JP2023135282A - Laser/arc hybrid welding device - Google Patents

Abstract

To secure a weld penetration depth in a portion to be bonded while removing a surface film in the portion to be bonded.SOLUTION: A laser/arc hybrid welding device 1 includes at least one laser torch 40 and a welding torch 10. The laser torch 40 emits first laser 51 and second laser 52 to a portion to be bonded 3. The welding torch 10 generates an arc 25 in between the welding torch 10 and the portion to be bonded 3 to weld the portion to be bonded 3. A width W1 of an irradiation region 71 of the first laser 51 in a direction orthogonal to a welding traveling direction is larger than a width W2 of an irradiation region 72 of the second laser 52. After the first laser 51 is emitted to the portion to be bonded 3 and the surface film is removed, the portion to be bonded 3 is welded by generating the arc 25 in between the welding torch 10 and the portion to be bonded 3 while emitting the second laser 52 to the portion to be bonded 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a laser-arc hybrid welding device.

As a prior art document disclosing a laser irradiation arc welding method, there is JP-A No. 2004-298903 (Patent Document 1). In the laser irradiation arc welding method described in Patent Document 1, consumable electrode gas shield arc welding is performed by irradiating a laser to a portion of a workpiece to be welded. The object to be welded is a joint formed from a galvanized steel plate and an unplated steel plate. A laser is irradiated to evaporate the zinc plating on the galvanized steel sheet.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-298903

In the laser irradiation arc welding method described in Patent Document 1, the laser irradiation shape is point-shaped, and the irradiation range is secured by defocusing. Therefore, when a deep penetration is required, a high output laser oscillator is required, leading to an increase in equipment cost.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a laser-arc hybrid welding device that can secure the penetration depth of the welded parts while removing the surface coating of the welded parts. The purpose is to provide

A laser-arc hybrid welding device according to the invention includes at least one laser torch and a welding torch. The laser torch irradiates the part to be joined with a first laser beam and a second laser beam. The welding torch generates an arc between the welding torch and the welding parts to weld the welding parts. The width of the irradiation area of the first laser in the direction perpendicular to the welding progress direction is wider than the width of the irradiation area of the second laser. After removing the surface coating by irradiating the parts to be joined with the first laser, the parts to be joined are welded by generating an arc between the parts and the parts to be joined while irradiating the parts with the second laser.

In this case, the penetration depth of the welded parts can be ensured by performing arc welding and laser welding the welded parts using the second laser while removing the surface coating of the welded parts using the first laser.

In one form of the invention, the power of the first laser is lower than the power of the second laser.

As a result, the output of the first laser is set to an output suitable for removing the surface coating of the part to be welded, and the surface coating is removed, while the output of the second laser is made higher than that of the first laser to increase the penetration depth of the part to be welded. can be made easier to secure.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the width of the irradiation area of the first laser in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction is 0.5 times or more and twice or less the width of the welded portion.

Thereby, the surface coating of the part to be joined can be removed by setting the first laser beam to an appropriate width.

In one form of the present invention, when welding the parts to be joined, the irradiation position of the first laser, the irradiation position of the second laser, and the generation position of the arc are arranged in this order in the welding progress direction.

In this case, by irradiating the second laser prior to arc welding, it is possible to stabilize the arc welding while melting the welded parts and ensuring the penetration depth.

In one form of the present invention, each of the first laser and the second laser is irradiated from one laser torch toward the part to be joined.

Thereby, since the first laser and the second laser can be configured with one laser torch, equipment costs can be suppressed.

According to the present invention, the penetration depth of the welded parts can be ensured while removing the surface coating of the welded parts.

1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a laser irradiation part of a laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view showing a state in which base metals are welded by the laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a joined state of base metals welded by the laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a top view showing a state in which base metals are welded by the laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram showing the composition of the laser torch concerning the laser-arc hybrid welding device concerning Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Laser-arc hybrid welding apparatuses according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the embodiments, the same or corresponding parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

In the drawings, the welding direction is the DR1 direction, and the direction perpendicular to the welding direction and parallel to the base metal surface is the DR2 direction.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a welding torch 10, a welding power supply device 30, a laser torch 40, and a laser oscillation device 60.

The laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 is used for joining metals together. By the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1, one and the other of the base materials 2 to be joined to each other are joined at the welded portion 3 by a butt weld joint, a lap fillet weld joint, or the like.

The base material 2 is made of, for example, a galvanized steel plate. Note that the base material 2 is not limited to a galvanized steel plate, and may be made of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, or an alloy thereof.

Welding torch 10 and welding power supply device 30 are devices for performing arc welding. Welding torch 10 supplies welding wire 20 and shielding gas (not shown) toward base material 2 . The welding torch 10 generates an arc 25 between the welding torch 10 and the welding portion 3 to weld the welding portion 3 . Specifically, the welding torch 10 receives welding current from the welding power supply device 30, generates an arc 25 between the tip of the welding wire 20 and the base metal 2, and emits argon gas toward the base metal 2. Alternatively, the parts 3 to be joined are welded by supplying a shielding gas such as carbon dioxide gas.

Welding power supply device 30 generates a welding voltage and welding current for performing arc welding, and outputs the generated welding voltage and welding current to welding torch 10. Further, the welding power supply device 30 controls the feeding speed of the welding wire 20 in the welding torch 10.

At least one laser torch 40 is provided in the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 . One laser torch 40 in this embodiment is provided in the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1.

Laser torch 40 and laser oscillation device 60 are devices for irradiating laser 50. The laser torch 40 receives laser light from the laser oscillation device 60 and irradiates the laser 50 toward the welded portion 3 of the base material 2 to remove the surface coating of the welded portion 3 and perform welding.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the laser irradiation part of the laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Note that, in FIG. 2, the configuration related to arc welding is not illustrated in order to facilitate understanding of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the laser torch 40 according to this embodiment includes an optical system 41 that processes the laser into a desired beam pattern.

The optical system 41 is arranged on the laser torch 40 so that the laser beam output from the laser oscillation device 60 passes therethrough. The laser beam that has passed through the optical system 41 is irradiated onto the base material 2, and an irradiation area 70 is formed in the base material 2.

The laser torch 40 irradiates the welded portion 3 with a first laser 51 and a second laser 52 . In this embodiment, each of the first laser 51 and the second laser 52 is irradiated from one laser torch 40 toward the part to be joined 3 . Specifically, the first laser 51 forms a rectangular irradiation area 71 on the surface of the base material 2 and irradiates it. Further, the second laser 52 forms a circular irradiation area 72 on the surface of the base material 2 and irradiates the base material 2 with the second laser 52 .

The output of the first laser 51 is lower than the output of the second laser 52. Note that the outputs of the first laser 51 and the second laser 52 can be arbitrarily set depending on the design of the optical system 41.

FIG. 3 is a top view showing a state in which base metals are welded by the laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a joined state of base metals welded by the laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the base material 2 is composed of a first base material 4 and a second base material 5. As shown in FIGS. The first base material 4 and the second base material 5 are welded by the arc 25 and irradiated with the laser 50 along the welding progress direction (DR1 direction), so that the first base material 4 is and the second base material 5 are joined to each other. The parts 3 to be joined are joined while forming a molten pool 90 along the DR1 direction.

The first laser 51 removes the surface coating of the part 3 to be joined. The second laser 52 melts the part 3 to be joined. After the first laser 51 is irradiated to the part 3 to be welded to remove the surface coating, the second laser 52 is irradiated to the part 3 to be welded and an arc 25 is generated between the part 3 and the part 3 to be welded. Weld part 3.

The width W1 of the irradiation area 71 of the first laser 51 in the direction perpendicular to the welding progress direction (DR2 direction) is wider than the width W2 of the irradiation area 72 of the second laser 52. The first laser 51 is irradiated to the range of the irradiation region 71 and moves in the DR1 direction, thereby removing the surface coating of the base material 2 and forming laser marks 73 behind the irradiation region 71.

The width W1 of the irradiation area 71 of the first laser 51 in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction (DR2 direction) is 0.5 times or more and twice or less the width W3 of the welded part 3. Thereby, a sufficient width can be ensured by the first laser 51 to remove the surface coating of the welded portion 3 for arc welding and welding by the second laser 52.

