JP2023537099A - Interlacing nozzle for producing knotted yarn and method for interlacing yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an entangling nozzle (100) for producing entangled yarns of knotted yarns from knotted DTY or plain yarns. The entangling nozzle (100) comprises a yarn channel (1) with an air twisting chamber (2). The air twisting chamber (2) has an injection port (4) for introducing air into the air twisting chamber (2). A channel axis (M) extends in the yarn guiding direction (F). The yarn channel (1) comprises a channel width (21) transverse to the channel axis (M). The air twisting chamber (2) comprises a chamber length (29) in the yarn guiding direction (F) and a chamber extension (28) across this length. The chamber length (29) is at least 180% of the chamber extension (28), preferably at least 200% of the chamber extension (28), preferably the chamber length (29) is at least 1 .5mm long.

Description

The present invention relates to an entangling nozzle for producing entangled yarns of knotted yarns from DTY or plain yarns with knots and to a method for entangling yarns having the features of the generic clauses of the independent patent claims.

Various injection devices are known from the prior art. Nozzle devices are commonly used to direct, accelerate, and precisely apply fluids. Fluid means both gases and liquids. Nozzle devices are used, inter alia, in textile machines for joining, structuring or treating yarns. The geometry of the chamber in which yarn processing is performed is critical to achieving the desired results and the amount of fluid required for this.

In known so-called entangling nozzles, the treatment chamber usually comprises an air twisting chamber into which the fluid stream is introduced and swirled. High speed is required to achieve sufficient turning. This is accomplished by blowing air into the chamber at high pressure.

Entanglement nozzles are used to process all kinds of threads, yarns, cables or similar materials. They can be made of man-made fibers (plastics such as PE, PP). They can also be made of natural fibers (cotton, wool, raffia, etc.) or mixed fibres. The term "yarn" is used herein to refer to all of these types of materials.

Entanglement nozzles are essentially used to entangle yarns made of man-made fibres. Confounding has several advantages. For example, package construction, payoff characteristics, process performance characteristics, or performance characteristics in downstream processing are improved. Filament breakage is prevented. Pushed filaments or fluff can be bound. It can also reduce the application of sizing or allow weaving without sizing. Twisting/twisting can be replaced. Entangling also makes it possible to combine different yarns with different properties or to produce decorative yarns.

From US Pat. No. 5,809,761 a nozzle device with a splicing chamber with two lateral chamber regions is known. The yarn does not move with this nozzle. It is not suitable for confounding.

It is an object of the present invention to remedy these and other drawbacks of the prior art. In particular, a nozzle device is provided which has a high efficiency and ensures reliable yarn handling. In particular, the present invention is intended to enable the desired knot thickness and/or number of knots in the yarn to be achieved with the lowest possible air pressure and volume, and correspondingly low energy requirements.

These problems are solved by an entangling nozzle for producing entangled yarns of knotted yarns from DTY or plain yarns with knots and a method for entangling yarns according to the features of the independent claim.

The entangling nozzle according to the invention comprises a yarn channel with an air twisting chamber. The air strand chamber has an injection opening for introducing air into the air strand chamber. A channel axis extends in the yarn guiding direction. A yarn channel has a channel width transverse to the channel axis. The air twist chamber has a chamber length in the yarn guiding direction and a chamber width across the length. The chamber length is at least 180%, preferably at least 200% of the chamber extension.

Surprisingly, it has been found that the number and/or quality of knots can be controlled by selectively choosing the shape and dimensions of the chamber.

Typically, the chamber length, the cross-sectional shape or ratio of the injection openings, the chamber spread, or the angle of the chamber walls relative to the walls of the yarn channel, as described below, determine the desired knot count and/or quality. can be selectively adjusted individually or in combination to set.

For example, a chamber length (relative to chamber extension) of 210% to 230%, especially about 220%, results in less but more stable knot formation. Lengths between 320% and 340%, especially around 330%, lead to many unstable nodes. . . . The chamber length is preferably at least 1.5 mm longer than the chamber extension. A further aspect of the invention therefore relates to a method for adjusting the number and/or quality of knots, wherein the shape and dimensions of the chamber are specifically selected to define the number and/or quality of knots, in particular the chamber The length is chosen relative to the chamber width, with shorter lengths chosen to form fewer but more stable knots, and higher number but therefore less stable knots. A larger length is selected for this purpose. In any case the length is greater than 180% of the chamber extension and is preferably selected as described above.

