JP2023135506A - Emission device, purifier, and air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

To achieve compactification of an emission device.SOLUTION: An emission device includes: an electron source (120) which discharges electrons; and an accelerator (130) which accelerates the electrons. The electron source (120) and the accelerator (130) are integrated. The emission device further includes a vacuum vessel (140) which houses the electron source (120). It is preferable that the vacuum vessel (140) further houses at least a part of the accelerator (130). The accelerator (130) includes an electrode (131) disposed at the electron emission direction (B) side relative to the electron source (120). It is preferable that the vacuum vessel (140) be characterized by housing the electrode (131).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to an emission device, a purification device, and an air conditioner.

The device described in Patent Document 1 includes a photoelectron gun and an accelerator. The photoelectron gun includes a vacuum container in which a cathode is disposed and an electron extraction window for taking out electrons generated at the cathode, and a UV light source that irradiates the cathode with light to cause the cathode to emit electrons. The accelerator is separate from the photoelectron gun, and accelerates electrons emitted from the photoelectron gun using an accelerating electric field in an external vacuum container to which the electrons are separately connected.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-39766

However, devices (emission devices) that have the function of generating electrons, such as photoelectron guns, and also have the function of accelerating electrons, such as accelerators, may be installed in places with limited installation space. obtain.

An object of the present disclosure is to make the emission device more compact.

A first aspect of the present disclosure is directed to an emission device. The emission device includes an electron source (120) that emits electrons and an accelerator (130) that accelerates the electrons, and is characterized in that the electron source (120) and the accelerator (130) are integrated. do.

In the first aspect, the emission device can be made more compact by integrating the electron source (120) and the accelerator (130).

A second aspect of the present disclosure, in the first aspect, further includes a vacuum container (140) accommodating the electron source (120), and the vacuum container (140) includes at least a portion of the accelerator (130). It is characterized by further accommodating.

In the second aspect, the emission device can be made more compact by accommodating not only the electron source (120) but also at least a portion of the accelerator (130) in the vacuum container (140).

In a third aspect of the present disclosure, in the second aspect, the accelerator (130) includes an electrode (131) disposed on the electron emission direction (B) side with respect to the electron source (120). The vacuum container (140) accommodates the electrode (131).

In the third aspect, the emission device can be made more compact by housing the electrode (131) included in the accelerator (130) in the vacuum container (140).

A fourth aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that, in the third aspect, a voltage of less than 300 kV is applied between the electron source (120) and the electrode (131).

In the fourth aspect, the output device can save power.

In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, in the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the electron source (120) includes a cathode (121), and between the electron source (120) and the electrode (131). is characterized in that a high-voltage DC voltage is applied to it.

In the fifth embodiment, electrons generated at the cathode (121) can be accelerated by high-voltage DC voltage.

In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, in any one of the second to fifth aspects, the vacuum container (140) has an electron extraction window (141) for taking out the electrons accelerated by the accelerator (130). , and the electrons are continuously emitted from the electron extraction window (141).

In the sixth aspect, since electrons are continuously emitted, sterilization by electrons can be effectively performed.

In the sixth aspect, by continuously emitting electrons, a chemical reaction of an organic chemical substance using electrons can be effectively performed. In addition, if the organic chemical substance is a hazardous chemical substance that is harmful to the human body, living organisms, or the environment, or a hazardous chemical substance that is fatally toxic, the chemical reaction of the organic chemical substance By decomposing chemical substances, the impact on the human body, living organisms, and the environment can be reduced or rendered harmless.

A seventh aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that, in any one of the second to sixth aspects, the accelerator (130) accelerates the electrons within the vacuum container (140).

In the seventh aspect, there is no need to accelerate electrons outside the vacuum container (140).

An eighth aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a purification device. The purification device is characterized by comprising an emission device (1).

In the eighth aspect, the emission device (1) included in the purification device can be made compact.

A ninth aspect of the present disclosure, based on the eighth aspect, includes a fluid flow path (210), into which the electrons emitted from the emission device (1) are supplied. A supply area (214) is provided, and the emission device (1) and the supply area (214) are integrated.

In the ninth aspect, the emission device (1) and the supply region (214) are integrated, so that when accelerating electrons by the accelerator (130) of the emission device (1), the voltage applied to the electrons can be adjusted. For example, even if the voltage is set to a low value, such as less than 300 kV, electrons can be effectively supplied to the supply region (214), and sterilization by electrons can be effectively performed.

In the ninth aspect, the emission device (1) and the supply region (214) are integrated, so that when accelerating electrons by the accelerator (130) of the emission device (1), the voltage applied to the electrons can be adjusted. Even if the voltage is set to a low value, for example, less than 300 kV, electrons can be effectively supplied to the supply region (214), and the chemical reaction of the organic chemical substance can be effectively performed by electrons.

A tenth aspect of the present disclosure is the ninth aspect, further comprising a filter (220) disposed in the supply area (214).

In the tenth embodiment, bacteria can be captured by the filter (220) and the captured bacteria can be irradiated with electrons.

In a tenth embodiment, organic chemicals can be captured by the filter (220) and the captured organic chemicals can be bombarded with electrons.

An eleventh aspect of the present disclosure is the ninth or tenth aspect, further comprising a supply section (240) that supplies water vapor to the supply region (214).

In the eleventh aspect, hydroxyl radicals are generated when the electrons emitted from the emitting device (1) hit water vapor, and the hydroxyl radicals can render bacteria in the air harmless.

In the eleventh aspect, hydroxyl radicals are generated when the electrons emitted from the emitting device (1) hit water vapor, and the hydroxyl radicals can react with organic chemicals in the air. In addition, if the organic chemical in question is a hazardous chemical substance or lethally toxic chemical substance to the human body, living organisms, or the environment due to a chemical reaction with hydroxyl radicals, the chemical reaction of the organic chemical substance may be The structure changes and the impact on the human body, living things, or the environment can be reduced or rendered harmless.

A twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, in any one of the eighth to eleventh aspects, further includes a detection unit (251, 252) that detects the object to be sterilized by the electrons, and the detection unit (251, 252) It is characterized in that the emission device (1) operates based on the detection result.

In the twelfth aspect, the emission device (1) can be operated efficiently.

A thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure is directed to an air conditioner. The air conditioner is characterized by including a purification device (2).

In the thirteenth aspect, the emission device (1) included in the purification device (2) can be made compact.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a first example of an emission device. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a second example of the emission device. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a third example of the emission device. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a fourth example of the emission device. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a fifth example of the emission device. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a sixth example of the emission device. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a first example of the purification device. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a second example of the purification device. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a third example of the purification device. FIG. 10 is a flow diagram showing an example of the operation of the purification device. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a fourth example of the purification device. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a fifth example of the purification device. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the vacuum cleaner. FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a modified example of the emission device. FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a sixth example of the purification device. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a seventh example of the purification device. FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an eighth example of the purification device.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts, and detailed explanations and explanations of accompanying effects and the like will not be repeated.

