through bacterial culture using multiple raw materials and is expensive.
本開示は、魚粉代替材料となる、水産動物の飼料用の材料を提供することを課題とする。 An object of the present disclosure is to provide a feed material for aquatic animals that can be used as a substitute for fishmeal.
本発明者は鋭意研究を進めた結果、ハエ下目の昆虫の分泌物を含有する、水産動物の飼料用の材料、であれば、上記課題を解決できることを見出した。本発明者はこの知見に基づいてさらに研究を進めた結果、本発明を完成させた。即ち、本発明は、下記の態様を包含する。 As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using a feed material for aquatic animals that contains the secretions of insects of the order Hyphae. The present inventor conducted further research based on this knowledge and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention includes the following aspects.
項1. ハエ下目の昆虫の分泌物を含有する、水産動物の飼料用の材料。 Item 1. A feed material for aquatic animals containing the secretions of insects of the order Hyphae.
項2. 前記昆虫がミバエ上科の昆虫である、項1に記載の材料。 Item 2. Item 2. The material according to item 1, wherein the insect is an insect of the superfamily Fruitfly.
項3. 前記昆虫の飼料を含有する、項1又は2に記載の材料。 Item 3. Item 3. The material according to item 1 or 2, which contains feed for the insect.
項4. 前記昆虫の飼料が植物由来繊維質飼料を含有する、項3に記載の材料。 Item 4. 4. The material according to item 3, wherein the insect feed contains a plant-derived fibrous feed.
項5. 前記昆虫が幼虫である、項1~4のいずれかに記載の材料。 Item 5. 5. The material according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the insect is a larva.
項6. 前記昆虫の飼育残渣である、項5に記載の材料。 Item 6. Item 5. The material according to item 5, which is the residue of breeding of the insect.
項7. 前記水産動物が魚類又は甲殻類である、項1~6のいずれかに記載の材料。 Section 7. Item 7. The material according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the aquatic animal is a fish or a crustacean.
項8. ハエ下目の昆虫を飼料中で育成し、前記飼料から前記昆虫を分離する工程を含む、項1~7のいずれかに記載の材料を製造する方法。 Section 8. Item 8. A method for producing the material according to any one of Items 1 to 7, comprising the steps of growing insects of the order Hyphae in feed and separating the insects from the feed.
項9. 項1~7のいずれかに記載の材料を含有する、水産動物用飼料。 Item 9. Feed for aquatic animals containing the material according to any one of Items 1 to 7.
項10. 前記材料の含有量が0.5~30質量%である、項9に記載の水産動物用飼料。 Item 10. Item 9. The aquatic animal feed according to Item 9, wherein the content of the material is 0.5 to 30% by mass.
項11. 項9又は10に記載の水産動物用飼料を水産動物に給飼することを含む、水産動物を製造する方法。 Item 11. A method for producing an aquatic animal, which comprises feeding the aquatic animal the feed for an aquatic animal according to Item 9 or 10.
本開示によれば、魚粉代替材料となる、水産動物の飼料用の材料、当該材料を製造する方法、当該材料を含有する水産動物用飼料、等を提供することができる。 According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a material for aquatic animal feed that serves as a fishmeal substitute, a method for producing the material, an aquatic animal feed containing the material, and the like.
1.定義
本明細書中おいて、「含有」及び「含む」なる表現については、「含有」、「含む」、「実質的にからなる」及び「のみからなる」という概念を含む。
1. Definitions In this specification, the expressions "contain" and "including" include the concepts of "containing,""including,""consisting essentially of," and "consisting only of."
本明細書において、「及び/又は」なる表現は、「及び」と「又は」の両方の概念を含む。すなわち、「A及び/又はB」は、A単独、B単独、AとBの組合せの概念を含む。同様に、「且つ/或いは」なる表現は、「且つ」と「或いは」の両方の概念を含む。すなわち、「A且つ/或いはB」は、A単独、B単独、AとBの組合せの概念を含む。 As used herein, the expression "and/or" includes the concepts of both "and" and "or." That is, "A and/or B" includes the concepts of A alone, B alone, and a combination of A and B. Similarly, the expression "and/or" includes the concepts of both "and" and "or." That is, "A and/or B" includes the concepts of A alone, B alone, and a combination of A and B.
2.水産動物の飼料用材料
本開示は、一実施形態として、ハエ下目の昆虫の分泌物を含有する、水産動物の飼料用の材料(本明細書において、「本開示の飼料用材料」と示すこともある。)を提供する。以下、これについて説明する。
2. Feed material for aquatic animals In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a feed material for aquatic animals (herein referred to as "feed material of the present disclosure") containing secretions of insects of the order Hyphae. ). This will be explained below.
ハエ下目(Muscomorpha)は、ハエ目ハエ亜目(Diptera、Brachycera)に属する分類群である。ハエ目ハエ亜目には、ハエ下目以外に、ミズアブ下目(Stratiomyomorpha)、キアブ下目(Xylophagomorpha)、及びアブ下目(Tabanomorpha)が存在しており、ハエ下目はミズアブ下目、キアブ下目、及びアブ下目とは異なる分類群である。ハエ目ハエ亜目の分類は、本出願時点におけるTree of Life Web Project(http://tolweb.org/)に従う。 Muscomorpha is a taxonomic group belonging to the suborder Diptera and Brachycera. In order of the order Hymenoptera, there are other orders besides the infraorder, Stratiomyomorpha, Xylophagomorpha, and Tabanomorpha; It is a different taxonomic group from the infraorder and the infraorder. The classification of the order Hymenoptera follows the Tree of Life Web Project (http://tolweb.org/) at the time of this application.