The airflow vector (flow direction and strength of the airflow) in the air twist chamber, along with the overhang, is decisive for the number and strength of the nodes. Overfeed indicates how much more yarn length is introduced into the nozzle than the yarn length exiting the nozzle. This excess is used for knot tying. Different components of the airflow vector have different effects when processing the yarn in the entangling nozzle, and the components of the airflow vector are directed in or against the yarn guiding direction, affecting yarn feed and yarn tension. . Components of the airflow vector transverse to these directions entangle the yarns and are therefore essential for knot formation. The inventors have found that in order to achieve optimum processing, the airflow in the air twist chamber is directed to have more transverse components than in the direction of yarn guidance or in the direction opposite to the direction of yarn guidance. I came to the conclusion that it should be done. On the other hand, outside the air twist chamber, the air flow vector should have more components in the yarn guiding direction to ensure sufficient yarn delivery. Airflow vectors can be affected by the geometry of the air twist chamber, yarn channels and injection openings.

Conventional entangling nozzles required high air pressures and volumes to achieve both sufficient number and strength of knots and sufficient yarn tension and guidance. By directing the airflow through the geometry according to the invention, the ratio of the airflow vector in the yarn guidance direction and the transverse direction can reduce the air volume and air pressure without compromising quality, thus saving energy. Optimized to save you money.

A ratio of the chamber length of the air twist chamber to the chamber extension transverse to the chamber length of at least 1.8 ensures that over a longer area transverse to the yarn guiding direction the air twist chamber It has been shown that lower air pressures and air volumes are required to direct the air flow and as a result ensure sufficient entanglement of the yarns. Such entangling nozzles guide the air flow introduced through the injection openings in such a way that the amount of fluid introduced can be reduced by up to 20%, but after processing the yarn still has the required number of knots and Has knot strength.

In particular, the chamber length can be 180%, 200%, 218%, 228%, 330% of the chamber extension, preferably at chamber extensions of 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm or 3.5 mm. Specific values can be, for example, 1.75 mm, 2.67 mm, 2.94 mm or 3.08 mm. Preferably, the chamber length is at least 35% of the total nozzle length. The total nozzle length consists of the yarn channel length and the chamber length.

Chamber extension is here understood as the maximum extension of the air twist chamber in the transverse direction across the yarn guiding direction and the air twist chamber depth.

The air twist chamber may comprise two chamber regions in direct succession, the chamber length being the length of the chamber regions.

The air twist chamber may comprise only one chamber area, the chamber walls of which are rounded. The radius of the chamber wall rounding may increase in the direction of yarn guidance to the center of the air twist chamber and then decrease again.

However, the air twist chamber may also comprise two air twist chamber regions, the walls of which are rounded in the yarn guiding direction, the rounding of the first region in the yarn guiding direction being the radius of the second region. It has a radius greater than the roundness. In this case the walls of the regions preferably merge with each other without kinking.

The air-twist chamber region can have an in-plane and substantially teardrop-shaped transverse cross-section along the channel axis of the yarn channel such that the chamber region has rounded portions and straight portions. The straight sections are arranged to converge in the yarn guiding direction and in the opposite direction, respectively.

Preferably, the injection openings are arranged in the interlacing nozzle such that the airflow enters the air twist chamber at an angle of greater or less than 90° to the channel axis. Preferably, the injection openings are arranged such that the air flow enters the air twist chamber in a region of width smaller than the chamber width.

Preferably the chamber width is 15-45%, preferably 15% and 35%, of the channel width, preferably the chamber width is at most 5 mm, preferably at most 3 mm wider than the channel width. The chamber width is smaller if the chamber length is 330% of the chamber width to form many nodes. Typically adjacent to 15% of the channel width. A larger chamber width, eg, 35% for the channel width, is chosen to create fewer but more stable nodes.

This improves the airflow from the chamber to the yarn channel. The chamber spread may preferably be between 1.75 mm and 17 mm.

Preferably, the chamber length is at most 350% of the channel width, in particular at most 30 mm, preferably at most 20 mm, greater than the channel width.

Preferably, the air twisting chamber has a chamber wall with at least one wall segment rounded in the yarn guiding direction, in particular with a radius of 0.3 mm to 6 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

Preferably, the chamber is convexly rounded. Preferably, the chamber wall further comprises straight wall segments.

This allows the air to be easily directed in a specific direction.
Preferably, the chamber walls widen starting from the channel walls, viewed in the yarn guiding direction. In particular, the chamber walls may extend at an angle of 5° or less with respect to the yarn guiding direction and the channel walls.

Preferably, the first chamber area is arranged first in the yarn guiding direction and the second chamber area is arranged immediately after the first chamber area in the yarn guiding direction. At the transition from the first chamber region to the second chamber region, the chamber has a constriction such that the chamber widening at the first and second chamber regions is greater than the chamber widening at the transition.

This allows the air streams to be separated. A constant separation of the air parcels allows control of the amount of air per chamber area in addition to the injection angle.

The air twist chamber may also include three or more chamber regions each separated by a constriction. The air twist chamber can include other structures for directing airflow, such as surface structures, ribs, edges, constrictions, or widenings. The air twist chamber can include a coating for swirling the air.

