JP2023175487A - building with courtyard - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a building with a courtyard in which a space around the courtyard has a feeling of expansion equal to or larger than the actual square measure of the courtyard even when the square measure of the courtyard is limited, and sufficient lighting and ventilation can be obtained.SOLUTION: In a building 1 with a courtyard having a courtyard 33 surrounded by a building body, a habitable room space (living room 13) facing the courtyard 33 through a window 36, and a blindfold wall 51 facing the window 36 across the courtyard 33, a planting pit 41 dug lower than the reference floor height (1FL) of the habitable room space is provided on the floor surface of the indoor side along the lower side part of the window 36, and the planting pit 41 and the courtyard 33 are visually continued when the courtyard 33 is viewed from the habitable room space. An opening part 52 is formed in the lower part of the blindfold wall 51, the courtyard 33 is expanded to the outside of the blindfold wall 51 through the opening part 52, an exterior wall 53 larger than the opening part 52 is erected outside the blindfold wall 51, and daylighting and ventilation are obtained in the courtyard 33 through the opening part 52 from between the blindfold wall 51 and the exterior wall 53.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Application for application of Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act (1) Publication through exhibition From June 19, 2021, it will be exhibited at the following housing exhibition hall Is Roye Hiroshima Asta Exhibition Hall (2-Ushida Shinmachi, Higashi-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture) 2-10-12) (2) Publication by publication in publications From June 12, 2021, publication in the following leaflets etc. published by the applicant a. Design Office Hiroshima New Model House Information Leaflet b. Design Office Hiroshima Model House Concept Book c. Model house information leaflet for related business partners d. Model house information leaflet for corporations/companies

The invention disclosed in this application relates to a building with a courtyard.

A building structure called a courthouse is known, in which a courtyard is enclosed by a building body and walls. For example, in Patent Document 1, a courtyard is provided in an outdoor area surrounded by an L-shape or a U-shape in plan view by the main building part of the building, and the courtyard can be viewed from multiple living rooms facing the courtyard. something is disclosed.

In such buildings with a courtyard, it is common to install plants or walls near the boundary between the courtyard and the outside of the site to block the view from outside the site into the courtyard or inside the building. By making the openings on the outside of the building smaller and increasing the openings surrounding the courtyard, it is possible to bring in light and ventilation indoors while ensuring privacy. Even if the site is small or the neighboring houses are close together, the indoor space will be bright, allowing you to enjoy the view of the courtyard without worrying about being seen from outside the site, and creating a sense of unity between the indoor and outdoor spaces. Because of this, it is often used in single-family houses and stores, especially in urban areas. The outdoor space surrounded by walls adjacent to the building in a box shape and open at the top is also called a loggia.

In addition, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3 describe a space configuration in which a two-story atrium is provided indoors facing a courtyard in a two- or three-story house to further enhance indoor brightness and a sense of openness. is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-155873 JP2002-227433A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-196662 JP2021-119280A

Even in a building with a courtyard like the one mentioned above, if there is not enough space on the site, the courtyard will be cramped. In such a courtyard, the walls surrounding the courtyard increase the feeling of pressure, making it difficult to obtain a sense of openness and a sense of unity between indoors and outdoors when looking at the courtyard from indoors. If sunlight can only be obtained from above the courtyard, the growth of plants will be poor, and if ventilation is poor, moisture will accumulate, impairing livability.

The invention disclosed in this application was conceived to improve the above-mentioned problem, and even when the area of the courtyard is limited, the space around the courtyard feels larger than the actual area of the courtyard. The purpose of this project is to provide a building with a courtyard that provides sufficient lighting and ventilation.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention disclosed in the present application is provided with a courtyard surrounded by a main body of the building for a majority of its circumference, the courtyard is planted with plants, and the main body of the building is surrounded by a window. In a building with a courtyard, in which a living space facing the courtyard is provided, and a blind wall higher than the height of the window is provided at a position facing the window across the courtyard, the window is located above the floor of the living space. A planting pit is provided so as to open from near the surface to near the ceiling surface, and is dug lower than a standard floor height of the living space on the floor surface of the living space along the lower side of the window. Accordingly, when the courtyard is viewed from the living space through the window, the planting pit and the courtyard are visually continuous.