When welding the parts 3 to be joined, the irradiation area 71 which is the irradiation position of the first laser 51, the irradiation area 72 which is the irradiation position of the second laser 52, and the generation position of the arc 25 are set in the welding direction (DR1 direction). ) are arranged in this order. Arc welding can be stabilized by melting the welded portion 3 with the second laser 52 prior to arc welding. Note that the distance between the irradiation area 72 of the second laser 52 and the arc 25 in the DR1 direction is, for example, 2 mm or more and 3 mm or less.

Here, the test results of performing laser-arc hybrid welding on a base material using the laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

Each of the first base material and the second base material is an alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet (GA steel sheet) having a thickness of 2.3 mm. After butting each of the first base material and the second base material, one laser is defocused with an output of 5.0 kW and the surface coating is removed, while the welding speed is 4.0 m/min and the welding current is 250 A. Arc welding was performed under these conditions. As a result, the welded parts were insufficiently melted by the laser, and complete penetration welding of the butt joint was not possible.

On the other hand, the laser is diffracted by DOE and branched into a first laser and a second laser, and the first laser is irradiated with an irradiation width of 5.0 mm in the direction orthogonal to the welding progress direction and an output of 1.0 kW. Welding was performed using two lasers with an output of 4.0 kW. As a result, we were able to perform Uranami welding as complete penetration welding of butt joints. As a result, by performing laser-arc hybrid welding under the conditions of this embodiment, the first and second base materials of the galvanized GA steel sheet can be welded to remove the zinc plating while increasing the penetration depth. We were able to confirm that it is possible to secure and weld.

In the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a first laser 51 and a second laser 52 are irradiated toward the welded part 3 by the laser torch 40 in a direction perpendicular to the welding direction. By making the width W1 of the irradiation area 71 of the first laser 51 wider than the width W2 of the irradiation area 72 of the second laser 52 (in the DR2 direction), the first laser 51 can remove the surface coating of the part 3 to be welded. By welding by the arc 25 and melting the welded part 3 by the second laser 52, the penetration depth of the welded part 3 can be ensured.

In the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the output of the first laser 51 is lower than the output of the second laser 52, so that the output can be adjusted according to the purpose of use of the laser beam. , the output of the first laser 51 is made lower than that of the second laser 52 to make it suitable for removing the surface film of the part to be joined 3, and the output of the second laser 52 is made higher than that of the first laser 51 to make it suitable for removing the surface coating of the part to be joined 3. This makes it easier to ensure the desired penetration depth.

In the laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the width W1 of the irradiation area 71 of the first laser 51 in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction (DR2 direction) is By setting the width W3 to be 0.5 times or more and not more than 2 times, the first laser 51 can be set to an appropriate width W1 to ensure the removal effect of the surface coating of the welded portion 3.

In the laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, when welding the parts 3 to be joined, the irradiation position of the first laser 51, the irradiation position of the second laser 52, and the generation position of the arc 25 are are arranged in this order in the welding direction (DR1 direction), so that after the surface coating of the welded part 3 is removed by the first laser 51, the second laser 52 is used to remove the surface coating of the welded part 3 prior to arc welding. Arc welding can be stabilized by melting.

In the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, each of the first laser 51 and the second laser 52 is irradiated from one laser torch 40 toward the part to be welded 3. Since the first laser 51 and the second laser 52 can be configured by one laser torch 40, equipment costs can be suppressed. Moreover, since the outputs of the first laser 51 and the second laser 52 can be changed by only changing one DOE 41, welding conditions can be easily changed.

(Embodiment 2)
A laser-arc hybrid welding device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention differs from the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in the configuration of the laser torch. The description of the configurations that are similar to the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 will not be repeated.

FIG. 5 is a top view showing a state in which base metals are welded by the laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, in the laser-arc hybrid welding device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, each of the first laser and the second laser is irradiated from one laser torch toward the part to be welded 3. .

The laser torch includes a mirror and a drive motor (not shown). The laser can be scanned by applying a laser to the mirror and driving the mirror with a drive motor. Thereby, the laser is scanned in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 5 so as to form the shapes of the first laser irradiation area 71A and the second laser irradiation area 72A.