-First embodiment-
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an emission device (11) that is a first example of the emission device (1). The emission device (1) is a device that emits electrons.

As shown in FIG. 1, the emission device (11) includes a light emitting unit (110), an electron source (120), an accelerator (130), a vacuum container (140), a rectifying power source (151), and a high voltage power source. (152).

The light emitting section (110) includes a light source (111) and a power source (112).

The light source (111) includes a light emitting element that emits light. The light source (111) may be any light source that generates UV light with a frequency equal to or higher than a predetermined value that can generate a photoelectric effect. The light source (111) generates light with a wavelength of, for example, 100 nm to 400 nm, preferably 100 nm to 300 nm. As the light source (111), various light sources such as a mercury lamp, a halogen lamp such as xenon, or a krypton lamp, an LED method, a flash lamp method, or a semiconductor laser method can be used.

The light emitted by the light source (111) may be periodic or non-periodic pulsed light as well as steady constant light. In addition, there are two methods of irradiating the light from the light source (111): a method of direct irradiation by arranging the electrons at an angle of incidence so as not to block the space in which the electrons are accelerated; An indirect irradiation method in which the light is reflected by a reflector and irradiated onto the cathode (121) may be used, or irradiation may be performed after transmitting light using a light guide such as an optical fiber. For the reflector, it is preferable to use high-purity aluminum, as well as a base material whose reflective surface is coated with silver or gold.Furthermore, it is preferable to use a base material whose reflective surface is coated with silver or gold, and furthermore, it is preferable to use a multi-layered dielectric thin film with a high refractive index and a low refractive index. A dielectric multilayer mirror having a reflective film is preferred. Further, the surface roughness of the reflector is preferably a mirror surface with an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 50 nm or less, with emphasis placed on reflection efficiency.

The power source (112) supplies power to the light source (111) to cause the light source (111) to emit light. In the first embodiment, the power source (112) is configured with a DC power source.

The electron source (120) is a source of electrons. The electron source (120) includes a cathode (121) and a rectifying electrode (122).

The cathode (121) generates electrons (photoelectrons) when irradiated with light from the light source (111). In this case, the light source (111) is arranged, for example, in a linear, ring, or rectangular shape below the cathode (121) as shown in FIG. and irradiate it with light. Of course, an optical lens may be placed in front of the cathode (121), and the light may be focused and irradiated onto the cathode (121) using the optical lens. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the emission device (12) which is a second example of the emission device (1), the light source (111) is placed on the same surface as the cathode (121), or on the same surface as the cathode (121). The reflector (123) is arranged in a linear, ring, or rectangular shape at the rear and is installed outside the space where electrons are accelerated, and the reflected light is focused on the cathode (121) surface. You may also irradiate it with light. Of course, an optical lens may be placed in front of the cathode (121), and the light may be focused and irradiated onto the cathode (121) using the optical lens. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, in the emission device (13) which is the third example of the emission device (1), the light source (111) is placed on the same surface as the cathode (121), or on the same surface as the cathode (121). ) The reflector may be arranged in a linear, ring, or rectangular shape at the rear, and may be irradiated with a reflector arranged in a mesh shape in a space where electrons are accelerated, and the reflected light may be irradiated onto the cathode (121). Note that the reflector arranged in a mesh shape may also serve as a rectifying electrode (122), and may have a light condensing function due to its shape.

Electrons generated at the cathode (121) are attracted by the rectifying electrode (122).

The material used for the cathode (121) may be any conductive material that emits photoelectrons due to the photoelectric effect, such as metals, metal oxides, superlattice semiconductors such as GaAs-GaAsP, etc. In particular, oxygen-free copper ( Preferred are Cu), cesium telluride (Cs-Te/Cs2Te), magnesium (Mg), lanthanum barium (LaB6), and the like.

The surface shape of the cathode (121) is not particularly limited, but it must be a smooth surface with an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 100 nm or less, which indicates the average amplitude in the height direction of the roughness curve, and it must have irregularities to increase the surface area. If the moth-eye structure has an aspect ratio of 3 or more, the light for photoelectron generation due to the photoelectric effect may not reach the cathode (121) material surface sufficiently. Structures and the like are preferred.

The number of electrons generated from the cathode (121) depends on the quantum efficiency of the material used for the cathode (121), but can be controlled by the amount of light irradiated to the cathode (121). Further, the number of light sources (111) is not limited to one, and a plurality of light sources (111) may be used to irradiate the cathode (121).

A light source (111) and a rectifying electrode (122) are arranged to face the cathode (121). The light source (111) is formed in an annular shape, and a rectifying electrode (122) is arranged inside the light source (111). By arranging the rectifying electrode (122) inside the light source (111), the installation space for the light source (111) and the rectifying electrode (122) can be reduced. Note that the rectifying electrode (122) may be formed into a ring shape, and the light source (111) may be placed inside the rectifying electrode (122).

The accelerator (130) accelerates electrons (see symbol (A) in FIG. 1) generated by the electron source (120). The accelerator (130) includes an accelerating electrode (131). The accelerating electrode (131) is arranged to face the rectifying electrode (122).

In FIG. 1, arrow B indicates the direction of electron emission.

The vacuum container (140) includes an electronic extraction window (141). The vacuum container (140) including the electron extraction window (141) is grounded to prevent electric shock, and the vacuum container (140) includes a light source (111), a cathode (121), a rectifying electrode (122), and an accelerating electrode ( 131). The light source (111), the rectifying electrode (122), the accelerating electrode (131), and the electron extraction window (141) are arranged in the direction of the emission direction (B). ), and electronic extraction window (141).

A vacuum degassing device such as a turbo molecular pump may be separately connected to the vacuum container (141).

The vacuum degree of the vacuum container (141) is preferably 1×10 ⁻² Pa or less, more preferably 1×10 ⁻³ Pa, and even more preferably 1×10 ⁻⁴ Pa or less.

By applying a voltage (for example, several V) that makes the rectifying electrode (122) relatively positive with respect to the cathode (121) by the rectifying power supply (151), the electrons generated at the cathode (121) are rectified. It is pulled out to the electrode (122) side. Then, a high-voltage power source (152) such as a Cockcroft circuit generates a voltage at which the accelerating electrode (131) is on the positive side relative to the rectifying electrode (122) (for example, a high-voltage direct current of 50 kV to several hundred kV (less than 300 kV)). By applying a high voltage (voltage) to generate a high-voltage electrostatic field, the electrons extracted toward the rectifying electrode (122) are accelerated toward the rectifying electrode (122), and the electrons are transferred from the electron extraction window (141) to the vacuum vessel (140). ) is emitted to the outside. As a result, electrons are accelerated within the vacuum container (140), and the accelerated electrons are emitted from the electron extraction window (141) of the vacuum container (140).

