JP2023545714A - Allocation of transmit power according to RF exposure requirements - Google Patents

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, user equipment (UE) provides a first amount of power to one or more radios for a time window based on radio frequency (RF) exposure information and one or more other criteria. May be allocated. The UE determines whether the at least one of the one or more radios for one or more time frames within the time window based on the first amount of power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window. A second amount of power may be allocated to selected channels or communications utilized by the radio. The UE may transmit the selected channel or communication based on the first amount of power or the second amount of power. A number of other aspects are described.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This patent application is filed on October 8, 2020 and is incorporated by reference in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/198,300 entitled "CHANNEL PRIORITIZATION FOR TIME-AVERAGED POWER LIMIT MANAGEMENT," filed on October 31, 2020. U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/108,315, filed November 6, 2020, entitled "ALLOCATION OF TRANSMIT POWER IN COMPLIANCE WITH RF EXPOSURE REQUIREMENTS" U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/110,552, filed on October 7, 2021, claims priority to U.S. Nonprovisional Patent Application No. 17/450,262, entitled "ALLOCATION OF TRANSMIT POWER IN COMPLIANCE WITH RF EXPOSURE REQUIREMENTS" do. These patent applications are expressly incorporated herein by reference.

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunications services such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcast. Modern wireless communication devices (such as mobile phones) are generally required to meet radio frequency (RF) exposure limits set by national and international standards and regulations. To ensure compliance with these standards, such devices currently must undergo an extensive certification process before being shipped to the market.

Certain aspects described herein relate to methods of wireless communication performed by wireless devices. The method may include allocating a first amount of power to one or more radios of the wireless device for a time window based on radio frequency (RF) exposure information and one or more other criteria. . The method includes determining whether the at least one of the one or more radios for one or more time frames within the time window is based on a first amount of power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window. The method may include allocating a second amount of power to selected channels or communications utilized by one radio. The method may include transmitting a selected channel or communication based on the first amount of power or the second amount of power.

Certain aspects described herein relate to user equipment (UE) for wireless communications. User equipment may include memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to allocate a first amount of power to the one or more radios for the time window based on the RF exposure information and one or more other criteria. The one or more processors determine whether or not the at least one of the one or more radios for one or more time frames within the time window is based on the power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window. The second amount of transmit power may be configured to allocate a second amount of transmit power to selected channels or communications utilized by the transmitter.

Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores one or more instructions for wireless communication by user equipment. The one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the user equipment, cause the user equipment to receive information about the user equipment for a time window based on the RF exposure information and one or more other criteria. The first amount of power may be allocated to one or more radios. The one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the user equipment, cause the user equipment to receive one within the time window based on the power allocated to at least one radio for the time window. A second amount of transmit power may be allocated to a selected channel or communication utilized by at least one of the one or more radios for one or more time frames.

Certain aspects described herein relate to apparatus for wireless communications. The apparatus may include means for allocating a first amount of power to one or more radios of a device including the apparatus for a time window based on RF exposure information and one or more other criteria. . The device is utilized by at least one of the one or more radios for one or more time frames within the time window based on power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window. Means may also be included for allocating a second amount of transmit power to the selected channel or communication.

Aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer readable media, user equipment, base stations, as herein fully described with reference to the drawings, and as illustrated by the drawings. including wireless communication devices and/or processing systems.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to this disclosure in order that the following Detailed Description may be better understood. Additional features and advantages are described below. The concepts and embodiments disclosed may be readily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures to accomplish the same objectives of this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The nature of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description, when considered in conjunction with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided by way of illustration and explanation, and not as a definition of a limitation of the claims.

Although aspects are described in this disclosure by illustrating several examples, those skilled in the art will appreciate that such aspects may be implemented in many different configurations and scenarios. The techniques described herein may be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and/or packaging configurations. For example, some aspects are applicable to integrated chip embodiments or other non-modular component-based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail/purchasing devices, medical devices, and and/or artificial intelligence-enabled devices). Aspects may be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and/or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals requires one or more components (e.g., antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, etc.) for analog and digital purposes. (hardware components including (adders) and/or adders (summers)). It is intended that the aspects described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed configurations, and/or end-user devices of varying sizes, shapes, and structures.

Several aspects of the disclosure are illustrated. However, as the description may lead to other equally effective aspects, the accompanying drawings depict only some typical aspects of the disclosure and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the disclosure. Please note that there is no.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication network in accordance with the present disclosure. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) design in accordance with this disclosure. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example radio frequency (RF) transceiver in accordance with the present disclosure. FIG. FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a normalized specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution combined with a normalized power density (PD) distribution in accordance with the present disclosure. 3 is a flowchart illustrating example operations for grouping antennas for RF exposure compliance by a UE in accordance with this disclosure. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example grouping of multiple antennas of a wireless communication device in accordance with the present disclosure. 3 is a flowchart illustrating example operations for determining backoff coefficients for antenna groups in accordance with this disclosure. 5 is a flowchart illustrating example operations for assigning antennas to groups based on backoff factors in accordance with this disclosure. 2 is a flowchart illustrating example operations for wireless communication by a UE in accordance with this disclosure. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 of determining transmit power based on a type of channel in accordance with the present disclosure. FIG.

To facilitate understanding, where possible, the same reference numbers have been used to designate the same elements common to the figures. Without specific recitation, it is contemplated that elements disclosed in one aspect may be advantageously utilized in other aspects.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance. Transmit power may be allocated among one or more channels across one or more radios in a device according to RF exposure requirements, eg, according to time-averaged RF exposure requirements. In some cases, antennas may be grouped, for example, backoff factors may be used to determine antenna grouping. In aspects, antenna groups may be defined and/or operated to be mutually exclusive with respect to RF exposure. In such embodiments, RF exposure compliance and corresponding transmit power levels may be determined separately for each antenna group. Transmit power may be allocated to maintain the link, maintain quality of service, or may be allocated according to one or more other criteria. Allocation may be performed for each antenna group and/or each radio within the device. In some such aspects, transmit power is allocated to maintain basic operation on a channel or set of channels while allowing a device to increase opportunities to transmit uplink data.

The following description provides examples of RF exposure compliance in communication systems and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or examples described herein. Changes may be made in the function and arrangement of the described elements without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than the described order, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Also, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method practiced using any number of the aspects described herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure may be practiced using other structures, features, or structures and features in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure described herein. shall cover such devices or methods. It is to be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects.

Generally, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular radio access technology (RAT) and operate on one or more frequencies. RAT is also referred to as radio technology or air interface. Frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, subcarrier, frequency channel, tone, subband, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs.

The techniques described herein may be used for a variety of wireless networks and/or radio technologies. Although aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 3G, 4G, and/or new radio (e.g., 5G New Radio (NR)) wireless technologies, Aspects may be applied in other generation-based communication systems.

NR access includes enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), which targets wide bandwidths (e.g., 80MHz and above), millimeter wave (mmWave), which targets high carrier frequencies (e.g., 24GHz to 53GHz and above), and MTC, which is not backward compatible. A variety of wireless communication services may be supported, such as Massive Machine Type Communication (MTC) targeting techniques (mMTC), and/or Mission Critical targeting Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC). These services may include latency and reliability requirements. These services may also have different transmission time intervals (TTI) to meet their respective quality of service (QoS) requirements. Additionally, these services may coexist in the same subframe. NR supports beamforming and beam directions may be configured dynamically. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission with precoding may also be supported, and multi-layer transmission may also be supported. Aggregation of multiple cells may be supported.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network 100 in which aspects of this disclosure may be implemented. For example, wireless communication network 100 may include an NR system (e.g., 5G NR network), an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) system (e.g., 4G network), a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) (e.g., 2G /3G network), or a code division multiple access (CDMA) system (eg, a 2G/3G network), or may be configured for communication according to an IEEE standard, such as one or more of the 802.11 standards. As shown in FIG. 1, UE 120a includes an RF exposure manager 122 that groups antennas for RF exposure compliance and/or enforces RF exposure compliance on a per antenna group basis in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 1, a wireless communication network 100 may include a number of BSs 110a-110z (each also referred to herein individually as BS110 or collectively as BS110) and other network entities. . A BS110 can provide communications coverage for a specific geographical area, which is sometimes referred to as a "cell" and can be fixed or mobile according to the location of the mobile BS110. Good too. In some examples, BS 110 can communicate within wireless communication network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces (e.g., direct physical connections, wireless connections, virtual networks, etc.) using any suitable transport network. They may be interconnected to each other and/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown). In the example shown in FIG. 1, BSs 110a, 110b, and 110c may be macro BSs for macrocells 102a, 102b, and 102c, respectively. BS 110x may be a pico BS for pico cell 102x. BS 110y and 110z may be femto BSs for femtocells 102y and 102z, respectively. A BS may support one or more cells.

BS 110 communicates within wireless communication network 100 with UEs 120a-120y (each also referred to herein individually as UE 120 or collectively as UEs 120). UEs 120 (eg, 120x, 120y, etc.) may be distributed throughout wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be fixed or mobile. Wireless communication network 100 may include a relay station (e.g., relay station 110r), also referred to as a relay, that transmits data and/or other information from an upstream station (e.g., BS 110a or UE 120r). receive and transmit data and/or other information transmissions to downstream stations (e.g., UEs 120 or BSs 110) or relay transmissions between UEs 120 to facilitate communications between the devices; .

Network controller 130 may be in communication with a set of BSs 110 and may provide coordination and control for these BSs 110 (eg, via backhaul). In some cases, network controller 130 may include a centralized unit (CU) and/or a distributed unit (DU), for example in a 5G NR system. In aspects, the network controller 130 may be in communication with a core network 132 (e.g., a 5G core network (5GC)), where the core network 132 includes access and mobility management, session management, user plane functions, policy control functions. It provides various network functions, such as authentication server function, integrated data management, application function, network exposure function, network repository function, and network slice selection function.

Devices in a wireless network may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, etc. For example, devices in wireless communication network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. For 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410MHz to 7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz). Although portions of FR1 are higher than 6GHz, it should be understood that FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a "sub-6GHz" band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue may arise regarding FR2, which refers to the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30GHz to 300GHz) identified by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as the "millimeter wave" band. Although different, it is often (interchangeably) referred to in documents and articles as the "millimeter wave" band.

Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating band for these intermediate band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125GHz to 24.25GHz). Frequency bands falling into FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and/or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the FR1 and/or FR2 characteristics to mid-band frequencies. Additionally, higher frequency bands are currently being considered to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6GHz to 71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz to 114.25GHz), and FR5 (114.25GHz to 300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

With the above example in mind, unless otherwise specified, terms such as "sub-6GHz" as used herein may be below 6GHz or may be within FR1. It is to be understood that frequencies may be broadly expressed, which may include intermediate band frequencies. Additionally, unless otherwise specified, terms such as "millimeter wave" as used herein may include intermediate band frequencies, FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and/or It is to be understood that frequencies that may be within the FR5 or within the EHF band may be broadly represented. Frequencies included within these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and/or FR5) may be modified, and the techniques described herein may is contemplated to be applicable to a modified frequency range of .

FIG. 2 illustrates example components 200 of BS 110a and UE 120a (eg, of wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1) that may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure.

At BS 110a, transmit processor 220 may receive data from data source 212 and control information from controller/processor 240. Control information includes physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) indicator channel (PHICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH). It can be for such things. The data may be for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or the like. A medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) is a MAC layer communication structure that may be used for control command exchange between wireless nodes. MAC-CE may be carried in a shared channel, such as a PDSCH, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), or a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

Processor 220 may process (eg, encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. Transmit processor 220 also generates reference symbols, such as with respect to a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS). can be generated. A transmit (TX) MIMO processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on data symbols, control symbols, and/or reference symbols, if applicable, and may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, control symbols, and/or reference symbols, and may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, control symbols, and/or reference symbols, and may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, control symbols, and/or reference symbols, and may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the may provide an output symbol stream to. Each modulator transceiver 232a-232t may process a respective output symbol stream (eg, for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator may further process (eg, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Downlink signals from modulator transceivers 232a-232t may be transmitted via antennas 234a-234t, respectively.

