JP2024027063A - Brushless acyclic generator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a brushless acyclic generator which is equipped with a rotor made of a plurality of conductors on one rotating shaft and connected in series, and which eliminates friction loss at a power collection part on the outer periphery.SOLUTION: A brushless acyclic generator has: a disk-shaped rotor made of magnetic material, supported by a rotating shaft made of magnetic material; and a rotor that is a pair of donut-shaped conductors that sandwich both sides of the rotor from the outside, and whose diameter is slightly shorter than the diameter of the rotor made of the magnetic material. Furthermore, a pair of donut-shaped magnets with their magnetic field directions relative to NN (or SS) is installed to sandwich the rotor made of the two donut-shaped conductors from the outside so that these rotors rotate as one, and a series connection can be made by providing a connecting passage on the outer periphery of the disk made of magnetic material to connect the outer periphery of the rotor made of right and left conductors with a copper wire. Also, by providing bearings on both the right and left sides of the inner peripheral part of the rotor, which is integrated with the rotor consisting of the right and left conductors, and by connecting the inner peripheral part of the rotor consisting of the right and left conductors with the right and left bearings, respectively, a brushless acyclic generator can be provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a brushless unipolar generator that does not use a brush in a current collector, and which is adapted to prevent global warming.

A monopolar generator is a very simple mechanism as shown in Figure 4a. When a rotating plate made of a conductor such as copper is rotated in a magnetic field created by a stationary magnet, a potential difference is created between the center and the outer radius of the rotating plate, and the current flows in the centrifugal direction depending on the direction of rotation of the rotating plate. Or it flows in the centripetal direction. Furthermore, even if the rotary plate and the magnet rotate together, a potential difference similarly occurs in the radial direction of the rotary plate. However, when the rotating plate is stationary and the magnet rotates, no potential difference is generated, so no current flows. The important condition is that the rotating plate of conductors undergoes rotational motion in the magnetic field.

Furthermore, as stated in Non-Patent Document 1, ``As a low-voltage, high-current DC machine, its principle has been known since Faraday's time.However, given its long history, there is little practical experience. This is because carbon brushes have traditionally been used to collect current, making it difficult to efficiently and stably collect large currents from high-speed rotating surfaces. However, ``as a power source for the electrolytic industry, compared to the method of obtaining direct current from an alternating current power source through a current transformer such as a silicon rectifier, a turbine-driven unipolar generator can obtain direct current directly, and is more efficient. Since the energy consumption is high, the cost of power generation is low and economical." Currently, single-pole generators are not widely used because the current collector contacts are easily worn out due to friction between the rotating plate and the brushes, shortening the life of the brushes and increasing electrical contact resistance. We can contribute in the field of electrolysis.

Publication of JP-A-09-238458 Publication of JP-A-2001-286117

J-STAGE Top/Electrical Society Magazine/Volume 89 (1969) No. 972/Bibliography "Recent Progress in Single-Polar DC Machines" Setsuo Nakamura https://doi. org/10.11526/ieeejjournal1888.89.1617

Patent Document 1 states that conventional unipolar generators have the following problems: ``Due to the high circumferential speed of the rotor, the current collection contacts are likely to wear out due to friction with the rotor, shortening their lifespan and increasing electrical contact resistance. ``Due to its structure, it is difficult to connect multiple rotors in series on one rotating shaft. It is difficult to obtain large current (large power) from multiple unipolar generators.'' The present invention also has the same problem to solve regarding unipolar generators. However, the means to solve the problem are different.

First, the basic principle of the present invention will be described. The characteristics of a monopolar generator are as shown in Figure 4, when the direction of the magnetic field is set in one direction, a rotating plate made of a conductor such as copper is placed in the magnetic field, and rotated clockwise or counterclockwise. According to Fleming's right-hand rule, the direction of current flow in a rotating plate is either centrifugal or centripetal. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 1, the rotating directions of the rotating plates, which are two conductors on one rotating shaft, are unified, and the magnetic field directions within each rotating plate are set to be different to the right and left. Then, as shown by Fleming's right-hand rule, the currents flow in different directions in the two rotating plates: the centrifugal direction and the centrifugal direction. Therefore, if the outer peripheries of two rotary plates rotating in the same direction are connected with a conductor, current will flow from the inner periphery to the outer periphery, and a direct current can be connected in series from the outer periphery to the inner periphery.