Materials used for the electron extraction window (141), which is a partition that separates the vacuum from the atmosphere, include, for example, single metals, alloys, or multilayer metals and alloys, as well as metal oxides, germanium (Ge), and silicon ( Any thin film made of semiconductor such as Si) may be used, and titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), etc. are particularly preferred.

Further, the film thickness of the electron extraction window (141) is 50 μm or less, preferably 25 μm or less, more preferably 12.5 μm or less, and even more preferably 5 μm or less.

Note that a structure such as a honeycomb, a lattice, or a slit may be used as a support for the membrane, and may be combined with the window material of the electron extraction window.

-Effects of the first embodiment-
As described above, the electron source (120) and accelerator (130) are integrated. As a result, the emission device (1) can be made more compact. Note that the integration of the electron source (120) and the accelerator (130) means that the vacuum vessel ( At least a portion of the accelerator (130) is accommodated within the vacuum container (140), thereby indicating that electrons are accelerated within the vacuum container (140).

Further, the accelerator (130) includes an accelerating electrode (131) arranged on the electron emission direction (B) side with respect to the electron source (120). The vacuum container (140) houses the accelerating electrode (131). As a result, by housing the acceleration electrode (131) included in the accelerator (130) in the vacuum container (140), the emission device (1) can be made more compact.

In addition, by continuously applying high voltage DC voltage between the accelerating electrode (131) and the rectifying electrode (122), electrons are continuously emitted from the electron extraction window (141), so sterilization by electrons is possible. can be done effectively.

Furthermore, by continuously applying a high-voltage DC voltage between the accelerating electrode (131) and the rectifying electrode (122), electrons are continuously emitted from the electron extraction window (141). If a chemical reaction of an organic chemical substance can be carried out effectively, and if the organic chemical substance is a hazardous chemical substance or lethally toxic chemical substance to the human body, living organisms, or the environment, the chemical reaction will cause the chemical reaction to occur. By decomposing organic chemicals, their impact on the human body, living organisms, and the environment can be reduced or rendered harmless.

Furthermore, electrons are accelerated within the vacuum container (140) by the accelerator (130). This eliminates the need to accelerate electrons outside the vacuum container (140).

Further, a light source (111) is arranged within the vacuum container (140) and is arranged opposite to the cathode (121). As a result, when the cathode (121) is irradiated with light from the light source (111) to generate electrons from the cathode (121), the cathode ( 121), it is possible to suppress light loss (reduction in intensity). As a result, the conversion efficiency from light to electrons can be increased.

-Second embodiment-
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an emission device (14) that is a fourth example of the emission device (1).

As shown in FIG. 4, the emission device (14) is different from the emission device (11) of the first embodiment (see FIG. 1) in that the light source (111) is disposed outside the vacuum container (140). different. The vacuum container (140) includes a light entrance window (142). Light emitted from the light source (111) enters the inside of the vacuum container (140) through the light entrance window (142) and is irradiated onto the cathode (121). Of course, the light may be focused and irradiated onto the cathode (121) using an optical lens. As a result, electrons are generated at the cathode (121), and after being drawn toward the rectifying electrode (122), they are accelerated by the accelerating electrode (131) and passed through the electron extraction window (141) to the vacuum vessel (140). is emitted to the outside.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, in the emission device (15) which is the fifth example of the emission device (1), the light emitted from the light source (111) passes through the light entrance window (142) to the vacuum container (140). The cathode (121) may be irradiated with reflected light that enters the interior of the cathode (121) and hits the reflector (123). As a result, electrons are generated at the cathode (121), and after being drawn toward the rectifying electrode (122), they are accelerated by the accelerating electrode (131) and passed through the electron extraction window (141) to the vacuum vessel (140). is emitted to the outside.

The arrangement of the light source (111) outside the vacuum container (140) is not particularly limited, but it is possible that part or all of the side periphery of the vacuum container (140) or part or all of the periphery of the electronic extraction window (141) preferable.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the emission device (16) which is the sixth example of the emission device (1), a light source (111) is arranged outside behind the cathode (121) position inside the vacuum container (140). In this case, part or all of the area around the cathode (121) is used as a light entrance window (142), and light is irradiated onto a reflector (123) installed outside the space where electrons in the vacuum container (140) are accelerated. , the reflected light may be focused and irradiated onto the cathode (121).Furthermore, the reflected light may be irradiated onto a reflector arranged in a mesh shape in the space where electrons are accelerated, and the reflected light may be directed onto the cathode (121). The light may be irradiated so as to be focused on a surface. Note that the mesh-shaped reflector may also serve as a rectifying electrode (122) (see FIG. 3). Note that the member of the cathode (121) placement surface inside the vacuum container (140) itself may be made of an optical material that transmits ultraviolet rays, and may be used as the light extraction window (142).

When the cathode (121) is directly irradiated with light from the light source (111) installed at the rear of the vacuum container (140), the cathode material should be It is desirable to form the film with a thickness of 200 nm or less.

The material ^of the light entrance window (142) is not particularly limited, such as metal, non-metal, polymer, etc.; It is preferable to use a material that transmits 30% or more of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 250 nm or 40% or more of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 250 nm, such as quartz glass.

-Third embodiment-
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a purification device (21) that is a first example of the purification device (2). The purification device (2) purifies the air using electrons emitted from the emission device (1).

As shown in FIG. 7, the purification device (21) includes an emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6), a flow path (210), a filter (220), and a beam shield (230). .

As shown in FIG. 7, the flow path (210) is a tubular member in which a fluid flow path is formed. An example is air flowing. The flow path (210) includes an inlet section (211), an outlet section (212), a connecting section (213), and a supply area (214).

Each of the inlet section (211) and the outlet section (212) is an opening that communicates the inside and outside of the flow path (210). The inlet portion (211) is provided at the upstream end of the flow path (210). The outlet portion (212) is provided at the downstream end of the flow path (210).

The connecting portion (213) is an opening that is provided between the inlet portion (211) and the outlet portion (212) and communicates the inside and outside of the flow path (210). The emission device (1) is connected (coupled) to the flow path (210). The connecting portion (213) is connected to the electron extraction window (141) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) of the emission device (1). Electrons emitted from the electron extraction window (141) of the emission device (1) are supplied into the flow path (210) through the connection portion (213).

The flow path (210) is bent at the connection portion (213). The downstream side of the flow path (210) from the connection portion (213) extends toward the electron emission direction (B) (see FIGS. 1 to 6). Note that the shape of the flow path (210) is not particularly limited.

The supply region (214) is a region to which electrons emitted from the emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) are supplied. The supply area (214) indicates an area near the connection part (213) and is located around the connection part (213).