ハエ下目としては、具体的には、例えば環縫群(Cyclorrhapha)、ツリアブモドキ上科(Nemestrinoidea)、ムシヒキアブ上科(Asiloidea)、オドリバエ上科(Empidoidea)等が挙げられ、好ましくは環縫群が挙げられる。環縫群としては、具体的には、例えば無額嚢節(Aschiza)、額嚢節(Schizophora)等が挙げられ、好ましくは額嚢節が挙げられる。額嚢節としては、具体的には、例えば無弁翅亜節(Acalyptratae)、弁翅亜節(Calyptratae)等が挙げられ、好ましくは無弁翅亜節が挙げられる。無弁翅亜節としては、具体的には、例えばミバエ上科(Tephritoidea)、アシナガヤセバエ上科(Nerioidea)、シュモクバエ上科(Diopsoidea)、メバエ上科(Conopoidea)、シマバエ上科(Lauxanioidea)、ヤチバエ上科(Sciomyzoidea)、ヒメコバエ上科(Opomyzoidea)、キモグリバエ上科(Carnoidea)、ハヤトビバエ上科(Sphaeroceroidea)、ミギワバエ上科(Ephydroidea)等が挙げられ、特に好ましくはミバエ上科が挙げられる。ミバエ上科としては、具体的には、例えばミバエ科(Tephritidae)、Ctenostylidae、Pallopteridae、Piophilidae、Platystomatidae、Pyrgotidae、Richardiidae、Ulidiidae等が挙げられ、特に好ましくはミバエ科が挙げられる。ミバエ科としては、好ましくはCeratitisが挙げられ、特に好ましくはCeratitis capitataが挙げられる。 Specific examples of the infraorder include Cyclorrhapha, Nemestrinoidea, Asiloidea, and Empidoidea, with preference given to Cyclorrhapha. Can be mentioned. Specific examples of the ring suture group include Aschiza, Schizophora, and the like, and preferably Schizophora. Specific examples of the forehead capsule include Acalyptratae, Calyptratae, etc., and preferably Acalyptratae. Specifically, examples of the apterous subsection include Tephritoidea, Nerioidea, Diopsoidea, Conopoidea, Lauxanioidea, and Nerioidea. Sciomyzoidea, Opomyzoidea, Carnoidea, Sphaeroceroidea, Ephydroidea, etc., and particularly preferred is the family Opomyzoidea. Specific examples of the superfamily Tephritidae include Tephritidae, Ctenostylidae, Pallopteridae, Piophilidae, Platystomatidae, Pyrgotidae, Richardiidae, Ulidiidae, and particularly preferably the family Tephritidae. As the fruit fly family, Ceratitis is preferably mentioned, and Ceratitis capitata is particularly preferable.
昆虫としては、各成長段階のものを利用することができる。昆虫としては、幼虫、前蛹、蛹、成虫等を利用することができる。昆虫は、好ましくは幼虫である。 Insects at each growth stage can be used. As insects, larvae, prepupae, pupae, adults, etc. can be used. The insect is preferably a larva.
分泌物は、ハエ下目の昆虫から排出される物質であり、その限りにおいて特に制限されない。分泌物は、ハエ下目の昆虫そのもの又はその加工物とは区別されるものである。 The secretion is a substance excreted from insects of the order Infraorder, and is not particularly limited as far as it is concerned. Secretions are distinguished from the insects themselves or their processed products.
本開示の飼料用材料は、好ましくはハエ下目の昆虫の飼料(昆虫飼料)を含有する。昆虫飼料は、ハエ下目の昆虫(好ましくは、幼虫)が生育可能な飼料である限り、特に制限されない。昆虫飼料は、好ましくは植物由来繊維質飼料を含有する。植物由来繊維質飼料としては、繊維を豊富に含む植物由来飼料である限り特に制限されず、例えば種子の表皮及び/又は外皮部分が挙げられる。種子としては、例えばコムギ、オオムギ、イネ、モロコシ、トウモロコシ、エンバク、ライムギ、ソバ等の穀類の種子が挙げられ、好ましくはコムギの種子が挙げられる。植物由来繊維質飼料として、好ましくはふすまが挙げられ、特に好ましくはコムギのふすまが挙げられる。昆虫飼料としては、他にも、酵母又は酵母エキス、糖類等が使用できる。糖類としては、昆虫飼料として使用可能なものであれば特に制限されず、例えばスクロース、グルコース、フルクトース、トレハロース等の単糖又は二糖や、オリゴ糖等が挙げられる。また、昆虫飼料は、昆虫の飼育に適した状態となるように、通常、水を含有する。 The feed material of the present disclosure preferably contains feed for insects of the order Hyphae (insect feed). The insect feed is not particularly limited as long as it is feed that allows insects (preferably larvae) of the order Infraorder to grow. The insect feed preferably contains a plant-derived fibrous feed. The plant-derived fibrous feed is not particularly limited as long as it is a plant-derived feed rich in fiber, and includes, for example, the epidermis and/or outer skin of seeds. Examples of the seeds include seeds of cereals such as wheat, barley, rice, sorghum, corn, oat, rye, and buckwheat, and preferably wheat seeds. Preferably, the plant-derived fibrous feed includes bran, and particularly preferably wheat bran. Other insect feeds that can be used include yeast or yeast extract, sugars, and the like. The saccharide is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as insect feed, and examples include monosaccharides or disaccharides such as sucrose, glucose, fructose, and trehalose, and oligosaccharides. Moreover, insect feed usually contains water so that the feed is suitable for raising insects.
昆虫飼料が植物由来繊維質飼料を含有する場合、その含有量は、昆虫飼料100質量%に対して、例えば5~40質量%、好ましくは10~25質量%である。 When the insect feed contains plant-derived fibrous feed, the content is, for example, 5 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 25% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the insect feed.
昆虫飼料が酵母又は酵母エキスを含有する場合、その含有量は、昆虫飼料100質量%に対して、例えば3~30質量%、好ましくは8~20質量%である。 When the insect feed contains yeast or yeast extract, the content is, for example, 3 to 30% by weight, preferably 8 to 20% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the insect feed.
昆虫飼料が糖類を含有する場合、その含有量は、昆虫飼料100質量%に対して、例えば3~30質量%、好ましくは8~20質量%である。 When the insect feed contains saccharides, the content is, for example, 3 to 30% by weight, preferably 8 to 20% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the insect feed.
昆虫飼料が水を含有する場合、その含有量は、昆虫飼料100質量%に対して、例えば30~75質量%、好ましくは45~65質量%である。 When the insect feed contains water, its content is, for example, 30 to 75% by weight, preferably 45 to 65% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the insect feed.
昆虫飼料は、1種単独であることができ、2種以上の組合せであることもできる。 The insect feed can be one type alone or a combination of two or more types.