At UE 120a, antennas 252a-252r may receive downlink signals from BS 110a and provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) within transceivers 254a-254r, respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers 254a-254r may condition (eg, filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator may further process the input samples (eg, for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all demodulators in transceivers 254a-254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 processes (e.g., demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes) the detected symbols, provides decoded data for UE 120a to data sink 260, and decoded control information to controller/processor 280. can be provided to

On the uplink, at UE 120a, transmit processor 264 transmits data from data source 262 (e.g., for PUSCH) and from controller/processor 280 (e.g., for physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)). and control information. Transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (eg, for sounding reference signals (SRS)). Symbols from transmit processor 264 are precoded, if applicable, by TX MIMO processor 266 and further processed by MODs in transceivers 254a-254r (e.g., for single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM)). and transmitted to BS 110a. At BS 110a, uplink signals from UE 120a are received by antenna 234, processed by modulators in transceivers 232a-232t, and if applicable, detected by MIMO detector 236 and further processed by receive processor 238. , decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120a may be obtained. Receive processor 238 may provide decoded data to data sink 239 and decoded control information to controller/processor 240.

Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for BS 110a and UE 120a, respectively. Scheduler 244 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.

Antenna 252, processors 266, 258, 264, and/or controller/processor 280 of UE 120a and/or antenna 234, processors 220, 230, 238, and/or controller/processor 240 of BS 110a are described herein. It can be used to perform various techniques and methods. As shown in FIG. 2, a controller/processor 280 of UE 120a includes an RF exposure manager that groups antennas for RF exposure compliance and/or enforces RF exposure compliance on a per antenna group basis in accordance with aspects described herein. Has 281. Although shown in a controller/processor, other components of UE 120a and BS 110a may be used to perform the operations described herein.

NR may utilize OFDM with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink. NR may support half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD). OFDM and SC-FDM partition the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier may be modulated with data. Modulation symbols are transmitted using OFDM in the frequency domain and using SC-FDM in the time domain. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers may depend on the system bandwidth. System bandwidth may also be partitioned into subbands. For example, a subband may cover multiple resources (RBs).

Although the UE 120a is described with respect to Figures 1 and 2 as communicating with a BS and/or within a network, the UE 120a may communicate directly with another UE 120 or with another wireless device without relaying communications through the network. may be configured to communicate/transmit directly to. In some embodiments, BS 110a shown in FIG. 2 and described above is an example of another UE 120.

Exemplary RF Transceiver FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary RF transceiver circuit 300 in accordance with this disclosure. RF transceiver circuit 300 includes at least one transmit (TX) path 302 (also referred to as a transmit chain) for transmitting signals via one or more antennas 306 and for receiving signals via antennas 306. at least one receive (RX) path 304 (also referred to as a receive chain). When TX path 302 and RX path 304 share an antenna 306, these paths are connected to the antenna via an interface 308, which may include any of a variety of suitable RF devices, such as a switch, duplexer, diplexer, multiplexer, etc. obtain.

Receiving an in-phase (I) or quadrature-phase (Q) baseband analog signal from a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 310, the TX path 302 includes a baseband filter (BBF) 312, a mixer 314, and a driver amplifier (DA) 316. , and a power amplifier (PA) 318. BBF 312, mixer 314, and DA 316 may be included within one or more radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs). The PA318 may be external to the RFIC in some implementations. TX Synth 320 may include circuitry that generates timing signals used in transmit functions. For example, TX Synth 320 may include a local oscillator (LO) that may be used to generate a signal at a particular frequency for up-conversion or down-conversion of communication signals.

BBF312 filters the baseband signal received from DAC310, and mixer 314 mixes the filtered baseband signal with a transmit local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the baseband signal to a different frequency. (e.g. upconverting from baseband to radio frequency). This frequency conversion process creates sum and difference frequencies between the LO frequency and the frequency of the baseband signal. The sum frequency and difference frequency are called beat frequencies. The beat frequency is generally within the RF range such that the signal output by mixer 314 is generally an RF signal that may be amplified by DA 316 and/or PA 318 prior to transmission by antenna 306. Although one mixer 314 is illustrated, any number of mixers may be used to upconvert the filtered baseband signal to one or more intermediate frequencies and then upconvert the intermediate frequency signal to a frequency for transmission. A mixer may be used.

RX path 304 may include a low noise amplifier (LNA) 324, mixer 326, and BBF 328. LNA 324, mixer 326, and BBF 328 may be included within one or more RFICs. The RFICs may or may not be the same RFIC that contains the TX path components. An RF signal received via antenna 306 may be amplified by LNA 324, and mixer 326 mixes the amplified RF signal with the received LO signal to convert the RF signal to a different baseband frequency (e.g., downconvert). The baseband signal output by mixer 326 may be filtered by BBF 328 before being converted to a digital I or Q signal by analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 330 for digital signal processing. RX Synth 332 may include circuitry that generates timing signals used in the receive function. For example, RX Synth 332 may include an LO that may be used to generate signals at specific frequencies for up-conversion or down-conversion of communication signals.

Controller 336 may direct the operation of RF transceiver circuit 300, such as transmitting signals via TX path 302 and/or receiving signals via RX path 304. Controller 336 may include a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components. , or any combination thereof. Memory 338 may store data and program codes for operating RF transceiver circuit 300. Controller 336 and/or memory 338 may include control logic. In some cases, controller 336 controls the transmission applied to TX path 302 to set transmit power levels that comply with RF exposure limits set by national regulations and international standards, as further described herein. Based on the power level (eg, a constant level of gain in the PA 318), a time-averaged RF exposure measurement may be determined.

Exemplary RF exposure measurements
RF exposure can be expressed by specific absorption rate (SAR), which measures energy absorption per unit mass by human tissue and can have units of watts per kilogram (W/kg). RF exposure may also be expressed in terms of power density (PD), which measures energy absorption per unit area and may have units of mW/cm ² . In some cases, maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits may be imposed in terms of PD for wireless communication devices that use transmission frequencies above 6 GHz. MPE limits are regulatory standards for area-based exposures, e.g., watts averaged over a defined area and time-averaged over a frequency-dependent time window to prevent human exposure hazards represented by tissue temperature changes. It is the energy density limit defined as the number X in units per square meter (W/m ² ).

SAR may be used to assess RF exposure for transmission frequencies below 6GHz. Transmission frequencies below 6GHz include 2G/3G (e.g. CDMA), 4G (e.g. 3GPP (registered trademark) Long Term Evolution (LTE)), 5G (e.g. NR in the 6GHz band), IEEE802.11ac, etc. wireless communication technology. PD may be used to assess RF exposure for transmit frequencies higher than 10 GHz. Transmission frequencies higher than 10GHz target wireless communication technologies such as 5G in the IEEE802.11ad, 802.11ay, and mm Wave bands. Accordingly, various metrics may be used to evaluate RF exposure for different wireless communication technologies.

A wireless communication device (eg, UE 120) may simultaneously transmit signals using multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, a wireless communication device may include a first wireless communication technology that operates below 6GHz (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.) and a second wireless communication technology that operates above 6GHz (e.g., within the 24 to 60GHz band). The signals may be transmitted simultaneously using mmWave 5G, IEEE 802.11ad or 802.11ay). In some aspects, the wireless communication device includes a first wireless communication technology (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, IEEE 802.11ac, etc. in the sub-6 GHz band) where the RF exposure is measured in terms of SAR and the RF exposure is measured in terms of SAR. The signals may be simultaneously transmitted using a second wireless communication technology (eg, 5G in the 24 to 60 GHz band, IEEE 802.11ad, 802.11ay, etc.) measured in terms of PD.

To assess the RF exposure from transmissions using the first technology (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, IEEE802.11ac, etc. in the sub-6 GHz band), the wireless communication device must have memory (e.g., the memory in Figure 2 282 or memory 338 of FIG. 3) for the first technique. Each SAR distribution may correspond to a respective one of a plurality of transmission scenarios supported by the wireless communication device for the first technology. The transmission scenarios may correspond to various combinations of antennas (eg, antennas 252a through 252r in FIG. 2, or antenna 306 in FIG. 3), frequency bands, channels, and/or body locations, as discussed further below.

A SAR distribution (also referred to as a SAR map) for each transmission scenario may be generated based on measurements (eg, E-field measurements) performed in a test laboratory using a model of the human body. After the SAR distribution is generated, the SAR distribution is used to enable a processor (e.g., processor 280 in FIG. 2 or controller 336 in FIG. 3) to evaluate RF exposure in real time, as discussed further below. stored in memory. Each SAR distribution includes a set of SAR values, where each SAR value may correspond to a different location (eg, on a model of a human body). Each SAR value may include SAR values averaged over 1 g or 10 g masses at each location.

The SAR values within each SAR distribution correspond to a particular transmit power level (eg, the transmit power level at which the SAR value was measured within a test laboratory). Because SAR scales with transmit power level, the processor may scale the SAR distribution for any transmit power level by multiplying each SAR value in the SAR distribution by the following transmit power scaler:

where Tx _c is the current transmit power level for the respective transmission scenario and Tx _SAR is the transmit power level corresponding to the SAR value within the stored SAR distribution (e.g., when the SAR value is measured within a test laboratory) transmission power level).

As discussed above, the wireless communication device may support multiple transmission scenarios for the first technology. In some aspects, a transmission scenario may be specified by a set of parameters. The set of parameters includes: antenna parameters indicating one or more antennas used for transmission (i.e. active antennas), one or more frequency bands used for transmission (i.e. a frequency band parameter that indicates the active frequency band); a channel parameter that indicates the channel or channels used for transmission (i.e., active channels); It may include a body location parameter indicative of the location of the communication device, and/or one or more of other parameters. If a wireless communication device supports a large number of transmission scenarios, performing measurements for each transmission scenario within a test setting (eg, a test laboratory) can be very time consuming and expensive. To reduce test time, measurements may be performed on a subset of transmission scenarios to generate a SAR distribution for the subset of transmission scenarios. In this example, the SAR distribution for each of the remaining transmission scenarios may be generated by combining two or more of the SAR distributions for the subset of transmission scenarios, as discussed further below.

For example, SAR measurements may be performed on each of the antennas to generate a SAR distribution for each of the antennas. In this example, a SAR distribution for a transmission scenario where two or more of the antennas are active may be generated by combining the SAR distributions for those two or more active antennas.

In another example, SAR measurements may be performed for each of the plurality of frequency bands to generate a SAR distribution for each of the plurality of frequency bands. In this example, a SAR distribution for a transmission scenario where two or more frequency bands are active may be generated by combining the SAR distributions for those two or more active frequency bands.

In some embodiments, the SAR distribution may be normalized to the SAR limit by dividing each SAR value in the SAR distribution by the SAR limit. In this case, the normalized SAR value exceeds the SAR limit when the normalized SAR value is greater than 1, and falls below the SAR limit when the normalized SAR value is less than 1. In these aspects, each SAR distribution stored in memory may be normalized to a SAR limit.

In some aspects, a normalized SAR distribution for a transmission scenario may be generated by combining two or more normalized SAR distributions. For example, a normalized SAR distribution for a transmission scenario where two or more antennas are active may be generated by combining the normalized SAR distributions for those two or more active antennas. If different transmit power levels are used for the active antennas, the normalized SAR distribution for each active antenna may be scaled by the respective transmit power level before combining the normalized SAR distributions for those active antennas. The normalized SAR distribution for simultaneous transmission from multiple active antennas can be given by:

where SAR _lim is the SAR limit, SAR _{norm_combined} is the normalized SAR distribution combined for simultaneous transmission from active antennas, i is the index for the active antenna, and SAR _i is the i-th is the SAR distribution for the active antenna, Tx _i is the transmit power level for the i-th active antenna, Tx _SARi is the transmit power level for the SAR distribution for the i-th active antenna, and K is the number of active antennas. It is.

Equation (2) can be rewritten as:

where SAR _{norm_i} is the normalized SAR distribution for the i-th active antenna. For simultaneous transmission (e.g. MIMO) using multiple active antennas at the same transmit frequency, the combined normalized SAR distribution is calculated by adding the square roots of the individual normalized SAR distributions and calculating their Obtained by calculating the square of the sum:

In another example, normalized SAR distributions for different frequency bands may be stored in memory. In this example, a normalized SAR distribution for a transmission scenario where two or more frequency bands are active may be generated by combining the normalized SAR distributions for those two or more active frequency bands. If the transmit power levels are different for the active frequency bands, the normalized SAR distribution for each of the active frequency bands may be scaled by the respective transmit power level before combining the normalized SAR distributions for those active frequency bands. In this example, the combined SAR distribution may be calculated using equation (3a), where i is the index for the active frequency band and SAR _{norm_i} is for the ith active frequency band is the normalized SAR distribution, Tx _i is the transmit power level for the i-th active frequency band, and Tx _SARi is the transmit power level for the normalized SAR distribution for the i-th active frequency band.