In the above-mentioned matters specifying the invention, "planted" means that the space is aesthetically and functionally constructed with trees, ground cover, etc. A "living space" is a room that is continuously used by a person for living, office work, work, meetings, entertainment, etc. "Facing the courtyard" means being able to appreciate the scenery of the courtyard through the translucent window. Furthermore, "near the floor" refers to a height of 10 cm or less above the floor, and "near the ceiling" refers to a height of 30 cm or more minus the ceiling.

Furthermore, in the invention disclosed in the present application, in the building with a courtyard configured as described above, an opening that opens to the ground of the courtyard is formed at the lower part of the blind wall, and the ground surface of the courtyard is exposed through the opening. An external structure wall extending to the outside of the blind wall and having a height and width larger than the opening is erected outside the blind wall so as to face the blind wall. and the external structure wall through the opening to allow daylight and ventilation into the courtyard.

In the above configuration, it is preferable that the height of the opening is equal to or less than the reference floor height of the living space plus 1.2 m.

Further, in the building with a courtyard configured as described above, the ground surface of the courtyard may be formed to have an upward slope from the window side toward the blind wall side.

Further, in the building with a courtyard configured as described above, the portion of the living space facing the window is a multi-story atrium space, and the window opens to the vicinity of the ceiling surface of the atrium space. may be provided.

Furthermore, a staircase with a see-through structure may be provided above the planting pit in the living space.

Furthermore, a raised floor portion higher than a standard floor height of the living space may be provided adjacent to the indoor side of the planting pit. The raised floor portion may also serve as a landing continuous to the entrance of the stairs.

In a building with a courtyard constructed as described above, a planting pit is dug into the floor of the living room space facing the courtyard and is dug lower than the ground level of the courtyard, so when looking at the courtyard from the living space In addition, the planting pit and the courtyard are visually connected, creating an atmosphere where the courtyard seems to extend indoors.

Furthermore, an opening is formed at the bottom of the blind wall that surrounds the courtyard, and the ground surface of the courtyard is extended to the outside of the opening, making it difficult to see the end of the ground of the courtyard from the indoor side. This has the effect of making the area seem larger than it actually is. By erecting an exterior wall outside the blind wall, it is possible to obtain daylight and ventilation into the courtyard from outside the blind wall while ensuring privacy and security.

As a result, even if the area of the courtyard is limited, the space around the courtyard can be expanded beyond its actual area and create a sense of unity between indoors and outdoors, making it possible to enjoy the landscape of lush greenery. It becomes possible.

1 is a first floor plan view and an exterior view of a building with a courtyard according to an embodiment of the invention disclosed in this application. It is a 2nd floor plan view of the building with a courtyard. It is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the building with a courtyard. FIG. 2 is an interior view of the building with a courtyard viewed from the X point in FIG. 1 toward the courtyard. This is an interior view of the courtyard viewed from point Y in FIG. 1. This is an interior view of the planting pit side viewed from point Z in FIG. 1.

Embodiments of the invention disclosed in this application will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show a building with a courtyard according to an embodiment of the invention disclosed in this application.

This building 1 with a courtyard is a two-story house with a flat roof. The entire site is rectangular, close to a square, with the west side facing the road and the north, south, and east sides adjoining neighboring land. The main body of the building also has a roughly rectangular plan shape, close to a square, and is arranged to leave approximately equal space between the road boundary and the property boundaries on three sides, with an approach to the entrance on the northwest side. It is being

On the first floor of the building, there are an entrance hall 11 and an entrance storage room 12 on the north side, a living room 13 in the center, a dining/kitchen 14 and a pantry/household room 15 on the south side, and an audio room 16 on the northeast side. ing. The living room 13 and the dining/kitchen 14 are spatially integrated without any partitions.

Approximately half of the east side of the living room 13 is an atrium 17 that reaches up to the second floor, and a staircase 18 is provided in the atrium 17. A part of the west side of the living room 13 is also provided with an atrium 19 that extends up to the second floor and is smaller than that on the east side.

On the second floor of the main building, there is a passage space 21 that connects to the stairs 18 and surrounds the atrium 17.Around the passage space, there is a study 22 and study room 23 on the south side, a bedroom 24 on the north side, and a walk-in closet. 25, washroom 26, fitness room 27, bathroom 28, etc. are arranged. A patio 31 without a roof and a balcony 32 with a roof are provided on the west side of the passage space 21.

A U-shaped recess in plan view is formed on the east side of the building body, and a courtyard 33 is provided in the recess. The inner dimensions of the recess in the exemplary embodiment are approximately 3.7 m wide x 2.3 m deep. This courtyard 33 is an outdoor space whose upper part is open to the sky, where natural light shines in and where rain falls. The ground of the courtyard 33 is covered with soil and stones, and medium and tall trees, including a symbolic tree that is taller than the human eye, and ground covers are planted to form the landscape of a small-scale garden.

