JP2023125548A - Radiation body, concrete structure, radiation unit, and air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a radiation body efficiently transferring heat held by a heat medium, a concrete structure, a radiation unit, and an air conditioning system.SOLUTION: A radiation body 10 includes: an air feeding cylinder 11 in which a gas heat medium A flows; and a collecting/dispersing member 12 allowing the heat medium A flowing in the air feeding cylinder 11 to flow along an inner wall of the air feeding cylinder 11. The collecting/dispersing member 12 has a guide member 13 and a direction conversion member 17 disposed at its downstream side. The guide member 13 leads the heat medium A to an axial direction of the air feeding cylinder 11, and the direction conversion member 17 changes a flowing direction of the heat medium A passing through the guide member 13 to the flow along the inner wall. The plurality of collecting/dispersing members 12 are axially arranged at intervals. A concrete structure includes the radiation body 10 and concrete for covering its circumference. A radiation unit includes the radiation body 10 and a reflection plate disposed near the same. An air conditioning system includes the concrete structure or the radiation unit, and a temperature controller for controlling a temperature of the heat medium A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a radiator, a concrete structure, a radiant unit, and a heating and cooling system, and particularly relates to a radiator, a concrete structure, a radiant unit, and a heating and cooling system with improved heat transfer efficiency from a heat medium.

In recent years, radiant heating and cooling systems that perform heating and cooling using radiant heat have been increasingly adopted as a heating and cooling system that achieves both energy savings and comfort. A radiant heating and cooling system is a system that cools the parts (ceilings, floors, walls, etc.) facing the space to be cooled or heated during cooling and warms them during heating, and cools or heats the space using radiant heat from the cooled or heated parts. . As a component used in a radiant heating and cooling system, multiple channels for flowing temperature-controlled air are provided on the back side of the surface plate facing the target space, and the heat of the air flowing through these channels is transferred to the surface plate. There is a partition panel that radiates cold or warm heat from the air (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2011-252375

In heating and cooling by radiation, if more of the cold or warm heat held by the air can be transferred to the member that radiates cold or warm heat, then heating and cooling can be performed more effectively and it will also contribute to energy savings.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present disclosure relates to providing a radiator, a concrete structure, a radiant unit, and a heating and cooling system that can efficiently transmit cold or warm heat held by a heat medium.

A radiator according to a first aspect of the present disclosure includes a sending cylinder through which a gaseous heat medium flows, and is provided inside the sending cylinder, and the radiator is configured to cause the heating medium flowing through the sending cylinder to flow along an inner wall of the sending cylinder. a collecting and distributing member, the collecting and distributing member having a guide member, and a direction changing member disposed on the downstream side of the guide member when viewed in the flow direction of the heat medium, the guide member comprising: , a portion of the heat medium that flows adjacent to the inner wall is shifted toward the axis of the sending cylinder, and the direction changing member directs the heat medium that has passed through the guide member to flow along the inner wall. A plurality of the collecting and dispersing members are provided at intervals in the direction in which the axis extends.

With this configuration, when the heat medium collected near the axis by the guide member flows along the inner wall by the direction changing member, the cold or warm heat held by the heat medium is efficiently transmitted to the sending cylinder. becomes able to emit cold or hot heat.

Further, in a radiator according to a second aspect of the present disclosure, in the radiator according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, the guide member includes an inner peripheral edge of the sending cylinder in a cross section in a direction intersecting the axis. A passage hole through which the heating medium can pass is formed inside the peripheral plate.

With this structure, the heat medium blocked by the peripheral plate passes through the passage hole in the direction of the axis, and the heat medium can be collected in the direction of the axis with a simple structure.

Further, in a radiator according to a third aspect of the present disclosure, in the radiator according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure, the direction changing member is formed in the shape of a cone. , the apex of the cone is located on the upstream side in the flow direction of the heat medium, and the cone is arranged such that a gap is formed between the bottom of the cone and the inner wall of the sending cylinder, and the guide The member and the direction changing member are arranged at a predetermined distance apart.

With this configuration, the flow velocity of the heat medium flowing along the side surface of the cone increases as it flows through the gap, so that the cold heat or heat held by the heat medium can be efficiently transmitted to the sending cylinder.

Further, in a radiator according to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, in the radiator according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure, the direction changing member may direct the heat medium that has passed through the guide member. , a swirling flow generating member that generates a swirling flow that swirls in the circumferential direction of the sending cylinder in a cross section in a direction intersecting the axis.

With this configuration, the time during which the heat medium that has passed through the direction changing member is in contact with the inner wall of the sending cylinder can be extended, and a relatively large amount of the cold or warm heat held by the heating medium can be transferred to the sending cylinder.

Further, in a radiator according to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, in the radiator according to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, the swirling flow generating member has a surface in a direction crossing the direction in which the axis extends. It has a spreading receiving plate, and a side wall plate provided on a surface of the receiving plate opposite to the guide member and erected toward the guide member, and the side wall plate extends from the axis toward the inner wall. It extends in a curved direction.

With this configuration, a swirling flow of the heat medium can be generated with a simple configuration.

Further, a concrete structure according to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure includes a radiator according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present disclosure, and concrete surrounding the radiator. , is provided.

With this configuration, the cold or hot heat generated by the sending cylinder can be transmitted to the concrete, and the cold or hot heat can be radiated from the surface of the concrete.

Further, a radiation unit according to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure includes a radiator according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present disclosure, and a reflection unit disposed near the radiator. A reflecting plate is provided, which is a plate and reflects heat radiated from the radiator in a predetermined direction.

With this configuration, the cold or hot heat radiated from the sending cylinder can be radiated in a predetermined direction by the reflecting plate.