To assess RF exposure from transmissions using a second technology (e.g., 5G, IEEE 802.11ad, 802.11ay, etc. in the 24-60 GHz band), the wireless communication device uses memory (e.g., memory 282 in Figure 2). or may include multiple PD distributions for the second technique stored in memory 338) of FIG. Each PD distribution may correspond to a respective one of a plurality of transmission scenarios supported by the wireless communication device for the second technology. The transmission scenarios may correspond to various combinations of antennas (eg, antennas 252a through 252r in FIG. 2, or antenna 306 in FIG. 3), frequency bands, channels, and/or body locations, as discussed further below.

A PD distribution (also called a PD map) for each transmission scenario may be generated based on measurements (eg, E-field measurements) performed in a test laboratory using a model of the human body. After the PD distribution is generated, the PD distribution is used to enable a processor (e.g., processor 280 in FIG. 2 or controller 336 in FIG. 3) to evaluate RF exposure in real time, as discussed further below. stored in memory. Each PD distribution includes a set of PD values, where each PD value may correspond to a different location (eg, on a model of a human body).

The PD values within each PD distribution correspond to a particular transmit power level (eg, the transmit power level at which the PD value was measured within the test laboratory). Since PD scales with transmit power level, the processor may scale the PD distribution for any transmit power level by multiplying each PD value in the PD distribution by the following transmit power scaler:

where Tx _c is the current transmit power level for the respective transmission scenario, and Tx _PD is the transmit power level corresponding to the PD value within the PD distribution (e.g., the transmit power level where the PD value was measured within the test laboratory). power level).

As discussed above, the wireless communication device may support multiple transmission scenarios for the second technology. In some aspects, a transmission scenario may be specified by a set of parameters. The set of parameters includes: antenna parameters indicating one or more antennas used for transmission (i.e. active antennas), one or more frequency bands used for transmission (i.e. a frequency band parameter that indicates the active frequency band); a channel parameter that indicates the channel or channels used for transmission (i.e., active channels); It may include a body location parameter indicative of the location of the communication device, and/or one or more of other parameters. If a wireless communication device supports a large number of transmission scenarios, performing measurements for each transmission scenario within a test setting (eg, a test laboratory) can be very time consuming and expensive. To reduce test time, measurements may be performed on a subset of transmission scenarios to generate a PD distribution for the subset of transmission scenarios. In this example, the PD distribution for each of the remaining transmission scenarios may be generated by combining two or more of the PD distributions for the subset of transmission scenarios, as discussed further below.

For example, PD measurements may be performed on each of the antennas to generate a PD distribution for each of the antennas. In this example, a PD distribution for a transmission scenario where two or more of the antennas are active may be generated by combining the PD distributions for those two or more active antennas.

In another example, PD measurements may be performed for each of the multiple frequency bands to generate a PD distribution for each of the multiple frequency bands. In this example, a PD distribution for a transmission scenario where two or more frequency bands are active may be generated by combining the PD distributions for those two or more active frequency bands.

In some embodiments, the PD distribution may be normalized to the PD limit by dividing each PD value in the PD distribution by the PD limit. In this case, the normalized PD value exceeds the PD limit when the normalized PD value is greater than 1, and falls below the PD limit when the normalized PD value is less than 1. In these aspects, each PD distribution stored in memory may be normalized to a PD limit.

In some aspects, a normalized PD distribution for a transmission scenario may be generated by combining two or more normalized PD distributions. For example, a normalized PD distribution for a transmission scenario where two or more antennas are active may be generated by combining the normalized PD distributions for those two or more active antennas. If different transmit power levels are used for the active antennas, the normalized PD distributions for each active antenna may be scaled by the respective transmit power level before combining the normalized PD distributions for those active antennas. The normalized PD distribution for simultaneous transmission from multiple active antennas can be given by:

where PD _lim is the PD limit, PD _{norm_combined} is the normalized PD distribution combined for simultaneous transmission from active antennas, i is the index to the active antenna, and PD _i is the i-th is the PD distribution for the active antenna, Tx _i is the transmit power level for the i-th active antenna, Tx _PDi is the transmit power level for the PD distribution for the i-th active antenna, and L is the number of active antennas. It is.

Equation (5) can be rewritten as:

where PD _{norm_i} is the normalized PD distribution for the i-th active antenna. For simultaneous transmission (e.g. MIMO) using multiple active antennas at the same transmit frequency, the combined normalized PD distribution is calculated by adding the square roots of the individual normalized PD distributions and calculating their Obtained by calculating the square of the sum:

In another example, normalized PD distributions for different frequency bands may be stored in memory. In this example, a normalized PD distribution for a transmission scenario where two or more frequency bands are active may be generated by combining the normalized PD distributions for those two or more active frequency bands. If the transmit power levels are different for the active frequency bands, the normalized PD distribution for each of those active frequency bands is scaled by the respective transmit power level before combining the normalized PD distributions for the active frequency bands. obtain. In this example, the combined PD distribution may be calculated using equation (6a), where i is the index for the active frequency band and PD _{norm_i} is for the ith active frequency band is the normalized PD distribution, Tx _i is the transmit power level for the i-th active frequency band, and Tx _PDi is the transmit power level for the normalized PD distribution for the i-th active frequency band.

As discussed above, the UE 120 provides various metrics (e.g., Signals may be transmitted simultaneously using the first technique and the second technique, wherein the RF exposure is measured using SAR for the first technique and PD for the second technique. In this case, processor 280 determines a first maximum allowable power level for the first technology and a second maximum allowable power level for the second technology for transmission in future timeslots that comply with RF exposure limits. level can be determined. During future timeslots, the transmit power levels for the first and second technologies will be determined at the first and second maximum allowable powers, respectively, to ensure compliance with RF exposure limits, as discussed further below. Constrained (i.e., limited) by level. In this disclosure, the term "maximum allowable power level" refers to the "maximum allowable power level" imposed by RF exposure limits, unless otherwise stated. "Maximum allowable power level" is not necessarily equal to the absolute maximum power level consistent with RF exposure limits, but may be less than the absolute maximum power level consistent with RF exposure limits (e.g., to provide a safety margin). I hope you understand that it is okay to do so. "Maximum Allowable Power Level" is used to set power level limits for transmissions at the transmitter such that the power level of the transmission is not allowed to exceed the "Maximum Allowable Power Level" to ensure RF exposure compliance. can be used.

Processor 280 may determine the first and second maximum allowed power levels as follows. The processor determines a normalized SAR distribution for the first technique at a first transmit power level, determines a normalized PD distribution for the second technique at a second transmit power level, and determines a normalized SAR distribution and a normalized SAR distribution for the second technique at a second transmit power level. The PD distributions may be combined to generate a combined normalized RF exposure distribution (hereinafter simply referred to as a combined normalized distribution). The value at each location within the combined normalized distribution may be determined by combining the normalized SAR value at that location with the normalized PD value at that location or by another technique.

Processor 280 may then determine whether the first and second transmit power levels comply with the RF exposure limit by comparing the peak value in the combined normalized distribution to one. If the peak value is less than or equal to 1 (i.e., the condition ≦1 is met), the processor 280 determines that the first and second transmit power levels comply with RF exposure limits (e.g., SAR limits and PD limits); The first and second transmit power levels may be used as first and second maximum allowed power levels, respectively, during future timeslots. If the peak value exceeds 1, processor 280 may determine that the first and second transmit power levels do not comply with the RF exposure limit. The RF exposure compliance conditions for simultaneous transmission using the first and second techniques can be given by:
SAR _norm +PD _norm ≦1 (7)

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a normalized SAR distribution 410 and a normalized PD distribution 420, in which the normalized SAR distribution 410 and the normalized PD distribution 420 are combined to generate a combined normalized distribution 430. FIG. 4 also illustrates the condition where the peak value in the combined normalized distribution 430 for RF exposure compliance is 1 or less. Although each of distributions 410, 420, and 430 are shown as two-dimensional distributions in FIG. 4, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to this example.

The normalized SAR distribution in equation (7) may be generated by combining two or more normalized SAR distributions as discussed above (eg, for transmission scenarios with multiple active antennas). Similarly, the normalized PD distribution in equation (7) is generated by combining two or more normalized PD distributions as discussed above (e.g., for transmission scenarios with multiple active antennas). obtain. In this case, the RF exposure compliance condition in equation (7) can be rewritten using equations (3a) and (6a) as:

For MIMO, equations (3b) and (6b) may be combined instead. As shown in equation (8), the combined normalized distribution may be a function of the transmit power level for the first technique and the transmit power level for the second technique. All points in the combined normalized distribution should satisfy the normalization limit of 1 in equation (8). In addition, when combining the SAR and PD distributions, the SAR and PD distributions are spatially or should be aligned with their peak locations.

Exemplary Transmit Antenna Grouping An example of arbitrary grouping of two or more transmit antennas is described below as background for the process described beginning with FIG. As discussed with respect to FIG. 9, transmit power allocation is based on antenna groups as described herein.

A multi-mode/multi-band UE has multiple transmit antennas that can transmit simultaneously in sub-6 GHz bands and bands above 6 GHz, such as mmWave bands. As described herein, RF exposure in sub-6 GHz bands may be evaluated for SAR, and RF exposure in bands above 6 GHz may be evaluated for PD. Due to regulations against simultaneous exposure, wireless communication devices may limit maximum transmit power for both sub-6GHz and above-6GHz bands.

In some cases, the time-averaged algorithm for RF exposure compliance may assume that all transmit antennas are colocated at a central location on the UE. Under such an assumption, the total transmit power of all transmit antennas may be limited regardless of the actual exposure scenario of the individual antennas (e.g., head exposure, body exposure, extremity exposure). For example, assume that a user's hand covers a collocated model location, while a particular antenna is not covered by the user's hand. Implementing a collocated model may limit the transmit power of certain antennas that are not actually covered by the user's hands. That is, the assumption that transmit antennas are collocated for RF exposure compliance may give undesirable transmit power, thereby reducing uplink uplink data rates, uplink carrier aggregation, and/or cell edge Uplink performance, such as uplink connections in the network, may be affected.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide various techniques for grouping antennas to determine RF exposure compliance for each group, for example. In aspects, antenna groups may be defined and/or operated to be mutually exclusive with respect to RF exposure. That is, the RF exposure compliance and corresponding transmit power level may be determined separately for each antenna group. The antenna grouping described herein may enable desired transmit power for a particular antenna group. The desired transmit power may result in desired uplink performance, such as a desired uplink data rate, uplink carrier aggregation, and/or uplink connectivity at the edge of the cell.

In some aspects, multiple antenna groups are defined. Each antenna group may include one or more antennas. For example, antenna 252a may be classified as a first antenna group, and antenna 252t may be classified as a second antenna group. In some embodiments, each antenna array (eg, each phased array) is placed in a different group. Groups may be defined manually, e.g. by a designer or test operator, or automatically, e.g. by an algorithm operating before or during device initialization or during operation. good. Groups may be established based on physical location (described in more detail below), operating frequency, shape factor, associated method of calculating RF exposure, etc.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating example operations 500 for grouping antennas for RF exposure compliance in accordance with this disclosure. Operations 500 may be performed by, for example, a UE (eg, UE 120a within wireless communication network 100). Operations 500 may be implemented as software components executed and operated on one or more processors (eg, controller/processor 280 of FIG. 2). Further, transmission of signals by the UE in operation 500 may be enabled, for example, by one or more antennas (eg, antenna 252 of FIG. 2). In some aspects, transmission and/or reception of signals by the UE may be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (eg, controller/processor 280) that obtain and/or output the signals.

Operations 500 begin at block 502, where a UE may generate an RF exposure distribution for each transmit antenna configuration of multiple transmit antennas. At block 504, the UE may assign multiple transmit antennas to multiple antenna groups based on the RF exposure distribution. At block 506, the UE may determine a backoff factor for at least one of the plurality of antenna groups. At block 508, the UE may transmit from at least one antenna in at least one of the multiple antenna groups using a transmit power level based on the backoff factor.

In some aspects, assigning the multiple transmit antennas to multiple antenna groups at block 504 may include, for example, determining a backoff factor for each of the antenna groups as further described herein with respect to FIG. May include. For example, the UE may generate a normalized distribution of the RF exposure distribution, generate a normalized composite map of the normalized distribution for each of the antenna groups, and generate a normalized composite map of the normalized distribution for each of the antenna groups based on a backoff factor associated with each of the antenna groups. A sum of normalized composite maps may be generated for .

