JP2023104820A - Energy generation system using waste - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a system and a method for converting inorganic and organic materials having been discarded to date to energy, and mainly generating electricity and producing a large amount of hydrogen at a low cost.SOLUTION: There is provided a system that combines a combustion furnace, sewage disposal and biomass processing to utilize waste heat of the combustion furnace according to the level of waste-heat temperature, for generating power, producing hydrogen, producing methane from biomass and producing hydrogen from biomass. After high temperature waste heat of 1000°C or higher generated by combusting waste is used as a heat source of hydrogen production and thermal power generation, methane is produced from biomass using the residual heat, and the methane is used as a raw material for producing hydrogen using the waste heat of the combustion furnace. A harmful substance generated in these processes, such as NOX, is removed by treating it with water. Energy can be obtained by efficiently extracting potential energy of waste from waste traditionally consuming energy for its disposal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Until now, there has been no energy creation system that considers the realization of total zero emissions from incinerators, sewage treatment plants, and biomass, and thermal energy, including plastics, has not been utilized. Therefore, environmental pollution has become global scale. The system to be applied for this time is a system that converts waste, which can be said to be a vein that has been overlooked since the industrial revolution, into energy, and realizes environmental reform as a profit-seeking and sustainable industry.

Incinerators are currently treated in a temperature range of 950 to 1000° C. because they are incinerated in consideration of dioxins, NOX, and SOX. Therefore, large amounts of plastic cannot be incinerated. Therefore, a secondary furnace is installed, and it is possible to raise the temperature up to 1500 ° C with waste such as plastic. Waste plastics (including chemical fibers) are used as fuel. Calorie control utilizes HHO gas. When converting water into hydrogen, oxygen is used in the secondary furnace.

Energy is created by using heat calories in stages from the waste heat of 1500°C in the secondary furnace.
Normal temperature to 1500°C is also possible with waste only (*)
(1) Flow of 1500-1000°C heat utilization ・Dust collection room Collect non-combustible garbage contained in waste heat. Siphon method and filter method are used.
・Bricks are made using the zeolite used in the final exhaust process using 6 to 10 divided kiln chambers. Divided chambers are considered for preparation, preheating, heating, cooling, take-out, and divided chambers corresponding to the production volume.
• Thermal power generation The electrical energy produced is used to turn water into hydrogen. (Electricity can also be sold)
* Current thermal power generation uses condensers to improve turbine efficiency.
Currently, the condenser is cooled by using seawater.
Condenser cooling is used as a heat source for biomass heating instead of seawater.
Therefore, the heat used for biomass is the waste heat of the incinerator and the cooling heat of the condenser, so sufficient methane can be generated (see Fig. 2).
(2) 1000 to 800°C
・Produce hydrogen using the SDFC method.
(3) 800 to 600°C
・Semiconductor power generation (Zebeck effect).
(4) 600 to 250°C
・MCFC method (car sword power generation).
(5) 250 to 50°C
・PAFC, PEFC (thermoelectric conversion module).
* By using the thermal calories of the temperature system (2) to (5), hydrogen production is prioritized over methane.
(6) All the heat below (5) is used for methane generation in biomass.
*Nanofiber production is also considered in the steam temperature regime.
Use for high productivity.

Biomass (methane generation biomass using microorganisms).
In order to efficiently generate methane, the waste energy of incinerator waste heat is used as biomass. The temperature system is used from 30 to 80°C, and the process is performed using Patent No. 4786038.
Organic matter used in biomass (1) Use all organic matter in the sewage treatment plant.
(2) Garbage, livestock manure, fish scraps, agricultural residue, livestock carcasses, grasses, rice bran, industrial waste organic matter, and the like.
* Use all organic substances that generate methane.
(3) All methane is produced using incinerator waste heat to produce hydrogen.
(4) To remove heavy metals from the organic sludge from the sewage treatment plant, which has already generated methane.
Electric removal method and bio-bacteria removal method are used. Sludge after heavy metal removal is used as organic fertilizer.