The first chamber region may have a first chamber depth across the chamber length and chamber width, and the second chamber region may have a second chamber depth across the chamber length and chamber width. and the chamber depths may be different.

According to another aspect of the invention, an interlacing nozzle comprises a yarn channel having an air twist chamber. The air strand chamber has an injection opening for introducing air into the air strand chamber. A channel axis extends in the yarn guiding direction. According to the invention, the injection opening has a cross-section with at least one radius and at least one air guide, the air guide being straight or at least greater than the radius of curvature of the radius. It has a ten times larger radius of curvature.

The cross-sectional shape of the injection orifice directly affects the quality of the turbulence and the flow direction vector.
Preferably, the air duct portion(s) are not parallel to the channel axis. In entangling nozzles, the air flow in the transverse direction is crucial for the entangling of the yarns. As the air is directed more laterally, the yarns become more entangled and stronger knots are formed.

Preferably, the injection opening comprises exactly four straight air conduit sections, arranged substantially diamond-shaped in cross-section and interconnected by rounded corners, preferably forming a radius. Preferably, the first line of symmetry of the diamond shape is arranged parallel and preferably coinciding with the channel axis, so that the first corner of the diamond shape is oriented in the yarn guiding direction and the second corner is , in a direction opposite to the yarn guiding direction, and the third and fourth corners face in opposite directions in a common plane perpendicular to the first line of symmetry.

The air flow is thus easily guided already during the blowing stage. The cross-sectional shape may alternatively be triangular or polygonal, in each case with rounded corners. Preferably, the shape includes an even number of rounded corners and the cross-sectional shape is arranged in the air twist chamber such that the corners lead both in the yarn guiding direction and in the opposite direction.

Moreover, the cross-sectional shape may be trapezoidal or kite-shaped.
It has been shown that the number of knots and knot stability can be influenced by the choice of cross-sectional shape. Diamond-shaped injection openings make knots less but more stable. A kite-shaped injection opening provides more knots but less stability.

Preferably, the corners of the diamond shape are rounded.
Preferably, the injection openings have a cross-section with an opening length in the yarn guiding direction and an opening width across the opening length. The aperture length and the aperture width are different, in particular the ratio of the aperture length to the aperture width is between 1.0 and 1.5. A smaller ratio, typically 1.0, is used to generate many nodes.

Thus, the rhombus has angles between sides that are greater or less than 90°. Preferably, the curves of the obtuse corners have a different radius than the curves of the sharp corners.

Alternatively, the injection opening may be at least approximately oval in cross-section.
A specific choice of opening width and length allows air volumes to be directed in specific directions. If the opening length is greater than the opening width, the angle at which air enters the chamber at maximum velocity changes. Airflow can thus be directed.

Preferably the opening length is less than the opening width and preferably the diamond-shaped first and second corners are rounded with a larger radius than the third and fourth corners.

Alternatively, the opening width may be smaller than the opening length, and preferably the diamond-shaped third and fourth corners are rounded to a larger radius than the first and second corners. ing.

This particular selection of openings allows for precise alignment of air flow and air volume, and thus air velocity, depending on the yarn being processed.

Another aspect of the invention relates to an entangling nozzle having a yarn channel with an air twist chamber including injection openings for introducing air into the air twist chamber. In particular, the entangling nozzle is an entangling nozzle as described above. A channel axis extends in the yarn guiding direction. A yarn channel has a channel width transverse to the channel axis. The air twist chamber has a chamber length in the yarn guiding direction and a chamber extension across this length. the air twist chamber and/or the injection openings wherein air introduced through the injection openings has a greater lateral component across the channel axis than axial component along the channel axis inside the air twist chamber; Outside the air-twisting chamber, the yarn channel is formed and arranged such that the axial component is guided in more vectors than the transverse component.

In entangling nozzles, the air flow passing transversely to the channel axis results in more pronounced entangling of the yarns and is therefore critical to the knot formation of the yarns. Axial airflow conveys the yarn in the yarn guiding direction, which leads to higher yarn tension. The more the air flow in the air twist chamber is transverse than axial, the more knots are formed in the yarn. If the air is guided more axially outside the air twist chamber, sufficient yarn tension is maintained to ensure a stable process. If the yarn tension is too low, the yarn may flutter too much in front of the nozzle and break. Here the transverse component always contains both radial and tangential components, since the radial component is decisive for the number of knots and the tangential component is decisive for the yarn tension. is.

The air twist chamber can be designed so that the air swirls over at least 40% of the nozzle length. The total jet length includes the length of the yarn channel and the chamber length of the air twist chamber.

Preferably, the lateral component comprises more radial components than tangential components.
The air is therefore twisted more, which also twists the yarn more and creates stronger, more knots.