In aspects, the normalized distribution may be generated, for example, by dividing the RF exposure distribution by the maximum RF exposure value for the corresponding transmit antenna configuration, as described herein with respect to block 702. In aspects, the normalized composite map is generated by selecting the largest distribution of the normalized distributions as the normalized composite map for each of the antenna groups, e.g., as described herein with respect to block 704. Good too.

In some aspects, the sum of the normalized composite maps is calculated for each antenna group by multiplying the normalized composite map for each antenna group by the associated backoff factor, e.g., as described herein with respect to block 708. may be generated by generating a weighted normalized composite map for and summing the weighted normalized composite maps. In some aspects, at least one of the backoff factors may be adjusted until the sum of the normalized composite map is less than or equal to a first threshold (eg, 1.0).

In some cases, the UE may assign each of the plurality of transmit antennas to one of the plurality of antenna groups, such that the plurality of antenna groups does not include a transmit antenna based on the RF exposure distribution. . In some cases, the UE assigns each of the multiple transmit antennas to one of the multiple antenna groups based on the RF exposure distribution, such that the multiple antenna groups have at least one transmit antenna. Good too.

In an aspect, at block 504, multiple transmit antennas may be assigned to multiple antenna groups based on the determined backoff factor value, eg, as further described herein with respect to FIG. The transmit antennas may be redistributed or regrouped if one of the backoff factors is less than a second threshold (eg, 0.5). For example, the UE determines a backoff factor for a first grouping of antenna groups, e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. A transmit antenna may be assigned to a second grouping of antenna groups if one is less than a second threshold (eg, 0.5). In some cases, the first grouping may include a separate antenna group for each transmit antenna, and the second grouping may include at least one antenna group with multiple transmit antennas. That is, a first iteration of the antenna grouping procedure may include determining a backoff factor for each antenna and determining which transmit antennas to group based on the backoff factor.

The UE may iterate determining backoff factors and reassigning transmit antennas to antenna groups until all of the backoff factors are greater than a second threshold. For example, the UE determines a backoff factor for a second grouping of antenna groups, e.g., by repeating the operations described herein with respect to FIG. may be assigned to a third grouping of antenna groups.

In some aspects, an antenna group may include mixed mode antennas (eg, sub-6 GHz antennas and mmWave antennas). For example, at least one of the antenna groups includes a first antenna configured to transmit in a first mode and a second antenna configured to transmit in a second mode. The first mode may be sub-6GHz and the second mode may be mmWave. In other words, the first mode may transmit on one or more frequencies below 6GHz, and the second mode may transmit on one or more frequencies above 6GHz (e.g., from 24GHz to 53GHz and above). You may.

In an aspect, a transmit antenna configuration may include a transmit beam configuration of a particular antenna or antenna module having multiple antennas. In aspects, at least one of the transmit antennas is part of an antenna module having multiple antennas.

In some cases, antenna grouping may be used to determine RF exposure compliance and corresponding transmit power levels. For example, the UE may transmit a signal at a transmit power level based on RF exposure compliance implementation for at least one of the antenna groups.

In embodiments, RF exposure compliance may include evaluating RF exposure compliance in terms of time-averaged RF exposure amounts, such as time-averaged SAR or time-averaged PD, over a time window. In embodiments, the time window may range from 1 second to 360 seconds. For example, the time window may be 100 seconds or 360 seconds. The range of 1 second to 360 seconds is one example; other suitable values for the time window may be used. In some cases, the time window may be less than 1 second, such as 500 milliseconds. In some cases, the time window may exceed 360 seconds, such as 600 seconds.

In aspects, a UE may communicate with a base station, such as BS 110. For example, at 508, the UE may be transmitting user data on the PUSCH or various uplink feedback (eg, uplink control information or HARQ feedback) on the PUCCH to the base station. In some cases, a UE may be communicating with another UE. For example, at 508, a UE may be transmitting user data and/or various feedback to other UEs on a sidelink channel.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example grouping of multiple antennas of a wireless communication device 600 in accordance with this disclosure. In this example, the wireless communication device 600 (e.g., a mobile phone or any of the wireless communication devices described herein) includes a first antenna 602a, a second antenna 602b, a third antenna 602c, a third antenna 602c, and a second antenna 602b. 4 antenna 602d, a fifth antenna 602e, a sixth antenna 602f, and a seventh antenna 602g. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that more or fewer antennas may be implemented and/or more or fewer antenna groupings may be defined. In this example, antennas 602a-602g are separated into three antenna groups 604, 606, 608, which are located at the top of wireless communication device 600, at the bottom of wireless communication device 600, and at the bottom of wireless communication device 600. Approximately corresponds to 600 aspects. Each of the illustrated antennas 602a-602g may comprise a single antenna, an array of antennas (eg, a phased array), or a module containing one or more antennas. Antenna groups 604, 606, 608 each include antennas that are all configured to transmit in a frequency band (e.g., a very high frequency band, a high frequency band, a medium frequency band, a low frequency band), or The one or more groups may include antennas configured to transmit in multiple frequency bands.

Multiple radios (not shown) may be implemented in wireless communication device 600 and coupled into antennas/antenna groups. For example, a first radio may be coupled to all or a subset of sub-6 GHz antennas, and a second radio may be coupled to all or a subset of mmWave antennas. In some examples, a wireless local area network (WLAN) and/or Bluetooth radio is also included in the wireless communication device 600 and the first or second radio is coupled to one or more of the antennas. , and/or may be coupled to a different set of one or more antennas. Each radio may be coupled only to antennas within a single group, or may be coupled to antennas across multiple groups. The radio may include circuitry configured to process communication signals for the RAT. Each radio may be implemented in a separate modem or processor, such as data source 262 and/or controller/processor 280, or two or more radios may be implemented in a single processor or IC. In some embodiments, multiple processors are implemented on several chips within a single module or package.

Antenna groups may be defined and/or operated to be mutually exclusive with respect to RF exposure. In some aspects, one or more of the antenna groups (or one The transmit power of one or more of the antennas in the group or groups may be reduced. For example, a backoff factor may be determined and applied for one or more groups, or one or more antennas within one or more groups, to limit transmit power for the antennas and/or groups. .

As an example, the backoff factor bf may be between [0 1] for each antenna group, whereby the maximum allowable transmit power for each antenna group is equal to the transmit power of the antenna group for the respective backoff factor. equal to the limit multiplied by the value (eg, bf * Tx_power_limit), where bf = 1 represents no backoff and bf = 0.3 indicates operating the antenna group at 30% of the transmit power limit.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating example operations 700 for determining backoff factors for antenna groups in accordance with this disclosure. Operations 700 may be performed by, for example, a UE (eg, UE 120a within wireless communication network 100). To determine such backoff factors, at block 702, an RF exposure distribution (simulated /measurement). For example, the RF exposure distribution may be expressed by the following equation: RFexp(s,x,y,z,i), where s represents a particular surface or position, (x, y z) represents a given location, i represents a particular antenna or beam, etc. represents a particular transmission configuration. In some cases, a transmit antenna may support multiple bands, and therefore multiple RF exposure distributions for each band/channel (low/medium/high) are available for a particular transmit antenna. Good too. In that case, the RF exposure distribution for a particular transmit antenna may represent the maximum exposure of all technologies/bands/channels supported by the transmit antenna at each location/exposure plane.

A normalized distribution (map) may then be calculated at block 704 by collecting the exposure on all surfaces/locations for each transmit antenna/beam and dividing by the corresponding maximum value. For example, the normalized distribution may be expressed by the following equation. Normalization map(s,x,y,z,i) = {RFexp(1,x,y,z,i); RFexp(2,x,y,z,i); ...; RFexp(s, x,y,z,i)} / maxRFexp(i).

Thereafter, at block 706, a normalized composite map for each antenna group may be calculated, for example, based on the maximum distribution of normalized distributions within the group. For example, the normalized composite map may be expressed by the following equation. normalized.composite.map.AG _k (s,x,y,z) = max{normalized.map (s,x,y,z,i), ∀ i=1 to n antennas/beams inside AG _k }, where AG _k represents a particular antenna group (AG).

Further, at block 708, a total normalized composite map may be calculated for all of the antenna groups, eg, based on the sum of all the normalized composite maps. As an example, the total normalized composite map may be given by the following equation.

In the above equation, bf _k represents the backoff coefficient for a specific antenna group.

In some aspects, at block 710 it may be determined whether the total normalized composite map is less than a threshold (eg, 1.0). If this condition is not met, the expected or potential power for one or more antennas (or one or more antenna groups) may be reduced using the updated backoff factor. good. At block 712, the backoff coefficients may be adjusted for one or more of the antenna groups and the total normalized composite map may be recalculated using the updated backoff coefficients. The backoff factor for each antenna and/or group may be adjusted until a condition at block 710 (eg, the total normalized composite map is less than or equal to a threshold) is met.

At block 714, if the total normalized composite map is less than a threshold (e.g., 1.0), the antenna groups are considered mutually exclusive with respect to RF exposure, and at block 716, the final A backoff factor may be obtained. The backoff factor may be used to determine the transmit power level for a particular antenna group, as described further herein, or for other purposes, such as determining actual or potential interference. May be used for any purpose.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example operation 800 for assigning antennas to groups based on a backoff factor (eg, determined in operation 700) in accordance with this disclosure. Operations 800 may be performed by, for example, a UE (eg, UE 120a within wireless communication network 100).

At block 802, for example, after completing operation 700 that includes certain antenna groupings, a backoff factor for each antenna group may be obtained. For example, operations 700 may first be performed using separate groups for each antenna/beam, and backoff coefficients for the individual antennas are obtained at block 802.

At block 804, it may be determined whether each of the backoff factors is greater than or equal to a threshold (eg, 0.5). If this condition is not met, then antennas may be reallocated or redistributed among antenna groups at block 806. In some cases, for antennas/antenna groups with low backoff coefficients (e.g. backoff coefficient <0.5), some of the antennas may be grouped into the same antenna group based on their spatial distribution, thereby reducing the number of antenna groups. can be reduced. For example, assume that in the first iteration a separate group is used for each antenna, and antennas 1-7 are included in antenna groups AG1-AG7, respectively. The corresponding backoff coefficients are bf1=bf2=~0.5, bf3=~1, bf4=bf5=bf6=bf7=~0.25. The updated antenna groups may be AG1={Ant4, Ant5, Ant6, Ant7}, AG2={Ant1, Ant2}, and AG3={Ant3}. In some cases, particular antennas may be grouped at block 804 such that the sum of the backoff coefficients for the particular antennas exceeds a threshold. At block 802, act 700 or a portion of act 700 (eg, blocks 706-716) may be repeated to determine updated backoff factors for the reassigned antenna group. The antenna grouping/backoff coefficient generation may be repeated in both block 710 and block 804 until all of the backoff coefficients are satisfied. If the conditions in these blocks are met, the antenna group assignment may be considered final, as shown in block 808.

The antenna grouping operations described herein may be determined and/or applied for each device condition index (DSI) that indicates an exposure scenario for the device (head exposure, body exposure, extremity exposure). For example, a head exposure may have four exposure positions (right cheek, right tilt, left cheek, left tilt), which may be collected together (e.g., normalized in block 704). In some cases, the values of s have a range of [1 4] to correspond to the four exposure positions). A body exposure may have two exposure locations (front, back), and the two exposure locations may be collected together (eg, at block 704). The limb exposure may have six exposure positions at 0 mm separation distance (front/back/left/right/top/bottom of the device) and collect these six positions together (e.g., at block 704). be able to.

In some aspects, the antenna grouping operations described herein can be combined with existing techniques for some exposure configurations, e.g., the absolute sum of maximum RF exposure values for all antenna groups (e.g. , total normalized composite map) is below the regulatory limit, the above step of adjusting the power/backoff factor may be skipped.

Although the examples provided herein are described in terms of the UE performing various operations in determining antenna grouping, aspects of the present disclosure demonstrate that the antenna grouping and backoff factor derivation operations are performed in a laboratory setting. may be applied to scenarios where some calculations or simulations are performed outside the UE, eg, by a separate processing system. That is, the various functions for antenna grouping and back-off factor derivation operations do not need to be performed in the UE itself, and the UE can perform certain functions derived from the antenna grouping operations, such as back-off factors and antenna grouping assignments. May be configured to store/access/utilize information.

