JP2024010627A - Soil improvement agent and soil improvement method - Google Patents
Soil improvement agent and soil improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001438 immunostimulant agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003022 immunostimulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003308 immunostimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、土壌改良剤及び土壌改良剤を用いる土壌改良方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a soil improving agent and a soil improving method using the soil improving agent.
土壌改良剤は、土壌の性質を改善するため、従来、農業、林業や土木建築等に用いられ、これら適用について多くの改良がなされ、種々検討されている。
近年においては、産業用廃棄物を用いた土壌改良剤、少量の合成高分子系の土壌改良剤、植物の由来の成分を用いた土壌改良剤又は塩害土壌の改良を目指した土壌改良剤が検討されている。
Soil conditioners have conventionally been used in agriculture, forestry, civil engineering and construction to improve the properties of soil, and many improvements have been made and various studies have been made for these applications.
In recent years, soil conditioners using industrial waste, small amounts of synthetic polymer soil conditioners, soil conditioners using plant-derived ingredients, or soil conditioners aimed at improving salt-damaged soil have been studied. has been done.
特許文献１には、パルプスラッジとセメントと水とを混合した後、乾燥させた土壌改良剤が記載されている。しかしながら、製造工程が煩雑で、製造期間が長く、製造時に液肥を用いなければならず、品質管理も困難であるといった問題があった。また、酸性土壌に施肥しても酸性土壌を中性及びアルカリ性に調整するには、まだまだ満足のいくものではなかった。なお、特許文献１には、製紙スラッジ、フライアッシュ、ゼオライト又は珪藻土を用い加熱乾燥して成るものは、酸性の土壌を中性又はアルカリ性に調整する効果が不十分であると記載されている。 Patent Document 1 describes a soil conditioner prepared by mixing pulp sludge, cement, and water and then drying the mixture. However, there are problems in that the manufacturing process is complicated, the manufacturing period is long, liquid fertilizer must be used during manufacturing, and quality control is difficult. Further, even if fertilizer is applied to acidic soil, it is still not satisfactory to adjust acidic soil to neutrality or alkalinity. Note that Patent Document 1 states that papermaking sludge, fly ash, zeolite, or diatomaceous earth that is heated and dried is insufficiently effective in adjusting acidic soil to neutrality or alkalinity.
特許文献２には、植物の搾汁液を処理液とし、酸化カルシウムを加えてカルシウム化合物を生成し、液状にした土壌改良剤が、土壌改良機能を損なうことなく分散性を向上させることが記載されている。しかしながら、液状にして土壌に施肥すると土壌が団粒状態となり、土壌改良効果が十分に発揮されないといった問題があった。特に、酸性土壌においては、吸水性が悪く、液状の土壌改良剤では、効果が十分に発揮されないといった問題があった。 Patent Document 2 describes that a soil conditioner made by using plant juice as a treatment liquid and adding calcium oxide to produce a calcium compound to form a liquid improves dispersibility without impairing the soil improvement function. ing. However, when fertilized in a liquid form and applied to soil, the soil becomes aggregated and there is a problem in that the soil improvement effect is not sufficiently exerted. Particularly in acidic soil, water absorption is poor, and liquid soil conditioners are not sufficiently effective.
特許文献３には、塩害土壌の改良を目的とした土壌改良剤が記載されている。しかしながら、土壌中の塩分を吸収しても、吸収効率が悪く、酸性土壌を中性及びアルカリ性に調節するのに時間を要するといった問題があった。また、特許文献３に記載の土壌改良剤には、藻類、米糠、及びピートモスが有効成分として含まれているが、時間経過により品質が劣化するといった問題もあった。
そのため、酸性土壌を中性及びアルカリ性に容易に調節できる土壌改良剤が待ち望まれた。
Patent Document 3 describes a soil conditioner aimed at improving salt-damaged soil. However, even if salts in the soil are absorbed, the absorption efficiency is poor and it takes time to adjust acidic soil to neutrality and alkalinity. Further, the soil conditioner described in Patent Document 3 contains algae, rice bran, and peat moss as active ingredients, but there is also a problem that the quality deteriorates over time.