Alternatively, the lateral component contains more tangential components than radial components.
This draws more yarn out of the die and creates more yarn tension.

Furthermore, the problem is solved by a method for interlacing yarns. The yarn is guided along the yarn channel axis of the yarn channel of the entangling nozzle. Air is introduced into the air twist chamber and guided in vectors within the air twist chamber. The vector contains more transverse components across the channel axis than along the channel axis inside the air twist chamber, and more axial than transverse components outside the air twist chamber. include.

This provides an easy way to ensure that the yarn achieves a large number of strong knots with low air mass or pressure.

The invention is explained in more detail in the drawings. The drawing shows:

1 is a top view of a first embodiment of an entangling nozzle according to the invention for producing a small number of stable knots; FIG. Figure 2 shows detail D of Figure 1; Figure 2 shows the injection opening of Figure 1; FIG. 4 is a top view of a second embodiment of an interlacing nozzle according to the invention; FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity and velocity scale in an injection opening having a circular cross-section; FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity and velocity scale in an injection opening having a circular cross-section; FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity and velocity scale in an injection opening having a circular cross-section; FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity and velocity scale in an injection opening having a circular cross-section; FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity and velocity scale in an injection opening having a diamond-shaped cross-section; FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity and velocity scale in an injection opening having a diamond-shaped cross-section; FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity and velocity scale in an injection opening having a diamond-shaped cross-section; FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity and velocity scale in an injection opening having a diamond-shaped cross-section; FIG. 3 is a plot of airflow velocity in a prior art interlacing nozzle having an air twist chamber with a chamber length smaller than the chamber extension and velocity scale. FIG. 3 is a plot of airflow velocity in a prior art interlacing nozzle having an air twist chamber with a chamber length smaller than the chamber extension and velocity scale. FIG. 3 is a plot of airflow velocity in a prior art interlacing nozzle having an air twist chamber with a chamber length smaller than the chamber extension and velocity scale. FIG. 3 is a plot of airflow velocity in a prior art interlacing nozzle having an air twist chamber with a chamber length smaller than the chamber extension and velocity scale. FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity in an interlacing nozzle having an air twist chamber with a chamber length greater than the chamber extension and velocity scale. FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity in an interlacing nozzle having an air twist chamber with a chamber length greater than the chamber extension and velocity scale. FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity in an interlacing nozzle having an air twist chamber with a chamber length greater than the chamber extension and velocity scale. FIG. 4 is a representation of airflow velocity in an interlacing nozzle having an air twist chamber with a chamber length greater than the chamber extension and velocity scale. FIG. 10 is a side-by-side plot of airflow velocities for various entangled nozzle designs; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the entangling nozzle along the yarn feeding direction; FIG. 3 shows an example of entangled yarns; FIG. 3 shows an example of entangled yarns; FIG. 5 is a top view of a further embodiment of an entangling nozzle according to the invention for producing more but less stable knots; Figure 13 is a view of the injection opening shown in Figure 12; Fig. 3 is a comparison of the number of knots of yarn processed with a nozzle according to the invention and a nozzle according to the prior art; Fig. 3 is a comparison of the knot stability of yarns treated with a nozzle according to the invention and a nozzle according to the prior art;

FIG. 1 shows a top view of a first embodiment of an interlacing nozzle 100 according to the invention. The shape, size and geometry of the nozzle are designed to produce a small but stable number of knots. The interlacing nozzle 100 comprises a nozzle plate 10 having a yarn channel 1 with two channel portions 1a and 1b and an air twisting chamber 2 between the portions 1a and 1b. The yarn guiding direction F is along the central axes Ma and Mb of the channel portions 1a and 1b. The air twist chamber 2 comprises two chamber regions 2a and 2b. In the transition between the first chamber region 2a and the second chamber region 2b an injection opening 4 is arranged through which an air flow is injected into the air twisting chamber 2. .

Along the yarn guiding direction F, the first channel part 1a is arranged first, followed by the first chamber area 2a, the second chamber area 2b and then the second channel part 1b.

An inlet portion 3a is arranged at the inlet of the first channel portion 1a, and an outlet portion 3b is arranged at the outlet of the second channel portion 1b. Channel portion 1a is shorter than channel portion 1b. Both channel parts have an extension 21 of 1.7 mm in the direction of the drawing surface. The nozzle plate 10 has a substantially mirror-symmetric configuration with respect to a plane passing through the central axes Ma and Mb and perpendicular to the plate surface.

The nozzle plate 10 includes a base surface 13 having two substantially straight sides 15a and 15b arranged opposite each other and two rounded sides 16a and 16b also arranged opposite each other. and has an outer shape. The straight sides each have a substantially trapezoidal indentation 14a and 14b, the axes of symmetry of which lie on the central axes Ma and Mb. On each of the rounded sides are arranged projections 12a and 12b for attaching the nozzle to the holder. Protrusions 12a, 12b have substantially the same radius as rounded sides 16a, 16b. However, the projections 12a, 12b are shorter than these sides.