Exemplary Allocation of Transmit Power Aspects of the present disclosure provide various techniques for allocating transmit power across one or more radios and/or one or more antennas or antenna groups. In some situations, the antenna grouping described herein may provide antenna groups that are mutually exclusive with respect to RF exposure, such that RF exposure compliance is required for each antenna group and/or radios coupled to the antenna group. (and the power allocated) may be determined separately. The power allocation and RF exposure compliance described herein may be specific to a particular radio and/or antenna due to, for example, the different environments and/or exposure scenarios encountered by the UE and/or each antenna group within the UE. A desired transmit power for the group may be enabled. The desired transmit power may result in desired uplink performance, such as a desired uplink data rate, uplink carrier aggregation, and/or uplink connectivity at the edge of the cell.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating example operations 900 for wireless communication in accordance with this disclosure. Operations 900 may be performed by, for example, a UE (eg, UE 120a within wireless communication network 100). Operations 900 may be implemented as software components running and operating on one or more processors (eg, controller/processor 280 of FIG. 2) or by special purpose circuitry. Further, transmission of signals by the UE in operation 900 may be enabled, for example, by one or more antennas (eg, antenna 252 in FIG. 2, antenna 602 in FIG. 6). In some aspects, transmission and/or reception of signals by the UE may be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (eg, controller/processor 280) that obtain and/or output the signals.

The operation 900 may begin at block 902, in which the UE (or specifically the processor 280) determines whether or not the UE (or specifically the processor 280) may operate within a time window (for time-averaged RF exposure determinations/calculations). may be determined. This determination may indicate one or more radios that operate or are likely to operate within the time window. In some other aspects, the set of radios is already known or determined by another component of the UE and communicated to processor 280, for example.

At block 904, the UE (e.g., processor 280) operates or is capable of operating within the time window based on the RF exposure information and one or more other criteria (sometimes referred to as a first criterion). Power may be allocated to each radio device determined to be compatible. For example, each radio may be assigned a priority and/or a priority may be assigned to certain communications that the radio may transmit. This information may be used to allocate the available transmit power in the time window to each radio. The amount of power allocated at block 904 may also be referred to as a first amount of power, minimum or reserve power, or initial power.

In some aspects, a minimum amount and/or type of transmissions from each radio may be required to maintain a link with the network and/or other devices. The power allocated to each radio at block 904 may be sufficient to maintain the link for all (or in some embodiments a subset) of the radios. For example, you can calculate how much power is required to maintain a link for each radio over a time window using the transmission and/or maximum power duty cycle required for such transmissions. good. The power may be initially allocated to each radio. In some other embodiments, the amount of service required by one or more radios may be used to determine the initial power allocated to those radios.

The minimum or reserve power (eg, initial power, also referred to as a first amount of power as explained above) that needs to be allocated or required to be allocated by the radio may vary. For example, the minimum or reserve power may depend on the RAT, the distance to the base station, the power rating of the radio and/or the power rating of components attached to the radio, the geographic location and/or regulatory jurisdiction in which the UE is located, etc. It may vary based on the In some aspects, the minimum or reserve power (e.g., the first amount of power) is the power of one or more channels associated with essential signals (e.g., PUCCH, sounding reference signal, random access channel, etc.), It may be based on the amount of power required to transmit one or more mandatory channels and/or high priority channels. In some aspects, the minimum or reserve power (eg, first amount of power) may be based on network configuration. For example, the amount of power required to maintain a link may be based on frame configuration, frequency range (eg, whether the link is FR1 or FR2), etc. In some examples, the radios used (e.g., FR1 and FR2 radios, or LTE and NR radios) are known and the powers (e.g., first power amount) will be allocated. In other examples, the UE (e.g., processor 280) determines the minimum Or one of several different radios may be selected based on reserve power. The UE may, for example, prioritize radios with lower minimum or reserve power, radios that allow exposure requirements to be met, etc. In some instances, when the amount of power is insufficient to transmit multiple desired communications, the radio associated with the higher priority communications instead of the radio associated with the lower priority communications A radio may be selected or enabled. For example, a user application transmitted using a first RAT (eg, LTE) may be prioritized over another user application transmitted using a second RAT (eg, NR). In some embodiments, data or communications associated with a first radio access technology or frequency range may be prioritized over data or communications associated with a second radio access technology or frequency range. For example, data or communications associated with mmW radio access technologies may be prioritized over data or communications associated with sub-6GHz radio access technologies. Implicitly selecting which of several RAT frequency ranges to use by allocating a first amount of power to the former of one radio and another radio at block 904; You can.

In some aspects, power may be insufficient to support a combination of channels of the same channel type or a combination of channels of the same priority. For example, a first amount of power required for a channel combination may be insufficient to support a link associated with the channel combination. If there is insufficient power to transmit all channels in the set of channels and all channels in the set of channels are associated with the same priority, the UE may prioritize one channel over another. You can. For example, the UE may select a first channel based on a frequency range associated with a first channel (e.g., a first control channel) and a frequency range associated with a second channel (e.g., a second control channel). A channel may be prioritized over a second channel. In some examples, the UE may prioritize channels associated with higher frequency ranges (eg, FR2) over channels associated with lower frequency ranges (FR1). These prioritization techniques may be useful for "essential" signals such as PUCCH, sounding reference signals, and random access channels. However, these prioritization techniques can be applied to any type of channel. In some instances, this prioritization may cause certain radios (corresponding to higher priority channels) to and another radio may be selected (or enabled) and/or lower priority channels and/or radios may be effectively blocked. In some such examples, lower priority required channels (eg, control channels) may be blocked.

In some examples, the amount of power required to maintain a link may vary based on the network configuration that exhibits the PUCCH format, and therefore the minimum or reserve power may vary based on the PUCCH format. In this case, the first amount of power may be determined based on the duty cycle associated with the PUCCH. residual power (e.g., a third amount of power, power in excess of the power required to perform a transmission on a set of high-priority channels) and/or dynamically allocated power (e.g., a second amount) may be allocated based on the duty cycle associated with another type of communication, such as the duty cycle associated with PUSCH (eg, any communication). In some other aspects, the minimum or reserve power may be fixed regardless of network configuration.

In some aspects, the minimum or reserve power is the amount of power for transmitting essential signaling (e.g., the amount of power for transmitting one or more channels or signals associated with control signaling, and/or the amount of power to maintain links associated with one or more channels) and the amount of power to transmit other high-priority channels, communications, or applications (e.g., to maintain a voice link). It may also be based on the amount of electric power). For example, a minimum or reserve power may be configured to reserve a portion of the RF exposure margin over the duration of the time window. The minimum or reserve power may be based on the transmit power for the required signaling and voice communications (and may be path loss dependent) and on the respective duty cycles of the control channel for the required signaling and the channel for voice communications. May be based on For example, the normalized RF exposure margin for PUCCH may be defined by PUCCH Tx power*estimated control channel duty cycle/Allocated_power. Here, Allocated_power indicates the allocated uplink transmit power limit for the time frame, and PUCCH Tx power indicates the transmit power of the PUCCH in the time frame. The normalized RF exposure margin for voice communications may be defined by voice Tx power*estimated voice duty cycle/Allocated_power, where voice Tx power indicates the transmit power of voice communications in a time frame. The total reserve margin (eg, first amount of power) for a given radio may be defined by the sum of the normalized RF exposure margin for PUCCH and the normalized RF exposure margin required for voice.

The estimated control channel duty cycle and estimated voice duty cycle in the above equations may be based on upper layer estimates of the ongoing scheduling rate (such as scheduling by the gNB). Because scheduling can change, the scheduling rate may sometimes deviate from the scheduling rate used to determine the estimated margin. For example, if the gNB schedules an increased number of control channels or voice grants that causes the minimum power for control channel or voice communications to exceed the estimated margin, the UE must drop the link to maintain RF exposure compliance. It may be necessary. To prevent dropping links, the UE may reserve a margin, referred to herein as a buffer margin, which may account for variations in the estimated reserve margin. For example, the total reserve margin (e.g., minimum or power reserve) incorporating buffer margin may be given by the sum of the normalized RF exposure margin required for PUCCH, the normalized RF exposure margin required for voice, and the buffer margin. good. Accordingly, the first amount of power includes an amount of power for transmitting one or more high priority channels and an amount of power for transmitting voice communications, plus a buffer margin. The buffer margin may be given by P _max * 100% duty cycle/Allocated_power * (Δt/T). Therefore, the buffer margin is an RF exposure margin sufficient for the UE to transmit continuously at P _max for a duration of 'Δt' out of T seconds in the time window (sometimes referred to as the time averaging window). may correspond to In some embodiments, Δt may be defined by the time frame of a time averaging algorithm for RF exposure. In some aspects, Δt may be based on a network schedule. For example, the UE may increase or decrease Δt based on network scheduling variations. Buffer margins may be used to account for variations in estimated RF exposure margins for essential signaling and/or other communications such as voice communications.

Buffer margin may not be used if the UE performs control channel or voice transmissions below the allocated margin (eg, the total reserve margin incorporating buffer margin). Therefore, power management may operate efficiently with respect to the overall time-averaged RF exposure (100% - buffer margin). In some aspects, the buffer margin may be determined based on (eg, as a function of) the rate of variation in network scheduling.

After initial power (e.g., a first amount) is allocated to each radio, any remaining power (with respect to the amount of power available for transmission within the window) may be allocated to, e.g., one or more of the following: may be allocated among radios according to criteria (referred to herein as one or more third criteria). The remaining power allocated to the radio may be referred to herein as a third amount of power. In some embodiments, the remaining power available for allocation may be divided evenly among the radios determined at block 902. In some other embodiments, any residual power may be allocated or allocated using a system or user assigned hierarchy or priority. For example, any residual power may be allocated first to the high priority radio or the highest priority radio. One such configuration is to allocate power (e.g., for the purpose of transmitting or maintaining an anchor for E-UTRA-NR dual connectivity (EN-DC) calls) before allocating power to the NR radio. the third amount) to the LTE radio. If the unallocated power is greater than the maximum transmit power for the high-priority or highest-priority radio (e.g., absolute maximum, maximum defined for a time window, etc.), up to the maximum value. of power may be allocated to the high priority radio or the highest priority radio, and any additional residual power may be allocated on the same basis (e.g., hierarchy or other priority ranking) or on a different basis (e.g., the previous The power may be allocated to other radios based on a ranking different from the ranking used for the other radios, or based on an equal division of power among other radios, etc.). In some aspects, remaining power may be allocated based on historical power usage of one or more radios. For example, a first radio has historically used less power than all the power allocated to the first radio, and a second radio has used less than all the power allocated to the second radio. If historically used, the UE may prioritize the second radio over the first radio in allocating residual power. For example, the UE may allocate more remaining power to the second radio than the first radio, allocate all remaining power to the second radio, and so on.

If the radio is coupled to multiple antenna groups, all antenna groups may be considered in determining the RF exposure information at block 904, or a subset of the antenna groups coupled to the radio may be used. RF exposure information may be determined (e.g., based on likely transmission conditions, location of the phone, location of the user's hands, etc.). In situations where multiple antenna groups are taken into account, the radio will transmit using all antenna groups, or it will not be possible (for example, using SAR, MPE, a combination of both, or another metric). It may be assumed that the antenna group with the highest potential exposure (as calculated) is used to allocate power to the radio.

In some embodiments or modes of operation, it is assumed that all radios are coupled to antennas in a single group. In such embodiments or modes, the available power within a time window may be determined based on one or more criteria as described above (e.g., links or connections, priorities or other hierarchies, etc.). (based on maximum requirements to maintain quality of service, etc.) among the radios.

In some embodiments or modes of operation, the antennas coupled to the radio are assigned to antenna groups that are mutually exclusive (or mutually orthogonal) in terms of RF exposure. In such embodiments, power may be allocated to radios coupled to each antenna group independently of radios coupled to other antenna groups. For example, if a radio is the only radio coupled to an antenna group, all available power in the transmit window may be allocated to that radio. The reason is that from an RF perspective any transmissions from radios coupled to other antenna groups are isolated. Accordingly, the initial power and any residual power may be allocated based on the characteristics of the two or more respective antenna groups. Note that according to the antenna group description above, when transmitting from an antenna group, the transmit power may be scaled by a backoff factor to maintain orthogonality with other antenna groups. In some such embodiments, the UE simultaneously determines the time-averaged RF exposure for each of the antenna groups and adjusts the transmit power to the radios coupled to the antenna groups based on such determination. May be allocated. In other words, the mutual exclusivity of the antenna groups allows the UE to determine time-averaged RF exposure and/or allocate power for two or more radios in parallel with each other (e.g., independently of each other). may be made possible.