The sewage treatment plant will be operated as it is now, and the collected waste will be sent to biomass. After methane is generated, the contaminated water is sent from the biomass to the sewage treatment plant.
(Clarify the role of biomass that is currently being processed by the public sector and that of private companies that are using biomass as fertilizer after generating methane and removing heavy metals).
A system for raising the temperature of biomass is sufficiently possible with exhaust heat including final exhaust heat, NOX, SOX, etc., and heat during cooling of the condenser.

[In harmony with the laws of nature]
The above themes are specific ideas for human beings to harmonize with civilization, protect the natural environment, and achieve recycling-oriented industrial activities.
It is the realization of SDGs, carbon neutrality, and zero emissions.
[Technical idea]
Since the incinerator does not generate NOX and SOX, treat at 1000℃ or less.
(Since 400-600°C generates dioxin, combustion is performed at 900-1000°C. This will be used effectively).
1000°C waste heat is heated up to 1500°C using a secondary furnace, and power generation efficiency,
and hydrogen production through stepwise energy utilization.
Even in power generation, seawater is used to cool condensers and waste heat is not effectively utilized, but biomass is utilized as an energy source for the generation of large amounts of methane.
(Use the cooling control water tank plan) (See drawing 2)
From power generation to biomass (1500 to 30°C), we use patent 4786038, which makes it possible to treat NOX and SOX by room temperature water treatment, and treat it at low cost.
A zeolite tank is used for the final exhaust based on Patent No. 4786038, but the zeolite after use is made into bricks in the combustion chamber and used in the dust collection chamber.
[Creativity]
By combining sewage treatment plants and biomass after incineration, this system maximizes the use of energy, prevents global warming by reducing _CO2 emissions, and prevents marine pollution from plastic waste. It is a project that no one has ever attempted before, turning all inorganic waste into energy, industrializing veins, and realizing a hydrogen society.
[Advanced]
It is a project that mankind has never adopted before and that is essential for the maintenance of advanced civilizations. This will lead to the realization of a global environment that is not polluted by waste. Production without chasing negatives is advanced. (Mankind has exploited advanced things when they found them, but it is thought that this case will not be exploited).
It is a system in which all human beings participate.
Advanced is what all mankind is looking for and a problem to solve.

1. Combining incinerators, sewage treatment plants, and biomass makes it possible to mass-produce electricity and hydrogen at low cost.
2. It will be a solution to global environmental pollution that is currently required.
We can realize SDGs, carbon neutrality, and zero emissions.
3. As an energy source, all organic and inorganic wastes will become, so to speak, an industrialized vein and become a profit-seeking industry.
4. Considering that there are more than 1,000 incinerators in Japan, energy companies including regional revitalization will be created, and Japan will become a resource-producing country.
[Benefits of invention]
1. Realization of a society that is in harmony with the circulation system that exists in the natural world.
2. Building a recycling-oriented society that efficiently uses negative energy.
3. Build a fuel cell society using thermal power generation, SOFC, MCFC, PAFC, PAFC, and PEFC by burning the incinerator in operation at high temperature or constructing a secondary furnace for high temperature incineration.
4. Building a hydrogen society through hydrogen production.
5. Fuel production bases can be established all over the country, and a labor decentralized society can be constructed.
Separation work, collection of unused resources such as thinned wood and weeds, industrial complex work and management. Production of organic fertilizer after bio-treatment. Collect waste plastic and process it into powder. Removal and cleaning of landfilled plastics. manure. Collecting fish husks. Work to recover all other energy sources, etc.
6.Because the country, industry, academia, the government, and the private sector will participate, it will be a production activity that is closely related to daily life.
7. Removes NOX and SOX at room temperature with CO2 reduction and low cost. Contribute to the global environment.
8. Suppression of soaring fossil fuel prices.
It becomes a global warming suppression effect.
9. Production of tiles and blocks by a distributed type continuous operation firing kiln using high heat. (Using gypsum from SOX processing. Utilizing used zeolite as well).
10. Adopt a disposer in each household to increase the amount of all organic matter accumulated in the sewage treatment plant that flows into biomass. Also, the amount of incinerated garbage with a high moisture content is reduced.
11. By making it possible for anyone to participate in this planning through public recruitment and fair examination, the awareness of the whole nation will be raised and new industries will be created.
12. Less discharge loss due to electricity production in the consumption area.
13. It is most suitable for the conditions of regional revitalization set by the government.
1) Permanent new industry 2) It is required to be an attractive industry where young people make a U-turn from the city, and it is suitable for it.
14. The success of this plan can be expected to create a new industry that can be applied to companies that currently use thermal energy.
15. In order to improve the efficiency of thermal power generation, the waste heat from the combustion furnace is raised to 1500°C using a secondary furnace, resulting in NOX and SOX (NOX > SOX due to the high temperature), which is advantageous at the time of water treatment.
16. Hydrogen production and condensate use can also be used for biomass energy in current thermal power plants.
17. This system will make SDGs, carbon neutral, and zero emissions a reality, and will create a profit-seeking industry with veins (waste).