The supply area (214) is provided continuously with the emission device (1). Specifically, the supply region (214) is communicated with the inside of the vacuum container (140) via the connection portion (213) and the electron extraction window (141) (see FIGS. 1 to 6). Thereby, the electrons emitted from the electron extraction window (141) are configured to be supplied into the flow path (210) while suppressing contact with air outside the flow path (210). In the third embodiment, the position of the supply area (214) is fixed at a fixed position with respect to the emission device (1).

The width of the supply area (214) is set, for example, according to the flight distance of the electrons emitted from the emission device (1) within the flow path (210). The flight distance of electrons in the flow path (210) depends on the magnitude of the voltage applied between the rectifying electrode (122) and the accelerating electrode (131) (see Figures 1 to 6) by the accelerator (130). Determined accordingly. For example, when the voltage applied by the accelerator (130) is about 200 kV, the electrons from the emission device (1) are emitted in the emission direction (B) in air (1 atm, 20°C) with a density of 0.0012046 g/ ^cm3 . (See Figures 1 to 6) and fly about 36 cm from the connection part (213). In this case, in the flow path (210), an area located within about 30 cm from the connection part (213) toward the emission direction (B) is set as the supply area (214).

Electrons generated by the electron source (120) (see Figures 1 to 6) inside the vacuum vessel (140) are accelerated within the vacuum vessel (140) by the accelerator (130), but are not accelerated outside the vacuum vessel (140). It is supplied to the supply area (214) without being accelerated.

The filter (220) is a member for capturing particulates in the air flowing through the flow path (210). Fine particles include, for example, harmful substances (substances on the order of several nm to several μm) such as bacteria and viruses. The filter (220) is, for example, a porous member made of ceramic or a porous member made of carbon. A filter (220) is located within the dispensing area (214).

The beam shield (230) is made of, for example, a member made of carbon such as graphite, a member made of fiber-reinforced plastic, a member made of metal such as lead (Pb) or tungsten (W), or a polymer made of these metal powders. It is preferably an integrally molded composite member, a stainless steel alloy, or a ceramic member, and a carbon member such as graphite, which has a high blocking ability against electrons. The beam shield (230) is provided at the edge of the flow path (210), and is installed toward the downstream side of the flow path (210) from the connection portion (213). When using a carbon member such as graphite for the beam shield (230), it is preferably installed at the inner edge of the flow path (210) from the viewpoint of electron blocking ability. The beam shield (230) suppresses leakage of electrons and brake X-rays from the channel (210). The beam shield (230) may also serve as the flow path (210).

The material of the connection part (213) and the flow path (210) near the supply area (214) is preferably stainless steel, SUS314, 304, etc. in order to prevent corrosion by ozone generated by the reaction between air and electrons.

-Operation of purification device (21)-
Air outside the flow path (210) flows into the flow path (210) from the inlet portion (211) and flows within the flow path (210). When the air flows through the supply area (214) within the channel (210), purification processing is performed, thereby rendering harmful substances such as bacteria and viruses in the air harmless, thereby purifying the air. The purified air is emitted from the outlet (212) to the outside of the flow path (210).

The purification process performed in the supply area (214) will be explained. The purification process refers to a process of emitting electrons from the emission device (1).

Harmful substances in the air are directly rendered harmless by the electrons emitted from the emission device (1). Specifically, the harmful substances captured by the filter (220) are irradiated with electrons emitted from the emission device (1), thereby rendering the harmful substances harmless. As a result, the electrons emitted from the emission device (1) indirectly come into contact with various items existing in the space, or adhere to aerosols in the space, causing bacteria, viruses, and harmful chemicals to be ingested by humans. Substances, etc. can be rendered harmless. As a result, diseases can be effectively prevented and an environment where evacuees can live safely and securely can be provided.

In addition, harmful substances in the air are indirectly rendered harmless by the electrons emitted from the emission device (1). Specifically, ozone is generated when the electrons emitted from the emission device (1) hit the air, and the harmful substances captured by the filter (220) are rendered harmless by the ozone.

-Effects of the third embodiment-
As described above, by providing the supply region (214) and the emission device (1) continuously, the supply region (214) and the emission device (1) are integrated. As a result, even if a relatively low voltage such as less than 300 kV is applied between the electron source (120) (rectifying electrode (122)) and accelerating electrode (131) shown in FIGS. , electrons can be effectively supplied to the supply region (214), bacteria in the air can be effectively rendered harmless by the electrons, and furthermore, the power consumption of the emission device (1) can be reduced.

-Fourth embodiment-
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a purification device (22) that is a second example of the purification device (2).

As shown in FIG. 8, the purification device (22) includes an emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6), a flow path (210), a filter (220), a beam shield (230), and a supply (240).

The supply section (240) is connected to the supply region (214) and supplies water vapor to the supply region (214). The supply unit (240) includes, for example, a heater and a container that stores water, and generates water vapor by heating the water with the heater.

The purification device (22) supplies water vapor to the supply region (214) when the emission device (1) performs the purification process (when the emission device (1) emits electrons to the supply region (214)). . This indirectly renders harmful substances in the air harmless. Specifically, electrons emitted from the emission device (1) hit water vapor supplied from the supply section (240) to generate hydroxyl radicals, and the hydroxyl radicals remove harmful substances captured by the filter (220). rendered harmless.

-Fifth embodiment-
A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a purification device (23) that is a third example of the purification device (2).

As shown in FIG. 9, the purification device (22) includes an emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6), a flow path (210), a filter (220), a beam shield (230), and a beam shield (230). The first detection section (251), the second detection section (252), the storage section (260), the control section (270), the return path (281), the first valve (282), and the second valve ( 283).

Each of the first detection unit (251) and the second detection unit (252) is, for example, a micropore detector, a particle counter, a UV/UV-VIS detector, a diode array detector, a fluorescence detector, an IR detector, etc. or a combination thereof. The first detection unit (251) detects harmful substances (objects) in the air flowing upstream of the supply region (214) in the flow path (210). The second detection unit (252) detects harmful substances in the air flowing downstream of the supply region (214) in the flow path (210). Objects to be detected by the detection unit (251, 252) include objects in which chemical reactions are induced by electrons.

The storage unit (260) includes a main storage device (e.g., semiconductor memory) such as flash memory, ROM (Read Only Memory), and RAM (Random Access Memory), and an auxiliary storage device (e.g., hard disk drive). , an SSD (Solid State Drive), an SD (Secure Digital) memory card, or a USB (Universal Seral Bus) flash memory). The storage unit (260) stores various computer programs executed by the control unit (270).

The control unit (270) includes a processor such as a CPU and an MPU. The control unit (270) controls each component of the purification device (2) by executing a computer program stored in the storage unit (260).

The return path (281) is a tubular member. The return path (281) returns air flowing downstream of the supply area (214) to the upstream side of the supply area (214). One end (281a) of the return path (281) is communicated with a region located downstream of the detection region of the second detection section (252) within the flow path (210). The other end (281b) of the return path (281) communicates with a region located upstream of the detection region of the first detection section (251) within the flow path (210).

