JP2023095727A - wiper device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a wiper device capable of exhibiting greater wiping property than before.SOLUTION: A wiper device for a windshield comprises a wiper arm, and a wiper blade fitted to the wiper arm. The wiper blade comprises a blade rubber and a blade stay for supporting the blade rubber. The blade rubber has; a base part being a fitting part to the blade stay of the blade rubber; a lip part; and a neck part for oscillatably coupling the lip part to the base part. At least a part of a tip of the lip part forms a contact part with the windshield, the wiper arm is brought into contact with a glass flat plate and is moved. In a state of stopping the wiper arm, a width of the contact part of the blade rubber and the glass flat plate is 1.0 μm or more and 20.0 μm or less, and an angle θ formed by a specific position of the lip part and the glass flat plate is 20° or more and 80° or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates to a wiper device for wiping the surface of a windshield of a vehicle or the like.

2. Description of the Related Art Automobiles, trains, ships, aircraft, and the like are equipped with a cleaning member for wiping off water droplets, dirt, etc. adhering to glass surfaces such as windshields and rear windshields to secure the operator's field of vision.
Among these cleaning members, wiper blades having wiper blade rubber provided on the portion that contacts the glass surface are well known. As the wiper blade rubber moves in close contact with the glass surface, it is possible to wipe away water droplets and the like adhering to the glass surface. From the viewpoint of ensuring good visibility for the operator, wiper blades that are excellent in wiping properties that can sufficiently wipe off water droplets, stains, and the like from glass surfaces are desired.

Patent Document 1 discloses a wiper blade including a base portion, a neck portion, and a lip portion, the lip portion having a constant gap from the surface of the base portion and a constant width in the wiping direction, and Disclosed is a wiper device having a lip tip portion that slides on the surface of a windshield panel, and provided with a means to set the angle θ between the windshield panel and the lip portion during wiping movement to 30°≦θ≦55°. ing.

JP-A-07-246916

As disclosed in Patent Document 1, even when the contact angle between the lip of the wiper blade and the surface of the member to be cleaned is controlled to 30 to 50 degrees, the thickness of the water film after wiping is In some cases, it was not stable, or uneven wiping occurred.
One aspect of the present disclosure is directed to providing a wiper device capable of exhibiting higher wiping performance than ever before.

One aspect of the present disclosure is a windshield wiper device comprising:
The wiper device comprises a wiper arm and a wiper blade attached to the wiper arm,
The wiper blade has a blade rubber and a blade stay that supports the blade rubber,
The blade rubber has a base portion, which is an attachment portion of the blade rubber to the blade stay, a lip portion, and a neck portion which pivotally connects the lip portion to the base portion,
at least a portion of the tip of the lip portion forms a contact portion with the windshield;
With the arm pressing force of the wiper arm set to 18 N/m, the lip portion of the wiper blade is brought into contact with the first surface of the glass plate, and the wiper blade is moved at a speed of 1.65 m/sec to remove the glass plate. In the A direction from the first point P1 to the second point P2 on the first surface, the blade rubber is moved 50 cm in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber and stopped.
The contact portion between the lip portion and the glass plate is observed from the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the glass plate, and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber of the contact portion is observed. When the width is the contact width A, the contact width A is 1.0 μm or more and 20.0 μm or less, and
When the blade rubber was observed from the longitudinal side of the blade rubber using an optical microscope at a magnification of 200 times,
In the contact portion between the lip portion and the glass flat plate, the farthest portion from the P1 is defined as a point Q1, and at a position 200 μm from the point Q1 toward the A direction, the first surface of the glass flat plate When a perpendicular line is drawn against the glass flat plate and the first intersection point of the perpendicular line with the lip portion is a point Q2, the angle formed by the straight line connecting the point Q1 and the point Q2 and the first surface of the glass flat plate It is intended for a wiper device in which θ is 20° or more and 80° or less.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a wiper device capable of exhibiting higher wiping performance than ever before.

Example of contact between conventional wiper blade and member to be cleaned Schematic diagram of wiper device Schematic diagram of a cross section of a wiper blade FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are explanatory diagrams showing the state during the cleaning process of the blade rubber. Diagram explaining the contact/movement test of the wiper device Diagram explaining the angle of the tip of the blade rubber Enlarged view near the first edge Enlarged view near the first line segment Enlarged view of the vicinity of the observation area 12 with P0 as the center of gravity Schematic diagram of the testing machine Explanatory drawing of wiping performance test Schematic diagram of the vicinity of the contact portion of the wiper blade with the member to be cleaned FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of contact width A and contact width B in the present disclosure;

In the present disclosure, the descriptions of “XX or more and YY or less” or “XX to YY” representing numerical ranges mean numerical ranges including the lower and upper limits, which are endpoints, unless otherwise specified. When numerical ranges are stated stepwise, the upper and lower limits of each numerical range can be combined arbitrarily.

The present inventors observed in more detail how the wiper blade according to Patent Document 1 wiped the surface of the windshield. In particular, a microscopic observation was made of the contact portion of the lip of the wiper blade with the windshield.
As a result, the extreme tip portion of the lip portion of the wiper blade was curved due to friction with the surface of the glass 101 (hereinafter also referred to as "glass surface"). As shown in FIG. 1, when the wiper blade is moved in the traveling direction P, the contact angle θp of the tip portion of the lip with the glass is smaller than the angle defined in Patent Document 1. In addition, the tip portion of the lip is stretched by friction with the glass surface, and the width of the contact portion between the tip portion and the glass surface (nip width) is also increased.

Therefore, it is considered that the pressure (see arrow A) that presses the wiper blade against the glass surface is not as high as intended. In addition, since the contact angle of the tip portion of the lip is small, as shown in FIG. A force is applied in a lifting direction B from the glass surface. As a result, it is believed that the contact pressure of the wiper blade is weakened. These phenomena are considered to cause uneven wiping in the wiper blade.
Based on these findings, it is recognized that in order to further improve the wiping performance, it is necessary to control the contact state of the extreme tip portion of the blade with the surface of the member to be cleaned, which has not been discussed so far. I got

<Configuration of Wiper Blade for Vehicle>
A wiper device according to an aspect of the present disclosure can be used for equipment such as vehicles typified by automobiles, transportation equipment such as airplanes and ships, and industrial equipment such as construction equipment. These transport equipment and industrial machinery are collectively called vehicles. The present disclosure relates to a vehicle windshield wiper device. The windshield is not limited to the front window, and includes side windows and rear windows.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the wiper system comprises a wiper arm 300 and a wiper blade 200 attached to the wiper arm 300 . The wiper blade 200 has a blade rubber 100 and a blade stay 210 supporting the blade rubber 100 .

The blade rubber 100, as shown in FIG. , The wiper blade is formed to have a substantially uniform cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction.
In a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wiper blade, the lip portion 3 has a shoulder portion 31 extending laterally from the neck portion at the neck portion side end portion of the lip portion 3 . Further, the wiper blade may have a tapered portion 4 whose width gradually decreases in the direction away from the base portion 1 from the side close to the base portion 1 for the stability of the contact posture of the wiper blade. Also, the degree of gradual reduction of the width of the taper portion 4 may be changed stepwise. For example, the lip portion 3 may have a lip tip portion in which the width of the tapered portion tapers to a lesser extent on the side of the lip portion closer to the tip remote from the base portion 1 . Also, the tip of the lip may have a portion with the same or substantially the same width from the side near the base 1 toward the tip. The wiper blade shown in FIG. 3 has a plate-like portion connected to the tapered portion 4 on the tip side of the lip portion 3 .

The wiper device cleans the surface of a member to be cleaned, such as a glass surface, by bringing at least a portion of the tip of the lip portion 3 into contact with the surface of the windshield, which is the member to be cleaned. As a result, at least a portion of the tip of the lip portion 3 forms a contact portion with the windshield.
For example, the width of the neck portion 2 may be narrower than that of the base portion 1 and the lip portion 3 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wiper blade. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the lip portion 3 is inclined in the wiping direction, and one side of the lip portion 3 connected to the tapered portion, that is, the side surface 5 or the side surface 6 is inclined. At least part of the tip contacts the surface of the member to be cleaned.

FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are explanatory diagrams showing states during the cleaning process of the wiper blade.
In FIG. 4( a ) the lip 3 of the wiper blade has said taper 4 . In addition, the lip portion 3 includes a first side surface 5 continuing from the taper portion 4, a second side surface 6 opposite to the first side surface 5, the first side surface 5 and the second side surface 6, A tip surface 7 forming a first edge 8 and a second edge 9 is provided on the farthest side from the base portion 1 of the lip portion 3 (the first edge, the second edge and the tip surface are shown in the figure). 3 and FIG. 7).
In FIG. 4(b), the lip portion 3 of the wiper blade has a second side surface 6 continuing from the tapered portion 4 in contact with the member to be cleaned 10, and a first side surface 5 opposite to the second side surface 6. , the first
along with the side surface 5 and the second side surface 6 of the lip portion 3, a tip surface 7 that forms a first edge 8 and a second edge 9 on the farthest side (tip side) from the base portion 1 of the lip portion 3 (See FIGS. 3 and 7 for first edge, second edge and tip face).
Arrow R indicates the cleaning direction of the wiper blade. By reversing the direction of cleaning from the direction of arrow R in FIG. 4A to the direction of arrow R in FIG. , to the tip on the second side 6 side.

In the present disclosure, the state of contact between the member to be cleaned and the wiper device is observed under the following conditions. An overview is shown in FIG. First, the arm pressing force of the wiper arm is set to 18 N/m, and the lip portion of the wiper blade is brought into contact with the first surface of the flat glass plate. Then, the wiper blade is moved at a speed of 1.65 m / sec in the A direction from the first point P1 to the second point P2 on the first surface of the glass plate, 50 cm in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber. Observe while moving and stopping.
The arm pressing force of 18 N/m is the highest pressing force per blade length under the test conditions specified in JIS D 5710:1998. Therefore, the lip portion is particularly strongly pressed by the wiping, so that the contact angle tends to be small and the contact width tends to be large. In addition, the speed of 1.65 m/sec is equivalent to the intermediate speed among the speeds measured at the center of the wiper blade (JIS D 5710: M zone in 1998) of actual automobiles distributed in Japan. It is something to do.