本開示の飼料用材料は、ハエ下目の昆虫の飼育残渣であることが好ましい。飼育残渣は、ハエ下目の昆虫を飼料中で育成し、前記飼料から前記昆虫を分離する工程を経て得られるものであり、ハエ下目の昆虫の分泌物及びハエ下目の昆虫の飼料を含有する。 The feed material of the present disclosure is preferably a rearing residue of insects of the order Hyphae. Rearing residue is obtained through a process of growing insects of the order Infraorder in feed and separating the insects from the feed, and it contains the secretions of insects in the order of Infraorder and the feed of insects in the order contains.
昆虫の飼料中での育成は、公知の方法に従って又は準じて行うことができる。具体的には、例えば昆虫の卵及び/又は幼虫を昆虫飼料と混合し、適切な環境を適切な時間維持することによって、虫の成長を促すことができる。この育成工程により、昆虫は餌を摂取し、代謝し、分泌物を排出する。上記の環境及び時間については、昆虫の種類に応じて適宜設定することができる。 Insects can be grown in feed according to or in accordance with known methods. Specifically, the growth of insects can be promoted, for example, by mixing insect eggs and/or larvae with insect feed and maintaining a suitable environment for a suitable period of time. Through this growing process, the insect ingests food, metabolizes it, and excretes secretions. The above environment and time can be set as appropriate depending on the type of insect.
昆虫の分離は、具体的には、昆虫から排出された分泌物および餌およびその他混合物の残りなどと、該昆虫を分離することである。分離の方法は、特に制限されず、公知の方法に従って又は準じて行うことができる。飼料から跳び出て蛹になる性質を有する幼虫である場合は、十分な期間育成を続けることによって、自然に飼料から幼虫が跳び出て、上記分離が達成される。 Separation of insects is specifically the separation of insects from secretions excreted by the insects and the remains of food and other mixtures. The separation method is not particularly limited, and can be performed according to or analogously to a known method. If the larva has the property of jumping out of the feed and becoming a pupa, by continuing to grow it for a sufficient period of time, the larva will naturally jump out of the feed and the separation described above will be achieved.
飼育残渣は、分離しきれなかった昆虫を含むことができる。飼育残渣100質量%に対する飼育残渣中に残った昆虫の含有量は、例えば10質量%以下、好ましくは5質量%以下、より好ましくは2質量%以下、さらに好ましくは1質量%以下、よりさらに好ましくは0.1質量%以下である。 The rearing residue may contain insects that could not be separated. The content of insects remaining in the rearing residue relative to 100 mass% of the rearing residue is, for example, 10% by mass or less, preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less, still more preferably 1% by mass or less, and even more preferably is 0.1% by mass or less.
本開示の飼育用材料はタンパク質を含有することが好ましい。本開示の飼育用材料中のタンパク質の含有量の下限は、10質量%が好ましく、15質量%がより好ましく、20質量%がさらに好ましく、22質量%がよりさらに好ましい。材料中のタンパク質の含有量の上限は、50質量%が好ましく、40質量%がより好ましく、30質量%がさらに好ましい。上記した上限及び下限を任意に組み合わせてなる範囲も、好ましい含有量の範囲として挙げられる。 Preferably, the breeding material of the present disclosure contains protein. The lower limit of the protein content in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 10% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass, even more preferably 20% by mass, and even more preferably 22% by mass. The upper limit of the protein content in the material is preferably 50% by mass, more preferably 40% by mass, and even more preferably 30% by mass. A range formed by arbitrarily combining the above-mentioned upper and lower limits is also mentioned as a preferable content range.
本開示の飼育用材料は粗脂肪を含有することが好ましい。この場合、本開示の飼育用材料中の粗脂肪の含有量の下限は、0.5質量%が好ましく、1.0質量%がより好ましく、1.5質量%がさらに好ましく、2.0質量%がよりさらに好ましい。本開示の飼育用材料中の粗脂肪の含有量の上限は、20質量%が好ましく、10質量%がより好ましく、5質量%がさらに好ましい。上記した上限及び下限を任意に組み合わせてなる範囲も、好ましい含有量の範囲として挙げられる。 Preferably, the breeding material of the present disclosure contains crude fat. In this case, the lower limit of the crude fat content in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 0.5% by mass, more preferably 1.0% by mass, even more preferably 1.5% by mass, and even more preferably 2.0% by mass. The upper limit of the crude fat content in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass, and even more preferably 5% by mass. A range formed by arbitrarily combining the above-mentioned upper and lower limits is also mentioned as a preferable content range.
本開示の飼育用材料は粗灰分を含有することが好ましい。この場合、本開示の飼育用材料中の粗灰分の含有量の下限は、2質量%が好ましく、3質量%がより好ましく、4質量%がさらに好ましく、4.5質量%がよりさらに好ましい。本開示の飼育用材料中の粗灰分の含有量の上限は、20質量%が好ましく、15質量%がより好ましく、10質量%がさらに好ましく、7質量%がよりさらに好ましい。上記した上限及び下限を任意に組み合わせてなる範囲も、好ましい含有量の範囲として挙げられる。 The breeding material of the present disclosure preferably contains crude ash. In this case, the lower limit of the crude ash content in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 2% by mass, more preferably 3% by mass, even more preferably 4% by mass, and even more preferably 4.5% by mass. The upper limit of the crude ash content in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass, even more preferably 10% by mass, and even more preferably 7% by mass. A range formed by arbitrarily combining the above-mentioned upper and lower limits is also mentioned as a preferable content range.
本開示の飼育用材料は可溶無窒素物を含有することが好ましい。この場合、本開示の飼育用材料中の可溶無窒素物の含有量の下限は、20質量%が好ましく、30質量%がより好ましく、40質量%がさらに好ましい。本開示の飼育用材料中の可溶無窒素物の含有量の上限は、70質量%が好ましく、60質量%がより好ましく、55質量%がさらに好ましい。上記した上限及び下限を任意に組み合わせてなる範囲も、好ましい含有量の範囲として挙げられる。 The breeding material of the present disclosure preferably contains soluble nitrogen-free substances. In this case, the lower limit of the content of soluble nitrogen-free substances in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 30% by mass, and even more preferably 40% by mass. The upper limit of the content of soluble nitrogen-free substances in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 70% by mass, more preferably 60% by mass, and even more preferably 55% by mass. A range formed by arbitrarily combining the above-mentioned upper and lower limits is also mentioned as a preferable content range.