Further, an air conditioning system according to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure includes the concrete structure according to the sixth aspect of the present disclosure or the radiant unit according to the seventh aspect of the present disclosure, and a A temperature controller that adjusts the temperature of the heat medium.

With this configuration, the temperature-adjusted heat medium can be flowed into the sending tube, and the heat held by the heating medium can be transferred to the concrete or the reflective plate through the sending tube, and the cold heat or heat from the concrete or the reflecting plate can be transferred. The space to be cooled and heated can be heated and cooled by radiation of heat.

According to the present disclosure, when the heat medium collected near the axis by the guide member flows along the inner wall by the direction changing member, the cold or warm heat held by the heat medium is efficiently transmitted to the sending cylinder. becomes able to emit cold or hot heat.

(A) is a side cross-sectional view of a radiator according to one embodiment, (B) is a perspective view of a collecting and dispersing member included in the radiator, and (C) is an enlarged partial side cross-sectional view of the radiator. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a heating and cooling system according to an embodiment. (A) is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a heating and cooling system according to a modification of one embodiment, and (B) is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a heating and cooling system according to a modification of one embodiment. (A) is a side cross-sectional view of a radiator according to a modification of one embodiment, (B) is an exploded perspective view of a collection and distribution member included in the radiator, (C) is a perspective view of the collection and distribution member, and (D) is a collection and distribution member. It is a front view of a member.

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each figure, members that are the same or correspond to each other are designated by the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant explanations will be omitted.

First, a radiator 10 according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1(A) to 1(C). 1(A) is a side cross-sectional view of the radiator 10, FIG. 1(B) is a perspective view of a collecting and dispersing member 12 included in the radiator 10, and FIG. 1(C) is an enlarged partial side cross-sectional view of the radiator 10. The radiator 10 allows temperature-adjusted air (hereinafter referred to as "temperature-adjusted air A") as a gaseous heat medium to flow inside, and cold or hot heat held by the temperature-adjusted air A is transferred to cool or heat the radiator 10. It radiates cold or hot heat from its outer surface. Here, when cooling the outer surface of the radiator 10 and radiating cold heat, the outer surface of the radiator 10, which has a lower temperature than the surroundings, absorbs heat from the surroundings. I will express it. The radiator 10 includes a sending cylinder 11 and a collection member 12.

The feed cylinder 11 is a member that allows the temperature-controlled air A to flow therein, and forms a flow path for the temperature-controlled air A. The sending cylinder 11 is a cylindrical member, and both ends thereof are open surfaces. Although a spiral duct is typically used for the sending cylinder 11, a square duct may also be used. That is, the shape of the cross section of the sending cylinder 11 perpendicular to the cylindrical axis is typically circular, but may be rectangular or other polygonal, or may be elliptical. Here, the cylindrical axis is an imaginary line that passes through the centroid of the shape in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical shape and extends in the longitudinal direction. The sending cylinder 11 is typically made of a steel plate, but may be made of a metal other than a steel plate or a resin. When a spiral duct is used, the sending cylinder 11 may have a diameter of, for example, 100 mm to 250 mm, or 150 mm to 200 mm, but the diameter can be changed as appropriate depending on the purpose. In the sending cylinder 11, one duct may be integrally formed, or a plurality of ducts may be connected in the axial direction to form one duct.

In the present embodiment, the collecting and dispersing member 12 causes the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the sending cylinder 11 to flow in the axial direction of the sending cylinder 11 along the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11 at an increased flow rate, and serves as a guide. It has a member 13 and a direction changing member 17. A plurality of collecting and dispersing members 12 are provided inside the sending cylinder 11 . In this embodiment, the interval between adjacent collecting and dispersing members 12 is set to 300 mm to 600 mm, preferably 400 mm to 500 mm, but it may be set to 2 times to 6 times, or 3 times to 4 times to 5 times the diameter of the sending cylinder 11. Alternatively, the distance may be set to a distance other than this depending on the situation. The interval between adjacent collecting and dispersing members 12 here is the distance between the reference positions of the collecting and distributing members 12, for example, the distance between the respective guide members 13. In this embodiment, the plurality of collecting and dispersing members 12 are attached to the shaft rod 31 to maintain the mutual spacing. The shaft rod 31 is arranged on the axis of the sending cylinder 11 .

By referring to FIG. 1(B), the configurations of the guide member 13 and the direction changing member 17 can be understood in more detail. The guide member 13 is a member that brings the temperature-controlled air A flowing through the sending cylinder 11 near the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11 closer to the inside of the sending cylinder 11 (in the direction of the axis of the sending cylinder 11). In this embodiment, the guide member 13 is provided inside a spiral duct having a circular cross section, and is therefore formed by processing a disc-shaped member. The guide member 13 is formed so that its outer diameter is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the feed cylinder 11 . Here, the outer diameter of the guide member 13 is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the feed cylinder 11, which ideally means that the outer diameter of the guide member 13 is the same as the inner diameter of the feed cylinder 11. This is intended to include making it slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the feed cylinder 11.

The guide member 13 is provided with an annular peripheral plate 14 having a predetermined width (the length in the radial direction of the disk) on the outer peripheral portion of the disk. The predetermined width of the peripheral plate 14 may be about 1/4 to 1/2 of the radius of the disc shape of the guide member 13, typically about 1/3 of the radius of the disc shape. The guide member 13 has hub spokes 15 provided inside a peripheral plate 14 and a passage hole 16 formed therein. The hub spoke 15 is a general term for the disk-shaped center portion of the guide member 13 and the portion connecting this center portion and the peripheral plate 14. The number of parts connecting the center part and the peripheral plate 14 of the hub spoke 15 is four in FIG. 1(B), but it may be three, two, or one, or it may be five or more. It is preferable to make the area of the central portion as small as possible within a range that can support the peripheral plate 14. The center portion of the hub spoke 15 is preferably made as small in area as possible within the range that it can be supported by the shaft rod 31. The passage hole 16 is an opening through which the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the feed cylinder 11 passes. All of the temperature-controlled air A passing through the guide member 13 passes through the passage hole 16. From the viewpoint of suppressing the occurrence of turbulent flow of the temperature-controlled air A passing through the passage holes 16, it is preferable that the entire hub spoke 15 has an area as small as possible.