The contact portion between the lip portion and the glass plate is observed from the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the glass plate, and the width of the contact portion in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber is the contact width A , the contact width A is 1.0 μm or more and 20.0 μm or less (see FIG. 13).
When the contact width A is within the above range, the wiper blade according to the present disclosure can be excellent in the wiping performance of the surface to be cleaned. That is, the contact width A of 1.0 μm or more can further stabilize the contact of the tip of the lip portion 3 with the surface to be cleaned. Further, since the contact width A is 20.0 μm or less, the unit area of the contact portion is A high contact pressure per hit can be maintained, and the occurrence of uneven wiping can be prevented.
On the other hand, if the contact width A exceeds 20.0 μm, the contact pressure per unit area of the contact portion becomes small, and the blade is likely to be affected by the force in the direction of lifting the blade due to water. As a result, the water tends to leak downstream in the wiping direction. The contact width A is preferably 1.1 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, more preferably 1.2 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less, still more preferably 1.2 μm or more and 6.5 μm or less, and even more preferably. is 1.2 μm or more and 5.0 μm or less.

The standard deviation of the contact width A is preferably 6.00 μm or less, more preferably 4.00 μm or less, even more preferably 2.00 μm or less, and even more preferably 1.00 μm or less. , and particularly preferably 0.80 μm or less. The standard deviation of the contact width A is preferably as small as possible, and although the lower limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.00 μm or more and 0.10 μm or more.

Further, the contact width B defined as follows is preferably 1.0 μm to 20.0 μm, more preferably 1.0 μm to 15.0 μm. Even more preferably, it is 1.0 μm to 10.0 μm.
That is, the arm pressing force of the wiper arm is set to 10 N/m, and the lip portion of the wiper blade is brought into contact with the first surface of the flat glass plate. Then, the wiper blade is moved at a speed of 1.65 m / sec in the A direction from the first point P1 to the second point P2 on the first surface of the glass plate in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber. 50 cm and stop. In the stopped state, when the contact portion between the lip portion and the glass plate is observed from the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the glass plate, the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber at the contact portion is the contact width B.

From the contact width A and the contact width B, the load dependence of the contact width can be calculated by the following formula (A).
Contact width load dependence (μm/(N/m))
= (contact width A (μm)−contact width B (μm))/(load 18 (N/m)−load 10 (N/m)) (A)

The load dependence of the contact width calculated by the above formula (A) is preferably as small as possible. is more preferably 0.02 μm to 0.30 μm, and even more preferably 0.02 μm to 0.10 μm. Depending on the shape of the surface to be cleaned and the state of the force transmitted from the wiper arm to the tip lip portion of the blade rubber, the contact state of the wiper blade with respect to the surface to be cleaned may cause unevenness in the force applied in the longitudinal direction. By suppressing the load dependency of the contact width within the above range, it is possible to exhibit stable wiping performance over the length.
Since the load dependence of the contact width is caused by the deformation of the micro region with respect to the load, it can be controlled by controlling the elastic modulus of the micro region described below.

The contact width A and the load dependence of the contact width are predominantly affected by deformation in a microscopic region near the contact portion with the member to be cleaned. A high wiping performance is exhibited by suppressing deformation of the tip of the lip portion against the pressing force transmitted from the wiper arm 300 to the base portion 1 and wiping with a narrow contact width.
As means for making the contact width A and the load dependency of the contact width within the above ranges, for example, it is effective to increase the elastic modulus of the blade rubber, particularly the lip portion 3, in the micro region. By increasing the elastic modulus of the micro region of the blade rubber, the deformation of the tip of the lip portion 3 against the contact force can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to prevent the tip of the lip portion from being stretched due to friction with the surface to be cleaned. As a result, in the wiping step, it is possible to suppress the widening of the contact width of the lip portion with the surface to be cleaned. On the other hand, if the microscopic elastic modulus of the blade rubber is low, the contact width may suddenly widen due to deformation due to pressing force and elongation of the tip of the lip portion due to friction with the surface to be cleaned during wiping.

Elastic moduli in the micro region include elastic moduli (hereinafter also simply referred to as "elastic moduli") that can be measured with a scanning probe microscope (hereinafter referred to as SPM). In order to control the contact width A within an appropriate range, it is preferable to set the elastic modulus of the micro region within the range of 15.0 to 470.0 MPa. The elastic modulus of the micro region by this SPM will be described in detail later.
Means for increasing the elastic modulus include, for example, increasing the crosslink density and adding a reinforcing additive. In particular, when urethane resin is used as a constituent material of blade rubber, the characteristics of block copolymers consisting of hard and soft segments, which will be described later, can be utilized by using polyfunctional isocyanates and polyfunctional polyols and by selecting catalysts. However, by designing the crosslinked structure, the elastic modulus of the micro region can be controlled within the above range. As a result, the contact width can be controlled within an appropriate range, which is preferable.

Further, it is preferable that the contact width in the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber is made uniform, and the standard deviation of the contact width A is within the above range. Due to the high uniformity of the contact width A, it is possible to perform wiping without leakage. If it is non-uniform, streak-like leakage may occur starting from that portion. In particular, the effect of uniformity is remarkable when wiping off dirt represented by an oil film having strong adhesion to the member to be cleaned.
As an index that affects the standard deviation of the contact width, for example, the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus in the micro region shown above can be cited. By suppressing the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus in the micro region and improving the uniformity of the elastic modulus in the micro region, the variation in the contact width A in the longitudinal direction can be further reduced. By suppressing the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus in the micro region to a small value, it is possible to suppress unevenness in the contact width A, which is preferable for exhibiting uniform wiping properties. Specifically, it is preferable to set the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus by SPM to 17.6% or less. A detailed description will be given later.
In order to suppress the microscopic coefficient of variation of elastic modulus, it is preferable to use urethane resin because it is possible to control the structure at the molecular level and nanoscale compared to the method of adding reinforcing additives as described above. It is preferable to improve the uniformity of the elastic modulus by finely dispersing the hard segments by utilizing the properties of the urethane resin and furthermore the block copolymer composed of the hard segments and the soft segments described below.

Further, in the wiper blade according to the present disclosure, the angle θ formed between the specific position of the lip portion and the glass flat plate observed by the following method is 20° or more and 80° or less.
The lip portion of the wiper blade is brought into contact with the first surface of the glass flat plate with the arm pressing force of the wiper arm set to 18 N/m, and the wiper blade is moved at a speed of 1.65 m/sec to wipe the glass flat plate. It is moved 50 cm in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber in the A direction from the first point P1 to the second point P2 on the first surface and stopped. In this state, the longitudinal side of the blade rubber is observed with an optical microscope at a magnification of 200 times. In the contact portion (abutting portion) between the lip portion and the flat glass plate, the farthest portion from P1 is defined as a point Q1, and a line perpendicular to the first surface of the flat glass plate is located 200 μm in the direction A from the point Q1. and let the first intersection of the perpendicular with the lip be point Q2. At this time, let θ be the angle formed by the straight line connecting the points Q1 and Q2 and the first surface of the glass flat plate.

The fact that the angle .theta. is within the above range means that even the extreme tip portion of the lip portion and the micro region contact the surface of the member to be cleaned with an increased angle. As a result, the member to be cleaned is less likely to be subjected to vertical force due to wiped water and dirt, and the blade rubber is less likely to be lifted, so that water and the like present on the member to be cleaned can be sufficiently scraped off.
If the angle θ is less than 20°, the member to be cleaned is likely to receive a force in the direction perpendicular to the member to be cleaned by the wiped water, so the blade rubber is likely to float, resulting in uneven wiping and leakage. .

On the other hand, if the angle θ is large, the contact state becomes unstable if a material that deforms greatly due to contact is used, which may cause uneven wiping in the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber and chatter of the blade. When using conventional materials, it was difficult to form an angle θ. By designing together with the contact width, it becomes possible to stably wipe even when the angle formed is increased within the above range. However, if the angle θ formed in this design is too large, the contact state becomes unstable, which may cause uneven wiping in the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber and chattering of the blade.

The angle θ formed is preferably 40° or more and 78° or less, more preferably 60° or more and 75° or less.
For example, three factors are conceivable as factors that affect the formed angle θ. Each factor is shown in FIG. 6(a), FIG. 6(b), and FIG. 6(c).
The first factor affecting the formed angle θ is the deformation of the neck portion, which affects the macroscopic inclination of the blade rubber (Fig. 6(a)). The wiper blade contacts the member to be cleaned in a state where the neck portion is deformed and tilted. The neck portion deforms and the shoulder portion comes into contact with the base portion, thereby suppressing a change in contact posture and stably wiping. As a means of controlling the macroscopic inclination of the blade rubber, adjusting the length of the neck portion and the length of the shoulder portion can be mentioned.

FIG. 6(d) shows an outline of the length of each part. In FIG. 6(d), NL is the length of the neck portion in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber, and can correspond to the distance between the base portion and the lip portion. NT is the thickness of the neck portion, that is, when the lip tip of the blade rubber is vertically brought into contact with the member to be cleaned (windshield), the length of the blade rubber perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the member to be cleaned It is the length of the neck portion in the direction (hereinafter also referred to as “width direction”).
SL is the length from the tip of the shoulder portion to the neck portion in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber. , the length from the shoulder to the neck in the direction (width direction) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber and along the surface of the member to be cleaned.
LL is the length of the lip portion, that is, the length of the lip portion in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber and also perpendicular to the member to be cleaned (windshield) (hereinafter also referred to as “height direction”). It is. LM is the length of the lip tip. LT is the thickness of the tip of the lip portion at the tip surface 7, that is, the length of the tip of the lip portion in the width direction of the blade rubber. In the blade rubber shown in FIG. 3, LT corresponds to the width of the plate-like portion connecting to the taper portion 4, and LM corresponds to the length (in the height direction) of the plate-like portion connecting to the taper portion 4. .

Specifically, it is preferable to increase the ratio of the length of the shoulder portion to the length of the neck portion. Specifically, by shortening the length of the neck portion and lengthening the length of the shoulder portion, it is possible to increase the macroscopic inclination of the blade rubber. However, if the length of the neck portion is short, it may not be possible to deform in the direction of the macroscopic inclination and the desired macroscopic inclination may not be achieved. It is more preferably 250 μm to 1200 μm.

Increasing the macroscopic tilt angle acts to increase the angle θ formed in the microscopic region. In order to make the angle θ within the above range, the ratio (SL/NL) of the length SL of the shoulder portion to the length NL of the neck portion in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber is 0.37 to 9.00. A range is preferred. It is more preferably 1.00 to 6.00, still more preferably 2.00 to 5.00, still more preferably 2.50 to 4.00.

The second factor affecting the formed angle θ is the deformation of the blade rubber from the neck portion to the tip of the lip portion (FIG. 6(b)). In addition to the inclination caused by the deformation of the neck portion described above, the lip portion is bent by receiving a pressing force applied from the base portion. The deflection of the lip portion 3 reduces the angle θ formed by the tip. In particular, the effect of elongation of the neck portion having a small length in the longitudinal direction and deflection (deformation) of the lip portion is large. Means for controlling the deflection of the lip portion include, for example, means by designing the shape of the neck portion and the lip portion, which deform greatly, and means by designing a material with increased tensile strength.