The first valve (282) is installed in a region (Z) located downstream of one end (281a) of the return path (281) in the flow path (210), and is located in a region (Z) in the flow path (210). ) to open and close. The second valve (283) is installed in the return path (281) and opens and closes the return path (281).

-Operation of purification device (23)-
An example of the operation of the purifying device (23) will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 10 is a flow diagram showing an example of the operation of the purification device (23).

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in step S1, the control unit (270) determines whether or not the first detection unit (251) detects a harmful substance. When the control unit (270) determines that the first detection unit (251) has detected a harmful substance (Yes in step S1), the process moves to step S4. When the control unit (270) determines that no harmful substance has been detected by the first detection unit (251) (No in step S1), the process moves to step S2.

In step S2, the control unit (270) controls the emission device (1) so that the emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) stops. Stopping the emission device (1) indicates that the emission device (1) does not perform a process of emitting electrons. Note that if the emission device (1) is already in a stopped state, this state is continued.

At this time, a valve opening/closing section linked to the control section (270) is provided downstream of the first detection section (251) and downstream of the outlet section (212) of the flow path (210), so that the injection device (1) is not passed through. A bypass flow path may be provided.

In step S3, the control unit (270) controls the first valve (282) and the second valve (283) so that the first valve (282) is in the open state and the second valve (283) is in the closed state. ). Note that if the first valve (282) is already in the open state and the second valve (283) is in the closed state, this state will continue.

With the first valve (282) in the open state and the second valve (283) in the closed state, the air in the flow path (210) is not returned by the return path (281) and flows. (210) and is discharged from the outlet (212).

When the process shown in step S3 ends, the process moves to step S1.

In step S4, the control unit (270) controls the emission device (1) so that the emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) operates. The operation of the emission device (1) indicates that the emission device (1) performs a process (purification process) of emitting electrons to the supply region (214). Note that if the emission device (1) is already in an operating state, this state is continued.

In step S5, the control unit (270) determines whether the second detection unit (252) detects a harmful substance. When the control unit (270) determines that the second detection unit (252) has detected a harmful substance (Yes in step S5), the process moves to step S6. If the control unit (270) determines that the second detection unit (252) has not detected a harmful substance (No in step S5), the process moves to step S6.

In step S6, the control unit (270) controls the first valve (282) and the second valve (283) so that the first valve (282) is in the closed state and the second valve (283) is in the open state. ). Note that if the first valve (282) is already in the closed state and the second valve (283) is in the open state, this state will continue.

Since the first valve (282) is in the closed state and the second valve (283) is in the open state, the air in the flow path (210) is not released from the outlet part (212). It is returned upstream of the supply area (214) by a return path (281). As a result, air is circulated through the supply area (214) until no harmful substances are detected by the first detection unit (251) or the second detection unit (252), and the air is emitted by electrons from the emission device (1). The purification process is repeated. Then, when the first detection unit (251) or the second detection unit (252) detects no harmful substances (No in step S1 or No in step S5), the process proceeds to step S3, and after the purification Air is released from the outlet (212).

-Modified example of the fifth embodiment-
A modification of the purifying device (23) of the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10.

A modification of the purification device (23) has a configuration in which a supply section (240) shown in FIG. 8 is added to the purification device (23) shown in FIG. 9.

-Operation of modified example of purification device (23)-
Regarding the operation of the modified example of the purification device (23), points different from the operation of the purification device (23) shown in FIG. 10 will be explained.

In the modification of the purification device (23), in step S2 shown in FIG. 10, not only the emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) is stopped, but also the supply section (240) is stopped. Stopping the supply unit (240) indicates that the supply unit (240) does not perform the process of supplying water vapor to the supply area (214).

Furthermore, in the modified example of the purification device (23), in step S4 shown in FIG. 10, not only the emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) is operated, but also the supply section (240) is operated. . The supply unit (240) being operated indicates that the supply unit (240) performs a process of supplying water vapor to the supply area (214). As a result, direct sterilization using electrons and indirect sterilization using ozone and hydroxyl radicals can be performed in the supply region (214).

In addition, water is directly sprayed from the supply unit (240) onto the surface of the filter (220) installed in the supply area (214), and the water is heated by beam heating by electrons from the emission device (1) (see Figures 1 to 6). Water vapor may be supplied by vaporizing.

-Sixth embodiment-
A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 11. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a purification device (24) that is a fourth example of the purification device (2).

As shown in FIG. 11, the purification device (24) includes an emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6), a flow path (210), a filter (220), and a beam stopper (290). .

In the purification device (24), the flow path (210) is formed in a straight line and extends in a direction perpendicular to the electron emission direction (B) (see FIGS. 1 to 6).

The beam stopper (290) is, for example, a member made of carbon. The beam stopper (290) is arranged to face the emission device (1) via the flow path (210). A supply region (214) exists between the beam stopper (290) and the emission device (1). The beam stopper (290) suppresses leakage of electrons from the channel (210).

The filter (220) is rotatably supported within the flow path (210). This allows the rotation angle of the filter (220) to be adjusted to an angle that allows the filter (220) to effectively capture harmful substances. For example, if the concentration of harmful substances is low, by adjusting the rotation angle of the filter (220) at a 45 degree angle to completely block the flow path, the harmful substances can be captured by the filter (220), and the emission device ( 1) It is possible to effectively purify harmful substances using electrons from (see Figures 1 to 6).

Further, the rotation angle of the filter (220) may be changed in conjunction with the detection result of the first detection unit (251). For example, if the control unit (270) determines that no harmful substance has been detected by the first detection unit (251) (No in step S1 in FIG. 10), the process moves to step S2. In step S2, the control unit (270) controls the emission device (1) so that the emission device (1) stops. Stopping the emission device (1) indicates that the emission device (1) does not perform a process of emitting electrons. At this time, the rotation angle of the filter (220) may be controlled to be horizontal to the flow path so that the air flow is not loaded by the filter (220).

-Seventh embodiment-
A seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 12. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a purification device (25) that is a fifth example of the purification device (2).

As shown in FIG. 12, the purification device (24) includes an emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6), a flow path (210), and a beam stopper (290).

The flow path (210) is formed in a straight line. A constricted portion (215) that reduces the area of the flow path is formed in the middle of the flow path (210). The emission device (1) and the beam stopper (290) are arranged to face each other with a diaphragm (215) interposed therebetween. A supply region (214) exists in a region of the diaphragm (215) located between the emission device (1) and the beam stopper (290).

-Eighth embodiment-
An eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 13. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioner (3). The air conditioner (3) performs air conditioning processing to adjust indoor temperature, humidity, etc., and also performs purification processing of the air exhausted from the air conditioner using a purification device (2).