In some cases, groups of transmit antennas may not be explicitly stored in the UE. In aspects, grouping of transmit antennas may be implicitly indicated by different backoff factors assigned to the transmit antennas. That is, antenna grouping may be represented by a backoff factor. For example, several antennas may share the same backoff factor, thereby implicitly assigning these antennas to the same group. In aspects, the transmit power level may be based on at least one of the backoff coefficients.

In some aspects, the transmit power level may be determined/allocated based on the sum of the RF exposures being less than or equal to a threshold (eg, 1.0). For example, the UE may transmit a signal at a transmit power level based on the sum of RF exposure for each of the antenna groups being less than or equal to a threshold. In some such scenarios, the above is achieved by applying the back-off factor described above to the determined transmit power level, and such determined transmit power level is applied to the antenna group. The power is within (eg, less than or equal to) the power allocated (at block 904) to the coupled radio.

In some embodiments or modes of operation, the RF exposure distribution map is not only calculated for antennas and/or antenna groups, but also for different technologies/bands in the space (e.g., x, y, z) surrounding the UE. /Calculated for each antenna. Such a distribution map may be stored on the UE, for example. The power allocated at block 904 may be the power for each point at which the radio is expected to transmit. In this way, the power allocated at block 904 may be allocated at a much more granular level, as opposed to some of the coarser methods or techniques described above.

At block 906, the UE determines how many of the radios (to which power was allocated at block 904) transmit power for one or more time frames within the time window based on the power allocated to the radios at block 904. allocate (e.g., dynamically) to a channel or communication. For example, based on one or more conditions varying within a time window, the UE determines that the time-averaged power of all transmissions from the radio during the window is allocated to the radio at block 904. The power allocated to a particular channel, communication, etc. may be adjusted so that the power is less than or equal to the power.

In some embodiments, there is a single time frame within the time window (eg, spanning the entire time window, corresponding to the duration of the time window, or consisting of a portion of the time window). In other embodiments, the time window is divided into multiple time frames. A time window may have a length T and a time frame may have a length Δt. In some examples, the length of the time window may be, for example, 100 seconds or 360 seconds. In some examples, the length of the time frame may be, for example, 0.5 seconds.

During each time frame, the UE may allocate power (eg, a second amount) to one or more channels and/or communications utilized by the radio. The second amount of power may be a variable amount of transmit power. For example, the second amount of power may be different for each time frame. The UE may allocate a first amount and a third amount of power allocated to a particular radio for one or more channels and/or communications. Therefore, the power allocated to a channel or communication, and the way the radio utilizes the available power, may vary from time frame to time frame, and thus for each different portion of the time window. However, while the amount of second power (e.g., the power allocated to the channel or communication) may vary for each different portion of the time window, the amount of power allocated to the channel or communication throughout the time window, as described herein, may vary for each different portion of the time window. Note that according to the first amount of power and the third amount of power allocated to the transmitting radio. An example of how transmit power may be allocated between respective different channels according to block 906 is described with respect to FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 of determining transmit power based on channel type, in accordance with this disclosure. The criteria for allocating the second amount of power will be explained below. In some embodiments, this criterion may be referred to as a second criterion. In some aspects, the operations described with respect to FIG. 10 may be performed by UE 120 (e.g., using controller/processor 280) for one or more time frames (e.g., each frame) within a time window. good. Using the aspects described with respect to FIG. 10, power is dynamically added to a channel (or communications within such a channel) for a radio based on the power allocated to that radio in block 904 of FIG. ) may be assigned. It should be noted that although a number of channels are provided here by way of example, power may be allocated to channels or communications other than those explicitly described herein as well. Although channels are described herein using 5G terminology, the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In example 1000, the UE may determine an allocated uplink transmit power limit for a future time frame, referred to herein as Allocated_power. Allocated_power may indicate the power allocated to the radio for the time frame, for example, as described above with respect to block 904.

The UE may, for example, include one or more reference signals (e.g., synchronization signal block (SSB), CSI-RS, DMRS, positioning reference signal (PRS), or phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), SRS, among others). ) or based on path loss information reported to the UE by another device. Based on the measured path loss, the UE determines one or more instantaneous transmit powers (denoted as P _{cch_req} and P _{rach_req} in Figure 10) for the radio to successfully communicate the PUCCH/RACH in the UL. You may decide. In other words, the instantaneous transmit powers such as P _{cch_req} and P _{rach_req} indicate the transmit power at which the corresponding channel will be received by the BS, as predicted by the UE, such as by using a threshold probability or threshold block error rate. Good too.

By way of example only, the UE may determine the required instantaneous transmit power (P _{cch_req} or P _{rach_req} ) based on a link budget formula, such as a formula having the form shown below.

In the above equation, CINR _dB is the channel-to-interference-plus-noise ratio expressed in decibels (the subscript dB generally indicates decibels), (PL) _dB =PL _dist -G _gNB -G _UE + L is the path loss including all TX/RX antenna gain and cable loss between UE and gNB

is the noise power per resource block (RB), Δf is the subcarrier spacing in KHz, (NF) _dB is the gNB (e.g., BS110) receiver noise figure, and N _RB is the noise power per symbol. is the number of RBs in the frequency domain used for

The desired P _{cch_req} and P _{rach_req} are of the form

and

It can be expressed as an expression having .

A channel type or communication may be associated with a transmit duty cycle (sometimes referred to as an estimated duty cycle). The transmission duty cycle may be configured by the UE (e.g., via control signaling), preconfigured (e.g., predetermined, configured by the UE's original equipment manufacturer or servicer, etc.), determined. It is possible to do (eg, estimate), etc. The transmission duty cycle may be determined based on network grants, such as based on a number of network grants received in a certain time interval. The transmit duty cycle may be specific to the type of channel. For example, a control channel may be associated with a transmit duty cycle (e.g., DC _cch ), a random access channel may be associated with a transmit duty cycle (e.g., DC _rach ), and a shared channel may be associated with a transmit duty cycle (e.g., DC rach ). (e.g. DC _sch ). In some aspects, duty cycles may be used for specific types of communications, such as voice communications, data communications, etc. The transmission duty cycles for the two types of channels can be different from each other or can be equal to each other. The transmit duty cycle can be a percentage value, ratio, etc. For a given channel type, the UE may determine the average transmit power in a time frame using the corresponding transmit duty cycle. The determination of the average transmit power in a time frame is indicated by reference numeral 1005. For example, the average transmit power is indicated by P _{cch_avg} for the control channel and P _{rach_avg} for the random access channel (RACH). In some aspects, the UE determines the average transmit power for each channel type transmitted in a time frame, or for multiple channel types, e.g., each channel type that may be transmitted by the UE for a certain period of time. You may decide. "Channel type" is used interchangeably herein with "type of channel."

In some aspects, the UE may set or use channel transmission priorities. Channel transmission priority may indicate whether power for one channel type is prioritized over power for another channel type. By way of example only, channel transmission priority can mean that the RACH should be allocated the highest priority (the largest portion of the UE's available transmit power to the RACH, or that the allocation of available transmit power should prioritize the RACH first). PUCCH has the second highest priority and PUSCH has the lowest priority (for example). The UE may allocate the average transmit power of the highest priority channel (if the available average power is sufficient to meet the average transmit power) to the highest priority channel, followed by the second highest priority channel. channel's average transmit power (if the available average power is sufficient to meet the average transmit power) may be allocated to the second highest priority channel; and/or similar allocations may be made until the UE has allocated all of its available average power. In some aspects, channel priorities may differ between radios.

After the average transmit power for all channel types has been allocated, the UE determines the channel's final instantaneous transmit power limit for that particular radio based on the channel's allocated average transmit power and the channel's corresponding duty cycle. may be determined. In this way, the UE may determine transmit power according to time-averaged power limits that may be imposed by regulatory agencies. The UE may provide information to the UE's transmission component, such as a transmit automatic gain control (AGC) component, indicating the final instantaneous transmit power limit for the channel type, and the transmission component determines the actual The transmit power may be determined. A transmit AGC component is a component that performs signal amplification control for an amplifier or chain of amplifiers, such as may be included in a radio frequency chain of a UE.

For example, as indicated by reference numeral 1010, the UE transmits a signal based on the average transmit power of the highest priority channel (e.g., P _{rach_avg} ) and the transmit duty cycle associated with the highest priority channel (e.g., DC _rach ). Then, the final instantaneous transmit power P _{max_rach} for a certain radio may be allocated to the highest priority channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) in example 1000). As indicated by reference numeral 1015, if the average transmit power of the channel exceeds the allocated power limit Allocated_power, the UE sets the average transmit power P _{rach_avg} to Allocated_power, thereby ensuring compliance with the regulatory limit. Good too.

As indicated by reference numeral 1020, the UE may determine P ₁ based on _{Prach_avg} . P ₁ , associated with reference numeral 1010, may indicate the average available power after power is allocated to PRACH. As indicated by reference numeral 1025, the UE determines the average transmit power of the second highest priority channel (e.g., P _{cch_avg} ) and the transmit duty cycle associated with the second highest priority channel (e.g., DC _cch ), the final instantaneous transmit power P _{max_cch} may be allocated to the second highest priority channel (the control channel in example 1000). As indicated by reference numeral 1030, if the average transmit power of the channel exceeds the available average power after allocating power to a higher priority channel (e.g., P ₁ ), the UE sets the average transmit power P _{cch_avg} to P It may be set to ₁ to ensure compliance with regulatory limits.

As indicated by reference numeral 1035, the UE may determine P ₂ based on P _{cch_avg} . P ₂ , associated with reference numeral 1010, indicates the average power available after power is allocated to PRACH and PUCCH. More generally, P _N indicates the average power available after power is allocated to channels associated with priority levels 0 to N-1, where lower values of N indicate higher priorities. level (e.g., channel or communication to receive more power). As indicated by reference numeral 1040, the UE determines the final instantaneous transmission based on the remaining average power (e.g., P ₂ ) and the transmission duty cycle (e.g., DC _sch ) associated with the third highest priority channel. Power P _{max_sch} may be allocated to the third highest priority channel (the shared channel in example 1000). The process described with respect to example 1000 can be applied to any number of channels. Additionally, the process described with respect to example 1000 can be applied to channels (eg, data channels, control channels, RACH), signals (eg, reference signals), or combinations of channels and signals.

In some aspects, the UE may decide to transmit the final instantaneous transmit power (eg, P _max ) from a certain radio during the time period of the retransmission-based time frame. For example, wireless access technologies may provide a mechanism for retransmitting communications that are not successfully received. Retransmissions may be based on a feedback mechanism, such as a HARQ feedback mechanism. Considering the downlink, the UE may provide an acknowledgment (ACK) or a negative ACK (NACK) for downlink communications. The UE may provide ACK/NACK on a control channel or shared channel (eg, PUCCH or PUSCH). If the BS does not receive an ACK/NACK, it may retransmit the downlink communication. For example, in scenarios where the power for control channel transmissions is limited due to time-averaged power limits (e.g. related to SAR, PD, etc.), the number of retransmissions received by the UE may be possible to determine whether an ACK/NACK is received by the BS. For example, if the UE's transmit power is insufficient for the control channel, the UE may not be able to receive any replays (e.g., even for acknowledged communications), since the BS may not be able to receive some ACK/NACKs. The number of transmissions may be increased. In some aspects, a time frame may include multiple time periods. In some aspects, a time frame may include a single time period. In some aspects, the time period may be based on a time interval associated with the radio access technology, such as NR frame length, subframe length, slot length, symbol length, etc. In some aspects, the length of the time period may be determined by the UE based on prior configuration, configuration, conditions at the UE, etc.

The UE 120 determines the final instantaneous transmit power for a channel (such as a control channel or a shared channel that may convey an ACK/NACK) during a time period of a time frame based on the number of retransmissions received by the UE from a radio. You may decide to send it. For example, the number of retransmissions received by the UE may be determined based on a time frame. The UE may adjust the instantaneous transmit power based on a factor determined based on the number of retransmissions. For example, this factor may be configured and/or pre-configured for the UE, etc. In some aspects, the UE may increase the final instantaneous transmit power based on a larger number of retransmissions and a smaller number of retransmissions (e.g., a larger number than a threshold). The final instantaneous transmit power may be reduced based on a smaller number). Therefore, the UE may improve the reliability of HARQ feedback, thereby improving the utilization of network resources.