Also, as shown in Figure 1, the direction of electricity flow is from the inner circumference of the left rotary plate to the outer circumference, and from there it is guided to the outer circumference of the other right rotary plate, and then returns to the inner circumference. , current collection can be done near the rotation axis. Therefore, if a bearing is used for current collection, current collection can be performed without using a brush or without requiring a plurality of rotating shafts as shown in Patent Document 2.

In the unipolar generator of the present invention, series connection is possible by installing an even number of rotating plates, which are conductors, on one rotating shaft and making the directions of the magnetic fields opposite each other. Voltage drop can be avoided without wearing out the electrical contacts.

The basic concept of the unipolar generator of the present invention is shown. 1 shows an example of a monopolar generator implementation of the present invention. An example of a bearing used for current collection of the present invention is shown. 1 illustrates the principle of the monopolar generator of the present invention.

As mentioned earlier ([0002]), the most important feature of a unipolar generator is that when the copper disk 5, which is a conductor in a magnetic field, rotates, a potential difference is generated in its radius. When a potential difference occurs, a current flows along the radius of the copper disk 5 in either a centrifugal direction or a centripetal direction. Now, the copper atom of the copper disk 5 has 29 electrons. There is one free electron in the outermost shell (N) of the copper atom. The directions of the spin axes of electrons are usually random, but in a magnetic field, the directions of the spin axes of electrons are all aligned in the same direction of the magnetic field, as shown in FIG. 4c. The direction in which electrons spin (rotate) is counterclockwise. Therefore, if the copper disk 5 is also rotated counterclockwise, the force applied to the free electrons will be in the centrifugal direction, and if the copper disk 5 is rotated clockwise, the force applied to the free electrons will be in the centripetal direction. (Note here that the direction in which the "current" flows is expressed as being opposite to the direction in which the free electrons move.) The direction of all "forces on the free electrons" is the potential difference (voltage). It will give birth. Therefore, even if the copper disk 5 is stationary and only the magnetic field generated by the magnet rotates, no potential difference is created in the "radius" of the copper disk 5. In order for a potential difference to occur in a ``radius,'' ``the counterclockwise spin (rotation) of all free electrons in the magnetic field must have either clockwise or counterclockwise orbital motion.''

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, a ferromagnetic iron disc 6 is attached to one magnetic rotating shaft 4, and then donut-shaped conductors are placed on the left and right sides of the iron disc 6. If a certain copper disk 5 (the surface is insulated) is attached to each, and donut-shaped magnets 7 are attached to the left and right outside of the copper disk 5 so that the magnetic poles face NN (or SS), The magnets 7 are strongly attracted to the ferromagnetic iron disk 6 without repelling each other, and a strong magnetic flux 1 is generated in the copper disk 5, which changes the spin axis of all free electrons in the copper disk 5. are aligned in the direction of the magnetic field. When all the rotating plates are rotated in the same direction as shown in Fig. 1, the current 3 flows in the centrifugal direction 3a in the copper disk 5a on the left, and the current 3 flows in the centripetal direction 3b, and if the outer circumferences of the two copper disks 5 are connected with a conductor, a direct current flows from the inner circumference of one copper disk 5a to the inner circumference of the other copper disk 5b. 3 flows, so they can be connected in series and the voltage can be increased.

Next, the bearing 8 used for current collection shown in FIG. 3 will be explained. First, the rotation shaft 4 shown in FIG. 3 is covered with an insulator 9, and then the insulator 9 is covered with a conductor 10, so that the rotation shaft 4, the insulator 9, and the conductor 10 rotate as one. If the bearing 8 (cylindrical roller bearing: cylindrical roller bearing) is attached thereto, the rotating shaft 4, the insulator 9, the conductor 10, and the inner ring 8a of the bearing 8 rotate as one. The outer ring 8b of the bearing 8 is stationary, and the cylindrical rollers 8c between the inner ring 8a and the outer ring 8b rotate as if rolling on a slope, so that the current collecting contacts do not wear out.

If a ball bearing is used as the bearing 8, the current collecting portion will be a plurality of points, but if a cylindrical roller bearing is used, the current collecting portion will be a plurality of lines. If you want even more wires, you can easily collect large currents by using thread roller bearings (needle roller bearings).

Next, the flow of current is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. First, a current 3a is generated in a centrifugal direction from the inner circumference to the outer circumference of the left copper disk 5a in FIG. 3b flows to the inner circumference and flows to the right bearing 8. The current 3 flowing from the inner circumference of the copper disk 5b flows to the conductor 10 rotating together with the rotating shaft 4 shown in FIG. 3, to the inner ring 8a, and from there to the stationary outer ring 8b. Since no load is applied to the bearing 8 used for current collection, no large load is applied. Note that the bearing that receives the original load is not shown.