The direction changing member 17 is a member that changes the direction of the temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 into a flow toward the inner wall of the feed cylinder 11 . The direction changing member 17 has a conical portion 18 and a cylindrical portion 19. The cone portion 18 is a cone-shaped portion, and in this embodiment is formed into a cone shape. The angle between the axis of the conical part 18 (corresponding to the part through which the shaft rod 31 passes) and the side surface of the cone is preferably 30 degrees to 60 degrees, for example, and may be 45 degrees. good. The cylindrical portion 19 is a cylindrical member attached to the bottom of the conical portion 18 (a portion corresponding to the bottom surface of the conical body), and is formed in a cylindrical shape in this embodiment. The diameter of the cylindrical tube portion 19 is equal to the diameter of the bottom of the conical cone portion 18. Further, the diameter of the cylindrical portion 19 is formed smaller than the inner diameter of the sending cylinder 11, and a gap 35 (see FIGS. 1(A) and 1(C)) is formed between the cylindrical portion 19 and the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11. ). The gap 35 is formed over the entire outer circumference of the cylindrical portion 19. The gap 35 is formed to increase the flow velocity of the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the sending cylinder 11 to remove still air (velocity boundary layer) or to reduce the thickness of the still air (velocity boundary layer). . From this point of view, the gap 35 is preferably dimensioned so that the flow rate of the temperature-controlled air A passing therethrough is approximately 3 m/s to 5 m/s. Taking these circumstances into consideration, the diameter of the cylindrical portion 19 may be, for example, 0.8 to 0.9 times the inner diameter of the feed cylinder 11, or may be 0.85 times. The entirety of the direction changing member 17, in which the cylindrical part 19 is connected to the conical part 18, is typically hollow from the viewpoint of weight reduction. substance or different substances).

The direction changing member 17 is arranged in such a direction that the apex of the conical part 18 is located on the guide member 13 side and the cylindrical part 19 is located on the side far from the guide member 13. The guide member 13 and the direction change member 17 are arranged at such intervals that the temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 reaches the direction change member 17 before spreading as far outward as possible (towards the inner wall of the blower cylinder 11). Good to have. The distance between the guide member 13 and the rearmost part of the direction changing member 17 (the end of the cylinder part 19 located at the most downstream position in the flow direction of the temperature-controlled air A) may be, for example, 50 mm to 100 mm. It may be approximately 0.5 to 1.2 times the inner diameter. The guide member 13 and the direction changing member 17 are typically made of resin molded products, but may also be formed by processing a metal such as a steel plate. The guide member 13 and the direction changing member 17 may both be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials.

In the radiator 10 configured as described above, when the temperature-controlled air A is supplied, the temperature-controlled air A flows inside the feed cylinder 11 in a generally laminar flow. When the temperature-controlled air A flows through the sending cylinder 11 , the temperature-controlled air A transmits cold heat or heat held by the temperature-controlled air A to the sending cylinder 11 . When the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the sending cylinder 11 reaches the position where the guide member 13 is disposed, the portion of the temperature-controlled air A flowing through the outer circumference in the axis-perpendicular cross section of the sending cylinder 11 is blocked by the peripheral plate 14. It then moves toward the center of the cross section (direction of the shaft 31). The temperature-controlled air A, which has been blocked by the peripheral plate 14 and has changed its flow direction toward the shaft rod 31, passes through the guide member 13 together with the temperature-controlled air A that was originally flowing inside the feed cylinder 11 (on the axis side). It passes through the hole 16 and reaches the downstream side of the guide member 13. The temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 flows a little downstream and reaches the direction changing member 17 . The temperature-controlled air A that has arrived at the direction changing member 17 flows from the apex of the conical portion 18 toward the bottom while radially diffusing along the side surfaces. The temperature-controlled air A that has arrived at the bottom of the cone portion 18 passes through the gap 35 formed between the outer surface of the cylinder portion 19 and the inner surface of the feed cylinder 11 and flows to the downstream side of the direction changing member 17. When the temperature-controlled air A passes through the gap 35, the cross-sectional area of the flow path becomes smaller than when passing through the entire feed cylinder 11, so the flow speed increases and flows at a speed of approximately 3 m/s to 5 m/s. As the flow velocity of the temperature-controlled air A passing through the gap 35 increases as described above, the still air (velocity boundary layer) that would exist near the inner wall of the feed cylinder 11 if the flow velocity was slow is removed. Or the thickness will decrease and the heat transfer coefficient will increase. By increasing the heat transfer coefficient, more of the cold heat or heat held by the temperature-controlled air A is transferred to the sending cylinder 11. Therefore, the radiator 10 can increase the amount of cold or hot heat released compared to the case where the temperature-controlled air A flows through a simple duct in which nothing (for example, the collection member 12) is provided inside. The temperature-controlled air A that has passed through one collecting and dispersing member 12 flows within the sending cylinder 11 toward the collecting and dispersing member 12 on the downstream side, and the above-mentioned action is repeated thereafter. The radiator 10 that acts in this manner can be applied to the following.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a heating and cooling system 100 according to an embodiment. The heating and cooling system 100 is typically installed in a building and performs heating and cooling of spaces within the building. Here, performing air conditioning or heating refers to performing either cooling or heating depending on the situation. The heating and cooling system 100 has the ability to perform both cooling and heating depending on the season.