本開示の飼育用材料は粗繊維を含有することが好ましい。この場合、本開示の飼育用材料中の粗線維の含有量の下限は、1質量%が好ましく、2質量%がより好ましく、3質量%がさらに好ましく、3.5質量%がよりさらに好ましい。本開示の飼育用材料中の粗線維の含有量の上限は、20質量%が好ましく、15質量%がより好ましく、10質量%がさらに好ましく、7質量%がよりさらに好ましい。上記した上限及び下限を任意に組み合わせてなる範囲も、好ましい含有量の範囲として挙げられる。 The breeding material of the present disclosure preferably contains crude fiber. In this case, the lower limit of the crude fiber content in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 1% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass, even more preferably 3% by mass, and even more preferably 3.5% by mass. The upper limit of the crude fiber content in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass, even more preferably 10% by mass, and even more preferably 7% by mass. A range formed by arbitrarily combining the above-mentioned upper and lower limits is also mentioned as a preferable content range.
本開示の飼育用材料はγ-アミノ酪酸(GABA)を含有することが好ましい。この場合、本開示の飼育用材料中のγ-アミノ酪酸の含有量の下限は、0.05質量%が好ましく、0.1質量%がより好ましく、0.2質量%がさらに好ましく、0.3質量%がよりさらに好ましい。本開示の飼育用材料中のγ-アミノ酪酸の含有量の上限は、2質量%が好ましく、1.2質量%がより好ましく、0.8質量%がさらに好ましく、0.6質量%がよりさらに好ましい。上記した上限及び下限を任意に組み合わせてなる範囲も、好ましい含有量の範囲として挙げられる。 The breeding material of the present disclosure preferably contains γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In this case, the lower limit of the content of γ-aminobutyric acid in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 0.05% by mass, more preferably 0.1% by mass, even more preferably 0.2% by mass, and even more preferably 0.3% by mass. The upper limit of the content of γ-aminobutyric acid in the breeding material of the present disclosure is preferably 2% by mass, more preferably 1.2% by mass, even more preferably 0.8% by mass, and even more preferably 0.6% by mass. A range formed by arbitrarily combining the above-mentioned upper and lower limits is also mentioned as a preferable content range.
本開示の飼育用材料中の上記成分の含有量は、後述の製造例1に記載の方法に従って測定される。 The content of the above components in the breeding material of the present disclosure is measured according to the method described in Production Example 1 below.
本開示の飼育用材料は、上記以外にも、微量成分として、ミネラル(例えばナトリウム、リン、鉄、カルシウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、銅等)、γ-アミノ酪酸以外のアミノ酸(例えばアルギニン、リジン、ヒスチジン、フェニルアラニン、チロシン、ロイシン、イソロイシン、メチオニン、バリン、アラニン、グリシン、プロリン、グルタミン酸、セリン、スレオニン、アスパラギン酸、トリプトファン、シスチン等)を含有することができる。 In addition to the above, the breeding material of the present disclosure contains minerals (e.g., sodium, phosphorus, iron, calcium, potassium, magnesium, copper, etc.) and amino acids other than γ-aminobutyric acid (e.g., arginine, lysine, histidine, etc.) as trace components. , phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine, alanine, glycine, proline, glutamic acid, serine, threonine, aspartic acid, tryptophan, cystine, etc.).
本開示の飼育用材料は、ハエ下目の昆虫の分泌物、当該分泌物と植物由来繊維質飼料、又は飼育残渣を主体とする材料である。本開示の飼育用材料中の、ハエ下目の昆虫の分泌物の含有量、当該分泌物と植物由来繊維質飼料の合計含有量、又は飼育残渣の含有量は、好ましくは80質量%以上、より好ましくは90質量%以上、さらに好ましくは95質量%以上、よりさらに好ましくは98質量%以上、とりわけ好ましくは99質量%以上、特に好ましくは100質量%である。 The rearing material of the present disclosure is a material mainly composed of secretions of insects of the order Infraorder, the secretions and plant-derived fibrous feed, or rearing residues. In the breeding material of the present disclosure, the content of secretions of insects of the order Hyphae, the total content of the secretions and plant-derived fibrous feed, or the content of breeding residue is preferably 80% by mass or more, More preferably 90% by mass or more, still more preferably 95% by mass or more, even more preferably 98% by mass or more, particularly preferably 99% by mass or more, particularly preferably 100% by mass.
本開示の飼育用材料は、水産動物の飼料として用いるための材料である。具体的には、例えば、本開示の飼育用材料は水産動物用飼料に配合して用いることができる。対象である水産動物としては、水中で生息可能な動物である限り、特に制限されない。水産動物としては、例えば魚類、甲殻類、貝類等があげられる。これらの中でも、魚類、甲殻類等が好ましく、魚類がより好ましい。魚類として、具体的には、例えば、タイ、コイ、マス、ブリ、ハマチ、カンパチ、ヒラマサ、マグロ、フグ、ヒラメ、アジ、サバ、ハタ、クエ、サケ、ウナギ、ナマズ、アユ、イワナ、ウナギ、コイ、スズキ、フナ、マス、ヤマメ、ワカサギ、金魚、メダカ、ティラピア、チョウザメ、ゼブラフィッシュ等が挙げられる。一実施形態において、魚類は海水魚であることが好ましい。甲殻類としては、例えば、エビやカニが挙げられる。甲殻類として、より具体的には、例えば、バナメイエビ、クルマエビ、ウシエビ、ホワイトレッグシュリンプ、ガザミが挙げられる。 The breeding material of the present disclosure is a material for use as feed for aquatic animals. Specifically, for example, the breeding material of the present disclosure can be used by being mixed with feed for aquatic animals. The target aquatic animals are not particularly limited as long as they can live in water. Examples of aquatic animals include fish, crustaceans, and shellfish. Among these, fish, crustaceans, etc. are preferred, and fish are more preferred. Specifically, the fish include, for example, sea bream, carp, trout, yellowtail, yellowtail, amberjack, amberjack, tuna, puffer fish, flounder, horse mackerel, mackerel, grouper, yellowtail, salmon, eel, catfish, sweetfish, char, eel, Examples include carp, sea bass, crucian carp, trout, yamame trout, smelt, goldfish, killifish, tilapia, sturgeon, and zebrafish. In one embodiment, the fish is preferably a saltwater fish. Examples of crustaceans include shrimp and crabs. More specifically, examples of the crustacean include vannamei shrimp, black shrimp, Japanese shrimp, white leg shrimp, and sea bream.