Therefore, a soil conditioner that can easily adjust acidic soil to neutral or alkaline has been awaited.
本発明は、優れた土壌改良機能を持つ土壌改良剤及び土壌改良剤を用いる土壌改良方法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement agent having an excellent soil improvement function and a soil improvement method using the soil improvement agent.
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成すべく鋭意検討した結果、多孔質物質を含む土壌改良剤であって、前記多孔質物質が複数の細孔を有する多孔質体を含む多孔質粒子を含んでおり、前記細孔の平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であり、かつ前記細孔の形状が略円筒状である土壌改良剤が、優れた土壌改良機能を備えていること等を知見し、このような多孔質粒子が、上記した従来の問題を一挙に解決できるものであることを見出した。
また、本発明者らは、上記知見を得た後、さらに検討を重ねて、本発明を完成させるに至った。
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have discovered a soil conditioner containing a porous substance, the porous substance containing porous particles containing a porous body having a plurality of pores. It has been found that a soil improvement agent in which the average pore diameter of the pores is within the range of 8 nm ± 2 nm and the pore shape is approximately cylindrical has an excellent soil improvement function. It has been discovered that such porous particles can solve the above-mentioned conventional problems all at once.
Further, after obtaining the above knowledge, the present inventors conducted further studies and completed the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は、以下の発明に関する。
［１］ 多孔質物質を含む土壌改良剤であって、前記多孔質物質が複数の細孔を有する多孔質体を含む多孔質粒子を含んでおり、前記細孔の平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であり、かつ前記細孔の形状が略円筒状であることを特徴とする土壌改良剤。
［２］ 前記細孔が、貫通孔である前記［１］記載の土壌改良剤。
［３］ 前記細孔が、＜１１１＞配向している結晶を含む前記［１］又は［２］に記載の土壌改良剤。
［４］ 前記細孔の孔径と深さとの比が、１：１０～１：１０００の範囲内である前記［１］～［３］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤。
［５］ 前記多孔質粒子のＪＩＳ Ｚ８７２２に規定される白色度が９０以上である前記［１］～［４］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤。
［６］ 前記多孔質粒子の平均粒径が０.１μｍ～１０μｍである前記［１］～［５］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤。
［７］ 前記多孔質粒子が酸化物を主成分として含む前記［１］～［６］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤。
［８］ 前記酸化物がＳｉＯ２を含む前記［７］に記載の土壌改良剤。
［９］ 前記酸化物におけるＦｅ２Ｏ３の含有量が０．０１ａｔ％～０．５ａｔ％である前記［７］又は［８］に記載の土壌改良剤。
［１０］ 前記多孔質粒子が、前記細孔を５以上含む前記［１］～［９］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤。
［１１］ 前記多孔質粒子が、珪藻土を主成分として含む前記［１］記載の土壌改良剤。
［１２］ 前記［１］～［１１］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤を土壌に添加する工程を含むことを特徴とする土壌改良方法。
［１３］ 前記［１］～［１１］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤を配合していることを特徴とする改良土壌。
［１４］ 植物生育前または生育中の土壌に前記［１］～［１１］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤を施すことを特徴とする植物の生育方法。
［１５］ 前記［１］～［１１］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤を配合した土壌で発芽又は生育させたことを特徴とする植物苗。
［１６］ 前記［１３］又は［１５］に記載の土壌及び植物苗で構成されていることを特徴とするポット苗。
［１７］ 前記［１］～［１１］のいずれかに記載の土壌改良剤を配合した土壌で発芽又は生育させたことを特徴とする植物。
That is, the present invention relates to the following inventions.
[1] A soil conditioner containing a porous material, wherein the porous material contains porous particles containing a porous body having a plurality of pores, and the pores have an average pore diameter of 8 nm ± 2 nm. A soil improvement agent which is within the range and wherein the shape of the pores is approximately cylindrical.