Nozzle plate 10 further includes two circular openings 11 a and 11 b extending through nozzle plate 10 .

The air twist chamber 2 has a chamber length 29 in the yarn guiding direction F of 4.69 mm and a chamber extension 28 of 2.32 mm. Chamber extension 28 is to be understood as the maximum extension of air twist chamber 2 across chamber length 29 in the plane of the plate. This chamber spread 28 and this chamber length 29 have a length to spread ratio of 2.02.

The nozzle plate 10 is connected to the cover plate such that the channel portions 1a and 1b and the air twist chamber 2 are closed. The yarn or yarns are introduced into and passed through the air twist chamber 2 while compressed air is directed through the injection openings 4 to the yarn or yarns. As a result, one or more yarns are knotted.

Since the air twist chamber 2 is long with respect to its extent, on the one hand more air is guided laterally than in shorter chambers, and moreover, the air is guided over this laterally longer area.

The airflow vector component transverse to the yarn guiding direction is responsible for entanglement and thus knot count and strength. Here the more entanglement the yarn has over the longer area, the more tighter knots are formed.

FIG. 2 shows detail D of FIG. 1 showing a processing chamber 2 with two chamber regions 2a and 2b. The chamber region 2a has a first chamber width 22 across the central axis Ma and the second chamber region 2b has a second chamber width 23 across the central axis Mb. A constriction 5 is arranged between the chamber regions 2a and 2b. That is, the chamber width 22 of the first chamber region 2a and the chamber width 23 of the second chamber region 2b are greater than the chamber width 51 between the chamber regions 2a and 2b. The chamber width 23 of the second chamber region 2b is greater than or equal to the chamber width 22 of the first chamber region 2a (preferably about 5% larger). The chamber length here is approximately 200% of the chamber width. The chamber regions 2a and 2b have a teardrop-shaped cross-section in the plane of the plate, with radii and straights converging in the yarn guiding direction.

This constriction 5 separates the airflow and creates two areas in which the air and thus the yarn are swirled differently.

A first region length 24 parallel to the central axes Ma and Mb of the first chamber region 2a is greater than or equal to a second region length 25 parallel to the central axes Ma and Mb of the second chamber region 2b. The chamber length 29 of the air twist chamber 2, consisting of the first zone length 24 and the second zone length 25, is 5.1 mm.

The chamber walls of chamber regions 2a and 2b are each spaced at an angle from the walls of the yarn channel. The angle P of the chamber walls of the first chamber region 2a is about 18°-20° (specifically 19°) with respect to the walls of the yarn channel and the angle S of the chamber walls of the second chamber region 2b is also 18° to 20°. A smaller angle (see also FIGS. 12 and 13 below) is used to generate more knots and a larger angle is used to generate fewer but more stable knots. Region lengths 24 and 25 are determined by the chamber spread (ie, width of the air twist chamber) and angle. The width and/or angle of the air twist chambers may be the same or different.

However, other dimensions and geometries are also conceivable. The above geometry can also be used for nozzle lengths up to 12 mm with channel widths up to 45 mm. Thus, for example within the yarn channel base, the radius can be adapted accordingly.

FIG. 3 shows the injection opening 4 of the example embodiment of FIG. The chamber regions 2a and 2b of the air twist chamber 2 (see FIG. 1) are arranged directly one after the other, whereby the air twist chamber 2 (see FIG. 1) is located at the transition between the chamber regions 2a and 2b. has a narrowed portion 5 with a width of . An injection opening 4 is arranged at the transition between the chamber regions 2a and 2b. A large part of the cross-section of the injection opening 4 opens into the first chamber region 2a.

The injection opening 4 has a cross-sectional shape which is essentially a parallelogram with rounded corners 41-44. The rounded corners 41-44 are rounded portions. The sides of the parallelogram shape are air guides 45 that function to guide air in specific directions. A first corner 41 points in the yarn guiding direction F and a second corner 42 points away from the yarn guiding device so that the line of symmetry 40 of the parallelogram lies on the central axes Ma and Mb. placed along. Both the first corner 41 and the second corner 42 are rounded with a radius of 0.2 mm to 2.5 mm. Both the third corner 43 and the fourth corner 44 are in planes perpendicular to the central axes Ma and Mb, and both are rounded with a radius of 0.3 mm to 3 mm. The angle between straight sections is about 50° for acute angles and about 130° for obtuse angles. The injection opening typically has a width of 1 mm to 10 mm, preferably about 1.32 mm, and a length of 0.8 mm to 7 mm, preferably about 0.99 mm, thus giving a ratio of about 1.33:1. It has a width-to-length ratio.