As shown in FIG. 13, the air conditioner (3) includes a purifier (2), a housing (310), a blower system (321,322,333), a filter (331,332,333,334), and a detection unit (341,342). .

The housing (310) houses the purification device (2), the ventilation system (321, 322, 333), the filter (331, 332, 333, 334), and the detection unit (341, 342).

The ventilation system (321, 322, 333) sucks air (outside air) into the casing (310) from the outside air intake port (X1) and discharges the sucked air into the room from the exhaust port (X3), as shown by arrow R1. Perform processing. In addition, the ventilation system (321, 322, 333) sucks indoor air into the housing (310) from the circulation intake port (X2) and discharges the drawn air indoors from the exhaust port (X3), as shown by arrow R2. Perform the processing to do. The ventilation system (321, 322, 333) includes, for example, a fan, a motor that rotates the fan, a temperature sensor, a control device that controls rotation of the fan based on the detection result of the temperature sensor, and the like.

The filter (331) includes a pre-filter, a HEPA filter, a ULPA filter, an activated carbon filter, and the like. The filter (332) includes a HEPA filter and a ULPA filter. Note that the filter (332) may not be provided. The filter (333) includes an ozone filter. The filter (333), which is an ozone filter, removes ozone generated when electrons hit the air during purification processing by the purification device (2). The filter (334) includes a pre-filter, a HEPA filter, and the like. The detection unit (341, 342) includes, for example, a part or a combination of a micropore detector, a particle counter, a UV/UV-VIS detector, a diode array detector, a fluorescence detector, an IR detector, etc. Detects harmful substances.

As shown by arrow R1, air sucked into the casing (310) from the outside air intake port (X1) passes through the filter (331), the detection unit (341), the filter (332), the purifier (2), and the filter. (333) and the detection section (342), it is discharged into the room from the exhaust port (X3). As shown by arrow R2, the air sucked into the housing (310) from the circulation intake port (X2) passes through the filter (334), the detection unit (341), the filter (332), the purifier (2), and the filter. (333) and the detection section (342), it is discharged into the room from the exhaust port (X3).

Note that it is not necessary that air flows in both arrows R1 and R2 occur within the casing (310), and it is sufficient that at least one of the air flows in arrow R1 and arrow R2 occurs.

Air conditioners (3) can be installed for air conditioning to maintain an antibacterial and antiviral environment in operating rooms, intensive care units (ICUs), high care units (HCUs), infectious hospital beds, ambulances, etc. can. Furthermore, it can be installed for air conditioning to prevent diseases in living environments in facilities that serve as evacuation centers in the event of large-scale disasters, such as gymnasiums and community centers. Furthermore, air conditioners (3) are useful for creating antibacterial and highly virus-free environments in temporary rescue tents and the like used for medical activities in conflict areas.

Air conditioners (3) are installed in movable space equipment such as automobiles, passenger trains, ships, and aircraft that have airtight or closable spaces, as well as in large gathering places such as concert halls and live performance venues. By installing it in public spaces such as exhibition halls, airports, and port facilities, it is possible to purify air contaminated with harmful chemicals such as the carcinogenic formaldehyde and droplets containing viruses. In addition, the air conditioner (3) is used in cases where air is contaminated with various bacteria and viruses such as anthrax due to the spraying of nerve gases such as sarin and phosgene in the event of terrorist acts, or due to bioterrorism using biological weapons. It is possible to purify and detoxify. In particular, in order to improve the speed of air purification processing, a plurality of emission devices (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) may be arranged in parallel or in series and operated. Furthermore, we have expanded the output device (1 revised) by connecting an accelerating tube separately to the output device (1) (see Figures 1 to 6) and increasing the acceleration voltage to 300 kV or more, as well as the conventional thermionic The air purification processing speed may be improved by using an air conditioner (3) equipped with a gun-type electrostatic accelerator or a high-frequency accelerator instead of the emission device (1).

-Operation of purification device (2)-
The operation of the purifier (2) when air flows into the housing (310) along arrow R1 and/or arrow R2 will be described.

When a harmful substance is detected by the detection unit (341), the emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) included in the purification device (2) performs a process of emitting electrons. As a result, harmful substances are rendered harmless by electrons. Moreover, when no harmful substances are detected by the detection unit (341), the process of emitting electrons by the emission device (1) is not performed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the emission device (1) from operating unnecessarily.

When a hazardous substance is detected by the detection unit (342), the air flowing through the detection unit (342) is returned to the installation location of the purification device (2), as shown by arrow R3, and further, the returned air is Then, electrons are emitted from the emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) included in the purification device (2). As a result, harmful substances can be rendered harmless by electrons, and furthermore, air containing harmful substances can be prevented from being returned indoors. Further, if the detection section (342) does not detect any harmful substances, the air flowing through the detection section (342) is discharged into the room from the exhaust port (X3). As a result, clean air can be returned indoors.

-Ninth embodiment-
A ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 14. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the vacuum cleaner (4). In addition to dust collection, the vacuum cleaner (4) uses a purification device (2) to purify the air exhausted from the vacuum cleaner.

As shown in FIG. 14, the vacuum cleaner (4) includes a purification device (2), a housing (410), an intake/exhaust system (420), a filter (431, 432), and a detection unit (440). .

The housing (410) houses the purifier (2), the intake/exhaust system (420), the filter (431, 432), and the detection unit (440).

The detection unit (440) does not need to be mounted inside the housing (410).

The intake/exhaust system (420) sucks air into the casing (410) from the circulation intake port (Y1), as shown by arrow R3, and sends the sucked air to the exhaust port (Y2) and a blowing exhaust for aerosol floating. Perform the process of discharging from the mouth (Y3). The intake/exhaust system (420) includes, for example, a fan, a motor that rotates the fan, a control device that controls rotation of the fan, and the like.

The filter (431) includes a pre-filter, a HEPA filter, and the like. The filter (432) includes an ozone filter. The detection unit (440) includes, for example, a part or a combination of a micropore detector, a particle counter, a UV/UV-VIS detector, a diode array detector, a fluorescence detector, an IR detector, etc. Detects harmful substances.

As shown by arrow R3, the air sucked into the housing (410) from the circulation intake port (Y1) passes through the filter (431), the purifier (2), and the filter (432), and then exits to the exhaust port. (Y2) and the air outlet for aerosol suspension (Y3). In addition, the air taken into the housing (410) is detected by the detection unit (440) for the presence or absence of harmful substances after passing through the filter (431) and before reaching the purification device (2). Ru.

The vacuum cleaner (4) removes various types of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, their deposits, and viruses that accumulate on the floors of hospital operating rooms, intensive care units (ICUs), high care units (HCUs), and infected hospital beds. It can collect and purify aerosols, dust, etc., and create a harmless environment.