However, it should be noted that in order to connect two copper disks 5 at the outer periphery and across the iron disk 6, as shown in FIG. It will cross a strong magnetic field (inward), and will encounter extremely large resistance. Therefore, in order to cross the strong magnetic field, a connecting passage (hole or groove) 11 is provided on the outer periphery of the iron disk 6, and if the current is allowed to pass through the connecting passage 11, it will not be affected by the magnetic field. Can be connected in series.

In addition, in the monopolar power generation of the present invention, the direction in which free electrons flow is a combination of the centrifugal direction and the centripetal direction, so if the outer circumferences of the two copper disks 5 are connected at multiple points, more electrons (current) will flow. It becomes easier.

Furthermore, in order to obtain a higher voltage, many series connections can be made by combining not only one pair of copper disks 5 on the left and right sides as shown in Fig. 2, but also more copper disks 5. Therefore, the voltage can be increased. Everything about electricity is a matter of the potential difference (V) applied to the flow of free electrons and the flow rate (A) of the electrons.

Water electrolysis is one of the fields that requires the low voltage and high current of direct current, which are the characteristics of unipolar generators. As one of the recent efforts to prevent global warming, there is a technology to electrolyze water to obtain hydrogen (water electrolysis), but as stated in Non-Patent Document 1, the current technology is to convert alternating current into direct current. Therefore, the efficiency is not very good. However, if the flow rate (A) of electrons is large at low voltage like a unipolar generator, the amount of hydrogen generated increases, which is advantageous in water electrolysis.

In addition, recently there has been a demand for electric vehicles (BEVs) to be popularized instead of gasoline vehicles that emit carbon dioxide, and low DC voltage and high current are required when charging secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries). Currently, the motor that drives an electric car is a motor with a magnet as a rotor and a coil as a stator, and while it is a motor while driving, it generates electricity as a generator when decelerating, and is called a motor generator (MG). It is. The generated alternating current is rectified by a diode, etc. to turn it into direct current, which is used to charge a lead-acid battery, etc., and later to charge a secondary battery.

On the other hand, a single-pole generator does not have a stator and generates DC electricity only with the rotor, so it can generate electricity while driving without slowing down an electric car with a large amount of momentum, and can charge the secondary battery. A generator could be a game changer.

1 Magnetic field 2 Rotation direction 3 Current 3a Centrifugal current 3b Centripetal current 4 Rotating shaft 5 Copper disk 6 Iron disk 7 Magnet 8 Bearing 8a Inner ring 8b Outer ring 8c Cylindrical roller 9 Insulating material 10 Conductor 11 Connection passage (hole or groove) )

Claims (3)

A rotating shaft made of magnetic material,
a disc-shaped rotor made of a magnetic material supported by the rotating shaft;
a rotor that is a pair of donut-shaped conductors that sandwich both sides of the rotor made of the magnetic material from the outside, and whose diameter is slightly shorter than the diameter of the rotor made of the magnetic material;
Furthermore, a pair of donut-shaped magnets with the direction of the magnetic field facing the NN (or SS) are attached so as to sandwich the rotor made of the two donut-shaped conductors from the outside,
One or more connecting passages (holes or grooves) are provided on the outer periphery of the rotor made of the two conductors so that the rotor made of the magnetic material can be energized across the rotor, and the two conductors are connected in series;
A unipolar generator in which the rotor made of the one magnetic material, the rotor made of the two conductors, and the two magnets all form an integrated rotor. 2. The unipolar generator according to claim 1, wherein bearings are attached to both left and right sides of the integral rotor supported by the rotating shaft, and an insulator is sandwiched between the rotating shaft and the bearings so that the rotating shaft and the bearings are not energized. energizing the inner periphery of the rotor made of the conductor and the inner ring of the left bearing;
energize the inner circumference of the rotor made of the conductor on the right side and the inner ring of the bearing on the right side,
The brushless single-pole generator collects current from the outside from the outer rings of the left and right bearings. 3. The brushless single-pole generator according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of rotors each made of the two donut-shaped conductors are made,
Electrical connection between the left and right rotors made of the plurality of sets of conductors is achieved by creating the connection passages on the outer and inner circumferential sides of the rotor made of magnetic material, thereby creating a brushless single-pole generator with a longer series connection. .