If the injection openings have a parallelogram or diamond shape, as shown, the air is gradually guided transversely to the yarn guiding direction, the transverse direction having both tangential and radial components. have The corners 41 and 42 on the line of symmetry of the yarn guiding direction are obtuse and the other corners 43 and 44 are acute. The angles of the corners affect the direction of the airflow, so the angles can be adjusted depending on whether the flow has a more tangential or radial component.

FIG. 4 shows a top view of a second embodiment of an interlacing nozzle 100 according to the invention. The interlaced nozzle 100 of this embodiment has a nozzle plate 110 that is substantially the same as the nozzle plate of the first embodiment. Therefore, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below.

The air-twisting chamber 102 of this embodiment has two chamber regions, the chamber wall 127a of the first chamber region arranged in the yarn guiding direction F and the wall portion 127b of the second chamber region facing the yarn guiding direction It has a roundness in the yarn guiding direction with a radius greater than the rounding radius of F. The radius of rounding of the first wall portion 127a can vary. Typically it is about 25 mm. The radius of rounding of the second wall portion 127b may also vary and may be approximately 15 mm.

In the example embodiment shown, the chamber length 129 of the air twist chamber 102 is 6.85 mm and the chamber extension 128 is 3 mm. The extension 121 of yarn channel 101 is 2.4 mm.

Injection opening 104 has a cross-sectional shape substantially the same as the parallelogram shown in FIG. 3, with rounded corners.

Injection openings 104 are positioned such that the airflow enters air twist chamber 102 at an angle of less than 90°.

FIG. 5a shows a nozzle with injection openings with a circular cross section used in prior art entangled nozzles. Simulations were performed to illustrate the effect of cross-sectional shape on airflow. The simulations of Figures 5b-5d (and Figures 6b-6d) were based on an interlacing nozzle with yarn channels without air twisting chambers.

Such injection openings known per se can also be arranged in the air twist chamber 2 of an interlacing nozzle according to the invention as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.

Figure 5b shows the flow velocity scale shown in Figures 5c and 5d.
Figure 5c shows the airflow velocity in a top view of the nozzle of Figure 5a. It can be seen that the air flow with maximum velocity 70 in area 150 mostly flows in the yarn guiding direction F or in the opposite direction. Areas 151 with relatively high velocities 71 are mainly located in the yarn channel walls and are also guided in the yarn guiding direction F or in the opposite direction. However, between the yarn channel walls of area 151 there are regions that are guided in the yarn guiding direction F or in the opposite direction, mainly at relatively low velocities 72 or 73 .

Figure 5d shows a side view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of 5a. The airflow is directed mainly to the center of the yarn channel in the region 152 of the injection opening, i.e. there is a region 152 with high velocity 70 in the center of the yarn channel in the region of the injection opening which has a transverse component. . In region 153 there are occasionally areas of flow vectors that also have high transverse velocities at the center of the yarn channel. However, the area with high velocity here also gradually progresses along the wall opposite the entrance opening in the yarn guiding direction or in the opposite direction.

Figure 6a shows an injection opening with a diamond-shaped cross-section without air twist chambers to illustrate the effect of nozzle opening geometry on airflow.

Figure 6b shows the flow velocity scale.
Figure 6c shows a representation of the nozzle flow velocity in plan view. This figure shows that injection orifices with a diamond-shaped cross-section have a larger area 160 at higher flow velocities 70 than in FIG. there is Furthermore, Figure 6c shows that nozzles with injection openings with diamond-shaped cross-sections have more areas 161 with relatively high flow velocities 71, which are also between the yarn channel walls than Figure 5c. , indicating that more guidance is provided at the center of .

Figure 6d shows a side view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of Figure 6a. Figure 6d also shows that the nozzle with diamond-shaped injection openings has a larger area 163 with relatively high velocity 71 directed more centrally between the channel walls than the nozzle shown in Figure 5d. show.

Figure 7a shows a prior art nozzle with a circular injection opening and an air twist chamber with a chamber length smaller than the chamber dimensions.

Figure 7b shows the flow velocity scale.
Figure 7c shows a top view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of Figure 7a. It can be seen that the flow has several areas 170 of high velocity where the flow is transverse to the yarn guiding direction. Outside the chamber there is an area 171 where the flow has a relatively high velocity 71 and is predominantly in the yarn guiding or opposite direction.

Figure 7d shows a side view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of Figure 7a. Here, the flow is mainly guided laterally within the area 172 of the injection opening. In a small area 173 outside the chamber, the flow has a high velocity and travels in the yarn guiding direction or in the opposite direction.

Figure 8a shows a nozzle according to the invention having an air twist chamber with a chamber length 2.5 times greater than the chamber extension.