In addition, when cleaning floors, walls, various equipment structures, etc. that have been contaminated with various hazardous chemical substances that have leaked out due to accidents or disasters at industrial chemical plants, etc., the hazardous substances are collected and the purification device (2) is used. It is possible to use it to purify the air exhausted from the aircraft itself.

Furthermore, in the unlikely event that nerve agents such as sarin or phosgene are sprayed due to acts of terrorism, or bioterrorism using biological weapons, etc., the floors and walls of facilities may be contaminated with various bacteria and viruses such as anthrax. When cleaning equipment structures, etc., it is possible to collect the harmful substances and purify the air discharged from the equipment using the purification device (2).

By installing the vacuum cleaner (4) on a portable vehicle (self-propelled vehicle, towed vehicle, etc.), it can be used to clean and detoxify a wide area where various bacteria and viruses have adhered due to chemical terrorism, bioterrorism, etc. Purification treatment can also be performed. In particular, in order to improve the purification processing speed, a plurality of emission devices (1) may be arranged in parallel or in series and operated. Furthermore, we have expanded the output device (1A) (see Figure 15), which is larger by connecting an accelerating tube separately to the output device (1) (see Figures 1 to 6) and increasing the acceleration voltage to 300kV or higher, and the conventional 300kV The purification processing speed may be improved by using a vacuum cleaner (4) equipped with the above-mentioned thermionic gun type electrostatic accelerator or high-frequency accelerator instead of the emission device (1). As shown in FIG. 15, the emission device (1A) includes an electron gun (161) and an acceleration tube (162). The electron gun (161) is provided with a cathode (121) and a rectifying electrode (122). The inside of the electron gun (161) and the inside of the acceleration tube (162) are connected in a vacuum state. Electrons generated at the cathode (121) are emitted from the inside of the electron gun (161) to the inside of the acceleration tube (162). The acceleration tube (162) forms an electrostatic field using, for example, a Cockcroft circuit, and is capable of accelerating electrons up to a maximum of 5 MV. When a high-frequency electric field is formed in the acceleration tube (162), electron acceleration of several GV class is possible. Note that a plurality of acceleration tubes (162) may be connected along the electron emission direction, and electrons may be high-frequency accelerated in multiple stages within the plurality of acceleration tubes (162).

-Operation of purification device (2)-
The operation of the purifier (2) when air flows into the housing (410) along arrow R3 will be described.

When a harmful substance is detected by the detection unit (440), electrons are emitted from the emission device (1) (see FIGS. 1 to 6) included in the purification device (2). Further, if no harmful substances are detected by the detection unit (441), no electrons are emitted from the emission device (1).

If the detection unit (440) is not installed, it will operate by manual switching, and if the emission device (1) (see Figures 1 to 6) included in the purification device (2) is in operation, electrons will not be emitted. Ru.

Although the embodiments and modifications have been described above, it will be understood that various changes in form and details can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims (for example, (1) ～(5)). Furthermore, the above embodiments and modifications may be combined or replaced as appropriate, as long as the functionality of the object of the present disclosure is not impaired.

(1) Each of the purification device (24) shown in FIG. 11 and the purification device (25) shown in FIG. 12 has a supply section (240) (see FIG. 8) like the purification device (22) shown in FIG. It may further include.

(2) Each of the purification device (24) shown in FIG. 11 and the purification device (25) shown in FIG. The present invention may further include a second detection section (252), a storage section (260), a control section (270), a return path (281), a first valve (282), and a second valve (283). good.

(3) With reference to FIG. 16, a purification device (26), which is a sixth example of the purification device (2), will be described. As shown in FIG. 16, the purification device (26) includes an emission device (1), an irradiation chamber (26a) that communicates with the emission device (1), and a first passageway (26b) that communicates with the irradiation chamber (26a). , a second passageway (26c) communicating with the irradiation chamber (26a), a third passageway (26d) communicating with the irradiation chamber (26a), and a fourth passageway (26e) communicating with the third passageway (26d). , a fifth passage (26f) that communicates with the fourth passage (26e) and the irradiation chamber (26a), a sixth passage (26g) that communicates with the irradiation chamber (26a), and a valve that opens and closes the second passage (26c). (26h), a valve (26i) that switches the outflow destination of water flowing through the third passage (26d) to either the fourth passage (26e) or the fifth passage (26f), and the irradiation chamber (26a). ), a pump (26j) that sends the water in the third passage (26d), a detection unit (26k) (micropore detector, etc.) that detects harmful substances in the water flowing through the third passage (26d), and a sixth Includes a filter (26l) (ozone filter, etc.) installed in the passage (26g). In the third passageway (26d), the order in which the pump (26j) and the detection section (26k) are installed is not particularly limited.

As shown in FIG. 16, water flowing through the second passage (26c) is supplied to the irradiation chamber (26a). The amount of water supplied to the irradiation chamber (26a) is controlled by the valve (26h) in accordance with the change in the water level in the irradiation chamber (26a) due to evaporation of the water in the irradiation chamber (26a). The water in the irradiation chamber (26a) functions as a stopper (beam stopper) for electrons emitted from the emission device (1) into the irradiation chamber (26a). Contaminated air flowing through the first passage (26b) is supplied to the irradiation chamber (26a). The contaminated air is released into the water in the irradiation chamber (26a) in a bubbling state. The water in the irradiation chamber (26a) is stirred by bubbling. By stirring, some of the pollutants in the contaminated air are dissolved in water, thereby removing some of the pollutants from the polluted air. In the irradiation chamber (26a), humidified air generated by evaporation of water is irradiated with electrons from the emission device (1), thereby sterilizing the humidified air and/or sterilizing the humidified air. Harmful substances are rendered harmless. The purified humidified air is exhausted to the outside of the device through the sixth passage (26g). Beam heating by electron irradiation from the emission device (1) promotes evaporation of water in the irradiation chamber (26a). In the irradiation chamber (26a), harmful substances dissolved in the water are also irradiated with electrons from the emission device (1), thereby sterilizing the water in the irradiation chamber (26a) and/or sterilizing the water in the water. of harmful substances are rendered harmless. The purified water is discharged out of the device through the third passage (26d) and the fourth passage (26e). When the detection unit (26k) detects information indicating that water purification is insufficient, the water is returned into the irradiation chamber (26a) through the fifth passage (26f).

(4) With reference to FIG. 17, a purification device (27), which is a seventh example of the purification device (2), will be described. In the purifier (26) of the sixth example (see FIG. 16), contaminated air is supplied to the irradiation chamber (26a) through the first passage (26b) and purified, whereas the purifier of the seventh example (27) differs in that the contaminated water is supplied to the irradiation chamber (26a) through the second passage (26c) and is purified. Below, the differences from the purifying device (26) of the sixth example will be mainly explained.