The air conditioning system 100 includes a concrete structure 50 according to one embodiment. The concrete structure 50 is constructed by arranging a plurality of the above-described radiators 10 in parallel on a virtual plane and covering them with concrete 51. The concrete 51 is integrally molded to cover the entire outer peripheral side surface of the sending tube 11 of the plurality of radiators 10, and does not cover both end surfaces of the sending tube 11. In addition, in FIG. 2, a part of the concrete 51 is shown cut away in order to show the internal structure of the concrete 51. Furthermore, when referring to the configuration of the radiator 10 in the following description, reference will be made to FIGS. 1(A) to 1(C) as appropriate. The spacing between the radiators 10 may be determined so that concrete 51 is filled between adjacent radiators 10 to a depth of 30 mm or more, preferably 40 mm or more, more preferably 50 mm or more. In the direction perpendicular to the direction in which each radiator 10 is arranged (upward and downward when each radiator 10 is arranged horizontally), the cover of the concrete 51 is approximately 30 mm to 40 mm to 50 mm. It is better to make it . The concrete 51 may be poured at the site (building construction site), or the concrete structure 50 manufactured as precast concrete at a factory may be transported to the site. A concrete structure 50 in which a plurality of radiators 10 are embedded in concrete 51 can function as a void slab when used for a floor (ceiling for a downstairs space). In other words, the concrete structure 50 can be seen as having the collection and dispersion member 12 provided in the void of a void slab, or the sending cylinder 11 can be seen as a void formwork. Therefore, when the concrete structure 50 is used for a floor, it enjoys the advantages of a void slab, such as being able to create a highly rigid slab with high sound insulation, and being able to create a space without small beams. can do.

The heating and cooling system 100 includes an air conditioner 61 in addition to the concrete structure 50 described above. The air conditioner 61 is a device that adjusts the temperature of the temperature-conditioned air A, and corresponds to a temperature controller. The air conditioner 61 may be placed in a space under the attic or in another space. The air conditioner 61 includes a coil (not shown) and a fan (not shown). The coil cools or heats the temperature-controlled air A introduced into the air conditioner 61. The coil has a tube through which cold water or hot water whose temperature is controlled by a heat source device (not shown) flows inside. The tube of the coil is provided with a number of fins. The coil transmits the heat of the cold water or hot water to the temperature-controlled air A by passing the temperature-controlled air A between a large number of fins and exchanging heat between the cold water or hot water and the temperature-controlled air A. It is composed of The fan forces the temperature-controlled air A whose temperature is controlled by a coil toward the radiator 10 of the concrete structure 50. Note that the air conditioner 61 only needs to be able to adjust the temperature of the temperature-conditioned air A, and does not need to have a configuration for adjusting the humidity of the temperature-conditioned air A. However, if there is a risk that the moisture contained in the temperature-conditioned air A supplied from the air conditioner 61 may condense, the air conditioner 61 may adjust the humidity of the temperature-conditioned air A to prevent condensation from occurring. It is preferable to have a configuration.

In this embodiment, the air conditioning system 100 further includes a distribution duct 63, a collection duct 65, and an outgoing duct 68 for conveying temperature-conditioned air A between the air conditioner 61 and the concrete structure 50. ing. The distribution duct 63 is a member that distributes the temperature-controlled air A to the sending cylinders 11 of each radiator 10 within the concrete structure 50. The distribution duct 63 is formed into an elongated cylindrical shape in the direction in which the plurality of feed cylinders 11 are lined up (width direction). The cross section of the distribution duct 63 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is typically rectangular, but may be circular, elliptical, or polygonal. The distribution duct 63 has a longitudinal size (the size of the cylindrical side surface) that is large enough to encompass the entire end surface of each of the plurality of radiators 10, and each radiator is attached to the cylindrical side surface. 10 end faces are connected. The height of the side surface of the distribution duct 63 to which each radiator 10 is connected is preferably the same as the thickness of the concrete structure 50. The distribution duct 63 and the radiator 10 communicate with each other at a connecting portion thereof, so that the temperature-controlled air A can flow into the radiator 10 from the distribution duct 63. The distribution duct 63 has an introduction port 64 for introducing the temperature-controlled air A at one end of the elongated cylindrical shape. In the present embodiment, the distribution duct 63 does not have any openings other than the communication port with the radiator 10 and the introduction port 64, and all of the temperature-controlled air A introduced from the introduction port 64 is distributed to each radiator. It is now possible to lead to 10.

The collection duct 65 is a member that collects the temperature-controlled air A flowing through each radiator 10. Collection duct 65 typically has the same size and shape as distribution duct 63. However, as long as it can fulfill the function of collecting temperature-controlled air A, it may have a different shape and size from the distribution duct 63. The collection duct 65 has a longitudinal size (the size of the cylindrical side surface) that is large enough to encompass the entire end surface of each of the plurality of radiators 10, and each radiator is attached to the cylindrical side surface. 10 end faces are connected. The height of the side of the collection duct 65 to which each radiator 10 is connected is preferably the same as the thickness of the concrete structure 50. The collection duct 65 and the radiator 10 communicate with each other at a connecting portion thereof, so that the temperature-controlled air A can flow into the collection duct 65 from within the radiator 10. The collection duct 65 has a reflux port 66 for discharging the temperature-controlled air A at one end of the elongated cylindrical shape. In this embodiment, the return port 66 is provided at the longitudinal end of the collection duct 65 so that the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 is closest to the radiator 10 that is farthest from the inlet 64 of the distribution duct 63. It is formed. In this embodiment, the reflux port 66 is provided with a louver. In the present embodiment, the collection duct 65 has no openings except for the communication port with the radiator 10 and the return port 66, and all of the temperature-controlled air A flowing out from the radiator 10 into the collection duct 65 is can be guided to the reflux port 66. Note that when the concrete structure 50 is manufactured as precast concrete in a factory, the distribution duct 63 and/or the collection duct 65 may be attached to the concrete structure 50 in the factory. Alternatively, the distribution duct 63 and/or the collection duct 65 may be covered with concrete 51 and molded integrally. In other words, distribution ducts 63 and/or collection ducts 65 may be included in the components of concrete structure 50 .