Figure 8b shows the flow velocity scale.
Figure 8c shows a top view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of Figure 8a. This stream has a high velocity 71 flow in the chamber traveling transverse to the yarn guiding direction F and a high velocity 71 flowing in the yarn guiding direction F or in the opposite direction in the center of the area 180 in the yarn guiding direction. It can be seen that it has a large area with a flow of .

Figure 8d shows a side view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of Figure 8a. It can be seen that in the larger areas 182, 183 the flow is more concentrated centrally between the walls of the yarn channel, ie transverse to the yarn guiding direction F, than shown in Figure 7d. The flow has high velocity 71 in area 183 near the injection opening and somewhat lower velocity 73 in area 182 . Therefore, the air flow in the yarn guiding direction F is reduced.

FIG. 9 shows a side-by-side view of the airflow from the various nozzles.
The display 80 shows the airflow for a nozzle without an air twist chamber, as in Figure 5a.

FIG. 81 shows the airflow of a nozzle with an air twist chamber having a chamber length smaller than the chamber dimensions, as in FIG. 7a.

Display 82 shows the airflow of a nozzle according to the invention having an air twist chamber with a chamber length 1.6 times greater than the chamber extension.

FIG. 83 shows the airflow of a nozzle according to the invention having an air twist chamber with a chamber length greater than twice the chamber extension. In FIG. 80, the airflow is distributed with relatively little airflow concentrated in the center. Line 84 shows that increasing the length of the chamber increases the direction of flow toward the center.

FIG. 10 shows in simplified form a cross-section of the nozzle plate 10 in the direction of yarn guidance. The yarn channel 1 has a central air twist chamber 2 into which an injection opening 4 opens at an angle to the yarn guiding direction F.

Figures 11a and 11b show examples of entangled DTY yarns (Figure 11a) and entangled plain yarns (Figure 11b).

Figures 12 and 13 show a further embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention in a representation similar to that of the first embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 . The same reference numerals denote the same elements as in FIGS. 1 and 2 and will not be described again. In contrast to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, the nozzles according to FIGS. 12 and 13 are designed to produce more and therefore less stable nodes.

The channel parts 1a, 1b have an extension 21 of 1.7 mm in the direction of the drawing surface.
The air twist chamber 2 has a chamber length 29 in the yarn guiding direction F of 6.74 mm and a chamber extension 28 of 2.0 mm. This chamber spread 28 and this chamber length 29 have a length to spread ratio of about 3.37.

The chamber walls of chamber regions 2a and 2b are each separated from the yarn channel wall at an angle of about 6°. This is useful for tying many knots.

FIG. 13 shows the injection opening 4 of the example embodiment of FIG. A small part of the cross section of the injection opening 4 leads into the first chamber region 2a.

The injection opening 4 has a kite-shaped cross-sectional configuration with rounded corners and rounded borders in the chamber region 2a.

The injection opening 4 has a width B of approximately 1.13 mm and a length L of approximately 1.1 mm, thus a width to length ratio of approximately 1:1.

The kite has an asymmetrical structure and its length is 0.5 mm in chamber region 2a and 0.6 mm in chamber region 2b.

A comparative test was carried out with a nozzle according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 with a nozzle known from the prior art (see for example FIG. 14a of WO 2006/099763). In these tests, operating conditions (particularly air volume at a given blowing pressure) were adjusted as much as possible to obtain the same account number and knot stability. Figures 14a and 14b show the knot count (Figure 14a) and knot stability (Figure 14b) of a yarn (PES POY dtex 110/78f36) with a nozzle according to the invention (X45.40) and with a stand (P142) respectively. indicates Approximately 20% less air was consumed with the nozzle according to the invention to achieve approximately the same knot count and knot stability.

Claims (17)