本開示の飼育用材料は、好ましくは、水産動物用飼料の水産動物誘引性を向上させるため、又は水産動物用飼料の飼料効率を向上させるための、添加剤として、用いることができる。この観点から、本開示は、一実施形態として、ハエ下目の昆虫の分泌物を含有する、水産動物用飼料の水産動物誘引性向上剤、水産動物用飼料の飼料効率向上剤等に関する。 The breeding material of the present disclosure can preferably be used as an additive to improve the aquatic animal attractivity of aquatic animal feed or to improve the feed efficiency of aquatic animal feed. From this point of view, the present disclosure relates, as one embodiment, to an aquatic animal attraction improving agent for aquatic animal feed, a feed efficiency improving agent for aquatic animal feed, etc., which contain secretions of insects of the order Hyphae.
本開示の飼育用材料は、例えば、ハエ下目の昆虫を飼料中で育成し、前記飼料から前記昆虫を分離する工程を含む方法により製造することができる。当該方法の詳細については上述のとおりである。 The breeding material of the present disclosure can be produced, for example, by a method that includes the steps of growing insects of the order Hyphae in feed and separating the insects from the feed. Details of the method are as described above.
3.水産動物用飼料
本開示は、一実施形態として、本開示の飼料用材料を含有する、水産動物用飼料(本明細書において、「本開示の飼料」と示すこともある。)を提供する。以下、これについて説明する。
3. Feed for Aquatic Animals As one embodiment, the present disclosure provides feed for aquatic animals (herein sometimes referred to as "feed of the present disclosure") containing the feed material of the present disclosure. This will be explained below.
本開示の飼料中の本開示の飼料用材料の含有量(乾燥質量換算)は、特に制限されないが、例えば0.5~50質量%、好ましくは0.5~30質量%である。当該含有量は、飼料の誘引性、飼料効率等の観点から、好ましくは1質量%以上、より好ましくは2質量%以上、さらに好ましくは4質量%以上、よりさらに好ましくは8質量%以上、とりわけ好ましくは12質量%以上、特に好ましくは16質量%以上である。当該含有量の上限は、例えば45質量%、40質量%、35質量%、30質量%、又は25質量%であることができる。 The content (in terms of dry mass) of the feed material of the present disclosure in the feed of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.5 to 50% by mass, preferably 0.5 to 30% by mass. From the viewpoint of feed attraction, feed efficiency, etc., the content is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 2% by mass or more, even more preferably 4% by mass or more, even more preferably 8% by mass or more, especially The content is preferably 12% by mass or more, particularly preferably 16% by mass or more. The upper limit of the content can be, for example, 45% by mass, 40% by mass, 35% by mass, 30% by mass, or 25% by mass.
本開示の飼料は、必要に応じて、水産動物用飼料に配合される材料を含むことができる。 The feed of the present disclosure can contain materials that are mixed into feed for aquatic animals, if necessary.
本開示の飼料は、魚粉及び/又は魚粉代替材料を含有することができる。 The feed of the present disclosure can contain fishmeal and/or fishmeal substitute materials.
魚粉としては、特に制限されず、各種原料魚から得られるものを使用することができる。原料魚としては、例えばイワシ、スケトウダラ、サンマ、ニシン、マグロ、ナマズ、ブルーギル、ブラックバス、ハクレン等が挙げられる。魚粉は、例えば、原料後を熱処理後、乾燥させ、破砕することにより、得ることができる。魚粉は、1種単独であってもよいし、2種以上の組合せであってもよい。 The fish meal is not particularly limited, and those obtained from various raw material fish can be used. Examples of raw material fish include sardines, walleye pollack, saury, herring, tuna, catfish, bluegill, black bass, and silverfish. Fishmeal can be obtained, for example, by heat-treating the raw material, drying it, and crushing it. The fishmeal may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
本開示の飼料が魚粉を含有する場合、本開示の飼料中の魚粉の含有量(乾燥質量換算)は、特に制限されないが、例えば0.1~80質量%である。該含有量は、好ましくは0.2~70質量%、より好ましくは0.5~60質量%、さらに好ましくは0.8~60質量%である。該含有量は、いくつかの実施形態において、例えば、次に示す値のいずれか1つを下限値とする範囲、又は次に示す値の内の任意の2つを上限値及び下限値とする範囲である:0.1質量%、0.2質量%、0.5質量%、0.8質量%、1質量%、2質量%、5質量%、8質量%、10質量%、12質量%、15質量%、18質量%、20質量%、22質量%、25質量%、28質量%、30質量%、32質量%、35質量%、40質量%、50質量%。 When the feed of the present disclosure contains fishmeal, the content of fishmeal (in terms of dry mass) in the feed of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.1 to 80% by mass. The content is preferably 0.2 to 70% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 60% by weight, even more preferably 0.8 to 60% by weight. In some embodiments, the content is, for example, in a range in which the lower limit is any one of the following values, or in which the upper and lower limits are any two of the following values: The range is: 0.1% by mass, 0.2% by mass, 0.5% by mass, 0.8% by mass, 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 5% by mass, 8% by mass, 10% by mass, 12% by mass, 15% by mass, 18% by mass. %, 20% by mass, 22% by mass, 25% by mass, 28% by mass, 30% by mass, 32% by mass, 35% by mass, 40% by mass, 50% by mass.