As shown in FIG. 17, contaminated water flowing through the second passage (26c) is supplied to the irradiation chamber (26a). Air flowing through the first passage (26b) is supplied to the irradiation chamber (26a). Air is released in a bubbling state into the contaminated water in the irradiation chamber (26a). By stirring the contaminated water in the irradiation chamber (26a) by bubbling, vaporization of harmful substances in the contaminated water is promoted. In the irradiation chamber (26a), the contaminated water is irradiated with electrons from the emission device (1), thereby sterilizing the contaminated water and/or rendering harmful substances in the contaminated water harmless. Harmful substances are rendered harmless by being decomposed or reacting with hydroxyl radicals to become oxidized compounds. Beam heating by electrons from the emission device (1) accelerates the evaporation of contaminated water and supplies water vapor, and when the electrons hit the water vapor, hydroxyl radicals are generated, and harmful substances such as bacteria are rendered harmless by the hydroxyl radicals. be done. If the harmful substances in contaminated water can be estimated, the decomposition of the harmful substances may be promoted by controlling the pH of the contaminated water to render the harmful substances harmless, or a chemical substance that reacts with the harmful substances may be introduced into the contaminated water. The decomposition of harmful substances may be promoted to render them harmless. For example, if the harmful substance is PFCA, the harmful substance in the contaminated water can be decomposed and rendered harmless by controlling the pH of the contaminated water so that it becomes alkaline.

(5) With reference to FIG. 18, a purification device (28), which is an eighth example of the purification device (2), will be described. In the purification device (27) of the seventh example (see Fig. 17), contaminated water is purified in the irradiation chamber (26a), whereas in the purification device (28) of the eighth example, the contaminated water is purified inside the irradiation chamber (26a) and irradiated. The difference is that harmful substances are purified outside the room (26a). Below, the differences from the purifying device (27) of the seventh example will be mainly explained.

As shown in FIG. 18, the purification device (28) opens and closes a seventh passage (26m) that communicates with the fifth passage (26f) and a communication portion between the fifth passage (26f) and the seventh passage (26m). an eighth passage (26p) communicating with the irradiation chamber (26a), a ninth passage (26q) communicating with the irradiation chamber (26a), an eighth passage (26p) and a ninth passage (26p) communicating with the irradiation chamber (26a); 26q), a pump (26s) provided in the eighth passage (26p), and a pump (26t) provided in the ninth passage (26q). Harmful substances (contaminants) such as bacteria are supplied to the injection region (26r). A cover is provided in the injection region (26r) to isolate it from the outside.

When replenishing water into the irradiation chamber (26a), the valve (26n) connects the fifth passage (26f) and the seventh passage (26m). Thereby, water flowing through the seventh passage (26m) is supplied into the irradiation chamber (26a) through the fifth passage (26f).

When stopping the replenishment of water into the irradiation chamber (26a), the valve (26n) blocks communication between the fifth passage (26f) and the seventh passage (26m).

In the irradiation chamber (26a), ozone is generated when the electrons emitted from the emission device (1) hit the air, and hydroxyl radicals are generated when the electrons hit water vapor. The products (ozone and/or hydroxyl radicals) generated in the irradiation chamber (26a) are sucked into the eighth passage (26p) by the pump (26s) and sent to the injection region (26r) through the eighth passage (26p). ). The generated substance injected into the injection region (26r) is prevented from scattering to the outside by a cover provided in the injection region (26r).

Harmful substances in the injection region (26r) are rendered harmless by the generated substances injected from the eighth passage (26p) to the injection region (26r). Among the harmful substances in the injection region (26r), those that have escaped being rendered harmless by the generated substances are sucked into the ninth passage (26q) by the pump (26t), and are sent through the ninth passage (26q). It is sent into the irradiation chamber (26a). Harmful substances (contaminated air) sent from the ninth passage (26q) into the irradiation chamber (26a) are released in a bubbling state into the water within the irradiation chamber (26a). The water in the irradiation chamber (26a) is stirred by bubbling. Stirring causes some of the harmful substances to dissolve in the water. In the irradiation chamber (26a), humidified air (water vapor) generated by evaporation of water is irradiated with electrons from the emission device (1), thereby sterilizing and/or humidifying the humidified air. Harmful substances in the air are rendered harmless. In the irradiation chamber (26a), harmful substances dissolved in the water are also irradiated with electrons from the emission device (1), thereby sterilizing the water in the irradiation chamber (26a) and/or sterilizing the water in the water. of harmful substances are rendered harmless. As a result, the harmful substances can be effectively rendered harmless by performing the process for rendering them harmless in stages in both the injection region (26r) and the irradiation chamber (26a).

As described above, the present disclosure is useful for emission devices, purification devices, and air conditioners.

1, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 Exit device
2, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Purification equipment
3 Air conditioner
4 Vacuum cleaner
120 Electron source
121 Cathode
130 Accelerator
131 Accelerating electrode
141 Electronic extraction window
210 Flow path
214 Supply area
220 filter
240 Supply section
251 1st detection part
252 Second detection part
B Output direction

Claims (13)

an electron source (120) that emits electrons;
an accelerator (130) that accelerates the electrons;
An emission device characterized in that the electron source (120) and the accelerator (130) are integrated. In claim 1,
further comprising a vacuum container (140) accommodating the electron source (120),
An extraction device characterized in that the vacuum container (140) further accommodates at least a portion of the accelerator (130). In claim 2,
The accelerator (130) includes an electrode (131) arranged on the electron emission direction (B) side with respect to the electron source (120),
An emission device characterized in that the vacuum container (140) accommodates the electrode (131). In claim 3,
An emission device characterized in that a voltage of less than 300 kV is applied between the electron source (120) and the electrode (131). In claim 3 or claim 4,
The electron source (120) includes a cathode (121),
An emission device characterized in that a high-voltage DC voltage is applied between the electron source (120) and the electrode (131). In any one of claims 2 to 5,
The vacuum container (140) includes an electron extraction window (141) that takes out the electrons accelerated by the accelerator (130),
An emission device characterized in that the electrons are continuously emitted from the electron extraction window (141). In any one of claims 2 to 6,
An emission device characterized in that the accelerator (130) accelerates the electrons within the vacuum container (140). A purification device comprising the emission device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7. In claim 8,
comprising a fluid flow path (210);
A supply region (214) to which the electrons emitted from the emission device (1) are supplied is provided in the flow path (210),
A purification device characterized in that the emission device (1) and the supply area (214) are integrated. In claim 9,
A purification device further comprising a filter (220) disposed in the supply area (214). In claim 9 or claim 10,
A purification device further comprising a supply section (240) that supplies water vapor to the supply region (214). In any one of claims 8 to 11,
further comprising a detection unit (251, 252) that detects an object to be sterilized by the electrons,
A purification device characterized in that the emission device (1) operates based on the detection result of the detection section (251, 252). An air conditioner comprising the purifying device (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 12.