A specific example of the shape means is to increase the thickness of the neck portion and the lip portion. By increasing the thickness NT of the neck portion, it is possible to suppress the deformation that is extended toward the tip of the blade rubber due to the pressing force, making it easier to control the macroscopic tilt angle. However, if the thickness NT of the neck portion is large, it may not be possible to deform in the direction of the macro tilt, and the desired macro tilt may not be achieved. Therefore, the thickness NT of the neck portion is preferably 500 μm or less. It is more preferably 150 μm to 500 μm, still more preferably 180 μm to 400 μm, still more preferably 200 μm to 350 μm.

Further, by increasing the thickness of the lip portion and shortening the length of the lip portion, bending deformation of the lip portion can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the formed angle θ and the formed angle θ′, which will be described later, from becoming too small. Specifically, the thickness LT of the tip of the lip portion is preferably, for example, 200 μm to 1000 μm, more preferably 400 μm to 750 μm, still more preferably 500 μm to 650 μm. By setting the thickness LT within the above range, it is possible to prevent the lip portion from becoming excessively rigid and lowering the followability of the wiper blade to the member to be cleaned in the longitudinal direction.

Also, the length LL of the lip portion is preferably 3000 μm to 5000 μm, more preferably 3600 μm to 4500 μm. The lip tip length LM is preferably 800 μm to 2000 μm, more preferably 1000 μm to 1600 μm

It is preferred to increase the tensile strength for material means. Specifically, it is preferable that the tensile stress (hereinafter referred to as 50% modulus) when the tip portion of the lip portion is stretched by 50% by a tensile tester is 1.8 MPa to 20.0 MPa. More preferably 2.0 MPa to 15.0 MPa, still more preferably 3.0 MPa to 14.0 MPa, still more preferably 3.5 MPa to 13.5 MPa.
In order to make the tensile strength within the above range, for example, increasing the crosslink density or adding a reinforcing additive can be mentioned. However, it is difficult to achieve both the elastic modulus range and the tensile strength shown above. In order to achieve this, it is preferable to use a urethane resin, and by using a polyfunctional isocyanate or a polyfunctional polyol and by selecting a catalyst, the elastic modulus can be controlled as described above by controlling the cross-linking state and the tensile strength. Strength can be increased. Specifically, as will be described later, there is a method that utilizes the properties of block copolymers composed of hard segments and soft segments.

The third factor affecting the formed angle θ is the deformation of the micro area at the tip of the lip portion that contacts the member to be cleaned. The deformation of the contact portion with the member to be cleaned due to the pressing force and the elongation of the lip portion due to the frictional force between the lip portion and the surface to be cleaned have a particularly large effect on the value of the formed angle θ. Therefore, in order to keep the formed angle θ within the above range, it is necessary to suppress deformation and elongation in the micro region of the extreme tip portion of the lip portion.

As described above, the microregion at the tip of the lip portion of the wiper blade has a great influence on the wiping performance. is important.
As described above, it is effective to increase the elastic modulus in the micro region as means for suppressing deformation and elongation in the micro region. By increasing the elastic modulus in the micro region, deformation due to contact force and elongation due to frictional force are suppressed, and it is possible to prevent the formed angle θ from becoming too small. Specifically, it is preferable that the elastic modulus of the blade rubber, particularly the tip of the lip portion, is in the range of 15.0 MPa or more and 470.0 MPa or less according to the aforementioned SPM.

Means for increasing the elastic modulus include, for example, increasing the crosslink density and adding reinforcing additives. In particular, when a urethane resin is used, the contact width A can be controlled by controlling the crosslinking state by using polyfunctional isocyanate or polyfunctional polyol or by selecting a catalyst, which is preferable. A method of increasing the elastic modulus by utilizing the properties of a block copolymer composed of a hard segment and a soft segment, which will be described later, can be mentioned.

Further, the angle θ′ formed by changing the conditions below is preferably 20° to 85°. More preferably 30° to 80°, still more preferably 40° to 78°.
That is, the arm pressing force of the wiper arm is set to 18 N/m, and the lip portion of the wiper blade is brought into contact with the first surface of the glass flat plate. Then, the wiper blade is moved at a speed of 0.60 m / sec in the A direction from the first point P1 to the second point P2 on the first surface of the glass flat plate, 50 cm in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber. move and stop.
The blade rubber of the wiper blade moved and stopped under the above conditions is observed from the longitudinal side of the blade rubber at a magnification of 200 using an optical microscope. In the contact portion between the lip portion and the flat glass plate, the farthest portion from P1 is defined as a point Q1, and a perpendicular line is drawn to the first surface of the flat glass plate at a position 200 μm from the point Q1 in the direction A. , the first intersection with the lip portion is defined as point Q2. At this time, the angle formed by the straight line connecting the points Q1 and Q2 and the first surface of the glass flat plate is defined as θ'.

Since the formed angle θ' is an angle when the wiping speed is slower than the formed angle θ, the contact state is relatively less likely to become unstable even when the value is large.
Further, the wiping speed dependence of the formed angle θ is calculated from the formed angle θ and the formed angle θ′ by the following formula (B).
Wiping speed dependence (%) =
(Angle θ′−Angle θ)/Angle θ×100 (B)

The wiping speed dependence of the formed angle θ is preferably 0.2% to 18.5%, more preferably 0.2% to 15.0%, and 0.2% to 10.0%. and more preferably 0.2% to 5.0%. Many wiper blades wipe in a circular motion, and in that case, the wiping speed in the longitudinal direction is often different. By suppressing the wiping speed dependency of the formed angle θ within the above range, wiping performance can be stably exhibited over the entire length of the wiper blade.
The dependence of the angle .theta. on the wiping speed can be controlled by the 50% modulus of the change in the angle .theta. due to macroscopic deformation, and by the elastic modulus in the micro region for the change in the angle .theta.

Even if a conventional wiper blade such as the wiper blade disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used and the angle formed by the lip portion and the member to be cleaned is macroscopically increased by means represented by the shape shown above, this Under the microscopic observation conditions disclosed, it was found that the extreme tip portion of the lip portion was curved due to friction with the glass surface, and the contact angle was small. Specifically, when the angle θ to be formed was measured using a conventional wiper blade, the angle θ to be formed was about 15° to 18°. In addition, at the lip portion of the conventional wiper blade, the contact width is increased due to the elongation of the rubber. Therefore, it is difficult for the conventional wiper blade to satisfy both the contact width A and the angle .theta. even if the shape and settings are changed. Therefore, the average contact pressure of the blade rubber is low, and the member to be cleaned is likely to receive a force in the direction perpendicular to the member to be cleaned by water. Therefore, with conventional wiper blades, the idea is to spread a very thin film of water to secure the visibility of the windshield.

On the other hand, satisfying the contact width A and the angle .theta. means that the average contact pressure of the blade rubber is high, and that the extreme tip portion of the lip portion is in contact with the member to be cleaned in a standing state. showing. Therefore, the wiper device that satisfies the contact width A and the angle .theta. can wipe off the water film on the windshield with almost no residue. Therefore, it is possible to exhibit higher wiping performance than ever before.

Windshields of vehicles and the like sometimes form an oil film due to oily contaminants floating in the atmosphere. Such contaminants are spread across the windshield by the wiping action of the wipers and may form an oil film over a wide area. Since the oil film does not easily absorb water, the idea of controlling the water film to be extremely thin, as in conventional wiper blades, causes the water film to turn into water droplets, causing glare and other diffuse reflections of light that impede visibility. On the other hand, the wiper device of the present disclosure, which satisfies the contact width A and the angle θ, can wipe off the water film without leaving any residue, and can wipe off not only the water film but also the oil film. Become. Therefore, it exhibits a higher wiping performance than the conventional one, and a clearer field of view can be secured regardless of the state of the windshield.

Next, preferred embodiments of the blade rubber in the wiper device will be described. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the first edge 8. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, at the tip of the blade rubber that abuts the member to be cleaned, a first line is formed on the first side surface 5 in parallel with the first edge 8 and the distance from the first edge 8 is 10 μm. Suppose you subtract minutes eleven. Let L1 be the length of the first line segment.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the first line segment. As shown in FIG. 8, points (1/8) L1, (1/2) L1, and (7/8) L1 from one end side on the first line segment 11 are P0, P1, and P2, respectively. and
At this time, a side of the first side surface 5 with a length of 70 μm and parallel to the first line segment 11 with each point P0, P1 and P2 on the first line segment 11 as the center of gravity. Three rectangular observation areas 12 each having a length of 10 μm and one side perpendicularly intersecting the first line segment are set.

FIG. 9 shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the observation area 12 with P0 as the center of gravity.
Similar to P0 in FIG. 9, the elastic modulus of each 70000 points of the first side at 0.1 μm pitch (interval) for each of the three observation regions including P1 and P2 was measured with a scanning probe microscope (hereinafter referred to as SPM (referred to as ).
From the viewpoint of appropriately controlling the contact width A and the angle θ, the average value of the obtained 210000 elastic modulus values is preferably 15.0 MPa to 470.0 MPa. Moreover, from the viewpoint of the wiping uniformity described above, the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus is preferably 17.6% or less.

Also, in the same manner as the measurement on the first side, at the tip of the blade rubber in contact with the member to be cleaned, on the second side 6, parallel to the second edge 9, the distance from the second edge 9 is Suppose you have drawn a second line segment that is 10 μm. Let L2 be the length of the second line segment.
The points of (1/8)L2, (1/2)L2, and (7/8)L2 from one end side on the second line segment are P3, P4, and P5, respectively.
At this time, on the second side surface 6, with each point P3, P4, and P5 on the second line segment as the center of gravity, one side is parallel to the second line segment and has a length of 70 μm. and one side of which has a length of 10 μm and perpendicularly intersects the second line segment.
The elastic modulus of the second side is measured at 70,000 points at a pitch of 0.1 μm for each of the three observation areas using SPM.
For the same reason as above, the average value of the 210,000 elastic modulus values obtained is preferably 15.0 MPa or more and 470.0 MPa or less. Also, the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus is preferably 17.6% or less.

The behavior of reciprocating wiper blades during cleaning was observed in detail. As a result, the wiper blade against the member to be cleaned during cleaning contacts the member to be cleaned in areas including positions of about 10 μm from the first edge and the second edge on the first side and the second side. I was able to confirm that. In the wiper device according to the present disclosure, the average value of the elastic modulus in the longitudinal direction of the region that can constitute the contact portion with the member to be cleaned and the coefficient of variation thereof in the longitudinal direction satisfy predetermined regulations, so that the wiping performance is further improved. can be improved. Further, by satisfying the regulation, the contact width A and the angle θ formed are uniform, and it becomes easier to stably satisfy the contact width A and the angle θ formed.