[2] The soil conditioner according to [1] above, wherein the pores are through holes.
[3] The soil conditioner according to [1] or [2], wherein the pores include <111> oriented crystals.
[4] The soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein the pore diameter to depth ratio is within the range of 1:10 to 1:1000.
[5] The soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [4] above, wherein the porous particles have a whiteness defined by JIS Z8722 of 90 or more.
[6] The soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [5] above, wherein the porous particles have an average particle size of 0.1 μm to 10 μm.
[7] The soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [6] above, wherein the porous particles contain an oxide as a main component.
[8] The soil conditioner according to [7] above, wherein the oxide contains SiO 2 .
[9] The soil conditioner according to [7] or [8], wherein the content of Fe 2 O 3 in the oxide is 0.01 at% to 0.5 at%.
[10] The soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [9] above, wherein the porous particles contain five or more pores.
[11] The soil conditioner according to [1] above, wherein the porous particles contain diatomaceous earth as a main component.
[12] A soil improvement method comprising the step of adding the soil improvement agent according to any one of [1] to [11] above to soil.
[13] Improved soil characterized by containing the soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [11] above.
[14] A method for growing plants, which comprises applying the soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [11] above to soil before or during plant growth.
[15] A plant seedling germinated or grown in soil containing the soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [11] above.
[16] A potted seedling comprising the soil and plant seedling according to [13] or [15] above.
[17] A plant germinated or grown in soil containing the soil conditioner according to any one of [1] to [11] above.
本発明の土壌改良剤及び土壌改良剤を用いる土壌改良方法は、優れた土壌改良機能を奏する。 The soil improvement agent and the soil improvement method using the soil improvement agent of the present invention exhibit an excellent soil improvement function.
本発明の多孔質粒子は、複数の細孔を有する多孔質体を含む多孔質粒子であって、前記細孔の平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であり、かつ前記細孔の形状が略円筒状であれば特に限定されない。 The porous particles of the present invention are porous particles including a porous body having a plurality of pores, the pores having an average pore diameter within a range of 8 nm±2 nm, and the pores having an approximately There is no particular limitation as long as it is cylindrical.
前記多孔質粒子は、前記多孔質体を含む粒子であればそれでよく、粒子の形状等は特に限定されないし、他の多孔質体、賦形剤、結着剤又は接着剤等の添加剤などが含まれていてもよい。本発明においては、前記細孔が、貫通孔であるのが好ましい。また、＜１１１＞配向している結晶を含むのが好ましい。なお、前記貫通孔は、便宜上、Ｘｅ－ＮＭＲにて確認できるものであってよい。また、前記結晶はＸ線回折装置を用いて確認できるものであってよい。また、本発明においては、前記粒子の平均粒径が０.１μｍ～１０μｍであるのが好ましい。このような好ましい範囲によれば、土壌改良機能において、より優れた性能を発揮することができる。なお、前記平均粒径は、任意に抽出した１０個の粒子の粒径の平均値をいう。 The porous particles may be particles containing the porous body, and the shape of the particles is not particularly limited, and other porous particles, excipients, additives such as binders or adhesives, etc. may be included. In the present invention, it is preferable that the pores are through holes. Further, it is preferable to include crystals with <111> orientation. Note that, for convenience, the through hole may be one that can be confirmed by Xe-NMR. Further, the crystal may be confirmed using an X-ray diffraction device. Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the average particle size of the particles is 0.1 μm to 10 μm. According to such a preferable range, more excellent performance can be exhibited in the soil improvement function. Note that the average particle size refers to the average value of the particle sizes of 10 arbitrarily extracted particles.