The concrete structure 50 to which the distribution duct 63 and the collection duct 65 are attached (hereinafter, this may be referred to as an "aggregate") is formed into a rectangular plate shape as a whole. The inlet 64 of the distribution duct 63 and the return opening 66 of the collection duct 65 are configured to be located diagonally across the generally rectangular assembly. The discharge side of the air conditioner 61 and the inlet 64 of the distribution duct 63 are connected by an outgoing duct 68. In this embodiment, a duct is not connected to the reflux port 66 of the collection duct 65, and the duct is open to the space in which the reflux port 66 is exposed. Accordingly, air around the air conditioner 61 is taken into the air conditioner 61.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, the operation of the heating and cooling system 100 will be described. In the following description, when referring to the configuration of the radiator 10, reference will be made to FIGS. 1(A) to 1(C) as appropriate. When operating the heating and cooling system 100, first, the air conditioner 61 is started. Then, air around the air conditioner 61 is introduced into the air conditioner 61. When the air introduced into the air conditioner 61 passes through the coil, it is cooled during cooling and warmed during heating, becoming temperature-controlled air A. The temperature-controlled air A generated by passing through the coil is discharged from the air conditioner 61 by a fan. Temperature-conditioned air A discharged from the air conditioner 61 flows through the outgoing duct 68 and then flows into the distribution duct 63. The temperature-controlled air A that has flowed into the distribution duct 63 flows toward the end opposite to the side to which the outbound duct 68 is connected. The temperature-controlled air A flowing through the distribution duct 63 flows into the radiators 10 each time it encounters the radiators 10 arranged in the longitudinal direction. The temperature-controlled air A flowing into each radiator 10 from the distribution duct 63 flows toward the end to which the collection duct 65 is connected.

The temperature-controlled air A that has flowed into each radiator 10 from the distribution duct 63 transfers the cold heat (during cooling) or warm heat (during heating) held by the temperature-controlled air A to the sending cylinder 11 as it flows through each radiant 10. do. At this time, the heat transfer coefficient of the temperature-controlled air A increases as the flow velocity increases as described above at the position where the collecting and dispersing member 12 is present, so that more cold or warm heat can be transferred to the sending cylinder 11. can. In this way, in the radiator 10, the temperature-controlled air A flows, so that the cold or warm heat held by the temperature-controlled air A is effectively transmitted to the sending cylinder 11. The cold or hot heat transferred to the sending cylinder 11 is transferred to the concrete 51 surrounding the sending cylinder 11, thereby lowering or increasing the temperature of the concrete 51.

The concrete 51, which is cooled during cooling and warmed during heating by the transfer of cold or warm heat from the sending cylinder 11, radiates cold or warm heat from its surface to cool or heat the space facing the concrete 51. . Note that during cooling, the concrete 51 absorbs the heat of objects in the space to be cooled, giving a sense of coolness; however, in this specification, for convenience, it is expressed as cold heat being radiated from the concrete 51. are doing. In the air-conditioning system 100, since the temperature-controlled air A is used as the heat medium for cooling or heating the concrete 51, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of dew condensation and avoid water leakage, compared to when cold water or hot water is used as the heat medium. be able to. If radiant cooling is performed using cold water as the heat medium, it is possible to set the temperature of the cold water to 23°C or higher (a temperature higher than the dew point) to prevent condensation on the radiant surface. In this case, it becomes difficult to quickly follow changes in load. In this regard, since the heating and cooling system 100 according to the present embodiment uses the temperature-controlled air A as the heat medium, it has excellent followability during load fluctuations.

The temperature-controlled air A that has finished flowing through each radiator 10 flows into the collection duct 65. The temperature-controlled air A flowing into the collection duct 65 from each radiator 10 flows through the collection duct 65 toward the recirculation port 66 . At this time, the end of the collection duct 65 provided with the return port 66 is located diagonally to the end of the distribution duct 63 to which the outgoing duct 68 is connected, as described above. Therefore, the distances traveled by the temperature-controlled air A flowing through each radiator 10 from the inlet 64 to the return port 66 are approximately equal (reverse rethan system), and the entire concrete 51 can be evenly cooled or heated. . The temperature-controlled air A that has flowed through the collection duct 65 and reached the return port 66 is diffused into the space where the return port 66 is exposed (typically, a space where heating and cooling is performed by radiation of cold or warm heat from the concrete 51). Ru. The air diffused from the recirculation port 66 is separately taken into the air conditioner 61 from the air around the air conditioner 61, and thereafter the above-described operation is repeated.

As explained above, according to the radiator 10 according to the present embodiment, the flow velocity of the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside is increased by the collection member 12. Thereby, the velocity boundary layer near the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11 can be removed or its thickness can be reduced, and the cold or warm heat held by the temperature-controlled air A can be efficiently transmitted to the sending cylinder 11. Furthermore, the concrete structure 50 according to the present embodiment can function as a void slab when used for a floor, and can be a structure that has both the advantages of a radiant plate and a void slab. Moreover, according to the air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment, since the concrete structure 50 is provided with the above-described radiator 10, heat radiation is performed from the concrete 51, thereby efficiently cooling or heating the space to be cooled or heated. can do.

