JP2023115602A - Concrete laying and leveling device and concrete laying and leveling method - Google Patents

Abstract

To suppress reduction in strength of concrete laid and leveled on a construction object road surface.SOLUTION: A concrete laying and leveling device 100 is provided with a frame 200, a traveling device 300 for traveling the frame 200, a first screed 400 and a second screed 500 attached to the frame 200, and a vibration device 600 attached to the first screed 400 positioned at the forefront in the traveling direction of the frame 200 out of the first screed 400 and the second screed 500. Here, the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 extend in the left-right direction concerning the traveling direction of the frame 200 and are disposed at positions separated from each other in the traveling direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a concrete spreading device and a concrete spreading method for spreading concrete evenly.

A concrete leveling device that spreads concrete on a road surface to be constructed spreads concrete on a road surface in one step with a screed extending in the left and right direction, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-62432 (Patent Document 1). ing. Here, in the concrete spreading and leveling device described in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the density of the concrete and improve the finish, the concrete is spread and leveled while operating the vibration device attached to the screed.

JP 2014-62432 A

By the way, concrete is produced by appropriately mixing mortar (cement) as a main component and aggregate (stone, crushed stone, sand, etc.). When such concrete is laid evenly on the road surface, the screed vibrates to increase the density of the concrete. However, excessive vibration causes the mortar component contained in the concrete to float excessively on the surface. If the concrete hardens in this state, a mortar layer is formed on the aggregate, reducing the strength and possibly making it impossible to obtain the required strength.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a concrete leveling device and a concrete leveling method capable of suppressing a decrease in the strength of concrete that is spread evenly over a road surface to be constructed.

A concrete leveling device includes a frame, a running device for running the frame, a plurality of screeds attached to the frame, and a vibrating device attached to the screed positioned at the forefront in the running direction of the frame. . Here, the plurality of screeds extend in the left-right direction with respect to the running direction of the frame and are arranged at separated positions in the running direction.

Further, in the concrete leveling method, the concrete leveling apparatus configured as described above is used to run the frame by means of a running device, and the vibrating device is attached to the screed positioned at the forefront of the frame in the running direction. After the concrete is spread evenly over the road surface to be constructed while operating the screed, the concrete is further spread evenly over the road surface to be constructed by another screed.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when concrete is spread evenly on the road surface to be constructed, it is possible to suppress the mortar component contained in the concrete from floating on the surface, thereby suppressing the decrease in the strength of the concrete.

It is a top view which shows an example of a concrete spreading|leveling apparatus. It is a front view which shows an example of a concrete leveling apparatus. It is a side view which shows an example of a concrete leveling apparatus. It is an enlarged view showing an example of a finishing iron. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the finishing iron is bent; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the finishing iron is unfolded; It is a flowchart which shows an example of the procedure which spreads concrete evenly. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the load acting on the finishing iron;

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
1 to 3 show an example of a concrete spreading device 100 that spreads concrete on a road surface to be constructed. The concrete that is spread evenly on the road surface to be constructed by the concrete spreading device 100 is produced by appropriately mixing mortar (cement) and aggregate (stone, crushed stone, sand, etc.) as main components, water, and some air bubbles. It is The concrete may include, for example, heat-resistant concrete used on road surfaces such as runways that are exposed to high temperatures.

The concrete spreading device 100 includes a frame 200, a traveling device 300 for traveling the frame 200 in one direction (upward in the example shown in FIG. 1), and a first screed 400 and a second screed 500 attached to the frame 200. and have. The first screed 400 and the second screed 500 extend in the left-right direction perpendicular to the running direction of the frame 200 . The first screed 400 is arranged in front of the second screed 500 with respect to the running direction of the frame 200 . Further, in addition to the above configuration, the concrete spreading device 100 is configured such that, of the first screed 400 and the second screed 500, the first screed 400 located foremost in the running direction of the frame 200 is spaced apart from the two screeds. It has two vibrating devices 600 mounted in position. Here, the number of the vibrating devices 600 attached to the first screed 400 is not limited to two, and any number of vibrating devices 600 may be used depending on the vibration characteristics, the width of the road surface to be constructed, and the like (the same shall apply hereinafter).

In addition, although the concrete spreading apparatus 100 described below includes two screeds, the first screed 400 and the second screed 500, it may include three or more screeds. In this case, the vibrating device 600 may be attached to the screed positioned at the forefront of the plurality of screeds in the running direction of the frame 200 .