前記多孔質体は、複数の細孔を有するものであって、前記細孔の平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であり、前記細孔の形状が略円筒状であれば特に限定されないが、前記細孔の孔径と深さとの比が、１：１０～１：１０００の範囲内であるのが好ましく、１：１０～１：１００の範囲内であるのがより好ましい。前記多孔質体の好適な態様を図１に示す。図１の多孔質体は、複数の細孔を有している多孔質体であり、図１には、Ａ－Ａ’断面図とともに、前記細孔の形状が円筒状であることが示されている。前記細孔は、平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であり、かつ形状が略円筒状であることが土壌改良機能において肝要である。本発明においては、前記平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であるのが好ましく、前記形状が円筒状であるのも好ましい。 The porous body has a plurality of pores, and is not particularly limited as long as the average pore diameter of the pores is within the range of 8 nm ± 2 nm, and the shape of the pores is approximately cylindrical. The ratio of the pore diameter to the depth of the pores is preferably within the range of 1:10 to 1:1000, more preferably within the range of 1:10 to 1:100. A preferred embodiment of the porous body is shown in FIG. The porous body shown in FIG. 1 is a porous body having a plurality of pores, and FIG. 1 shows that the shape of the pores is cylindrical along with the AA' cross-sectional view. ing. It is important for the soil improvement function that the pores have an average pore diameter within the range of 8 nm±2 nm and have a substantially cylindrical shape. In the present invention, it is preferable that the average pore diameter is within a range of 8 nm±2 nm, and it is also preferable that the shape is cylindrical.
前記平均孔径は、任意に抽出した１０個の細孔の孔径の平均値をいう。前記孔径は、前記細孔の直径を意味し、例えば、図１に示されるｗ１をいう。前記深さは、前記細孔の深さを意味し、例えば、前記細孔が貫通孔である場合には、便宜上、前記多孔質体粒子の粒径を前記深さとしてもよい。前記深さは、例えば、ｄ１をいう。なお、図１のｗ１は、例えば８ｎｍであり、ｄ１は、例えば５０ｎｍである。 The average pore diameter refers to the average value of the pore diameters of 10 arbitrarily extracted pores. The pore diameter means the diameter of the pore, and refers to w1 shown in FIG. 1, for example. The said depth means the depth of the said pore, and for example, when the said pore is a through hole, the particle size of the said porous body particle may be set to the said depth for convenience. The depth is, for example, d1. Note that w1 in FIG. 1 is, for example, 8 nm, and d1 is, for example, 50 nm.
前記多孔質粒子の構成材料は、本発明の目的を阻害しない限り特に限定されないが、本発明においては、酸化物を主成分として含むのが好ましい。前記酸化物は、ＳｉＯ２を含むのが好ましく、また、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を含むのも好ましい。また、本発明においては、前記酸化物におけるＦｅ２Ｏ３の含有量が組成比で０．５ａｔ％以下であるのが好ましく、０．１ａｔ％以下であるのがより好ましい。前記酸化物におけるＦｅ２Ｏ３の含有量の下限は特に限定されないが、例えば０．０１ａｔ％である。このような好ましいＦｅ２Ｏ３の含有量の前記酸化物を主成分として含む前記多孔質粒子は、例えば雨季と乾季とを有する熱帯モンスーン気候下の珪藻土層の一定の深さの区画から抽出される珪藻土を焼成及び粒子状に整粒することにより、容易に得ることができる。なお、前記焼成及び前記整粒の手段及び順序等は本発明の目的を阻害しない限り特に限定されず、公知の手段等が好適に用いられ、これら条件等も適宜設定されてよい。 The constituent material of the porous particles is not particularly limited as long as it does not impede the object of the present invention, but in the present invention, it is preferable that the material contains an oxide as a main component. The oxide preferably contains SiO 2 and also preferably contains Al 2 O 3 . Further, in the present invention, the content of Fe 2 O 3 in the oxide is preferably 0.5 at% or less in terms of composition ratio, and more preferably 0.1 at% or less. The lower limit of the content of Fe 2 O 3 in the oxide is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.01 at%. The porous particles containing the oxide as a main component with such a preferable content of Fe 2 O 3 are extracted from a section at a certain depth of a diatomaceous earth layer under a tropical monsoon climate having a rainy season and a dry season, for example. It can be easily obtained by firing and sizing diatomaceous earth into particles. Note that the means and order of the firing and particle size adjustment are not particularly limited as long as they do not impede the object of the present invention, and known means may be suitably used, and these conditions may be set as appropriate.