Scanning of the first laser and the second laser is controlled by a control program of the laser oscillation device. Welding conditions such as changing the irradiation area can be easily changed by a control program that scans the first laser and the second laser. Note that the laser scanning direction is not limited to the direction shown in FIG.

In the laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the mirror in the laser torch and the drive motor scan and irradiate the first laser and the second laser toward the part to be welded 3. The weld depth of the welded part 3 can be ensured by removing the surface coating of the welded part 3 with one laser and melting the welded part 3 with the second laser along with arc welding.

(Embodiment 3)
A laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described below. The laser-arc hybrid welding device according to the third embodiment of the present invention differs from the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the configuration of the laser torch. The description of the configurations that are similar to the laser-arc hybrid welding device 1 will not be repeated.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a laser torch related to a laser-arc hybrid welding device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Note that the welding torch is not shown in FIG. 6 in order to facilitate understanding of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the laser-arc hybrid welding device according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a first laser oscillation device 61, a second laser oscillation device 62, a first laser torch 45, and a second laser torch 46. Equipped with. Laser light is output from the first laser oscillation device 61 and passes through the first laser torch 45, thereby irradiating the base material 2 with the first laser 51B. Further, a laser beam is output from the second laser oscillation device 62 and passes through the second laser torch 46, so that the base material 2 is irradiated with the second laser 52B.

The first laser torch 45 includes an optical system 41B. The optical system 41B is arranged on the first laser torch 45 so that the laser beam passes therethrough. The first laser 51B passes through the optical system 41B and is irradiated onto the base material 2, forming an irradiation area 71B in the base material 2.

Second laser torch 46 includes a lens 48 . When the laser passes through the lens 48, the second laser 52B is focused and irradiated onto the base material 2, forming an irradiation area 72B. Note that the second laser torch 46 may be provided with an optical system for laser processing.

It is desirable that the irradiation position of the first laser 51B, the irradiation position of the second laser 52B, and the generation position of an arc (not shown) are arranged in this order in the welding direction (DR1 direction). In the present embodiment, the irradiation position of the first laser 51B, the arc generation position, and the irradiation position of the second laser 52B may be arranged in this order in the welding progress direction. In this case, by performing arc welding in advance of the second laser 52B in the DR1 direction, the interior of the welded portion can be stirred by the second laser 52B after ensuring the penetration depth.

In the laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the first laser 51B and the second laser 52B are outputted from separate laser torches to remove the surface coating of the base material 2. Since the first laser oscillation device 61 that outputs can be made to have a low output specification, the running cost of laser irradiation of the laser-arc hybrid welding device can be suppressed.

Note that the above-described embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects, and are not the basis for a limited interpretation. Therefore, the technical scope of the present disclosure should not be interpreted only by the embodiments described above. In addition, all changes within the meaning and scope of the claims are included. In the above description of the embodiments, combinable configurations may be combined with each other.

1 Laser-arc hybrid welding device, 3 Part to be joined, 10 Welding torch, 25 Arc, 40 Laser torch, 51, 51B First laser, 52, 52B Second laser, 70, 71, 71A, 71B, 72, 72A, 72B Irradiation area, W1, W2, W3 width.

Claims (5)

at least one laser torch that irradiates a first laser and a second laser toward the part to be joined;
a welding torch that generates an arc between the welding part and the welding part,
The width of the irradiation area of the first laser in the direction perpendicular to the direction of welding progress is wider than the width of the irradiation area of the second laser,
After removing the surface coating by irradiating the first laser beam onto the welded portion, the arc is generated between the welded portion and the welded portion while irradiating the second laser beam onto the welded portion. A laser-arc hybrid welding device that welds joints. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output of the first laser is lower than the output of the second laser. 3. The width of the irradiation area of the first laser in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction is 0.5 times or more and 2 times or less the width of the welded portion. Laser-arc hybrid welding equipment. When welding the parts to be joined, the irradiation position of the first laser, the irradiation position of the second laser, and the generation position of the arc are arranged in this order in the welding direction. The laser-arc hybrid welding device according to any one of Item 3. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the first laser and the second laser is irradiated toward the welded part from one laser torch.

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