A wiper device according to an aspect of the present disclosure is a position of 10 μm from each of the first edge and the second edge of the first side surface and the second side surface, which can constitute a contact portion that contacts the member to be cleaned, and the position thereof. It is preferable that the average value of the elastic modulus values measured at predetermined points in the longitudinal direction of the neighboring region is 15.0 MPa or more and 470.0 MPa or less. Moreover, in measuring the elastic moduli of the first side and the second side, the coefficient of variation of the elastic moduli is preferably 17.6% or less.
In measuring the elastic modulus of the first side and the second side, the average of the elastic modulus values is 32.
It is more preferably 0 MPa or more and 62.0 MPa or less, further preferably 42.0 MPa or more and 61.0 MPa or less, and even more preferably 45.0 MPa or more and 60.0 MPa or less. 4. In measuring the elastic moduli of the first side and the second side, the coefficient of variation of the elastic moduli is more preferably 6.0% or less, more preferably 5.0% or less. Even more preferably, it is 0% or less. Since the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus is preferably as small as possible, the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1% or more, for example.

When the average value of the elastic modulus is within the above range, the side surface of the wiper blade comes into contact with the member to be cleaned in a narrow contact width while forming an angle θ in the longitudinal direction of the wiper blade during cleaning. can be made In other words, the contact portion can be brought closer to line contact, the pressing force is concentrated on the contact portion, and the adhered matter can be reliably scraped off from the member to be cleaned, rather than simply being wiped off or spread. can. As a result, extremely high wiping performance can be achieved compared to conventional wiper blades.
Further, a coefficient of variation of elastic modulus of 17.6% or less means that the elastic modulus of the contact portion of the side surface is more uniform or homogeneous in its longitudinal direction. Therefore, the wiper blade can be stably brought into contact with the member to be cleaned with a narrow contact width over the longitudinal direction. As a result, the surface to be cleaned is not undulated and disturbed in the longitudinal direction of the wiper blade during cleaning, the occurrence of chattering is suppressed, and uniform followability and abutment with the member to be cleaned can be exhibited. As a result, the wiper blade stably exhibits excellent wiping performance without wiping residue or wiping unevenness over the entire length of the wiper blade against highly adhesive dirt such as dust and oil films adhering to the member to be cleaned. be able to.

The coefficient of variation of elastic modulus is calculated by the following formula (1).
Formula (1): coefficient of variation (%) = standard deviation / average value of elastic modulus values × 100

FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the vicinity of the contact portion of the wiper blade with the member to be cleaned.
As shown in FIG. 12(a), a conventional wiper blade that does not satisfy the contact width A, the angle θ, the average elastic modulus, and the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus is in a state where the side surface is in contact with the member to be cleaned ( It is confirmed that they are in contact with each other by surface contact). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12(b), the blade rubber in the wiper device of the present disclosure makes edge contact with the member to be cleaned in a state where the side surface is in close line contact. This difference in contact state is considered to have led to the remarkable difference in wiping performance.

The material forming the lip portion including the tapered portion is not particularly limited as long as the contact width A and the angle θ formed can meet the above regulations. Specifically, for example, the lip portion preferably contains polyurethane that has excellent mechanical properties and easily achieves the contact width A and the angle θ. Polyurethane also facilitates achieving the above-mentioned requirements relating to the average elastic modulus and the coefficient of variation.

Also, the polyurethane is preferably a polyurethane elastomer. Polyurethane elastomers are obtained mainly from raw materials such as polyols, chain extenders, polyisocyanates, catalysts and other additives. The polyurethane elastomer is a block copolymer composed of hard segments and soft segments. The hard segment is generally composed of chain extenders including polyisocyanates and short chain diols. On the other hand, the soft segment is generally composed of long-chain polyols such as polyester polyols, polyether polyols and polycarbonate polyols, and polyisocyanates.

In order to achieve the above-described contact width A and angle θ, as well as the average value of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus, for example, a block copolymer composed of the hard segment and the soft segment It is possible to use the characteristics of
Conventional polyurethanes have hard segments in which portions where urethane bonds have aggregated due to interactions are further aggregated. The agglomerated portion of the urethane linkage portion has relatively large hard segments that are further agglomerated. Therefore, according to the study of the present inventors, the wiper blade manufactured using such polyurethane has the above contact width A and the angle θ according to the present disclosure, and furthermore, the average value of the elastic modulus values and At least one of the coefficients of variation of the elastic modulus was not satisfied. That is, since conventional polyurethane has relatively large hard segments, it is difficult to make the coefficient of variation of elastic modulus at 210,000 points less than 17.6% using a scanning probe microscope according to the present disclosure.
Here, in the case of a polyurethane having a small amount of the hard segment itself, further aggregation of the aggregation portion of the urethane bond is suppressed, and it is thought that the coefficient of variation can be kept small. However, in this case, it is difficult to set the average elastic modulus value to 15.0 MPa or more, and it becomes difficult to satisfy the contact width A and the angle θ.

A lip portion that satisfies the physical properties according to the present disclosure can be formed, for example, by using polyurethane in which hard segments are finely and uniformly dispersed. Such polyurethanes are described below.
That is, by using a diisocyanate, a tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate, and a diol or a tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol as urethane raw materials in an appropriate concentration range, aggregation of the hard segments is suppressed, and the hard segments are fine and fine. A uniformly dispersed polyurethane is obtained.

Specifically, for example, it is preferable to use at least one of an alcohol containing a trifunctional or higher polyfunctional alcohol and an isocyanate compound containing a trifunctional or higher polyfunctional isocyanate as the urethane raw material.
It is also preferable to use an alcohol containing at least one selected from diols and tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohols and an isocyanate compound containing a tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate as urethane raw materials.
It is also preferable to use an alcohol containing a tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol and an isocyanate compound containing a diisocyanate and a tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate as urethane raw materials.
In particular, it is preferable to use a polyfunctional isocyanate having a functionality of 3 or more and a polyfunctional alcohol having a functionality of 3 or more as the urethane raw material.

Polyurethane obtained as a reaction product with a tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate and a tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol has steric hindrance that suppresses molecular orientation and more reliably suppresses aggregation of hard segments. becomes. Therefore, it is a suitable polyurethane for achieving the contact width A and angle θ, as well as the elastic modulus and coefficient of variation according to the present disclosure.
Further, when the soft segment portion has, for example, a linear alkylene structure, the crystallinity is enhanced by stacking the soft segments. As a result, hard segments are also less likely to disperse. Therefore, introducing an alkylene structure having a side chain portion into the soft segment portion is also effective in suppressing aggregation of the hard segment. Specifically, for example, introduction of partial structures represented by the following structural formulas (i) to (iv) into the soft segment portion between two urethane bonds is effective in miniaturizing the hard segment. . _-CH2 -CH( _CH3 ) _-CH2 - _CH2 -O- (i)
_-CH2 - _CH2 -CH( _CH3 )-CH2 _- O- (ii)
—CH ₂ —CH(CH ₃ )—O— (iii)
-CH( _CH3 ) _-CH2 -O- (iv)

The structures of structural formulas (i) and (ii) are substantially the same, resulting from ring-opening polymerization of 3-methyltetrahydrofuran. The structures of structural formulas (iii) and (iv) are substantially the same as the structures produced by ring-opening polymerization of 1,2-propylene oxide. A urethane resin having these structures between two adjacent urethane bonds can be obtained by reacting a polyether polyol or polyester polyol having these structures with isocyanate. Here, when a bifunctional alcohol (diol) and a bifunctional isocyanate (diisocyanate) are used as urethane raw materials, it is usually difficult to finely disperse the hard segments. However, by introducing the above partial structure into the soft segment portion, fine dispersion of the hard segment can be achieved even when diol and diisocyanate are used as the urethane raw material. As a result, a polyurethane can be obtained that provides wiper blades that meet the parameters according to the present disclosure.

In addition to introducing side chains into the soft segment portion described above, as a method of suppressing crystallization due to stacking of the soft segments and preventing aggregation of the hard segments, alcohol of the urethane raw material has a straight chain portion with a carbon number of A method using two or more different alcohols is included. Polyurethanes obtained by using two or more kinds of alcohols having different carbon numbers in their straight-chain portions crystallize due to stacking of the soft segments due to the different carbon numbers, even though the soft segment portions have a straight-chain alkylene structure. can be suppressed. In addition, since the number of carbon atoms in the soft segment portion is different, aggregation of the urethane bond portion is suppressed, thereby preventing aggregation of the hard segment. Therefore, even when a diol and a diisocyanate having a straight-chain alkylene structure in the molecule are used as urethane raw materials, by using a plurality of diols having different carbon numbers in the straight-chain alkylene structure as the diol, the hard segment can be miniaturized. As a result, a polyurethane can be obtained that provides wiper blades that meet the parameters according to the present disclosure. Examples of multiple kinds of diols include combined use of polybutylene adipate polyester polyol and polyhexylene adipate polyester polyol.

Examples of the alcohol include the following.
Polyesters such as polyethylene adipate polyester polyol, polybutylene adipate polyester polyol, polyhexylene adipate polyester polyol, (polyethylene/polypropylene) adipate polyester polyol, (polyethylene/polybutylene) adipate polyester polyol, (polyethylene/polyneopentylene) adipate polyester polyol Polyols; polycaprolactone-based polyols obtained by ring-opening polymerization of caprolactone; polyether polyols such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and polytetramethylene ether glycol; polycarbonate diols. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In addition, as described above, the use of two or more polyols having different carbon numbers in the straight-chain portion (alkylene chain) as the alcohol suppresses crystallization of the soft segment, resulting in a urethane with suppressed aggregation of the hard segment. It is preferable because it can be obtained. In this case, for example, polyethylene adipate polyester polyols, polybutylene adipate polyester polyols, polyhexylene adipate polyester polyols, (polyethylene/polypropylene) adipate polyester polyols, (polyethylene/polybutylene) adipate polyester polyols, (polyethylene/polyneopentylene) adipate It is preferable to use at least two selected from the group consisting of polyester polyols such as polyester polyols.

As the chain extender, a diol capable of extending the polyurethane elastomer chain, or a tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol can be used.
Examples of diols include the following.
Ethylene glycol (EG), diethylene glycol (DEG), propylene glycol (PG), dipropylene glycol (DPG), 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD), 1,6-hexanediol (1,6-HD ), 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, xylylene glycol (terephthalyl alcohol), triethylene glycol. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Trimethylolpropane (TMP), glycerin, pentaerythritol (PEN), and sorbitol can be mentioned as tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohols. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

One method for improving the elastic modulus of polyurethane elastomers is to introduce a crosslinked structure. As a method for introducing cross-linking, it is preferable to use a trifunctional or higher polyfunctional alcohol as the chain extender. In addition, introduction of a branched structure into polyurethane by using a tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol can suppress crystallization of polyurethane and further suppress aggregation of hard segments. Here, as the polyfunctional alcohol, it is preferable to use a trifunctional alcohol from the viewpoint of suppressing an excessive increase in hardness due to an excessively high degree of cross-linking of the polyurethane. Among them, a triol, which has a methylene skeleton next to a hydroxyl group and can take a flexible crosslinked structure in terms of molecular structure, is preferable because it has an effect of further suppressing the crystallinity of the hard segment. Examples of such triols include, for example, trimethylolpropane (TMP), glycerin.