Next, a heating and cooling system 200 according to a modification of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B). FIG. 3(A) is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the heating and cooling system 200, and FIG. 3(B) is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the heating and cooling system 200. The heating and cooling system 200 has a similar configuration to the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2), except that a radiant unit 70 according to an embodiment is provided in place of the concrete structure 50 (see FIG. 2). However, they are mainly different. The radiation unit 70 is configured by arranging a plurality of the above-mentioned radiators 10 in parallel on a virtual plane and covering them with a reflecting plate 71. That is, the radiation unit 70 has a configuration in which a reflecting plate 71 is provided instead of covering the plurality of radiators 10 with concrete in the concrete structure 50 (see FIG. 2). The reflector plate 71 reflects part of the cold or hot heat radiated from the radiator 10 in a predetermined direction (desired direction), thereby increasing the amount of heat radiated in the predetermined direction.

The reflecting plate 71 is typically formed in a size that can include all of the plurality of radiators 10 arranged on a virtual plane in a plan view. In this embodiment, the reflecting plate 71 has a basic shape of a rectangular thin flat plate, and a pair of opposing sides are curved into a 1/4 arc shape in a cross section perpendicular to the sides. However, the shape of the reflection plate 71 can be determined as appropriate depending on the direction in which the radiant heat from the radiator 10 is desired to be reflected, the amount of heat, and the like. It is preferable that the reflecting plate 71 is configured such that a reflecting surface 72, which is a surface facing the radiator 10 and reflects radiant heat from the radiator 10, has a high emissivity. As a measure to increase the emissivity of the reflective surface 72, for example, coating the entire reflective surface 72 with a water-repellent black paint can be mentioned. On the other hand, it is preferable that the back surface 73 on the back side of the reflective surface 72 be made, for example, of silver color with a metallic luster and low emissivity to suppress radiation from the back surface 73. By providing such a reflecting plate 71, the heat radiation from the radiator 10 can be given directivity. The reflecting plate 71 is provided so as to cover one surface of a rectangular plate when the plurality of radiators 10 arranged on a virtual plane are regarded as a rectangular plate as a whole.

The heating and cooling system 200 includes, in addition to the above-described radiant unit 70, an air conditioner 61, a distribution duct 63, and a collection duct 65, similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2). The manner in which the distribution duct 63 and the collection duct 65 are connected to each radiator 10 of the radiant unit 70 is similar to that of the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2). Further, the point that the air conditioner 61 and the inlet 64 of the distribution duct 63 are connected through the outgoing duct 68 is similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2). However, in the air-conditioning system 200, the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 is not opened to the space where the return port 66 is exposed through the louver, but the return duct 69 is used to connect the return port 66 and the air conditioner 61. The side is connected. In the heating and cooling system 200, both the radiation unit 70 and the air conditioner 61 are typically installed on the ceiling of a space to be heated and cooled. Therefore, the radiation unit 70 and the air conditioner 61 are arranged close to each other, and the outgoing duct 68 and the return duct 69 can be relatively short. The radiation unit 70 is arranged so that the reflection plate 71 is located further away from the radiator 10 with respect to the space to be heated and cooled. Therefore, the reflective surface 72 of the reflective plate 71 faces the space to be heated and cooled. The configuration of the heating and cooling system 200 other than the above is the same as that of the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2).

The operation of the heating and cooling system 200 configured as described above will be explained. When the air conditioning system 200 is operated, when the air conditioner 61 is started, temperature-conditioned air A is generated in the air conditioner 61, and the generated temperature-conditioned air A flows into each radiator 10 via the outgoing duct 68 and the distribution duct 63. What is done is similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2). In addition, the temperature-controlled air A that has flowed into each radiator 10 transmits its cold or warm heat to the sending cylinder 11 before reaching the collection duct 65, especially at the position where the collecting and dispersing member 12 is present. The transfer of heat is also similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2).

In the air-conditioning system 200, the air-conditioning cylinder 11, which has been cooled or warmed by the transfer of cold or thermal heat from the temperature-controlled air A, radiates cold or thermal heat from its surface to cool or heat the air-conditioning target space facing the air-conditioning air A. Provide cooling or heating. At this time, the heat radiated from the surface of the sending cylinder 11 facing opposite to the space to be cooled and heated is reflected by the reflective surface 72 of the reflector plate 71 and radiated to the space to be cooled and heated. For this reason, most of the heat radiated from the entire side surface of the sending cylinder 11 is directed toward the space to be cooled and heated, and the space to be cooled and heated can be efficiently cooled and heated. Note that during cooling, the heat of objects present in the space to be cooled is absorbed by the blower cylinder 11, giving a feeling of coolness; however, in this specification, for convenience, cold heat is radiated from the blower cylinder 11. It is expressed as. Furthermore, the air conditioning system 200 can also suppress the occurrence of dew condensation, can avoid water leakage, and has excellent followability during load fluctuations.

The temperature-controlled air A that has finished flowing through each radiator 10 flows into the collection duct 65 and flows through the collection duct 65 toward the recirculation port 66, similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2). Thereafter, in the heating and cooling system 200, the temperature-conditioned air A that has reached the return port 66 flows through the return duct 69 and is introduced into the air conditioner 61. The temperature-conditioned air A introduced into the air conditioner 61 is temperature-controlled again and then discharged from the air conditioner 61, and thereafter the above-described operation is repeated. According to the air-conditioning system 200 that operates in this manner, most of the cold or hot heat radiated from the radiator 10 (blow cylinder 11) is directed toward the space to be cooled or heated with the help of the reflector plate 71. Efficient radiant heating and cooling can be performed for the space.