The frame 200 is configured by appropriately joining a plurality of steel pipes, and includes a main frame 220 having a rectangular framework in plan view, and a sub-frame 240 attached to the main frame 220 so as to be vertically movable. is composed of

The main frame 220 includes four vertical members 222 whose material axes extend in the vertical direction, two first horizontal members 224 whose material axes extend in the horizontal direction, and two second horizontal members 224 whose material axes extend in the front-rear direction. A bridge member 226, two connection supports 228 whose material axes extend in the front-rear direction, four leg members 230 connected to the lower ends of the vertical members 222, two connection bars 232 whose material axes extend in the front-rear direction, It is configured including a plurality of, for example, five reinforcing members 234 whose material axes extend in the front-rear direction.

The vertical members 222 are composed of two steel pipes whose length can be arbitrarily changed, and are arranged at the four corners of a rectangular framework in plan view. The first horizontal member 224 is arranged so as to connect the two vertical members 222 arranged along the left-right direction at a predetermined position in the intermediate portion of the vertical member 222 . The second horizontal member 226 is arranged so as to connect the two vertical members 222 arranged along the front-rear direction at a predetermined position in the intermediate portion of the vertical member 222 . The connection support 228 is arranged at a predetermined position above the vertical members 222 so as to connect the two vertical members 222 arranged along the front-rear direction. The leg member 230 is a box-shaped steel member having a rectangular shape in a plan view with an open bottom surface, and is arranged at the lower end portion of the vertical member 222 with its long sides extending in the front-rear direction. The connecting bar 232 is arranged at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the leg member 230 so as to connect the two leg members 230 arranged along the front-rear direction. The reinforcing members 234 are arranged to connect two first horizontal members 224 arranged along the front-rear direction at a plurality of spaced predetermined locations of the first horizontal members 224 .

The sub-frame 240 includes a first member 242 whose material axis extends in the left-right direction, a second member 244 whose material axis extends in the left-right direction and has a slightly longer overall length than the first member 242, and a material axis which extends in the front-rear direction. A plurality of horizontal members 246 that connect the first member 242 and the second member 244 at a plurality of locations that are spaced apart from each other, and a material axis that extends obliquely to extend from one end of the first member 242 to the left and right. and an oblique member 248 connected to one end of a second member 244 protruding in the direction. Here, the first member 242 is arranged in front of the second member 244 with respect to the running direction of the frame 200 . In addition to the above structure, the sub-frame 240 is a rail member that is integrated with a second member 244 positioned behind the frame 200 in the running direction, and that enables the finishing iron 800, which will be described later, to slide in the left-right direction. 250 is provided.

The sub-frame 240 is horizontally and elastically suspended with respect to the main frame 220 via two suspending devices 260 each having a built-in spring, which are attached to the main frame 220 at two positions separated from each other. there is Here, the suspension device 260 is not limited to one that elastically suspends an object to be suspended by a spring. For example, an actuator composed of an electric motor and a reduction gear, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like can be used.

The traveling device 300 includes a crawler 320 arranged in the inner space of the leg member 230 of the frame 200, a traveling actuator 340 that drives the crawler 320, and a speed reducer 360 that reduces the rotational speed of the output shaft of the traveling actuator 340. is composed of Traveling actuator 340 is attached to a predetermined location of leg member 230 of frame 200 via speed reducer 360 . Note that the traveling device 300 is not limited to the crawler 320, and known means such as iron wheels and rubber wheels can also be used.

The first screed 400 and the second screed 500 are arranged laterally with respect to the sub-frame 240 via two supporting devices 700 (partially not shown) attached to the sub-frame 240 at two positions separated from each other. slidably mounted. In addition, the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 are reciprocated in the left-right direction in phases different from each other by a differential mechanism 720 attached to a predetermined portion of the subframe 240, for example, the first member 242. It's becoming Specifically, the differential mechanism 720 includes a differential actuator 722 such as an electric motor attached to the first member 242 of the subframe 240 and a speed reducer 724 that reduces the rotational speed of the output shaft of the differential actuator 722. , disc members 726 fixed to the output shafts protruding from both side surfaces of the speed reducer 724, the peripheral edges of the disc members 726, and predetermined locations on the upper surfaces of the first screed 400 and the second screed 500. and a connecting member 728 that connects so as to be relatively rotatable. Here, the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 reciprocate in the left-right direction in phases different from each other by appropriately varying the connecting points of the connecting members 728 with respect to the disk members 726 .