The courtyard 33 is surrounded by an audio room 16, a living room 13, and a pantry/housekeeping room 15 on the first floor, and is surrounded by an atrium 17 and a passage space 21 on the second floor. The audio room 16 is equipped with a sweeping window 34 that faces the courtyard 33 and opens from near the floor to near the ceiling. The living room 13 and the atrium 17 face the courtyard 33 through a high sash type atrium window 36 that opens wide from near the floor on the first floor to near the ceiling on the second floor with a beam 35 in between. The open-air window 36 has a first floor portion that is a combination of a sliding door-type opening and a closing portion, and a second floor portion that has a closing portion. In the pantry/housekeeping room 15, a ground window 37 that opens to a height of several tens of centimeters from near the floor is provided on the wall on the courtyard 33 side. All of these windows 34, 36, and 37 are made of transparent glass.

The invention disclosed in this application is characterized by an indoor/outdoor space configuration (FIG. 3) that appears in an east-west cross section that crosses the living room 13, the open-air window 36, and the courtyard 33. First, on the indoor side, a planting pit 41 is provided along the lower side of the open-air window 36. The planting pit 41 is located below the stairs 18 and is formed by digging into the floor surface of the living room 13 to extend approximately the full opening width of the atrium window 36 and to be lower than the ground level of the courtyard 33. The depth (short side) of the planting pit 41 in the illustrated embodiment is about 80 cm, and the depth from the floor of the living room 13, which is the standard floor height (1FL) of the first floor, is about 36 cm. The bottom surface of the planting pit 41 is treated with drainage. Potted plants were placed on the bottom surface of the floor, and cracked stones were laid in the gaps between them, so that the landscape similar to that of Courtyard 33 was created so that it appeared to be at approximately the same height as the ground of Courtyard 33. has been done.

The stairs 18 are arranged above the planting pit 41 with the ascending and descending direction parallel to the open-air window 36. This staircase 18 is a see-through staircase (skeleton staircase) that does not easily obstruct the view of the open-air window 36.

On the indoor side (living room 13 side) of the planting pit 41, there is a raised stage-like raised floor part (stage) about three steps from the floor of the living room 13 (30 to 70 cm, about 57 cm in the illustrated embodiment). A living room) 42 is provided over approximately the full opening width of the atrium window 36. This raised floor portion 42 also serves as a landing continuous to the entrance of the stairs 18.

On the other hand, on the outdoor side, the ground of the courtyard 33 is a slope with a gentle upward slope toward the side away from the open-air window 36. A blind wall 51 is provided at a position facing the open-air window 36 across the courtyard 33. The illustrated blind wall 51 is a structural wall that continues from the outer wall of the building main body and rises to the top of the building main body (parapet position on the flat roof). At the lower part of the blind wall 51, a horizontally long rectangular opening 52 that opens to the ground of the courtyard 33 is formed over approximately the entire width of the courtyard 33. The height of the opening 52 is set to a height that does not exceed the eye level in the living room 13 (EL: 1 FL plus 1.2 to 1.4 m). The height of the opening 52 in the exemplary embodiment is approximately 1FL plus 1.0 m and GL (reference ground level) plus 1.6 m.

The ground of the courtyard 33 extends to the outside of the blind wall 51 through this opening 52. Exterior walls 53 are erected further outside the blind wall 51 at appropriate intervals. This exterior wall 53 is a relatively lightweight wall that is independent from the structure of the building itself, such as a fence or wall installed for crime prevention, etc., and serves to block the view from outside the site and protect the courtyard 33. It plays the role of retaining the earth on the slope. The exterior wall 53 is sufficiently lower than the blind wall 51, but the portion of the blind wall 51 facing the opening 52 is set to be larger than the width and height of the opening 52. The exterior wall 53 in the illustrated embodiment is a concrete block wall, and is erected at an interval of about 0.8 m from the blind wall 51. The height of the portion of the exterior wall 53 facing the opening 52 is about GL plus 1.8 m, and the height of the short sleeve portions orthogonally connected to both north and south ends is about GL plus 0.8 m.