An entangling nozzle (100) for producing knotted, entangled, DTY or plain yarn comprising a yarn channel (1) with an air twisting chamber (2), comprising:
said air twist chamber (2) having an injection opening (4) for introducing air into said air twist chamber (2);
the channel axis (Ma, Mb) extends in the yarn guiding direction (F),
said yarn channel (1) having a channel width (21) transverse to said channel axis (Ma, Mb);
said air twist chamber (2) having a chamber length (29) in said yarn guiding direction (F) and a chamber extension (28) transverse to said length;
Said chamber length (29) is at least 180% of said chamber extension (28), preferably at least 200% of said chamber extension (28), in particular about 220% or 330%, preferably said chamber Interlacing nozzle (100), characterized in that the length (29) is at least 1.5 mm longer than said chamber extension (28). Said chamber extension (28) is between 15% and 45%, preferably 15% or 35%, of said channel width (21), preferably said chamber extension (28) is greater than said channel width (21). 2. Interlacing nozzle (100) according to claim 1, which is at most 5 mm wide, more preferably at most 3 mm wide. Confounding according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chamber length (29) is at most 350% of the channel width (21), in particular at most 30 mm, preferably at most 20 mm, greater than the channel width (21). Nozzle (100). 1. Any one of the preceding claims, wherein the air twist chamber (2) comprises a chamber wall comprising at least one wall segment, in particular rounded with a radius of 0.3 mm to 6 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 2 mm. 10. An interlacing nozzle (100) according to paragraph 1. The interlacing nozzle (100) of claim 4, wherein the chamber wall comprises straight wall segments.
4. Any one of the preceding claims, wherein the chamber wall extends from the channel wall, viewed in the yarn guiding direction, preferably at an angle of 5[deg.] or less with respect to the yarn guiding direction and the channel wall. entanglement nozzle (100). Said air twist chamber (2) comprises a first chamber area (2a) and a second chamber area (2b), said first chamber area (2a) being initially arranged in the yarn guiding direction (F). , said second chamber region (2b) is arranged immediately after said first chamber region (2a) in the yarn guiding direction (F), and from said first chamber region (2a) to said second chamber region ( At the transition to 2b), the chamber (2) is characterized in that the chamber extension (28) at the first and second chamber regions (2a, 2b) is greater than the chamber extension (28) at the transition. 10. An interlacing nozzle (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, having a constriction (5) such that An entangling nozzle (100) for producing entangled yarns of knotted yarns from DTY or plain yarns with knots, comprising a yarn channel (1) with an air twisting chamber (2), especially according to any one of the preceding claims. A entangling nozzle (100) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, comprising:
said air twist chamber (2) having an injection opening (4) for introducing air into said air twist chamber (2);
the channel axis (M) extends in the yarn guiding direction (F);
Said injection opening (4) has a cross-section with at least one rounded radius and at least one air guide, said air guide being straight or having a radius of curvature of said radius. An interlacing nozzle (100) characterized by having said radius of curvature at least ten times greater than the radius. 9. Interlacing nozzle (100) according to claim 8, wherein the air guide is arranged at an angle to the channel axis (M). Said injection opening comprises exactly four air guides, arranged substantially diamond-shaped in cross-section, preferably the first line of symmetry of said diamond-shaped is parallel to said channel axis (M) so that the diamond-shaped first corner faces the yarn guiding direction, the second corner faces the opposite direction to the yarn guiding direction, and the third and fourth corners face the first 10. An interlacing nozzle (100) according to claim 8 or 9, facing oppositely in a common plane perpendicular to the line of symmetry of the. 11. The interlacing nozzle (100) of claim 10, wherein said corners of said diamond shape are rounded. Said injection opening (4) comprises a cross-section with an opening length in the yarn guiding direction (F) and an opening width across said opening length, said opening length and said opening width being different, in particular said An interlacing nozzle (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of opening length to said opening width is between 1.0 and 1.5. wherein said opening length is smaller than said opening width, and preferably said first and second corners of said diamond shape are rounded with a larger radius than said third and fourth corners; Interlacing nozzle (100) according to claim 10 or 11 and 12. Said opening width is smaller than said opening length, and preferably said third and fourth corners of said diamond shape are rounded with a larger radius than said first and second corners. 13. Interlacing nozzle (100) according to clause 10 or 11 and 12. An entangling nozzle (100) for producing an entangled yarn of knotted yarn from DTY or plain yarn with knots, comprising a yarn channel (1) with an air twisting chamber (2), especially according to any one of the preceding claims. A entangling nozzle (100) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, comprising:
said air twist chamber (2) having an injection opening (4) for introducing air into said air twist chamber (2);
a channel axis (M) extends in a yarn guiding direction (F), said yarn channel (1) having a channel width (21) transverse to said channel axis (M);
said air twist chamber (2) having a chamber length (29) in said yarn guiding direction (F) and a chamber extension (28) across said length;
Said air twist chamber (2) and/or said injection openings (4) are such that the air introduced through said injection openings (4) is aligned with said channel axis (M) inside said air twist chamber (2). ) transverse to said channel axis (M) than along said air twist chamber (2) and outside said air twist chamber (2) is guided in a vector with more axial than transverse component An interlacing nozzle (100), characterized in that it is designed and arranged in said yarn channel (1) such that: 16. The entangling nozzle (100) of claim 15, wherein the lateral component comprises more radial components than tangential components. 16. The entangling nozzle (100) of claim 15, wherein the lateral component comprises more tangential components than radial components. A method for entangling yarn, said yarn being guided along the channel axis (M) of the yarn channel (1) of an entangling nozzle (100) and the introduced air entering the air twisting chamber (2). inside the air twist chamber, said vector comprising more transverse components transverse to said channel axis (M) than axial components along said channel axis (M), said A method, characterized in that outside the air twist chamber (2) it contains more axial than transverse components.

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