Next, a radiator 20 according to a modification of one embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4(A) to 4(D). 4(A) is a side sectional view of the radiator 20, FIG. 4(B) is an exploded perspective view of the collecting and dispersing member 22 included in the radiating member 20, FIG. 4(C) is a perspective view of the collecting and dispersing member 22, and FIG. ) is a front view of the collecting and dispersing member 22. In addition, in FIG. 4(D), in order to clearly show the internal structure, the hub spokes 15 of the guide member 13 are shown with broken lines (actually, they can be seen from the front). The radiator 20 can be applied in place of the radiator 10 in the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2) and the heating and cooling system 200 (see FIG. 3(B)). Compared to the radiator 10 (see FIG. 1(A)), the radiator 20 has a collecting and dispersing member 22 (see FIG. 4(B) to 4(D)) is provided. The sending cylinder 11 included in the radiator 20 is the same as that included in the radiator 10 (see FIG. 1(A)). Further, in the radiator 20 as well, similarly to the radiator 10 (see FIG. 1(A)), the dispersion member 22 may be arranged on the axis of the sending cylinder 11 using the shaft rod 31. The details of the collecting and dispersing member 22 will be explained below.

In this modification, the collecting and dispersing member 22 is for rotating the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the sending cylinder 11 in the circumferential direction of the sending cylinder 11, and includes a guide member 13 and a direction changing member 25. ing. A plurality of collecting and dispersing members 22 are provided inside the sending cylinder 11 . In this modification, the interval between adjacent collecting and dispersing members 22 is set to 300 mm to 600 mm, preferably 350 mm to 500 mm, but it may also be 2 times to 6 times, or 3 times to 4 times to 5 times the diameter of the sending cylinder 11. However, other distances may be set depending on the situation. The interval between adjacent collecting and dispersing members 22 here is the distance between the reference positions of the collecting and distributing members 22, for example, the distance between the respective guide members 13. The guide member 13 of the collecting and dispersing member 22 has the same configuration as the guide member 13 of the radiator 10 (see FIG. 1(A)).

The direction changing member 25 is a member that changes the direction of the temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 into a flow that swirls in the circumferential direction of the sending cylinder 11, and functions as a swirling flow generating member. The direction changing member 25 has a receiving plate 26, a radial side wall plate 27, and a circumferential side wall plate 28. The receiving plate 26 is composed of a disc-shaped member. The diameter of the receiving plate 26 is preferably formed to be approximately the same as the inner diameter of the peripheral plate 14 of the guide member 13 (the diameter of the boundary portion between the peripheral plate 14 and the passage hole 16). The diameter of the receiving plate 26 is preferably equal to or larger than the inner diameter of the peripheral plate 14, and is calculated by adding half the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the peripheral plate 14 to the inner diameter of the peripheral plate 14 (inner diameter + (outer diameter - inner diameter) )/2) or less is preferable.

The radial wall plate 27 is provided on one surface of the receiving plate 26. The radial side wall plate 27 is sandwiched between the receiving plate 26 and the guide member 13. In this modification, the radial wall plate 27 is orthogonal to both the receiving plate 26 and the guide member 13, which are arranged parallel to each other. The distance between the receiving plate 26 and the guide member 13 (the height of the radial wall plate 27 from the receiving plate 26) is preferably about 5 mm to 30 mm, preferably about 10 mm to 20 mm. The radial side wall plate 27 extends from the centroid of the receiving plate 26 to the outer periphery of the receiving plate 26 while being curved. The degree of curvature of the radial side wall plate 27 is such that its radius of curvature is approximately 0.8 to 2.5 times, preferably approximately 1.5 to 2 times, the radius of the outer periphery of the guide member 13; It may be a degree. A plurality of radial side wall plates 27 are provided, and in this modification, four are arranged at equal intervals, but there may be three, or five or more. The plurality of radial side wall plates 27 are each curved in the same direction.

The circumferential wall plate 28 is connected to the outer circumferential tip of the radial wall plate 27 . The same number of peripheral side wall plates 28 as the diameter side wall plates 27 are provided. The circumferential wall plate 28 is formed at the same height as the radial side wall plate 27. The peripheral wall plate 28 is also placed between the receiving plate 26 and the guide member 13. The peripheral wall plate 28 is provided along the outer periphery of the receiving plate 26. The peripheral wall plate 28 has the same radius of curvature as the radius of the outer periphery of the receiving plate 26. The circumferential wall plate 28 extends in the direction in which the connected radial wall plate 27 is convex, and has a length that does not reach the adjacent radial wall plate 27. With this configuration, the outlet 29 is formed between the circumferential wall plate 28 and the adjacent radial wall plate 27 on the outer periphery of the receiving plate 26 . The length of the outlet 29 in the circumferential direction of the receiving plate 26 is about 1/4 to 2/3 times, or 1/3 to 1/2 the length of the peripheral wall plate 28 in the circumferential direction of the receiving plate 26. It may be about twice that.