Examples of the isocyanate compound include the following.
4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4'-MDI), polymeric MDI, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (2,6-TDI), xylene Diisocyanate (XDI), 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate (1,5-NDI), p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate ( hydrogenated MDI), tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), carbodiimide-modified MDI, triphenylmethane-4,4',4''-triisocyanate (TTI), tris(phenylisocyanate) thiophosphate (TPTI).

Among these, 4,4'-MDI is preferred because two isocyanate groups have the same reactivity and high mechanical properties can be obtained. Moreover, it is preferable to use together a polyfunctional isocyanate having a functionality of 3 or more. By using a polyfunctional isocyanate having a functionality of 3 or more, a branched structure can be introduced into the polyurethane, which is effective in further suppressing aggregation of the hard segments. In addition, since a denser crosslinked structure can be introduced into the polyurethane, the abutment of the lip portion to the member to be cleaned can be more stabilized. As a result, it is possible to more effectively suppress unwiped and uneven wiping of the member to be cleaned.

The tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate is at least selected from the group consisting of triphenylmethane-4,4',4''-triisocyanate (TTI), tris(phenylisocyanate) thiophosphate (TPTI) and polymeric MDI. One is mentioned. Among them, tris(phenylisocyanate) thiophosphate (TPTI) and polymeric MDI can be used more preferably. These isocyanates have a methylene group or an ether group between multiple NCO groups, and can appropriately maintain the distance between multiple urethane bonds. Therefore, it is advantageous for suppressing aggregation of hard segments.

Here, the polymeric MDI is represented by the following chemical formulas (1) and (1)'. n in the chemical formula (1)′ is preferably 1 or more and 4 or less. Chemical formula (1) is the case where n is 1 in chemical formula (1)′.

In the case where the lip portion according to the present disclosure contains a polyurethane that is a reaction product of a raw material composition containing an isocyanate compound containing a diisocyanate and a tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate and an alcohol containing a tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol, The lip portion preferably has the following physical properties.

That is, on the first side and the second side of the lip, a line parallel to the first edge and the second edge, respectively, with a distance of 0.5 mm from the first edge and the second edge Assuming you subtracted the minute. Then, let the length of the line segment be L', and points 1/8L', 1/2L', and 7/8L' from one end side on the line segment be P0', P1', and P2', respectively. .
The mass of the direct sample introduction system in which the sample sampled at each of the P0′, P1′ and P2′ of the first side and the second side is heated and vaporized in the ionization chamber to ionize the sample molecules. Using an analyzer, heat up to 1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C/s. M1 is the detected amount of all ions obtained as a result, and M2 is the integrated intensity of the peak of the extracted ion thermogram corresponding to the m/z value range derived from the tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate. At this time, M2/M1 on the first side and/or the second side is preferably 0.0010 to 0.0150, particularly M2/M1 is 0.0030 to 0.0150 is more preferred.

Further, when M3 is the integrated intensity of the peak of the extracted ion thermogram corresponding to the range of m/z values derived from diisocyanate, M3/M1 on the first side and/or the second side is 0. 0200 to 0.1100 is preferable, and 0.0380 to 0.0760 is particularly preferable. When M2/M1 and M3/M1 are within the above ranges, an appropriate amount of a structure derived from tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate with low crystallinity is introduced into the polyurethane, resulting in hard segment Aggregation can be suppressed, and the hard segments can be more finely and uniformly dispersed. In addition, excessive development of the crosslinked structure in the polyurethane is suppressed, making it easier to control the contact width A and the angle θ. In addition, the average elastic modulus can be easily adjusted within the range of 15.0 MPa or more to 470.0 MPa.

Furthermore, it is preferable to set M2/M3 to 0.0130 or more and 0.3000 or less. M2/M3 is a parameter representing the ratio of the structural portion derived from diisocyanate and the structural portion derived from trifunctional or higher polyfunctional isocyanate in the isocyanate-derived structure of the polyurethane, and M2/M3 is within the above range. As a result, it is possible to obtain a polyurethane in which an excessive increase in elastic modulus is suppressed and aggregation of hard segments is further suppressed.

Here, when the polyurethane is a polyurethane produced using polymeric MDI represented by the above chemical formula (1)' as a polyfunctional isocyanate having three or more functionalities, the extracted ion thermogram obtained by the above mass spectrometry shows , the m / z value derived from n = 1 of the structure represented by the chemical formula (1) 'is in the range of 380.5 to 381.5, and the m / z value derived from n = 2 is 511.5 to 512.5 , the range of m / z values 642.5 to 643.5 derived from n = 3, and the range of m / z values 773.5 to 774.5 derived from n = 4. M2 may be the sum of the integrated intensities of the peaks.

Further, when the polyurethane is a polyurethane using 4,4'-MDI represented by the chemical formula (2) as one of the raw materials as a diisocyanate, the ion thermogram obtained by the above-described mass spectrometry , the integrated intensity of the peak corresponding to the m/z value range of 249.5 to 250.5 derived from the structure represented by the chemical formula (2) may be defined as M3.

Furthermore, the lip portion of the wiper device according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a polyurethane that is a reaction product of a raw material composition containing an isocyanate compound containing a tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate and an alcohol containing a tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol. In the case of containing, the lip portion preferably has the following physical properties. That is, on the first side surface and the second side surface of the lip portion, line segments parallel to the first edge and the second edge, respectively, with a distance of 0.5 mm from the first edge and the second edge is drawn, the length of the line segment is L', and points 1/8L', 1/2L', and 7/8L' from one end of the line segment are P0' and P1', respectively. , P2′. Samples sampled at each of the P0', the P1' and the P2' of the first side and the second side are measured by pyrolytic GC/MS (Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry). The concentration of the component derived from the tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol in the polyurethane is preferably 0.04 mmol/g to 0.39 mmol/g, more preferably 0.14 mmol/g to 0.39 mmol/g. more preferably 0.22 mmol/g to 0.39 mmol/g.

When the concentration of the component derived from the trifunctional or higher polyfunctional alcohol is 0.04 mmol/g or more, the polyurethane can more reliably suppress aggregation of hard segments. In addition, when the concentration of the component derived from the tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol is 0.39 mmol/g or less, the excessive development of the crosslinked structure in the polyurethane can be suppressed, and the elastic modulus can be prevented from becoming too high. can. Therefore, the tapered portion having the above-described physical properties can more easily satisfy the above-described specifications relating to the contact width, the formed angle θ, the average value of the elastic modulus values, and the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus. The concentration of tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol in polyurethane is calculated by the following formula (2).

Formula (2): Concentration of trifunctional or higher polyfunctional alcohol (mmol/g) =
[Amount of trifunctional or higher polyfunctional alcohol (g)/trifunctional or higher polyfunctional alcohol molecular weight x 10
00]/[polyurethane mass (g)]

The urethane raw material can contain a catalyst for promoting the reaction of the isocyanate compound and the alcohol. As the catalyst, commonly used catalysts for curing polyurethane elastomers can be used. Examples thereof include tertiary amine catalysts and tertiary amino alcohols. Specific examples include the following.
aminoalcohols such as dimethylethanolamine, N,N,N'-trimethylaminopropylethanolamine, N,N'-dimethylhexanolamine; trialkylamines such as triethylamine; N,N,N'N'-tetramethyl-1 , 3-butanediamine; triethylenediamine, piperazine compounds, triazine compounds.

Examples of tertiary amino alcohols include 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol, 3-(dimethylamino)propanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1-methylpropanol, 2-{2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy}ethanol, 2 -{2-(diethylamino)ethoxy}ethanol, 2-[{2-(dimethylamino)ethyl}methylamino]ethanol.
Organic acid salts of metals such as potassium acetate and potassium octylate alkali can also be used. Furthermore, metal catalysts usually used for urethanization, such as dibutyltin dilaurate, can also be used. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Among them, temperature-sensitive catalysts such as 2-{2-(diethylamino)ethoxy}ethanol and 2-[{2-(dimethylamino)ethyl}methylamino]ethanol convert the polyfunctional isocyanate described above into a polyol with extremely high efficiency. and can better form a highly crosslinked structure in the polyurethane.

Raw materials constituting the blade rubber may optionally contain pigments, plasticizers, waterproofing agents, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, and Additives such as hydrolysis inhibitors can be incorporated.

<Surface treatment>
The lip portion including at least the taper portion of the blade rubber may be subjected to surface treatment such as electron beam irradiation, ultraviolet irradiation, surface layer coating, and surface hardening treatment. Preferred surface treatment methods in the present disclosure include, for example, (i) a method including a step of irradiating the object to be treated with ultraviolet rays, and (ii) applying a material for forming a cured region to the object to be treated. a method comprising the step of curing with.
However, as shown above, since the deformation in the macro to micro region contributes to the performance, it is more effective to perform the surface treatment after performing the design as described above before applying the surface treatment. It affects.

(i) The conditions for irradiating ultraviolet rays are not particularly limited. The ultraviolet light may have a wavelength of 400 nm or less, preferably 200 nm or more. If the wavelength of ultraviolet rays is 200 nm or more, the elastic modulus can be effectively increased. The maximum emission peak wavelength of light emitted from the light source is preferably 200 nm or more and 400 nm or less. In particular, it is preferable that the wavelength of the maximum emission peak is in the vicinity of 254 nm, for example, in the range of 254±1 nm. This is because the ultraviolet rays in the above wavelength range or the above wavelengths can efficiently generate active oxygen that modifies the surface of the taper portion of the wiper blade. When there are a plurality of emission peaks of ultraviolet rays, it is preferable that one of them exists near 254 nm.

The intensity of the light emitted from the light source is not particularly limited. , UVD-S254, VUV-S172, VUV-S365, manufactured by Ushio Inc.) or the like can be used. In the surface treatment step, the integrated amount of UV light irradiated to the lip portion may be appropriately selected according to the effect of the surface treatment to be obtained. It can be determined by the irradiation time of the light from the light source, the output of the light source, the distance from the light source, ^and the like.