According to the building 1 with a courtyard configured in this way, a planting pit 41 dug lower than the ground level of the courtyard 33 is provided on the floor surface on the indoor side of the open-air window 36 facing the courtyard 33. When the courtyard 33 is viewed from the living room 13, the planting pit 41 and the courtyard 33 are visually continuous, creating an atmosphere in which the courtyard 33 seems to extend indoors. By placing potted plants in the planting pit 41, it is possible to reduce the effort required to treat soil and water, facilitate maintenance such as replacing plants, and create a sense of continuity with the courtyard 33. can.

Such a spatial configuration can be achieved even with a living room space that is only one story high, but if the living room space facing the courtyard 33 becomes an atrium 17 with two or more floors, the courtyard 33 and the living room space will be aligned vertically as well. This increases the experience and creates a brighter and more open atmosphere. By making the staircase 18 provided in the atrium 17 a see-through staircase and placing it above the planting pit 41, the space under the stairs, which tends to become a dead space, can be made attractive as an extension of the courtyard 33.

If a raised floor section 42 higher than the standard floor height of the living space is provided adjacent to the planting pit 41 between the planting pit 41 and the living space, the sense of depth of the courtyard 33 as seen from the living space is further emphasized. Ru. If the raised floor part 42 is made into a landing continuous to the entrance of the stairs 18, the floating feeling of the space around the stairs 18 will be increased.

In addition, an opening 52 is formed at the bottom of the blind wall 51 surrounding the courtyard 33, and the ground surface of the courtyard 33 is expanded to the outside of the opening 52, so that the end of the ground of the courtyard 33 can be seen from the indoor side. This makes the area of the courtyard 33 seem larger than it actually is. If the ground of the courtyard 33 is sloped upward toward the blind wall 51, the spaciousness of the courtyard 33 will be further emphasized. By erecting the exterior wall 53 on the outside of the blind wall 51, privacy and security can also be ensured. The double structure of the blind wall 51 and the exterior wall 53 causes reflection and circulation of light between them, and the amount of light reaching the ground of the courtyard 33 is amplified. Since ventilation of the courtyard 33 is also promoted through the opening 52 of the blind wall 51, the growth of plants is improved and it becomes possible to enjoy the scenery of the lush greenery.

Note that the technical scope of the invention disclosed in this application should not be interpreted in a limited manner by the illustrated embodiments, but should be interpreted conceptually based on the description of the claims. The names of constituent elements used in the claims and specification are for convenience to make the invention easier to understand, and the names do not explain the concept or properties of the constituent elements more than necessary. It is not limited to. When implementing the invention disclosed in this application, detailed shapes, dimensions, structures, materials, quantities, forms of connection with other elements, relative positional relationships, etc. of components not specifically specified in the claims, etc. It is possible to modify as appropriate within the range in which effects substantially equivalent to or greater than those of the exemplified embodiment can be obtained.

For example, the planar shape of the building body surrounding the courtyard is not limited to the U-shape illustrated, but may be L-shape, etc., as long as it surrounds at least a majority of the perimeter of the courtyard. In that case, blind walls or exterior walls may be placed on two sides facing the building body across the courtyard. The size and shape of the courtyard may be appropriately designed depending on the overall scale of the building and the shape of the site. Further, the courtyard may be provided in two or more locations, or may be provided in the second floor or higher part of the building. The blind wall and exterior wall surrounding the courtyard may be a part of the structure of the building body, or may be a simple shielding body independent from the building body. A portion of the courtyard may be paved with a wooden deck or permeable blocks, as long as it has some planting.

Moreover, the living space facing the courtyard may be a space with a height of only one story without an atrium. The window facing the courtyard may be a casement window that can be opened and closed, or a part or all of it may be a closed window. The relative height relationship between the ground of the courtyard and the floor surface of the living space, the depth of the planting pit, the height of the window opening, etc. should be determined as appropriate depending on the physique of the resident and the size of the living space. , just need to be adjusted. Regarding the shape and finishing specifications of the floor, ceiling, walls, etc. of the living room, various structures, dimensions, materials, construction methods, etc. should be adopted within the range that can create a certain harmony between indoors and outdoors. I can do it.