魚粉代替物としては、特に制限されず、例えば魚以外の生物(植物又は動物)から得られるタンパク質含有原料を使用することができる。魚粉代替物として、より具体的には、例えば大豆粕、濃縮大豆タンパク質、コーングルテンミール、トウモロコシ蒸留粕、ナタネ油粕等の植物性飼料原料; 肉粉、肉骨粉、フェザーミール、血粉等の動物性飼料原料; 微細藻類原料; 酵母、バクテリア等の単細胞生物原料等が挙げられる。魚粉代替物は、1種単独であってもよいし、2種以上の組合せであってもよい。 The fishmeal substitute is not particularly limited, and for example, protein-containing raw materials obtained from organisms other than fish (plants or animals) can be used. As a fish meal substitute, more specifically, for example, vegetable feed materials such as soybean meal, concentrated soy protein, corn gluten meal, corn distiller's meal, and rapeseed meal; animal feed materials such as meat meal, meat and bone meal, feather meal, and blood meal. Raw materials; Microalgae raw materials; Unicellular biological raw materials such as yeast and bacteria. The fishmeal substitute may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
本開示の飼料が魚粉代替物を含有する場合、本開示の飼料中の魚粉代替物の含有量(乾燥質量換算)は、特に制限されないが、例えば0.1~50質量%である。該含有量は、好ましくは0.2~50質量%、より好ましくは0.5~50質量%、さらに好ましくは0.8~25質量%である。該含有量は、いくつかの実施形態において、例えば、次に示す値のいずれか1つを下限値とする範囲、又は次に示す値の内の任意の2つを上限値及び下限値とする範囲である:0.1質量%、0.2質量%、0.5質量%、0.8質量%、1質量%、2質量%、5質量%、8質量%、10質量%、12質量%、15質量%、18質量%、20質量%、22質量%、25質量%、28質量%、30質量%、32質量%、35質量%、40質量%、50質量%。 When the feed of the present disclosure contains a fishmeal substitute, the content of the fishmeal substitute in the feed of the present disclosure (in terms of dry mass) is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.1 to 50% by mass. The content is preferably 0.2 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 50% by weight, and even more preferably 0.8 to 25% by weight. In some embodiments, the content is, for example, in a range in which the lower limit is any one of the following values, or in which the upper and lower limits are any two of the following values: The range is: 0.1% by mass, 0.2% by mass, 0.5% by mass, 0.8% by mass, 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 5% by mass, 8% by mass, 10% by mass, 12% by mass, 15% by mass, 18% by mass. %, 20% by mass, 22% by mass, 25% by mass, 28% by mass, 30% by mass, 32% by mass, 35% by mass, 40% by mass, 50% by mass.
本開示の飼料は、上記以外にも、必要に応じて、他の成分を含むことができる。他の成分としては、例えば粘結剤(例えば、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム(CMC)、グアーガム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、カゼインナトリウム、プロピレングリコール等)、穀粉(例えば小麦粉、デンプン等)、ミネラル類、ビタミン類(例えばビタミンC、ビタミンB1、ビタミンA、ビタミンD、ビタミンE等)、アミノ酸類(例えば、リジン、メチオニン、ヒスチジン等)、色素(例えばβ-カロチン、アスタキサンチン、カンタキサンチン等)、肝油(例えばタラ肝油等)等が挙げられる。 In addition to the above, the feed of the present disclosure may contain other components as necessary. Other ingredients include, for example, binders (e.g., sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), guar gum, sodium alginate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium caseinate, propylene glycol, etc.), flour (e.g., wheat flour, starch, etc.), minerals, Vitamins (e.g. vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, etc.), amino acids (e.g. lysine, methionine, histidine, etc.), pigments (e.g. β-carotene, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, etc.), cod liver oil ( For example, cod liver oil, etc.).
本開示の飼料が他の成分を含有する場合、本開示の飼料中の他の成分の含有量(乾燥質量換算)は、特に制限されないが、例えば0.01~30質量%である。 When the feed of the present disclosure contains other components, the content (in terms of dry mass) of the other components in the feed of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.01 to 30% by mass.
本開示の飼料の形態は、対象の水産動物が摂取可能な形態である限り、特に制限されない。すなわち、本開示の飼料は、粉末状、顆粒状、クランブル状、ペレット状、キューブ状、ペースト状、液状等のいかなる形態であってもよい。本開示の飼料は、例えば、ドライペレットやモイストペレット等のペレットとして成形されてよい。本開示の飼料の形態は、対象の水産動物の種類や生育ステージ等の諸条件に応じて適宜設定することができる。例えば、稚魚に対しては、通常、粉末またはクランブル状の飼料を好ましく用いることができる。また、成魚に対しては、通常、ドライペレットを好ましく用いることができる。 The form of the feed of the present disclosure is not particularly limited as long as it is in a form that can be ingested by the target aquatic animal. That is, the feed of the present disclosure may be in any form such as powder, granules, crumbles, pellets, cubes, paste, or liquid. The feed of the present disclosure may be formed into pellets such as dry pellets and moist pellets, for example. The form of the feed of the present disclosure can be appropriately set depending on various conditions such as the type and growth stage of the target aquatic animal. For example, powdered or crumbled feed can usually be preferably used for young fish. Furthermore, for adult fish, dry pellets can usually be preferably used.
本開示の飼料の対象である水産動物は、本開示の飼料用材料の対象水産動物と同じである。 The aquatic animal that is the target of the feed of the present disclosure is the same as the aquatic animal that is the target of the feed material of the present disclosure.
4.水産動物の製造方法
本開示は、一実施形態として、本開示の飼料を水産動物に給飼することを含む、水産動物(具体的には、例えば水産動物製品)を製造する方法(本明細書において、「本開示の製造方法」と示すこともある。)を提供する。以下、これについて説明する。
Four. Method for producing an aquatic animal The present disclosure provides, as one embodiment, a method for producing an aquatic animal (specifically, for example, an aquatic animal product), which includes feeding an aquatic animal with the feed of the present disclosure. may also be referred to as "the manufacturing method of the present disclosure"). This will be explained below.
本開示の飼料の給餌量は、特に制限されない。本開示の飼料の給餌量は、対象の水産動物の種類等の諸条件に応じて適宜選択することができる。本開示の飼料の給餌量は、例えば、飽食量であってよい。本開示の飼料は、1日1回または複数回に分けて給餌されてよい。また、本開示の飼料は、数日に1回給餌されてもよい。各給餌時の本開示の飼料の給餌量は、一定であってもよく、そうでなくてもよい。 The feeding amount of the feed of the present disclosure is not particularly limited. The feeding amount of the feed of the present disclosure can be appropriately selected depending on various conditions such as the type of target aquatic animal. The feeding amount of the feed of the present disclosure may be, for example, the satiation amount. The feed of the present disclosure may be fed once or in multiple portions a day. Additionally, the feed of the present disclosure may be fed once every few days. The feeding amount of the feed of the present disclosure during each feeding may or may not be constant.