前記多孔質粒子は、前記細孔を５以上含むのが好ましく、このような好ましい範囲によれば、土壌改良機能をより優れたものとすることができる。 It is preferable that the porous particles contain five or more pores, and according to such a preferable range, the soil improvement function can be improved.
前記多孔質粒子は、例えば、タイや日本等の珪藻土層において、ＳＥＭ又はＴＥＭ等の顕微鏡にて測定される、前記細孔の平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であり、前記細孔の形状が略円筒状であり、前記細孔の孔径と深さとの比が、１：１０～１：１０００の範囲内となる多孔質体が含まれる珪藻土層の区画から、所定の珪藻土を常法に従い取り出し、ついで公知の手段を用いて焼成及び粒子状に整粒することにより、容易に得ることが可能である。なお、タイや日本（例えば稚内等）などの珪藻土層において、前記区画が存在し、かつ前記区画にて容易に前記細孔の平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であり、前記細孔の形状が略円筒状である前記多孔質体を含む前記多孔質粒子を取り出せることは、本発明者らによる新知見である。また、本発明においては、前記多孔質粒子のＪＩＳ Ｚ８７２２に規定される白色度が８０以上であるのが好ましく、９０以上であるのがより好ましい。このような好ましい白色度を有する前記多孔質粒子は、例えば、上記したように、前記多孔質粒子のＦｅ２Ｏ３の含有量を０．５ａｔ％以下とすることにより、容易に得ることができる。 The porous particles have, for example, a diatomaceous earth layer in Thailand, Japan, etc., and the average pore size of the pores is within a range of 8 nm±2 nm, as measured by a microscope such as SEM or TEM, and the shape of the pores is A predetermined amount of diatomaceous earth is extracted from a section of the diatomaceous earth layer containing a porous body having a substantially cylindrical shape and a ratio of the pore diameter to depth within the range of 1:10 to 1:1000. It can be easily obtained by taking it out, then firing it and sizing it into particles using known means. In addition, in the diatomaceous earth layer of Thailand and Japan (for example, Wakkanai etc.), the above-mentioned division exists, and the average pore diameter of the pore in the said division is easily within the range of 8 nm ± 2 nm, and the shape of the pore is It is a new finding by the present inventors that the porous particles containing the porous body having a substantially cylindrical shape can be taken out. Further, in the present invention, the whiteness of the porous particles defined in JIS Z8722 is preferably 80 or more, more preferably 90 or more. The porous particles having such preferable whiteness can be easily obtained, for example, by controlling the content of Fe 2 O 3 in the porous particles to 0.5 at% or less, as described above. .
前記多孔質粒子はそのままで又はさらに例えばバインダー等の添加剤や溶媒等と混合され、断湿材、消臭剤、放射性物質吸着材又は不純物吸着材等の製品として用いることができる。前記混合手段は公知の手段であってよい。なお、このような処理方法も本発明に包含される。前記多孔質粒子は、土壌改良材において、１０重量％以上含まれるのが好ましく、このような好ましい範囲によれば、前記捕集蓄積機能をより良好なものとすることができる。 The porous particles can be used as they are or mixed with additives such as binders, solvents, etc. as products such as moisture insulators, deodorants, radioactive substance adsorbents, and impurity adsorbents. The mixing means may be any known means. Note that such processing methods are also included in the present invention. It is preferable that the porous particles are contained in the soil improvement material in an amount of 10% by weight or more, and according to such a preferable range, the collection and accumulation function can be improved.
また、前記土壌改良剤は前記多孔質粒子が使用された後の再利用品であってもよい。使用済みの前記多孔質粒子を前記土壌改良剤として再利用することにより、より環境に配慮した土壌改良処理等を実現することができる。 Further, the soil conditioner may be a reused product after the porous particles have been used. By reusing the used porous particles as the soil improvement agent, more environmentally friendly soil improvement treatment can be realized.