Considering the uplink, if the BS is unable to receive the UE's uplink transmission (e.g., PUSCH) (e.g., fails a cyclic redundancy check), the UE grants uplink grant to the BS for retransmission. It may be received from For example, in scenarios where the power for shared channel transmissions is limited due to time-averaged power limits (e.g. related to SAR, PD, etc.), the uplink for retransmissions received by the UE The number of grants may allow the UE to determine whether the PDSCH is being received by the BS. For example, if the UE's transmit power is insufficient for the shared channel, the UE may receive an increased number of uplink grants for retransmissions.

The UE 120 transmits a final instantaneous transmit power for a channel (such as an uplink shared channel) from a radio during a time period of the time frame based on the number of uplink grants for retransmissions received by the UE. You may decide to do so. For example, the number of uplink grants for retransmissions received by the UE may be determined based on a time frame. For example, the UE may dynamically determine the adjustment value or priority level for the PUSCH final instantaneous transmit power based on the threshold duration. The UE may adjust the instantaneous transmit power based on a factor determined based on the number of uplink grants for retransmissions. For example, this factor may be configured and/or pre-configured for the UE, etc. In some aspects, the UE may increase the final instantaneous transmit power based on a larger number of uplink grants for retransmissions or based on a smaller number of uplink grants for retransmissions (e.g. , a number that is less than a larger number, a number that is less than a threshold). Accordingly, the UE may improve the reliability of uplink transmissions, thereby improving the utilization of network resources. In some aspects, the UE may switch between prioritizing a first type of channel (e.g., PUSCH) or a second type of channel (e.g., PUCCH), thereby Calls in progress can be maintained while providing adequate throughput for link traffic.

In some aspects, the UE may modify the transmission configuration for a channel to increase or decrease the transmit power for that channel. For example, the UE may modify the transmission configuration so that the channel meets the final instantaneous transmit power. In some aspects, the transmit configuration may indicate the polarization of the channel. For example, some channels (e.g., RACH message 1, RACH message 3, RACH message A in a two-step RACH procedure, etc.) use both horizontal and vertical polarization, e.g., one of the antennas 252 Or it may be sent from multiple sources. If the UE reduces the transmit power for such a channel (e.g., based on the final instantaneous transmit power described elsewhere herein), it may reduce the transmission power of the channel on both polarizations to a single One may switch to transmitting channels on polarized light and/or reduce the number of antennas or antenna elements used for transmission. If the UE increases the transmit power for such a channel (e.g., based on the final instantaneous transmit power as described elsewhere herein), it may change the channel's transmission from one on a single polarization to two One may switch to transmitting channels on polarized light and/or increase the number of antennas or antenna elements used for transmission.

In this way, separate power limits for each different channel may be allocated to higher priority channels (e.g., mission-critical channels), thereby allowing the system to The communication link of the UE can still be maintained even when power is limited. For example, if the uplink is SAR limited and a large amount of power is not available, a certain amount of power can be allocated to higher priority channels (e.g., PUCCH and RACH), thereby still maintaining the link. I can do it.

In some embodiments, the initial power allocated to the radios in block 904 (FIG. 9) is for essential signaling in a worst-case scenario or other insufficient or difficult conditions (e.g., to maintain the link). sufficient power for communication (sufficient signaling), thus increasing the likelihood that devices will be able to communicate properly in a variety of scenarios. However, rather than transmitting at the initial power determined at block 904 (e.g., the first amount), the UE transmits at the power determined at block 906 (e.g., as described above with respect to FIG. 10). the power that the UE determines (e.g., based on path loss and/or other information) that conditions do not require it to transmit at as high a power as the initially allocated power. Therefore, the power may be lower than the initial power. In such situations, the operations described above with respect to block 906 and/or FIG. May be distributed to other channels or communications. In this way, sufficient transmit power is allocated to the radios to communicate effectively on the link, but the actual or instantaneous transmit power utilized is limited to one or more transmit powers for a particular radio. It can be effectively distributed among channels or communications. The UE may perform such operations periodically (e.g., at one or more times within a time window associated with the regulatory rule), thus ensuring that communication on the high priority channel is maintained. Power may be dynamically allocated between transmission channels while ensuring that the

As mentioned above, FIG. 10 is given as an example. Other examples of allocating power to certain channels or communications from a radio may differ from that described with respect to FIG. 10.

In some embodiments, additional hierarchies may be used instead of or in addition to the example shown in FIG. 10. For example, the power remaining after performing the power allocation described in FIG. 10 may be distributed (at block 906) among other channels or other types of communications utilized by the radio, e.g., in accordance with user interaction with the UE. It's okay. In some embodiments, the remaining power for a radio is allocated first to voice, then to data, or one or more fourth criteria (prioritize voice first, then prioritize data). a different prioritization (e.g., for a particular radio bearer (such as a signaling radio bearer (SRB) versus a data radio bearer (DRB))) and further allocate the remaining transmit power (eg, the fourth amount). For example, a fourth amount of transmit power may be allocated from power remaining for allocation in a time window and/or time frame after the second amount of power is allocated. A fourth amount of power may be allocated to the radio for the time frame based on a fourth criterion. In some embodiments, data or communications on one channel may be prioritized over other data or communications on that channel. In some embodiments, data or communications associated with a first application may be prioritized over data or communications associated with a second application. For example, data or communications associated with a video calling application or streaming video application may be prioritized over data or communications associated with an email or social media application. As another example, data or communications associated with video calling, streaming video, or financial applications may be associated with the highest priority, and data or communications associated with email or social media applications may be associated with intermediate priority. Data or communications associated with the messaging application may be associated with the lowest priority. Applications may be prioritized by the user based on past usage, such as by information or instructions from the operating system. In some embodiments, data or communications may be prioritized based on a user being associated with the data or communication. For example, data or communications associated with a first user may be prioritized over data or communications associated with a second user. In some embodiments, data or communications may be prioritized based on historical data transfer volume. For example, data or communications associated with historically larger data transfers may be prioritized over data or communications associated with historically smaller data transfers.

During the time window, transmissions may be communicated by the UE based on the power calculated/allocated during block 906. In this way, each radio may be able to maintain a connection or link and still allocate power (dynamically) between any communications while meeting RF exposure requirements. Any communications are communications that are not related to maintaining the UE's connection or link. For example, any communication may include any voice communication, some data communication, application-based communication, etc. Communications associated with maintaining the UE's connectivity or link may be referred to herein as essential communications, and may include physical uplink control channels, sounding reference signals, random access channels, some data communications, etc. May include.

The techniques described herein may be applicable to NR (e.g., 5G NR), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), CDMA, time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access ( OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), and other networks. The terms "network" and "system" are often used interchangeably. A CDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000. UTRA includes wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. cdma2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. A TDMA network may implement a wireless technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). OFDMA networks use wireless technologies such as NR (e.g. 5G RA), E-UTRA, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE802.20, Flash-OFDMA, etc. can be implemented. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of UMTS. LTE and LTE-A are releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are listed in a document from an organization called the ``3rd Generation Partnership Project'' (3GPP). cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization called "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). NR is a new wireless communication technology under development.

In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of a Node B (NB) and/or the NB subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In NR systems, the term "cell" and BS, next generation Node B (gNB or gNode B), access point (AP), DU, carrier, or transmit/receive point (TRP) are used interchangeably. obtain. A BS may provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, and/or other types of cells. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (eg, several kilometers radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs subscribing to the service. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs subscribing to the service. A femtocell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and has an association with the femtocell (e.g., a UE in a closed subscriber group (CSG), a UE for users within the home). etc.) may allow limited access. A BS for a macro cell is sometimes called a macro BS. A BS for pico cells is sometimes called a pico BS. A BS for femto cells may be called femto BS or home BS.

UE includes mobile stations, terminals, access terminals, subscriber units, stations, customer premises equipment (CPE), cellular phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless modems, wireless communication devices, handheld devices, Laptop computers, cordless phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, tablet computers, cameras, gaming devices, netbooks, smartbooks, ultrabooks, appliances, medical devices or equipment, biosensors/devices, smart watches, smarts Wearable devices such as clothing, smart glasses, smart wristbands, smart jewelry (e.g. smart rings, smart bracelets, etc.), entertainment devices (e.g. music devices, video devices, satellite radio, etc.), vehicle components or sensors, smart Also referred to as a meter/smart sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. Some UEs may be considered MTC devices or Evolved MTC (eMTC) devices. MTC UEs and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc. that may communicate with a BS, another device (eg, a remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node may provide connectivity for or to a network (eg, the Internet or a wide area network such as a cellular network), for example, via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and IoT devices may be narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices.

In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled. A scheduling entity (eg, a BS) allocates resources for communication between some or all devices and equipment within its service area or cell. A scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, allocating, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communications, dependent entities utilize resources allocated by the scheduling entity. A base station is not the only entity that can act as a scheduling entity. In some examples, a UE may act as a scheduling entity and may schedule resources for one or more dependent entities (e.g., one or more other UEs), and may schedule resources for one or more dependent entities (e.g., one or more other UEs). may utilize the resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communication. In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network and/or in a mesh network. In mesh network examples, UEs may communicate directly with each other in addition to communicating with the scheduling entity.

The methods disclosed herein include one or more steps or acts to accomplish the method. The method steps and/or acts may be interchanged with each other without departing from its scope. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or acts is specified, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or acts may be modified without departing from its scope and the scope of any claims based thereon. may be done.

As used herein, the phrase referring to "at least one of" a listed item refers to any combination of those items, including a single member. As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" includes a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination having two or more of the same elements (e.g., a-a, a-a-a , a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c, or any other order of a, b, and c).

As used herein, the term "determining" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" means calculating, calculating, processing, deriving, examining, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure). (to do), to confirm, etc. "Determining" may also include receiving (eg, receiving information), accessing (eg, accessing data in memory), and the like. Moreover, "determining" may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and the like.

The above description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments. References to singular elements shall mean "one or more" and not "unique" unless explicitly stated as such. Unless otherwise specified, the term "some" refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various embodiments described throughout this disclosure that are known or later become known to those skilled in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and incorporated herein by reference. is intended to be encompassed by the detailed description of. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public. The phrase "based on" means "based at least in part on," unless specified otherwise. Additionally, as used herein, the term "or" is inclusive when used consecutively, and unless expressly stated otherwise (e.g., "either") or "only one of"), and may be used interchangeably with "and/or".

The following provides a summary of some aspects of the disclosure.

Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a wireless device, the method comprising: determining one or more radios of the wireless device for a time window based on radio frequency (RF) exposure information and one or more other criteria. allocating a first amount of power to the at least one radio for the one or more time frames within the time window based on the first amount of power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window; allocating a second amount of power to the selected channel or communication utilized by at least one of the radios; and the selected channel or amount based on the first amount of power or the second amount of power. and sending a communication.

Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein the RF exposure information includes time-averaged power.

Aspect 3: A method according to any of aspects 1-2, wherein the one or more other criteria are based on communications associated with maintaining a link associated with the one or more radios.

Aspect 4: Aspect 3 further comprising allocating a third amount of power to the one or more radios for the time window based on having power available for transmission after allocating the first amount of power. The method described in.

Aspect 5: The method of aspect 4, wherein the third amount of power is allocated such that the power available for transmission is evenly distributed among the one or more radios.

Aspect 6: The method of aspect 4, wherein the third amount of power is allocated such that the power available for transmission is distributed based on priorities of the one or more radios.

Aspect 7: The method of aspect 4, wherein the second amount of power is allocated based on the first amount of power and the third amount of power.

Aspect 8: The method of aspect 4, wherein the third amount of power is allocated based on historical power usage of the one or more radios.

Aspect 9: The method according to any of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the first amount of power is allocated based on an antenna group to which the one or more radios are coupled.

Aspect 10: The method according to any of aspects 1-9, wherein the second amount of power is allocated based on channel transmission priorities.

Aspect 11: The method of aspect 10, wherein power in excess of the power required to perform the transmission on the highest priority first channel is allocated to the second channel.

Aspect 12: The method of aspect 10, wherein power in excess of that required to perform transmissions on the set of high priority channels is distributed to any communication.