本開示の飼料を給餌する期間は、特に制限されない。本開示の飼料を給餌する期間は、対象の水産動物の種類等の諸条件に応じて適宜選択することができる。本開示の飼料は、養殖(飼育)の全期間において継続して給餌されてもよく、一部の期間にのみ給餌されてもよい。「一部の期間」とは、例えば、養殖(飼育)の全期間の10%以上、20%以上、30%以上、50%以上、70%以上、又は90%以上の期間であってよい。本開示の飼料を給餌する期間は、例えば、3日以上、1週間以上、2週間以上、3週間以上、4週間以上、2ヶ月以上、又は3ヶ月以上であってもよく、1年以下、6ヶ月以下、4ヶ月以下、3ヶ月以下、2ヶ月以下、4週間以下、又は3週間以下であってもよく、それらの矛盾しない組み合わせであってもよい。本開示の飼料は、任意の期間で給餌の継続と中断を繰り返してもよい。 The period for feeding the feed of the present disclosure is not particularly limited. The period for feeding the feed of the present disclosure can be appropriately selected depending on conditions such as the type of aquatic animal to be treated. The feed of the present disclosure may be continuously fed during the entire period of aquaculture (breeding), or may be fed only during a part of the period. A "partial period" may be, for example, a period of 10% or more, 20% or more, 30% or more, 50% or more, 70% or more, or 90% or more of the entire period of aquaculture (breeding). The period of feeding the feed of the present disclosure may be, for example, 3 days or more, 1 week or more, 2 weeks or more, 3 weeks or more, 4 weeks or more, 2 months or more, or 3 months or more, and 1 year or less, The period may be 6 months or less, 4 months or less, 3 months or less, 2 months or less, 4 weeks or less, or 3 weeks or less, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Continuation and interruption of feeding of the feed of the present disclosure may be repeated over an arbitrary period of time.
水産動物の養殖(飼育)は、本開示の飼料を給餌すること以外は、水産動物を養殖(飼育)する通常の方法と同一の方法により行うことができる。養殖(飼育)は、例えば、海上の生簀や陸上の水槽で行うことができる。なお「養殖」には、種苗生産(稚魚生産等)のみを行う増養殖および成体(親魚等)までの生産を行う養殖のいずれもが包含される。 Aquaculture (breeding) of aquatic animals can be carried out by the same method as the usual method of cultivating (breeding) aquatic animals, except for feeding the feed of the present disclosure. Aquaculture (breeding) can be carried out, for example, in fish cages on the sea or aquariums on land. Note that "aquaculture" includes both aquaculture that only produces seedlings (fry production, etc.) and aquaculture that produces up to adults (broodstock, etc.).
以下に、実施例に基づいて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。 The present invention will be described in detail below based on Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
製造例1.昆虫分泌物含有材料の製造
チチュウカイミバエ(Ceratitis capitata)の幼虫を原料として、昆虫分泌物を含有する水産動物飼料用材料を製造した。水産動物飼料用材料は、具体的には、次のようにして製造した。チチュウカイミバエの幼虫を飼料(構成材料:小麦ふすま、酵母、ショ糖、水分)中で育成した。チチュウカイミバエの幼虫は、生育が進むと、飼料から跳び出て、飼料外で蛹になる性質を有する。幼虫が跳び出た後に残った飼料(幼虫の飼育残渣)を回収し、当該飼育残渣を-20℃で24時間以上冷凍した後、700Wのマイクロ波および80℃のオーブンで乾燥させ、ミルで破砕し、粉末状とした。得られた粉末状飼育残渣の組成等を解析した結果を表1~2(「%」は、質量%を意味する。)に示す。この粉末状飼育残渣を、昆虫分泌物含有材料として以下の実施例において使用した。
Manufacturing example 1. Production of material containing insect secretions An aquatic animal feed material containing insect secretions was produced using larvae of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) as a raw material. Specifically, the aquatic animal feed material was manufactured as follows. Medfly larvae were grown in feed (constituent materials: wheat bran, yeast, sucrose, moisture). Medfly larvae have the property of jumping out of the feed and pupating outside the feed as they grow. Collect the feed remaining after the larvae have jumped out (larval rearing residue), freeze the rearing residue at -20℃ for 24 hours or more, dry it in a 700W microwave and 80℃ oven, and crush it with a mill. and powdered. The results of analyzing the composition etc. of the obtained powdered rearing residue are shown in Tables 1 and 2 ("%" means mass %). This powdered rearing residue was used in the following examples as insect secretion-containing material.
なお、組成の解析方法は次のとおりである。水分は常圧加熱乾燥法、粗タンパク質は燃焼法、粗脂肪はジエチルエーテル抽出法、粗繊維は濾過法、粗灰分は直接灰化法、ナトリウム・カリウム・銅は原子吸光光度法、リン・鉄・カルシウム・マグネシウムはICP発光分析法、アミノ酸はアミノ酸自動分析法により分析した。表2中、「アミノ酸」はサンプルを加水分解してからアミノ酸自動分析法で定量した結果であり、「遊離アミノ酸」は加水分解せずにアミノ酸自動分析法で定量した結果である。 The composition analysis method is as follows. Moisture is determined by normal pressure heating and drying method, crude protein is determined by combustion method, crude fat is determined by diethyl ether extraction method, crude fiber is determined by filtration method, crude ash is determined by direct ashing method, sodium, potassium, and copper are determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, phosphorus and iron are determined by atomic absorption method. - Calcium and magnesium were analyzed using ICP emission spectrometry, and amino acids were analyzed using automatic amino acid analysis. In Table 2, "amino acids" are the results of quantification using an automatic amino acid analysis method after hydrolyzing the sample, and "free amino acids" are the results of quantification using an automatic amino acid analysis method without hydrolysis.