The embodiments and other matters disclosed in this specification can also be understood as technical ideas shown in the following supplementary notes.
(Additional note 1)
comprising a courtyard with a majority of its circumference surrounded by the main body of the building, and said courtyard is planted with plants;
The main body of the building is provided with a living space overlooking the courtyard through a window,
In a building with a courtyard, a blind wall higher than the height of the window is provided at a position facing the window across the courtyard,
The window is provided so as to open from near the floor of the living space to near the ceiling,
By providing a planting pit dug lower than the standard floor height of the living space on the floor surface of the living space along the lower side of the window,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the planting pit and the courtyard are visually continuous when the courtyard is viewed from the living space through the window.
(Additional note 2)
In the buildings with courtyards listed in Appendix 1,
An opening that opens to the ground of the courtyard is formed at the bottom of the blind wall,
The ground surface of the courtyard is extended to the outside of the blind wall through the opening,
An external structure wall having a height and width larger than the opening is erected outside the blind wall so as to face the blind wall,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the building is configured so that daylight and ventilation can be obtained into the courtyard from between the blind wall and the exterior wall through the opening.
(Additional note 3)
In the buildings with courtyards listed in Appendix 2,
A building with a courtyard, wherein the height of the opening is equal to or less than the standard floor height of the living space plus 1.2 m.
(Additional note 4)
In a building with a courtyard described in Appendix 1, 2 or 3,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the ground surface of the courtyard is formed with an upward slope from the window side toward the blind wall side.
(Appendix 5)
In a building with a courtyard described in any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 4,
The living space has a portion facing the window that is a multi-story atrium space,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the window is provided so as to open to the vicinity of the ceiling surface of the atrium space.
(Appendix 6)
In a building with a courtyard described in any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 5,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that a staircase with a see-through structure is provided above the planting pit in the living space.
(Appendix 7)
In a building with a courtyard described in any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 6,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that a raised floor section higher than a standard floor height of the living space is provided adjacent to the indoor side of the planting pit.
(Appendix 8)
In a building with a courtyard described in Appendix 7 that quotes Appendix 6,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the raised floor part also serves as a landing continuous to the entrance of the stairs.

The invention disclosed in this application can be widely used not only in detached houses but also in space configurations around courtyards in collective housing, public facilities, commercial facilities, and other business buildings.

1 Building with courtyard 11 Entrance hall 12 Entrance storage room 13 Living room 14 Dining/kitchen 15 Pantry and housekeeping room 16 Audio room 17 Atrium 18 Stairs 19 Atrium 21 Passage space 22 Study room 23 Study room 24 Bedroom 25 Walk-in closet 26 Washroom 27 Fitness room 28 Bathroom 31 Patio 32 Balcony 33 Courtyard 34 Sweeping window 35 Beam section 36 Atrium window 37 Ground window 41 Planting pit 42 Raised floor section 51 Blind wall 52 Opening section 53 Exterior wall

Claims (8)

comprising a courtyard with a majority of its circumference surrounded by the main body of the building, and said courtyard is planted with plants;
The main body of the building is provided with a living space overlooking the courtyard through a window,
In a building with a courtyard, a blind wall higher than the height of the window is provided at a position facing the window across the courtyard,
The window is provided so as to open from near the floor of the living space to near the ceiling,
By providing a planting pit dug lower than the standard floor height of the living space on the floor surface of the living space along the lower side of the window,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the planting pit and the courtyard are visually continuous when the courtyard is viewed from the living space through the window. In the building with a courtyard according to claim 1,
An opening that opens to the ground of the courtyard is formed at the bottom of the blind wall,
The ground surface of the courtyard is extended to the outside of the blind wall through the opening,
An external structure wall having a height and width larger than the opening is erected outside the blind wall so as to face the blind wall,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the building is configured so that daylight and ventilation can be obtained into the courtyard from between the blind wall and the exterior wall through the opening. In the building with a courtyard according to claim 2,
A building with a courtyard, wherein the height of the opening is equal to or less than the standard floor height of the living space plus 1.2 m. In the building with a courtyard according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the ground surface of the courtyard is formed with an upward slope from the window side toward the blind wall side. In the building with a courtyard according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
The living space has a portion facing the window that is a multi-story atrium space,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the window is provided so as to open to the vicinity of the ceiling surface of the atrium space. In the building with a courtyard according to claim 5,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that a staircase with a see-through structure is provided above the planting pit in the living space. In the building with a courtyard according to claim 5,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that a raised floor section higher than a standard floor height of the living space is provided adjacent to the indoor side of the planting pit. In the building with a courtyard according to claim 5,
A staircase with a see-through structure is provided above the planting pit in the living space, and
A raised floor portion higher than a standard floor height of the living space is provided adjacent to the indoor side of the planting pit,
A building with a courtyard, characterized in that the raised floor part also serves as a landing continuous to the entrance of the stairs.