The vibrating device 600 incorporates, for example, an unbalanced weight that is rotated by an actuator such as an electric motor, and generates vibration of a predetermined frequency as it rotates. The vibration device 600 then transmits the vibration generated in this way to the concrete supplied to the road surface to be constructed through the first screed 400 .

In addition to the frame 200 , the traveling device 300 , the first screed 400 , the second screed 500 and the vibrating device 600 , the concrete leveling device 100 uses the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 to move the road surface to be constructed. A finishing trowel 800 is further provided for enhancing the flatness of the concrete spread over the surface.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the finishing trowel 800 is attached to the rail member 250 of the sub-frame 240 so as to be slidable in the lateral direction, which is the direction in which the rail member 250 extends. Specifically, the finishing iron 800 includes a support frame 810 having a rectangular shape in plan view, a hanging frame 820 attached to the tip of the support frame 810 so as to be relatively rotatable, and a hanging frame 820 attached to the lower end of the hanging frame 820. and a height adjustment mechanism 840 for adjusting the height of the iron 830 . Here, the support frame 810 and the hanging frame 820 are examples of the mounting frame.

A base end portion of the support frame 810 is attached to the sub-frame 240 in a cantilever manner via a pair of upper and lower rollers 812 that fix the upper and lower surfaces of the rail member 250 therebetween. An actuator 814 such as an electric motor is attached to the upper surface of the base end portion of the support frame 810 to generate a driving force for sliding the finishing iron 800 in the left-right direction with respect to the sub-frame 240 . A gear 816 that meshes with the rack 252 fixed to the upper surface of the sub-frame 240 is attached to the output shaft of the actuator 814 via a speed reducer (not shown). Therefore, when the actuator 814 is operated, the rotational speed of its output shaft is transmitted to the gear 816 while being decelerated by the speed reducer. You can slide it to the right.

The hanging frame 820 is attached to the tip of the support frame 810 so as to be relatively rotatable around a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction.

The trowel 830 includes a trowel body 832 for finishing the concrete spread evenly on the road surface to be constructed, a pair of brackets 834 extending upward from two positions spaced apart from the upper surface of the trowel body 832, and the pair of brackets 834. A linear first member 836 and a linear second member 838 are connected so as to be relatively rotatable about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction. The distal end portions of the first member 836 and the second member 838 are connected so as to be relatively rotatable about a rotating shaft extending in the left-right direction, and the connecting point is connected to the lower end portion of the hanging frame 820 . Therefore, the iron body 832 of the finishing iron 800 is fixed to the frame 200 so as to extend in the front-rear direction.

One of the pair of brackets 834 of the soldering iron 830 , for example, the lower end of the bracket 834 positioned in front is fixed to the upper surface of the soldering iron main body 832 so as not to move in the front-rear direction. On the other hand, the other of the pair of brackets 834 of the soldering iron 830 , for example, the lower end portion of the rear bracket 834 is fixed to the upper surface of the soldering iron main body 832 so as to be relatively displaceable in the front-rear direction. Therefore, when the distance between the connection point of the iron 830 with respect to the hanging frame 820 and the bottom surface of the iron body 832 changes, the rear bracket 834 is displaced with respect to the iron body 832, thereby causing the first member 836 and the second member 836 to move. The angle formed by the second member 838 changes, and it is possible to easily cope with the change in distance.

The height adjustment mechanism 840 includes a winch 842 attached to the tip of the support frame 810 , a link member 844 bent in a “V shape”, a weight 846 and rollers 848 . The bent portion of the link member 844 is rotatable relative to the support frame 810 about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction via a mounting bracket 818 protruding upward from the upper surface near the tip of the support frame 810. It is mounted with the bent portion positioned upward. A weight 846 is attached to one end of the link member 844, more specifically, to one end positioned forward so as to be relatively rotatable about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction. In addition, a roller 848 is attached to the other end of the link member 844, more specifically, to the other end located in the rear so as to be rotatable around a rotation shaft extending in the left-right direction. A free end of the wire 842A wound around the winch 842 is connected to a predetermined portion of the iron body 832 via the roller 848 of the link member 844. As shown in FIG.