The integrated amount of UV light irradiated to the lip portion can be calculated by the following method.
Accumulated amount of UV light (mJ/cm ² ) = UV intensity (mW/cm ² ) x irradiation time (sec)

As a light source for emitting ultraviolet light, for example, a high-pressure mercury lamp or a low-pressure mercury lamp can be preferably used. These light sources are preferable because they can stably emit ultraviolet light having a suitable wavelength that is less attenuated by irradiation distance, and can uniformly irradiate the entire surface.

(ii) Conditions for applying and curing the material for forming the cured region are not particularly limited. Formation of the cured region in the lip portion can be performed by applying and curing a material for forming the cured region. This treatment can effectively increase the elastic modulus of the cured portion by applying the material for forming the cured region. It is preferable that the hardened region is formed at least on both the first side surface and the second side surface of the lip portion that are in contact with the member to be cleaned.

The material for forming the cured region is used after being diluted with a diluting solvent as necessary, and can be applied by known means such as dipping, spraying, dispenser, brush coating, roller coating and the like. Moreover, after applying the material for forming the cured region, a treatment such as a heat treatment may be further performed. It is preferable to impregnate the polyurethane contained in the lip portion with a material for forming the cured region. Since the impregnation is promoted by making the cured region forming material high in concentration and low in viscosity, the cured region forming material may be impregnated by heating without dilution. The degree of curing may be adjusted by adjusting the temperature of the material for forming the cured region, the impregnation or immersion time, the heat treatment temperature and heat treatment time after the impregnation or immersion, and the subsequent standing time.

The temperature of the material for forming the cured region should be about 60.degree. C. to 90.degree. The impregnation or immersion time cannot be generalized, but it is preferably about 10 seconds to 180 seconds. Heat treatment may be performed after the material for forming the cured region is applied to the cured region. The heat treatment lowers the viscosity of the cured region-forming material present on the surface of the polyurethane, and promotes penetration and diffusion into the interior of the polyurethane.

The heating method includes, but is not particularly limited to, a method of passing through a heating furnace, a method of blowing hot air, and the like. For example, the heating furnace includes a radiant heating furnace, a circulating air heating furnace, and the like, and the device for generating heating air includes a hot air blower, a far-infrared heater, and the like.
The cured region is widened by setting the heating conditions to a high temperature and/or a long time. As for the heating conditions, the surface temperature of the treated surface is preferably 90° C. to 110° C., for example. Also, the heating time is preferably 10 minutes to 60 minutes, for example.

In addition, the amount of residual isocyanate during polyurethane molding tends to gradually decrease with the lapse of time after molding. Therefore, it is preferable to form the cured region immediately after molding the polyurethane, but there is no particular limitation. For example, within 3 hours. The amount of residual isocyanate can also be adjusted by the mixing ratio of the composition used when forming the polyurethane.

The material for forming the cured region is not particularly limited as long as it can cure polyurethane or form a cured region on the surface of polyurethane.
Examples include isocyanate compounds and acrylic compounds. The material for forming the cured region may be used after being diluted with a solvent or the like. The solvent used for dilution is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the materials used, and examples thereof include toluene, xylene, butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, and methyl ethyl ketone.

When the lip portion of the wiper blade is made of polyurethane, it is possible to use an isocyanate compound, which is a constituent material of polyurethane, as the material for forming the cured region, considering compatibility with the material of the lip portion and impregnation. more preferred. As the isocyanate compound, those having one or more isocyanate groups in the molecule can be used.

Examples of the isocyanate compound having one isocyanate group in the molecule include aliphatic monoisocyanates such as octadecyl isocyanate (ODI) and aromatic monoisocyanates such as phenyl isocyanate (PHI).
As the isocyanate compound having two isocyanate groups in the molecule, those commonly used in the production of polyurethane resins can be used. Specific examples include the following. 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (2,6-TDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), m-phenylene diisocyanate (MPDI), tetra methylene diisocyanate (TMDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and the like.

Examples of isocyanate compounds having 3 or more isocyanate groups in the molecule include 4,4′,4″-triphenylmethane triisocyanate, 2,4,4′-biphenyltriisocyanate, 2,4,4′ - Diphenylmethane triisocyanate and the like can be used.
In addition, isocyanate compounds having two or more isocyanate groups can also be used as modified derivatives or polymers thereof. In order to efficiently increase the elastic modulus of the cured region, MDI having high crystallinity, that is, having a symmetrical structure is preferable. is also preferred.

<Method for manufacturing blade rubber>
The method for producing the blade rubber is not particularly limited, and can be selected from known methods. For example, a lip portion having a tapered portion can be obtained by injecting, for example, a polyurethane elastomer raw material composition into a cavity of a mold for a blade rubber and heating and curing it. At the tip of the tapered portion, the shape may be formed by cutting. This is preferable because it is possible to form the first edge and the second edge with high smoothness. Alternatively, a wiper blade may be produced by producing a pair of tandem-shaped moldings formed in contact with each other so that the tapered portions face each other, and cutting them in the longitudinal direction. Also, the base and neck may be manufactured using conventionally known materials and manufacturing methods.

<Wiper device>
A wiper device, for example, comprises a wiper arm associated with a drive motor (not shown) and a wiper blade mounted on the wiper arm. The wiper device is not particularly limited, and can employ a known configuration. For example, there are various types of wiper devices such as a tandem type and an opposing wiping type.
The configuration of the wiper blade is also not particularly limited, and a known configuration can be adopted. The wiper blade has a blade rubber and a blade stay that supports the blade rubber. Various types such as a flat type and a tournament type can be adopted as the blade stay. In a flat blade, the blade stay is, for example, a spring-elastic support that holds the blade rubber over its entire length.
A backing blade attached to the blade rubber may be used for uniform longitudinal abutment.

Although the present disclosure will be described below with production examples, examples, and comparative examples, the present disclosure is not limited to these examples. Raw materials other than those indicated in Examples and Comparative Examples were reagents or industrial chemicals. In addition, all "parts" in Examples and Comparative Examples are based on mass unless otherwise specified.

Wiper blades were manufactured and evaluated in Examples and Comparative Examples. Tables 3 to 9 show the formulations and evaluation results of Examples and Comparative Examples.

[Example 1]
<Preparation of raw material for wiper blade>
4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (trade name: Millionate MT, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) (hereinafter referred to as 4,4'-MDI and simply "MDI" in the tables) 191.1 g, trifunctional or higher polyfunctional As an isocyanate, 210.0 g of polymeric MDI (trade name: Millionate MR-200, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) (hereinafter referred to as MR200),
598.9 g of polybutylene adipate polyester polyol (trade name: Nippolan 3027, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) having a number average molecular weight of 2500 (hereinafter referred to as PBA2500) was reacted at 80° C. for 3 hours to prepare a pre-precipitate having an NCO content of 10.2% by mass. A polymer was obtained.

Subsequently, the components shown in Table 1 below were mixed to prepare a curing agent.

This curing agent was added to the prepolymer described above and mixed to obtain a raw material composition. This raw material composition was injected into a wiper blade molding die and cured at a temperature of 130° C. for 2 minutes. After that, the mold was removed to obtain a polyurethane molded article. A release agent A was applied in advance to the mold for the wiper blade. Release Agent A is a mixture of materials listed in Table 2 below.

A wiper blade according to the present example was obtained by cutting the lip tip end side of the obtained polyurethane molded article. The longitudinal distance of the wiper blade was 700 mm. As for the cross-sectional shape of the wiper blade, as shown in FIG. Table 3 shows the length NL and thickness NT of the neck portion, the length SL of the shoulder portion, the lengths LM and LL of the lip portion, and the thickness LT. The obtained wiper blades were evaluated by the following methods.

[Method for measuring 50% modulus of lip part]
The tip of the lip (if the lip has a tapered tip, the tip of the lip) was cut out (about 100 mm in the longitudinal direction) from the wiper blade, and the thickness and width of the cut piece were measured. The cut piece was measured using a tensile tester (trade name: RTG-1225, manufactured by A&D) in accordance with JIS K6254-1993. The measurement conditions were a tensile speed of 500 mm/min, a gauge length of 20 mm, a test temperature of 25° C., and three measurements. The average value of the results of three measurements was taken as the 50% modulus. Table 3 shows the results.

[Measurement method of contact width A and angle θ]
(Contact/movement test for glass flat plate)
A first surface on the glass plate is brought into contact with the lip portion of the blade rubber attached to the arm. As for the blade rubber to be attached, the blade rubber prepared above was cut to prepare a blade rubber test piece adjusted to a longitudinal length of 15 mm. The gripping of the blade rubber test piece was carried out in such a manner that the base of the blade rubber test piece was sandwiched in order to obtain a shape simulating the gripping portion of a vehicle wiper. The blade rubber test piece was moved in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber, and the glass flat plate was brushed off by the lip and stopped. The contact posture of the wiper blade was evaluated by observing the blade rubber while the wiper was stopped.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a schematic diagram of the test machine used for evaluation. The tester has a mechanism capable of controlling the pressing force applied to the blade rubber test piece, stably bringing it into contact with the glass flat plate, and wiping it at a prescribed speed. The testing machine uses a balance system, and can control the pressing force by changing the load of the weight.
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 5, the lip portion of the blade rubber test piece was brought into contact with the first surface of the glass flat plate with a pressing force of 18 N/m (longitudinal length) on the blade rubber test piece. , move the wiper blade at a speed of 1.65 m/s in a direction A from a first point P1 to a second point P2 on the first surface of the glass plate, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber. It was moved 50 cm in the direction and stopped. By observing the stopped state, the contact posture when wiping the glass plate under the following constant conditions was evaluated.

The blade rubber to be evaluated is evenly divided into 10 parts in the longitudinal direction, and the test pieces are sampled from each portion to obtain 10 test pieces evenly from the blade rubber for evaluation.
[Wiping conditions]
Arm pressing force: 18 N/m (18 N per 1 m of length)
Wiper blade test piece length: 15 mm
Glass plate moving speed: 1.65m/sec
Discharge distance: 50cm

(Measurement of contact width)
In the contact/movement test with respect to the glass plate, the contact portion between the lip portion and the glass plate is moved to the second surface opposite to the first surface of the glass plate in a stopped state after being swept away. The surface side was observed with a microscope (confocal microscope (trade name: OPTELICS HYBRID, manufactured by Lasertec)). Observation conditions were a 20-fold objective lens and a pixel count of 1024×1024 pixels. In the longitudinal direction of the contact portion between the blade rubber test piece and the glass flat plate, observations were made at intervals of 1 mm from the end. For 10 test pieces, the contact width, which is the distance between the most upstream point and the most downstream point perpendicular to the moving direction of contact with the glass surface from the observation image of the field of view at each observation point, is measured longitudinally. 10 points were measured in the direction. An average value of 100 points in total was calculated. This average value was defined as the contact width A.
Also, the standard deviation of the measured values at 100 points was calculated and used as the standard deviation of the contact width A indicating the non-uniformity of the contact width.