The direction changing member 25 is provided so that the radial side wall plate 27 and the circumferential side wall plate 28 are in contact with the guide member 13 . Further, the direction changing member 25 is arranged such that the centroid of the receiving plate 26 and the centroid of the guide member 13 are located on a straight line (on the shaft rod 31). In the radiator 20 configured in this way, when the temperature-controlled air A is supplied, the temperature-controlled air A flows inside the feed cylinder 11 in a generally laminar flow. When the temperature-controlled air A flows through the sending cylinder 11 , the temperature-controlled air A transmits cold heat or heat held by the temperature-controlled air A to the sending cylinder 11 . When the temperature-controlled air A flowing inside the sending cylinder 11 reaches the position where the guide member 13 is disposed, the portion of the temperature-controlled air A flowing through the outer circumference in the axis-perpendicular cross section of the sending cylinder 11 is blocked by the peripheral plate 14. It then moves toward the center of the cross section (direction of the shaft 31). The temperature-controlled air A, which has been blocked by the peripheral plate 14 and has changed its flow direction toward the shaft rod 31, passes through the guide member 13 together with the temperature-controlled air A that was originally flowing inside the feed cylinder 11 (on the axis side). It passes through the hole 16 and reaches the downstream side of the guide member 13. The temperature-controlled air A that has passed through the guide member 13 collides with the receiving plate 26 and changes its flow direction toward the outer periphery of the receiving plate 26 . The temperature-controlled air A that collides with the receiving plate 26 and changes its flow direction toward the outer periphery from the centroid of the receiving plate 26 flows along the curve of the radial side wall plate 27 to become a swirling flow, and flows through the outlet 29. It flows out from the direction changing member 25 through the passageway and reaches the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11 . The temperature-controlled air A that has reached the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11 flows along the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11 with a component in the circumferential direction of the sending cylinder 11 because the swirling flow component remains. As a result, the time during which the temperature-controlled air A is in contact with the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11 becomes longer, so that more of the cold heat or heat held by the temperature-controlled air A is transferred to the sending cylinder 11. Temperature-adjusted air A flowing along the inner wall of the sending cylinder 11 with a circumferential component of the sending cylinder 11 also has an axial component of the sending cylinder 11, so it continues to flow toward the collecting and dispersing member 22 on the downstream side. The temperature-controlled air A that has passed one collecting and dispersing member 22 flows within the sending cylinder 11 toward the collecting and dispersing member 22 on the downstream side, and the above-mentioned action is repeated thereafter.

A concrete structure can be constructed by arranging a plurality of radiators 20 that act as described above in parallel on a virtual plane and covering them with concrete 51 (see FIG. 2). The concrete 51 may be poured at the site (the construction site of the building), or a concrete structure manufactured as precast concrete at a factory may be transported to the site. As described above, the concrete structure including the radiator 20 can be applied to a heating and cooling system similar to the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2). Further, a plurality of radiators 20 can be arranged in parallel on a virtual plane and covered with a reflecting plate 71 (see FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B)) to form a radiating unit. As described above, the radiation unit including the radiator 20 can be applied to a heating and cooling system similar to the heating and cooling system 200 (see FIG. 3(B)).

In the above description, the case where the concrete structure 50 is used for the floor (for the downstairs space, the ceiling) has been mentioned, but it may also be used for the wall. Furthermore, in the above description, the radiation unit 70 is installed on the ceiling of the space to be cooled and heated, but it may be installed on the wall.

In the above description, in the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2), it is assumed that the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 is open to the space where the return port 66 is exposed through the louver. However, in the heating and cooling system 100 (see FIG. 2), the return port 66 and the air conditioner 61 may be connected by the return duct 69 as in the heating and cooling system 200 (see FIG. 3B). On the other hand, in the air conditioning system 200 (see FIG. 3(B)), the return duct 66 of the collection duct 65 and the air conditioner 61 are connected through a return duct 69. However, in the air-conditioning system 200 (see FIG. 3(B)), the return duct 69 is not provided as in the air-conditioning system 100 (see FIG. 2), and the return port 66 of the collection duct 65 is connected to the return port 66 through the It may also be open to a space where the

10 Radiator 11 Sending cylinder 12 Collection member 13 Guide member 14 Peripheral plate 16 Passing hole 17 Direction changing member 18 Conical part 20 Radiator 22 Collection member 25 Direction changing member (swirling flow generation member)
26 Receiving plate 27 Diameter wall plate 35 Gap 50 Concrete structure 51 Concrete 61 Air conditioner 70 Radiation unit 71 Reflector plates 100, 200 Air conditioning system A Temperature-controlled air

Claims (8)

A sending cylinder through which a gaseous heat medium flows;
a collecting and dispersing member provided inside the sending cylinder and causing the heat medium flowing through the sending cylinder to flow along the inner wall of the sending cylinder,
The collecting and dispersing member includes a guide member and a direction changing member disposed on the downstream side of the guide member when viewed in the flow direction of the heat medium,
The guide member moves a portion of the heat medium flowing adjacent to the inner wall toward the axis of the sending cylinder,
The direction changing member changes the flow direction of the heat medium that has passed through the guide member to flow along the inner wall,
A plurality of the collecting and dispersing members are provided at intervals in the direction in which the axis extends,
radiant. The guide member has a peripheral plate that closes an inner peripheral edge of the sending cylinder in a cross section in a direction intersecting the axis, and a passage hole through which the heat medium can pass is formed inside the peripheral plate.
The radiator according to claim 1. The direction changing member is formed in the shape of a cone, and the apex of the cone is located on the upstream side in the flow direction of the heat medium, and the bottom of the cone and the inner wall of the sending tube are connected to each other. They are arranged so that a gap is formed between them.
The guide member and the direction changing member are arranged at a predetermined distance apart.
The radiator according to claim 1 or claim 2. The direction changing member is a swirling flow generating member that turns the heat medium that has passed through the guide member into a swirling flow that swirls in the circumferential direction of the sending cylinder in a cross section in a direction intersecting the axis.
The radiator according to claim 1 or claim 2. The swirling flow generating member includes a receiving plate whose surface expands in a direction intersecting the direction in which the axis extends, and is provided on a surface of the receiving plate opposite to the guide member and is erected toward the guide member. a side wall plate;
The side wall plate extends in a curved manner from the axis toward the inner wall.
The radiator according to claim 4. The radiator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Concrete covering the radiator;
concrete structure. The radiator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
a reflector plate disposed near the radiator, the reflector plate reflecting heat radiated from the radiator in a predetermined direction;
radiation unit. The concrete structure according to claim 6 or the radiant unit according to claim 7,
a temperature controller that adjusts the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the sending cylinder;
Heating and cooling system.