Therefore, by operating the winch 842 to change the length of the wire 842A, the relative position of the iron body 832 with respect to the support frame 810 can be changed to adjust the height. At this time, as described above, the angle formed by the first member 836 and the second member 838 changes, and the change in the distance between the connection point of the iron 830 with respect to the hanging frame 820 and the bottom surface of the iron body 832 can be easily accommodated. can do.

In addition, at a predetermined location in the lower portion of the support frame 810 , a reciprocating motion that swings the hanging frame 820 in the front-rear direction with respect to the tip of the support frame 810 and reciprocates the iron 830 in the front-rear direction with respect to the sub-frame 240 is provided. Mechanism 850 is attached. The reciprocating mechanism 850 includes an actuator 852 such as an electric motor that generates a rotational driving force, a speed reducer 854 that reduces the rotational speed of the output shaft of the actuator 852 and changes its rotational direction by 90°, and the speed reducer 854. a disk member 856 fixed to the output shaft; a connecting rod 858 that connects a prescribed portion of the peripheral edge of the disk member 856 and the intermediate portion of the hanging frame 820 so as to be relatively rotatable about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction; is composed of

Therefore, when the actuator 852 is operated, the rotational driving force of the rotary shaft is transmitted to the disc member 856 via the speed reducer 854, and the disc member 856 rotates around the rotary shaft extending in the left-right direction. When the disk member 856 rotates, the position of the connecting rod 858 in the front-rear direction changes, causing the hanging frame 820 to swing in the front-rear direction over a predetermined angle with respect to the tip portion of the support frame 810 . As a result, the position of the trowel 830 relative to the support frame 810 changes in the front-rear direction, and the concrete within the range exceeding the full length of the trowel main body 832 can be finished. At this time, even if the position of the iron 830 with respect to the support frame 810 changes in the front-rear direction, the connection angle between the first member 836 and the second member 838 with respect to the lower end of the hanging frame 820 changes. The back-and-forth motion can prevent the trowel main body 832 from being separated from the surface of the concrete or being pressed more than necessary.

By the way, since the finishing trowel 800 vertically extends rearward from the sub-frame 240 of the frame 200, there is a possibility that, for example, transportation of the concrete spreading device 100 will be hindered. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, a well-known link mechanism or the like may be used so that the finishing iron 800 can be bent parallel to the sub-frame 240 . In this way, by bending the finishing trowel 800 when transferring the concrete leveling apparatus 100, the length of the finishing trowel 800 protruding rearward from the sub-frame 240 is shortened. can be loaded. In addition, when the transfer of the concrete spreading device 100 is completed, as shown in FIG.

Further, at predetermined locations on the frame 200, a generator (not shown) that supplies drive current to the travel actuator 340 of the travel device 300, the vibration device 600, the differential actuator 722, and the actuators 814 and 852 of the finishing iron 800, A control panel (not shown) for controlling these operations is also attached. By appropriately operating a switch or the like attached to the control panel, various actuators, the vibrating device 600, and the like are operated, and the functions for achieving the desired purpose are exhibited. In addition, the generator may be installed outside the concrete spreading device 100 . In addition, various actuators and the vibration device 600 may be supplied with drive current from a commercial power source installed outside, not limited to a generator.

Next, an example of a method of spreading concrete evenly on a road surface to be constructed using such a concrete spreading apparatus 100 will be described. FIG. 7 shows a flow chart showing a procedure for spreading concrete evenly. It should be noted that the procedure shown in FIG. 7 is not limited to the order shown in the figure, and can be changed as appropriate within the limit that the concrete can be spread evenly.

In step 10 (abbreviated as "S10" in FIG. 7, the same applies hereinafter), the worker or the like continuously arranges reinforcing bars in the vertical direction on the construction target road surface.

In step 11, a worker or the like installs the concrete leveling device 100 at the end of the road surface to be constructed where the reinforcing bars are arranged.

In step 12, a worker or the like uses, for example, a backhoe or the like to place a pre-hardening surface on the road surface to be constructed on which the reinforcing bars are arranged and which is positioned in front of the running direction of the concrete leveling apparatus 100. Start supplying concrete. At this time, the worker or the like may further spread the supplied concrete on the construction target road surface.