Further, the contact width B was measured in the same manner as described above except that the arm pressing force was changed to 10 N/m. A ratio of the amount of change in the contact width to the amount of change in the arm pressing force was calculated. Table 3 shows this value as the load dependence of the contact width.

(Measurement of angle θ)
In the contact/movement test against the glass flat plate, the blade rubber is observed from the longitudinal side of the blade rubber with an optical microscope (camera unit (trade name: high-speed color camera unit VW-600C, Keyence company), high-speed microscope (trade name: high-speed microscope VW-9000, manufactured by Keyence Corporation) and zoom lenses (trade name: long-distance high-performance zoom lens VH-Z50L, manufactured by Keyence Corporation)). A still image was observed at an observation magnification of 200 times.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the contact portion between the lip portion and the flat glass plate, the farthest portion from P1 is defined as a point Q1. Draw a perpendicular line. Assuming that the first intersection of the perpendicular line with the lip portion was point Q2, the angle θ formed by the first surface of the glass flat plate and the straight line connecting points Q1 and Q2 was evaluated. Ten test pieces were evaluated in the same manner, and the average value was taken as the angle θ.

Further, the angle θ' formed was measured in the same manner as described above except that the moving speed of the glass flat plate was changed to 0.60 m/sec as the wiping condition. The ratio (%) of the difference between the angle θ formed by the glass plate moving speed of 1.65 m/sec and the angle θ′ formed by the glass plate moving speed of 0.60 m/sec to the angle θ formed by the glass plate moving speed of 1.65 m/sec is calculated. Calculated. Table 3 shows the wiping speed dependence of the angle .theta.

[Polyfunctional alcohol species, concentration measurement method]
Polyfunctional alcohols were detected by pyrolysis GC/MS (gas chromatography and mass spectrometry). Measurement conditions are shown below.
Sampling position: lines on the first and second sides of the lip, parallel to the first and second edges respectively, with a distance of 0.5 mm from the first and second edges 1/8L', 1/2L', and 7/8L' points from one end of the line segment are P0' and P1, respectively. ', P2'.
Samples sampled at each of the P0′, P1′ and P2′ of the first side and the second side were measured by the following method. In the sampling, members such as polyurethane were cut with a biocutter.
Device:
・Pyrolyzer: Product name: EGA/PY-3030D, manufactured by Frontier Lab ・Gas chromatography device: TRACE1310 gas chromatograph, manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific ・Mass spectrometer: IQLT, manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific ・Thermal decomposition temperature: 500°C
・GC column: 0.25 mm inner diameter × 30 m stainless steel capillary column ・Stationary phase 5% phenylpolydimethylsiloxane ・Temperature rising conditions: Hold at 50 ° C. for 3 minutes and heat up to 300 ° C. at 8 ° C./min ・ MS conditions: Mass range m/z 10-650
・Scan speed 1 sec/scan

Polyfunctional alcohol species were characterized by GC/MS. A calibration curve was prepared by GC analysis of known concentrations of the qualitative polyfunctional alcohol species, and quantification was performed from the GC peak area ratio. Then, the arithmetic mean value of the numerical values obtained from the samples of each of the P0', the P1' and the P2' of the first side and the second side is It was set as each polyfunctional alcohol concentration.

[Measurement of M1, M2 and M3]
M1 to M3 were measured using the direct sample introduction method (DI method) in which the sample was directly introduced into the ion source without passing through a gas chromatograph (GC).
As an apparatus, an ion trap type GC/MS (trade name: POLARIS Q, manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used, and a direct exposure probe (DEP) was used as a direct introduction probe. Using.
On the first side and the second side of the lip portion, line segments are drawn parallel to the first edge and the second edge, respectively, with a distance of 0.5 mm from the first edge and the second edge. , the length of a line segment is L', and points 1/8L', 1/2L', and 7/8L' from one end of the line segment are P0', P1', and P2, respectively. '.
Samples sampled at each of the P0′, P1′ and P2′ of the first side and the second side were measured by the following method. In sampling, members such as polyurethane were cut with a biocutter.
About 0.1 μg of the sample sampled at each of the P0′, P1′ and P2′ of the first side and the second side is fixed to a filament located at the tip of the probe and placed in an ionization chamber. inserted directly into the After that, it was rapidly heated from room temperature to 1000° C. at a constant heating rate (about 10° C./s), and the vaporized gas was detected by a mass spectrometer.

The detected amount M1 of all ions is the sum of the integrated intensities of all peaks in the total ion current thermogram obtained,
(M2/M1) is calculated using the values of M1 and M2, where M2 is the sum of the integrated intensities of the peaks of the m/z value extracted ion thermogram derived from tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate. bottom. In addition, when the sum of the integrated intensities of the peaks of the extracted ion thermogram with m/z values derived from diisocyanate was defined as M3, (M3/M1) was calculated using the values of M1 and M3. Then, the arithmetic mean value of the numerical values obtained from each sample of P0', P1' and P2' of each of the first side and the second side is calculated for each of the first side and the second side ( M2/M1) and (M3/M1).

Here, in this example, TTI used as a polyfunctional isocyanate having a functionality of 3 or more has a structure represented by the following chemical formula (3). In the extracted ion thermogram obtained in this evaluation, a peak derived from the cationized product of TTI having a peak top at m/z of 366.5 to 367.5 was detected. Therefore, in this example, the integrated intensity of the peak was defined as M2.

In other examples described later, the elastic portion made of polyurethane synthesized using polymeric MDI as a polyfunctional isocyanate having a functionality of 3 or more has the above chemical formula (1 )′ m/z value indicating n=1 in the range of 380.5 to 381.5, m/z value indicating n=2 in the range of 511.5 to 512.5, n=3 The m / z value range of 642.5 to 643.5, and the m / z value of n = 4 is 773.5 to 774.5. A peak originating from the substance was detected. Therefore, in this example, the sum of the integrated intensities of the respective peaks was defined as M2.

Similarly, tris(phenylisocyanate)thiophosphate (TPTI) used as a polyfunctional isocyanate having a functionality of 3 or more in the examples described later has a structure represented by the chemical formula (4). In the extracted ion thermogram obtained in this evaluation, a peak derived from the cationized product of TPTI having a peak top at m/z of 464.5 to 465.5 was detected. Therefore, in this example, the integrated intensity of the peak was defined as M2.

On the other hand, in the case of 4,4'-MDI, which is a diisocyanate, when the m/z of the structure represented by the above chemical formula (2) derived from 4,4'-MDI is in the range of 249.5 to 250.5, the above The structure represented by the chemical formula (2) was cationized and detected. The peak integrated intensity of the extracted ion thermogram corresponding to this structure was defined as (M3).

[Method for measuring elastic modulus]
The elastic modulus by SPM was measured by the following method using a scanning probe microscope (SPM) (trade name: MFP-3D-Origin, manufactured by Oxford Instruments).
First, samples were prepared as follows. For the obtained wiper blade, as shown in FIG. 7, a first edge formed by a first side surface and a tip surface was set, and a distance of 10 μm from the first edge was set in parallel with the first edge. Assuming that the first line segment of length L1 is drawn, the centers of gravity are points P0, P1 and P2 of 1/8L, 1/2L and 7/8L from one end side of the line segment. , three 2 mm square measurement samples having one side parallel to the first line segment were cut out. Next, from each measurement sample, using a cryomicrotome (UC-6 (product name), manufactured by Leica Microsystems), a 100 μm square with one side parallel to the first line segment with P0, P1, and P2 as the center of gravity, Polyurethane flakes with a thickness of 1 µm were cut at -50°C. Three measurement samples were thus prepared. Each of the obtained measurement samples was placed on a smooth silicon wafer and left in an environment of room temperature 25° C. and humidity 50% for 24 hours.

Next, the silicon wafer on which the measurement sample was placed was set on the SPM stage, and SPM observation was performed. The spring constant and proportionality constant of the silicon cantilever (trade name: OMCL-AC160, manufactured by Olympus, tip curvature radius: 8 nm) were confirmed in advance by the thermal noise method equipped with this SPM device to be as follows ( spring constant: 30.22 nN/nm, proportionality constant: 82.59 nm/V).
Also, the cantilever was tuned in advance, and the resonant frequencies of the cantilever were obtained (285 KHz (first order) and 1.60 MHz (higher order)).
The SPM measurement mode is AM-FM mode, the free amplitude of the cantilever is 3 V, the set point amplitude is 2 V (first order) and 25 mV (high order), the field of view is 70 μm × 70 μm, the scan speed is 1 Hz, and the number of scan points is A phase image was acquired by scanning under conditions of 256 vertical and 256 horizontal. The field of view was selected such that P0, P1 and P2 of each measurement sample existed in the center of the field of view and one side was parallel to the first line segment.
From the obtained phase image, a portion of the measurement sample to be subjected to elastic modulus measurement by force curve measurement was specified. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, each point P0, P1, and P2 in the 70 μm×70 μm phase image is the center of gravity, and one side has a length parallel to the first line segment. Positions corresponding to 70000 points with a pitch of 0.1 μm in length and width in a rectangular region having sides of 70 μm and a length of 10 μm where one side perpendicularly intersects the first line segment are used as measurement points. specified.

Thereafter, force curve measurement in contact mode was performed once at each point. Acquisition of the force curve was performed under the following conditions. In the force curve measurement, the piezo element, which is the driving source of the cantilever, is controlled so that the tip of the cantilever contacts the surface of the sample and bends at a constant value. The turning point at this time is called a trigger value, which indicates how much the voltage increases from the deflection voltage at the start of the force curve, at which the cantilever turns back. In this measurement, the trigger value was set to 0.2 V and the force curve was measured. As other force curve measurement conditions, the distance from the tip position of the cantilever in the standby state until the cantilever turns back at the trigger value is 500 nm, and the scanning speed is 1 Hz (the speed at which the probe reciprocates once). After that, fitting based on the Hertz theory was performed one by one on the obtained force curves to calculate the elastic modulus. The elastic modulus (Young's modulus) according to Hertz theory is calculated by the following formula (*1).

Formula (*1)
F=(4/3)E ^* R ^1/2 d ^3/2
where F is the force exerted on the sample by the cantilever at the point of folding of the cantilever, E ^* is the composite modulus of elasticity, R is the radius of curvature of the tip of the cantilever (8 nm), and d is the force exerted on the sample at the point of folding of the cantilever. is the amount of deformation.

Then, d was calculated from the following formula (*2).
Formula (*2)
Calculated by d=Δz−D.
Δz is the amount of displacement of the piezo element from when the tip of the cantilever touches the sample until it is folded, and D is the amount of warp of the cantilever at the point of folding of the cantilever. D was calculated from the following formula (*3).