実施例1.マダイへの給飼試験
試験飼料としてアンチョビ魚粉を主蛋白質源とした魚粉飼料(試験区1)、飼料全体の12%を摂餌性の低いツナ残渣魚粉へ代替した飼料(試験区2)、ツナ飼料に飼料全体の5質量%、10質量%、又は20質量%になるように昆虫分泌物含有材料(製造例1)を添加した飼料(試験区3、試験区4、試験区5)を、ペレット(直径3.2mm、長さ3-5 mm)として製造した。各飼料の組成を表3に示す。表3中、数値の単位は質量部である。
Example 1. Feeding test for red sea bream Fishmeal feed containing anchovy fishmeal as the main protein source (Test Area 1), feed in which 12% of the total feed was substituted with tuna residue fishmeal (Test Area 2), which is less edible, and tuna fish meal (Test Area 1) Feed (Test Area 3, Test Area 4, Test Area 5) in which the insect secretion-containing material (Manufacturing Example 1) was added to the feed so as to account for 5% by mass, 10% by mass, or 20% by mass of the total feed, Produced as pellets (3.2 mm diameter, 3-5 mm length). The composition of each feed is shown in Table 3. In Table 3, the units of numerical values are parts by mass.
平均魚体重6.5gのマダイを1.1トン容水槽それぞれに20尾ずつ収容し、各試験区それぞれについて3水槽、計15水槽を設けた。各試験飼料を1日1回、1週間に6日、飽食になるまで給飼した。2ヵ月の飼育後、平均魚体重、摂餌量、及び飼料効率〔100 x (final total body weight-initial total body weight)/total dry feed intake〕を測定した。結果を表4に示す。 Twenty red sea bream with an average fish weight of 6.5 g were housed in each 1.1 ton capacity aquarium, and a total of 15 aquariums, 3 aquariums for each experimental area, were set up. Each test feed was fed once a day, 6 days a week, until satiety was achieved. After two months of rearing, the average fish weight, feed intake, and feed efficiency [100 x (final total body weight-initial total body weight)/total dry feed intake] were measured. The results are shown in Table 4.
昆虫分泌物含有材料を含む飼料を給餌した試験区3、試験区4、試験区5では、試験区2に比べ摂餌量及び飼料効率が高かった。試験区5では試験区1以上の摂餌量を示し、試験区4では試験区1以上の飼料効率を示した。 In test plots 3, 4, and 5, which were fed feed containing materials containing insect secretions, the feed intake and feed efficiency were higher than in test plot 2. Test plot 5 showed feed intake higher than test plot 1, and test plot 4 showed feed efficiency higher than test plot 1.
実施例2.マダイへの給飼試験
試験飼料としてアンチョビ魚粉を主蛋白質源とした魚粉飼料(試験区1)、飼料全体の24%を摂餌性の低いツナ残渣魚粉へ代替した飼料(試験区2)、ツナ飼料に飼料全体の5質量%ハエ下目の昆虫分泌物含有材料(製造例1)を添加した飼料(試験区3)、ツナ飼料に飼料全体の5質量%ミズアブ下目の昆虫分泌物含有材料(ミズアブ下目のアメリカミズアブ(Hermetia illucens)の幼虫を原料として用い、且つ植物由来の幼虫用飼料を用いて得られた昆虫分泌物含有材料)を添加した飼料(試験区4、比較例)を、ペレット(直径3.2mm、長さ3-5 mm)として製造した。各飼料の組成を表5に示す。表5中、数値の単位は質量部である。
Example 2. Test feed for red sea bream: fishmeal feed containing anchovy fishmeal as the main protein source (test area 1), feed in which 24% of the total feed was substituted with tuna residue fishmeal, which is less edible (test area 2), tuna Feed in which 5% by mass of the total feed was added with a material containing insect secretions from the order of the black soldier fly (Production Example 1) (test group 3), and tuna feed was added with a material containing insect secretions of the order black soldier fly at 5% by mass of the total feed (manufacturing example 1). (A material containing insect secretions obtained using plant-based larval feed using larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) as a raw material) (test group 4, comparative example). , produced as pellets (3.2 mm diameter, 3-5 mm length). Table 5 shows the composition of each feed. In Table 5, the units of numerical values are parts by mass.
平均魚体重9.0gのマダイを1.1トン容水槽それぞれに20尾ずつ収容し、各試験区それぞれについて2水槽、計8水槽を設けた。各試験飼料を1日1回、1週間に6日、飽食になるまで給飼した。6週間の飼育後、平均魚体重、摂餌量、及び飼料効率〔100 x (final total body weight-initial total body weight)/total dry feed intake〕を測定した。結果を表6に示す。 Twenty red sea bream with an average fish weight of 9.0 g were housed in each 1.1 ton capacity aquarium, and a total of 8 aquariums, 2 aquariums for each experimental area, were set up. Each test feed was fed once a day, 6 days a week, until satiety was achieved. After rearing for 6 weeks, average fish weight, feed intake, and feed efficiency [100 x (final total body weight-initial total body weight)/total dry feed intake] were measured. The results are shown in Table 6.
ハエ下目昆虫分泌物含有材料を含む飼料を給餌した試験区3では、試験区2に比べ最終魚平均体重、摂餌量、及び飼料効率が高かった。試験区3は試験区1をも上回る結果となった。また、試験区3は、ミズアブ下目昆虫分泌物含有材料を含む飼料を給餌した試験区4と比べても、最終魚平均体重、摂餌量、及び飼料効率が高かった。 In Test Group 3, where the feed containing material containing the secretions of the lower order insects was fed, the average final fish weight, food intake, and feed efficiency were higher than in Test Group 2. The results of test group 3 were even higher than test group 1. In addition, in Test Group 3, the average final fish weight, food intake, and feed efficiency were higher than in Test Group 4, which was fed a feed containing material containing black soldier fly insect secretions.
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JP2022145145A JP2024040663A (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Feed material for aquatic animal |
PCT/JP2023/033267 WO2024058188A1 (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2023-09-12 | Ingredient for feed for aquatic animals |
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US5618574A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1997-04-08 | Clearwater Fish & Pond Supply, Inc. | Fish food |
JP2009268448A (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2009-11-19 | Shunji Natori | Feed, method for producing feed, apparatus for producing feed, and device for biting larva |
CN102469811B (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2014-03-05 | 国立大学法人爱媛大学 | Fish feed |
JP5913044B2 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2016-04-27 | 株式会社イーズ | Organic fertilizer and feed production system |
JP2022107922A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-07-25 | 住友化学株式会社 | Composition for controlling enterobacterial flora |
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