In step 13, an operator or the like operates the concrete spreading device 100 to run the concrete spreading device 100 while activating various actuators.

In this way, the concrete supplied to the road surface to be constructed is spread in the left-right direction by the reciprocation of the first screed 400 positioned at the forefront in the running direction of the concrete spreading device 100 in the left-right direction. . By passing the first screed 400 over the surface of the concrete spread in this way, the spread thickness of the concrete can be brought closer to the target thickness to some extent. At this time, since the first screed 400 is vibrated by the vibrating device 600, the aggregate contained in the concrete can be firmly pressed and the density of the concrete can be increased. In addition, since the first screed 400 does not completely level the concrete, there is no need to increase the vibration by the vibrator 600, and the mortar component floats on the surface of the concrete, reducing its strength. can be suppressed.

The concrete spread by the first screed 400 is further spread by the second screed 500 positioned behind it and reciprocating in the horizontal direction. At this time, both ends of the second screed 500 move while rubbing the upper surface of the formwork (not shown) that defines the leveling height of the concrete, thereby increasing the leveling height of the concrete to the target height. can get even closer. Further, since the second screed 500 does not vibrate due to the vibrating device 600, the concrete does not vibrate excessively, and there is almost no concern that the mortar component contained in the concrete will float on the surface.

The concrete spread evenly on the road surface to be constructed by the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 is finished by reciprocating the finishing trowel 800 located behind them in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. At this time, since the first member 836 and the second member 838 of the iron 830 are rotatable relative to the hanging frame 820, as shown in FIG. The load directed outward along the first member 836 and the second member 838 . Therefore, transmission of an excessive load from the iron body 832 to the concrete is avoided, and loss of flatness of the paved concrete surface is suppressed.

It should be noted that a person skilled in the art can omit some of the technical ideas of the above embodiments, appropriately combine some of them, or replace some of them with well-known techniques to create new implementations. You can easily understand that you can create forms.

As an example, the frame 200 of the concrete spreading and leveling device 100 is not limited to the configuration described above, and may have any configuration capable of exhibiting the required functions. In addition, the frame 200 of the concrete spreading device 100 may be provided with a mechanism capable of arbitrarily adjusting the width in the left-right direction so as to be able to cope with construction target road surfaces having different construction widths.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 concrete spreading device 200 frame 220 main frame 240 sub-frame 250 rail member 252 rack 300 traveling device 400 first screed 500 second screed 600 vibration device 720 differential mechanism 800 finishing trowel 810 support frame (mounting frame)
812 Roller 814 Actuator 816 Gear 820 Hanging frame (mounting frame)
832 Iron body 834 Bracket 836 First member 838 Second member 850 Reciprocating mechanism

Claims (6)

a frame;
a running device for running the frame;
a plurality of screeds extending in the lateral direction with respect to the running direction of the frame and arranged at positions spaced apart in the running direction and attached to the frame;
a vibrating device attached to a screed located at the foremost position in the running direction of the frame;
Concrete leveling device with The plurality of screeds reciprocate in the left-right direction with phases different from each other,
The concrete spreading and leveling device according to claim 1. Behind the plurality of screeds, a finishing trowel is attached that extends parallel to the running direction of the frame and reciprocates in the horizontal direction with respect to the running direction of the frame.
The concrete spreading and leveling device according to claim 1 or 2. The finishing trowel further reciprocates in parallel with the running direction of the frame,
The concrete spreading and leveling device according to claim 3. The finishing iron is
a soldering iron body extending parallel to the running direction of the frame;
a pair of brackets extending upward from two positions spaced apart in the extension direction of the iron body on the upper surface of the iron body;
a first member relatively rotatably connected to one of the pair of brackets;
a second member relatively rotatably connected to the other of the pair of brackets;
While connecting one end of the first member and one end of the second member so as to be relatively rotatable, the soldering iron is connected via the first member, the second member, and the pair of brackets. a mounting frame for mounting the main body to the frame;
with
One of the pair of brackets is slidable within a predetermined range in the extending direction of the iron body,
The concrete spreading and leveling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Using the concrete spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the frame is run by the running device, and attached to the screed located at the forefront in the running direction of the frame. A concrete leveling method in which concrete is spread evenly over a road surface to be constructed while operating a vibrating device, and then the concrete is further spread evenly over the road surface to be constructed by another screed.