（実施例１）
タイの一定の深さにある珪藻土層において、図２に示されるように、顕微鏡（ＴＥＭ）にて測定される、前記細孔の平均孔径が８ｎｍ±２ｎｍの範囲内であり、前記細孔の形状が円筒状であり、前記細孔の孔径と深さとの比が、１：１０～１：１０００の範囲内となる多孔質体が得られる珪藻土層の区画から、珪藻土を取り出し、ついで６６０℃で焼成及び１０μｍに整粒することにより、本発明の多孔質粒子を得た。なお、得られた多孔質粒子は、Ｘｅ－ＮＭＲにて細孔解析を実施したところ細孔壁面の形状は真っ直ぐに貫通された形状であり、貫通孔を有していた。また、Ｘ線回折装置を用いて多孔質粒子の結晶性につき評価したところ＜１１１＞配向している結晶であることがわかった。また、白度計（ＪＩＳ Ｚ８７２２）にて１０箇所以上の複数地点で計測したところ、いずれも８０以上であり、かつ平均で９０以上であり、きれいで且つ良好な白色を有していた。また、得られた多孔質粒子のＦｅ２Ｏ３の含有量を測定したところ、０．５ａｔ％以下であった。
(Example 1)
In the diatomaceous earth layer located at a certain depth in Thailand, as shown in Figure 2, the average pore diameter of the pores measured using a microscope (TEM) is within the range of 8 nm ± 2 nm, and the pore diameter is within the range of 8 nm ± 2 nm. Diatomaceous earth is taken out from a section of the diatomaceous earth layer from which a porous body having a cylindrical shape and a pore diameter to depth ratio of 1:10 to 1:1000 is obtained, and then heated at 660°C. Porous particles of the present invention were obtained by firing and sizing to 10 μm. Note that when the obtained porous particles were subjected to pore analysis using Xe-NMR, the shape of the pore wall surface was straight and penetrated, and it was found that the particles had through holes. Furthermore, when the crystallinity of the porous particles was evaluated using an X-ray diffraction device, it was found that the crystals were <111> oriented. Further, when the whiteness was measured at 10 or more points using a whiteness meter (JIS Z8722), the whiteness was 80 or more, and the average was 90 or more, indicating that it had a beautiful and good white color. Moreover, when the content of Fe 2 O 3 in the obtained porous particles was measured, it was found to be 0.5 at% or less.
得られた多孔質粒子を、図３に示すように、植物８が植えられているプランターの土１０の上に土壌改良剤９として散布し、植物の生育を観察した。その結果、本発明の土壌改良剤を用いた場合、茎等が太くなり、発色も良く、肥料や免疫賦活剤のような効果があった。また、根腐れも全く発生しなかった。他のものに比べて、実施例品は、虫等が付きにくく、蜘蛛の巣なども有意になかった。 The obtained porous particles were sprayed as a soil conditioner 9 onto the soil 10 of a planter in which plants 8 were planted, as shown in FIG. 3, and the growth of the plants was observed. As a result, when the soil conditioner of the present invention was used, the stems etc. became thicker, the color development was good, and the effect was similar to that of a fertilizer or an immunostimulant. Moreover, root rot did not occur at all. Compared to the other products, the example product was less likely to attract insects and was significantly free of spider webs.
本発明の多孔質粒子は、土壌改良剤として好適に用いられ、植物生育用の土等に好適に用いられる。 The porous particles of the present invention are suitably used as a soil conditioner, and suitably used in soil for growing plants.
１ 多孔質体
２ 細孔
ｄ１ 孔径
ｄ２ 深さ
８ 植物
９ 土壌改良剤
１０ 土
1 Porous body 2 Pore d1 Pore diameter d2 Depth 8 Plant 9 Soil conditioner 10 Soil
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