1, Sewage treatment plant ・Kitchens, toilets, waste from households.・Using a disposer to maximize the use of sewage pipes.・Send the collected organic matter to biomass. 2, Waste combustion furnace ◎ Incinerator (1000°C or less).・Home garbage, garden garbage, wood chips, etc.・All burnable garbage (as is). 3. Waste incineration furnace ◎Secondary furnace (1500°C).・Plastics, homes, offices, factories. • Textile waste compounds.・Waste oil. - HHO and Oxygen (O separated H2 from water). 4. Thermal power generation (1,500-1,000°C) ・Used as energy for producing hydrogen from water by generating power in the temperature range of 1,500-1,000°C exhaust heat from waste combustion furnaces. *Electricity can also be sold.・Although the condenser cools seawater, all biomass is used as methane generation energy. 5. Hydrogen production ・Creation of energy required for 1000-50℃ temperature system.・Because the production of hydrogen from methane requires thermal energy, this temperature range is preferentially used for hydrogen production.・Others produce electrical energy.・Thermal power generation 1500-1000℃.・SOFC 1000 to 800°C.・Semiconductor power generation 800-600℃.・MCFC (anode cathode) 600 to 250°C. * Make hydrogen from water with electric energy.・PAFC, PEFC 250-50°C.・50°C or less. to biomass. 6. Biomass and methane generation.・Methane is used for hydrogen production.・Exhaust heat below 30°C is treated with water (clean exhaust system patent 4786038). - Garbage from sewage treatment plants.・Livestock manure, fish husks, agricultural residue, livestock carcasses, plants, rice bran, organic industrial waste.・Methane all organic matter. 7. Removal of heavy metals ・Electricity and anaerobic bacteria are used to remove used organic matter that generates methane.・Use organic matter after removing heavy metals as organic fertilizer. *(Organic matter from sewage treatment plants only). 8. Organic Fertilizer ・Sold as crops such as rice fields and fields.・All used methane-producing dung, fish husks, agricultural residue, and carcasses will be sold as organic fertilizer. 9. Water treatment ・Completely removes NOX and SOX and uses patent 4786038 for clean exhaust.・NOX and SOX manufacture nitric acid and artificial marble. Sub-condenser 1. Since the sub-condenser cools the condensate to normal temperature, seawater is currently used, but this equipment adopts a method of cooling with biomass. Cooling control is performed to send stable cooling water to the power generation condenser. 2. The secondary condenser uses a radiator.

Claims (3)

The incinerator, sewage treatment plant, and biomass are combined, and the exhaust heat from the incinerator is used to generate electricity and produce hydrogen in a stepwise temperature system. All organic waste from sewage treatment plants is sent to biomass to produce methane, which is used as a raw material for hydrogen production. The heat source for methane generation uses waste heat from the incinerator, condenser, and cooling heat. The final exhaust heat (normal temperature) of the incinerator is treated with water using patent 4786038 for NOX, SOX, etc. which are harmful substances.