Aspect 13: Allocating the first amount of power comprises: a first control channel associated with a first frequency range; and a second control channel associated with a second frequency range different from the first frequency range. 13. The method of any of aspects 1-12, comprising allocating the first amount of power based on a set of high priority channels comprising:

Aspect 14: If the power is insufficient to transmit all of the set of high priority channels, the first control channel is more efficient than the second control channel based on the first frequency range and the second frequency range. The method according to aspect 13, wherein also preferred.

Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, wherein the second control channel is not transmitted if the power is insufficient to transmit all of the set of high priority channels.

Aspect 16: The method of aspect 10, wherein any voice communication is given priority over any data communication.

Aspect 17: The method of any of aspects 1-16, wherein the second amount of power is allocated based on the selected channel or application associated with the communication.

Aspect 18: Allocating the first amount of power is based on the communication priority associated with the first radio access technology (RAT) and the second RAT. 18. The method of any of aspects 1-17, comprising allocating power to a radio and not allocating power to a second radio associated with a second RAT.

Aspect 19: A method according to any of aspects 1 to 18, wherein there is one time frame whose duration is equivalent to a time window.

Aspect 20: The method according to any of aspects 1 to 19, wherein the first amount of power is the amount of power required to perform a transmission on the set of channels.

Aspect 21: The method of aspect 20, wherein the first amount of power is based on a network configuration associated with the set of channels.

Aspect 22: The first amount of power is based on a duty cycle associated with a first type of channel of the set of channels, and the second amount of power is based on a duty cycle associated with a second type of channel. 22. The method according to embodiment 21, based on.

Aspect 23: The method of any of aspects 1-22, wherein the first amount of power is based on an amount of power for transmitting one or more required channels and an amount of power for transmitting voice communications.

Aspect 24: The method of aspect 23, wherein the first amount of power includes an amount of power for transmitting one or more required channels and an amount of power for transmitting voice communications plus a margin.

Aspect 25: The time window includes a plurality of time frames, the second amount of power is a variable amount of transmit power allocated to the selected channel or communication for each of the plurality of time frames, and the second amount of power is , and a third amount of power allocated to the one or more radios over the time window.

Aspect 26: The method of aspect 25, wherein the variable amount of transmit power is allocated based on path loss or estimated duty cycle.

Aspect 27: The method of any of aspects 1-26, wherein the wireless device comprises user equipment.

Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication in a device, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and a method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 27 stored in the memory. and instructions executable by a processor to cause execution.

Aspect 29: A device for wireless communication comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors comprising one or more of Aspects 1 to 27. A device configured to perform the method described in .

Aspect 30: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 27.

Aspect 31: A non-transitory computer readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code being executable by a processor to implement the method of one or more of aspects 1 to 27. A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing instructions.

Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the device, transmitting information from Aspect 1 to the device. 27. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising one or more instructions for performing the method described in one or more of 27.

The various operations of the method described above may be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions. The means may include various hardware and/or software components and/or modules, including, but not limited to, circuits, ASICs, or processors. In general, where there are operations shown in the figures, those operations may have corresponding counterpart means-plus-function components with similar numbering. Furthermore, although the above describes examples relating to the operation of a UE, the operations, functions, etc. described herein may be performed by any wireless device.

The various example logic blocks, modules, and circuits described with respect to this disclosure may include general purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other PLDs, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or It may be implemented or executed using any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. obtain.

If implemented in hardware, an example hardware configuration may comprise a processing system within a wireless node. The processing system may be implemented using a bus architecture. The bus may include any number of interconnect buses and bridges depending on the particular application and overall design constraints of the processing system. A bus may link various circuits together, including a processor, a machine-readable medium, and a bus interface. A bus interface may be used to, among other things, connect a network adapter to a processing system via a bus. Network adapters may be used to implement the signal processing functions of the PHY layer. In the case of a user terminal (see FIG. 1), a user interface (eg, keypad, display, mouse, joystick, etc.) may also be connected to the bus. The bus may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, etc., but these circuits are well known in the art and therefore will not be discussed further. Don't explain. A processor may be implemented using one or more general purpose and/or special purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuits capable of executing software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how to best implement the functionality described for the processing system depending on the particular application and overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.

If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Software is broadly construed to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. Should. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. The processor may be responsible for general processing, including managing the bus and executing software modules stored on machine-readable storage media. A computer-readable storage medium may be coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. By way of example, a machine-readable medium may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and/or a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon separate from the wireless node, all of which include: It can be accessed by the processor through the bus interface. Alternatively or additionally, the machine-readable medium or any portion thereof may be integrated into the processor, such as a cache and/or a general-purpose register file. Examples of machine-readable storage media include, for example, RAM (Random Access Memory), Flash Memory, ROM (Read Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrical (erasable programmable read-only memory), registers, magnetic disks, optical disks, hard drives, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof. Machine-readable media may be embodied in a computer program product.

A software module may include a single instruction or many instructions and may be distributed across several different code segments, between different programs, and across multiple storage media. A computer readable medium may comprise a number of software modules. Software modules include instructions that, when executed by a device such as a processor, cause a processing system to perform various functions. The software modules may include a transmitting module and a receiving module. Each software module may reside within a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. As an example, a software module may be loaded from a hard drive into RAM when a trigger event occurs. During execution of a software module, a processor may load some of the instructions into cache to speed access. One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general purpose register file for execution by a processor. When referring to the functionality of a software module below, it will be understood that such functionality is implemented by a processor when executing instructions from that software module.

Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software uses coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared (IR), radio, and microwave to connect websites, servers, or other remote When transmitted from a source, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of a medium. As used herein, "disk" and "disc" refer to compact disc (disc) (CD), laserdisc (registered trademark) (disc), optical disc (disc), digital versatile disc (disc) (DVD). ), floppy disks, and Blu-ray® discs, where a disk typically reproduces data magnetically, whereas a disk uses a laser to reproduce data. to optically reproduce data. Thus, in some aspects, computer-readable media may include non-transitory computer-readable media (eg, tangible media). Additionally, for other aspects, computer-readable media may include transitory computer-readable media (eg, a signal). Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

Accordingly, some aspects may include a computer program product for performing the operations presented herein. For example, such a computer program product may comprise a computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon (and/or encoded therein), the instructions being configured to perform one or more of the operations described herein. Instructions are executable by multiple processors to perform, for example, the operations described herein and illustrated in FIGS. 5, 9, and/or 10.

Additionally, modules and/or other suitable means for performing the methods and techniques described herein may be downloaded and/or otherwise obtained by the user terminal and/or base station, if applicable. I hope you understand that I am able to do so. For example, such a device may be coupled to a server to facilitate transfer of means for performing the methods described herein. Alternatively, the various methods described herein may be configured such that the user terminal and/or base station can acquire storage means (e.g., RAM, ROM, physical storage media such as CDs or floppy disks). Additionally, any other suitable technique for providing a device with the methods and techniques described herein may be utilized.

It is to be understood that the claims based on this description are not limited to the precise arrangements and components illustrated above. Various modifications, changes, and variations may be made in the arrangement, operation, and details of the methods and apparatus described above without departing from the scope of the claims.

100 wireless communication networks
102a, 102b, 102c macrocell
102x picocell
102y, 102z femtocell
110, 110a~100z BS
120, 120a~120y UE
122 RF Exposure Manager
130 Network Controller
132 Core Network
212 Data Source
220 transmit processor
232a to 232t transceiver
234, 234a~234t antenna
236 MIMO detector
238 Receive Processor
239 Data Sink
240 controller/processor
242 memory
244 Scheduler
252a~252r antenna
254a-254r transceiver
256 MIMO detector
258 Receive Processor
260 data sink
262 data sources
264 Transmit Processor
266TX MIMO processor
280 controller/processor
281 RF Exposure Manager
282 Memory
300 RF transceiver circuit
302 Transmission (TX) route
304 Receive (RX) route
306 Antenna
310 Digital to Analog Converter (DAC)
312 Baseband Filter (BBF)
314 mixer
316 Driver Amplifier (DA)
318 Power Amplifier (PA)
320TX Synth
324 Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)
326 mixer
328 BBF
330 Analog to Digital Converter (ADC)
332 RX Synth
336 controller
338 memory
410 Normalized SAR distribution
420 Normalized PD distribution
430 Joint normalized distribution
500 operations
600 wireless communication devices
602a 1st antenna
602b Second antenna
602c 3rd antenna
602d 4th antenna
602e 5th antenna
602f 6th antenna
602g 7th antenna
604, 606, 608 antenna group
900 operations

Claims (30)

A method of wireless communication performed by a wireless device, the method comprising:
allocating a first amount of power to one or more radios of the wireless device for a time window based on radio frequency (RF) exposure information and one or more other criteria;
the at least one of the one or more radios for one or more time frames within the time window based on the first amount of power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window; allocating a second amount of power to a selected channel or communication utilized by one radio;
transmitting the selected channel or communication based on the first amount of power or the second amount of power. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the RF exposure information includes time-averaged power. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more other criteria are based on communications associated with maintaining a link associated with the one or more radios. 20. Claim: further comprising allocating a third amount of power to the one or more radios for the time window based on there being power available for transmission after allocating the first amount of power. Method described in 3. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the third amount of power is allocated such that the power available for transmission is evenly distributed among the one or more radios. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the third amount of power is allocated such that the power available for transmission is distributed based on priorities of the one or more radios. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second amount of power is allocated based on the first amount of power and the third amount of power. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the third amount of power is allocated based on historical power usage of the one or more radios. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first amount of power is allocated based on an antenna group to which the one or more radios are coupled. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second amount of power is allocated based on channel transmission priorities. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein power in excess of the power required to transmit on the highest priority first channel is allocated to the second channel. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein power in excess of that required to transmit on the set of high priority channels is distributed to any communication. Allocating the first amount of power includes a first control channel associated with a first frequency range and a second control channel associated with a second frequency range different from the first frequency range. 2. The method of claim 1, comprising allocating the first amount of power based on a set of high priority channels that include. If power is insufficient to transmit all of the set of high priority channels, the first control channel is switched to the second control channel based on the first frequency range and the second frequency range. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the channel is prioritized. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the second control channel is not transmitted if power is insufficient to transmit all of the set of high priority channels. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein any voice communications are prioritized over any data communications. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second amount of power is allocated based on an application associated with the selected channel or communication. Allocating the first amount of power to a first radio associated with the first radio access technology (RAT) based on a communication priority associated with the first radio access technology (RAT) and a second RAT. 2. The method of claim 1, comprising allocating power to a second radio associated with the second RAT and not allocating power to a second radio associated with the second RAT. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein there is one time frame comparable in duration to the time window. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first amount of power is the amount of power required to perform a transmission on a set of channels. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the first amount of power is based on a network configuration associated with the set of channels. The first amount of power is based on a duty cycle associated with a first type of channel of the set of channels, and the second amount of power is based on a duty cycle associated with a second type of channel. 22. The method according to claim 21, based on. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first amount of power is based on an amount of power for transmitting one or more required channels and an amount of power for transmitting voice communications. 24. The first amount of power includes a margin in addition to the amount of power for transmitting the one or more essential channels and the amount of power for transmitting the voice communication. Method. the time window includes a plurality of time frames, the second amount of power is a variable amount of transmit power allocated to the selected channel or communication for each of the plurality of time frames; 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount is according to the first amount of power and a third amount of power allocated to the one or more radios throughout the time window. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the variable amount of transmit power is allocated based on path loss or estimated duty cycle. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless device comprises user equipment. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the user equipment (UE) comprising:
memory and
one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors comprising:
allocating a first amount of power to the one or more radios for the time window based on the RF exposure information and one or more other criteria;
the at least one radio of the one or more radios for one or more time frames within the time window based on the power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window; user equipment configured to allocate a second amount of power to a selected channel or communication utilized by the user equipment; A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions for wireless communication, the one or more instructions comprising:
when executed by one or more processors of user equipment, to said one or more processors;
allocating a first amount of power to one or more radios of the user equipment for a time window based on RF exposure information and one or more other criteria;
the at least one radio of the one or more radios for one or more time frames within the time window based on the power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window; and allocating a second amount of transmission power to a selected channel or communication utilized by a non-transitory computer-readable medium. A device for wireless communication,
means for allocating a first amount of power to one or more radios of a device including said apparatus for a time window based on RF exposure information and one or more other criteria;
the at least one radio of the one or more radios for one or more time frames within the time window based on the power allocated to the at least one radio for the time window; and means for allocating a second amount of transmit power to a selected channel or communication utilized by the apparatus.

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