Formula (*3)
D=α・ΔV deflection
In the formula (*3), α is the proportionality constant (Invols constant) of the cantilever, and ΔVdeflection is the amount of change in the deflection voltage from when the cantilever starts contacting the sample until it bends.

Furthermore, F was calculated by the following formula (*4).
Formula (*4)
F=κ・D
κ is the spring constant of the cantilever.
Since ΔVdeflection and Δz are actually measured values, E ^* in formula (*1) was obtained from formulas (*1) to (*4). Furthermore, the desired elastic modulus (Young's modulus) Es was calculated from the following formula (*5).

Formula (*5)
1/E ^* =[(1−Vs ² )/Es]−[(1−Vi ² )/Ei]
Vs: Poisson's ratio of the sample (fixed at 0.33 in this example);
Vi: Poisson's ratio of the cantilever tip (in this example, the value for silicon is used);
Ei: Young's modulus of the cantilever tip (the value for silicon is used in this example).

Each of P0, P1, and P2 is the center of gravity, one side is 70 μm in length parallel to the first line segment, and one side is 10 μm in length and perpendicularly intersects the first line segment. The elastic modulus was measured at 70,000 points at a pitch of 0.1 μm in length and width in a rectangular observation area (three observation areas of 10 μm×70 μm). Then, the average value of the elastic modulus values calculated from a total of 210,000 force curves was taken as the elastic modulus of the first side surface.
Moreover, the standard deviation was calculated from the elastic modulus of a total of 210000 points. The coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus of the first side surface was calculated from the average value and standard deviation of the elastic modulus values according to Equation 1 below.
Formula (1): coefficient of variation (%) = standard deviation / average value of elastic modulus x 100

For the second side surface, the average value of the elastic modulus values of the second side surface and the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus of the second side surface were calculated in the same manner as described above. Table 3 shows the results.

<Evaluation of water wiping performance>
The wiping performance of the wiper blade was evaluated using a wiping performance test apparatus described in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) D5710:1998 (automobile parts--wiper arm and wiper blade). In this test, the wiper blade was attached while the backing blade was attached to the wiper blade, water droplets were sprayed onto the glass surface, which is the member to be cleaned, over the entire wiped surface, and the cleaning was performed under the following conditions.
After wiping the wiper blade once on the forward side (the direction in which the first side wipes the glass surface), the unwiped state on the glass surface is measured with a water sensitivity test paper (trade name: water sensitivity test paper) on the wiping surface. 20301) was contacted and confirmed. A water sensitivity test paper having a long side length of 76 mm and a short side length of 52 mm was used. At the position of the central part of the wiping direction of the wiping area, when the longitudinal central part of the wiper blade 200 was applied to the glass surface 220, the test paper was brought into contact with the long side of the water sensitivity test paper in the longitudinal direction of the wiper blade. (A in FIG. 11(a)).

Water sensitivity test paper in contact with the wiped surface is measured using a video microscope (trade name: DIGITAL MICROSCOPE VHX-5000, manufactured by Keyence Corporation) and a zoom lens (trade name: swing head zoom lens VH-ZST, manufactured by Keyence Corporation). Observation was made at an observation magnification of 50 times. As shown in FIG. 11(b), observation points were 8 points on the long side of the water sensitivity test paper and 3 points on the short side, for a total of 24 points. From the observed image, the ratio of the area of the portion not discolored by water ((area of the portion not discolored by water)/area of observation area at 50x magnification) x 100) was calculated, and 24 observations were made. It was calculated as an average value of locations (hereinafter referred to as water film removal area ratio (%)).

Similarly, after wiping once on the return side (the direction in which the second side wipes the glass surface), the unwiped state on the glass surface was checked by bringing a water sensitivity test paper into contact with the wiping surface.
Based on the calculated water film removal area ratio, the wiping performance was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. Using this result as the initial wiping performance, the initial evaluation results are shown in Table 3 as the wiping performance of the wiper blade.

Further, in the same manner as described above, five points were evenly distributed from the inner side to the outer end in the longitudinal direction of the wiper blade at the center of the wiping direction of the wiping area on the forward and return sides, respectively, as shown in FIG. 11(a). A water sensitivity test paper 230 was brought into contact, and the water film removal area ratio was similarly calculated. Calculate the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value from the water film removal area ratio of 10 points in total, 5 points each from the forward trip and return trip, and evaluate the ratio (%) to the average value as the variation in wiping performance, and wipe according to the following evaluation criteria. Performance unevenness was evaluated.

[Wiping conditions]
Wiping environment: temperature 20 ± 5 ° C, humidity 70% or more Judgment time: within 3 seconds after wiping Wiper blade length: 700 mm
Load applied to wiper blade: 18N/m
Wiping reciprocating speed of wiper blade: 55 times/min (1.65 m/sec in M zone)
Application of water: Water droplets are sprayed on the entire surface of the glass in the form of a mist.

[Water wiping performance evaluation criteria]
Rank A: Water film removal area ratio is 95% or more Rank B: Water film removal area ratio is 90% or more and less than 95% Rank C: Water film removal area ratio is 85% or more and less than 90% Rank D: Water film removal area ratio is 80% or more and less than 85% Rank E: Water film removal area ratio is less than 50%

[Water wiping performance unevenness evaluation criteria]
Rank A: Variation in wiping performance is less than 3% Rank B: Variation in wiping performance is 3% or more and less than 10% Rank C: Variation in wiping performance is 10% or more and less than 20% Rank D: Variation in wiping performance is 20% or more Less than 40% Rank E: Variation in wiping performance is 40% or more

<Evaluation of oil film wiping performance>
The wiping performance of the wiper blade was evaluated using a wiping performance test apparatus described in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) D5710:1998 (automobile parts--wiper arm and wiper blade). In this test, a wiper blade is attached, and silicone oil (trade name: KF-96-50cs, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) is applied to the entire surface to be wiped in a state that simulates an oil film on the glass surface that is the member to be cleaned. Cleaned on condition.
After one reciprocation of the wiper blade, the unwiped state on the glass surface was observed from the back side of the cleaned surface, and the effects on gloss unevenness and visibility were visually confirmed. The results were calculated as the ratio of the area from which the silicone oil film was removed to the area of the surface wiped by the wiper blade (hereinafter referred to as silicone oil film removal area ratio (%)).
Based on the calculated oil film removal area ratio, the wiping performance was evaluated according to the following criteria. Let this result be the initial wiping performance. The results are shown in Table 3 as the oil film wiping performance of the wiper blade.

[Wiping conditions]
Load applied to wiper blade: 18N/m
Wiping reciprocating speed of wiper blade: 55 times/min (1.65 m/sec in M zone)
〔Evaluation criteria〕
Rank A: Silicone oil film removal area ratio of 95% or more Rank B: Silicone oil film removal area ratio of 90% or more and less than 95% Rank C: Silicone oil film removal area ratio of 85% or more and less than 90% Rank D: Silicone oil Film-removed area ratio of 80% or more and less than 85% Rank E: Silicone oil film-removed area ratio of 70% or more and less than 80% Rank F: Silicone oil film-removed area ratio of less than 50%

[Examples 2 to 19]
A wiper was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the types and amounts of various materials for the prepolymer, the types and amounts of the various materials for the curing agent, and the shape of the wiper were as described in Tables 3 and 4. Blades were fabricated and evaluated.

The materials used are as follows.
MDI: 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (trade name: Millionate MT, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) (hereinafter also referred to as 4,4'-MDI, and simply referred to as "MDI" in the tables)
TTI: triphenylmethane-4,4′,4″-triisocyanate (trade name: Ultite Super CA, manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
TPTI: tris(phenylisocyanate) thiophosphate (trade name: Ultite Super CAII, manufactured by Toho Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
Glycerin: (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
TMP: Trimethylolpropane (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
PEN: Pentaerythritol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
MR200: Polymeric MDI (trade name: Millionate MR-200, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
MR400: Polymeric MDI (trade name: Millionate MR-400, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
M-200: Polymeric MDI (trade name: Cosmonate M-200, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)
PBA2500: polybutylene adipate polyester polyol with a number average molecular weight of 2500 (trade name: Nippon Run 3027, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
PBA1000: polybutylene adipate polyester polyol (trade name: Nippon Run 4009, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
PBA2000: polybutylene adipate polyester polyol with a number average molecular weight of 2000 (trade name: Nippon Run 4010, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
PHA1000: polyhexylene adipate polyester polyol (trade name: Nippolan 164, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, number average molecular weight 1000)
PHA2600: Polyhexylene adipate polyester polyol with a number average molecular weight of 2600 (trade name: Nipporan 136, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
PTG-2000SN: Polytetramethylene ether glycol with a number average molecular weight of 2000 (trade name: PTG-2000SN, manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.)
PTG1000SN: Polytetramethylene ether glycol with a number average molecular weight of 1000 (trade name: PTG-1000SN, manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.)
1,4-BD: 1,4-butanediol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
Polycat46: (trade name, manufactured by Air Products Japan)
No. 25: N,N'-dimethylhexanolamine (trade name Kaolizer No. 25, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
RX5: 2-[{2-(dimethylamino)ethyl}methylamino]ethanol (trade name: TOYOCAT-RX5, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)

[Example 20]
A 2 mm tip of the lip portion of a wiper blade fabricated in the same manner as in Example 14 was immersed in melted 4,4'-MDI at a temperature of 80° C. for 90 seconds. Thereafter, 4,4'-MDI adhering to the surface of the immersed portion of the wiper blade was wiped off using a sponge soaked with butyl acetate, and then heated at a temperature of 100°C for 30 minutes. After that, it was aged for 24 hours under an environment of a temperature of 23° C. and a relative humidity of 50% to form a hardened region at the tip of the lip portion. Thus, a wiper blade according to this example was obtained. This wiper blade was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 21]
A wiper blade manufactured in the same manner as in Example 19 was formed with a hardened region at the tip of the lip portion in the same manner as in Example 20. Thus, a wiper blade according to this example was produced. This wiper blade was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 22]
A 2 mm tip of the lip portion of the wiper blade produced in the same manner as in Example 18 was immersed in 4,4′-MDI melted at 80° C. for 90 seconds. Then, 4,4'-MDI adhering to the surface of the soaked portion of the wiper blade was wiped off using a sponge soaked with butyl acetate. After that, it was aged for 24 hours under an environment of a temperature of 23° C. and a relative humidity of 50% to form a hardened region at the tip of the lip portion. Thus, a wiper blade according to this example was produced. This wiper blade was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 23]
A wiper blade was produced in the same manner as in Example 19. Next, the lip portion of the wiper blade was irradiated with ultraviolet light so that the integrated ultraviolet light amount was 492 mJ/cm ² , thereby obtaining the wiper blade according to the present example. A low-pressure mercury ozoneless lamp (manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology Co., Ltd.) having a maximum emission wavelength peak at a wavelength of 254 nm was used as the ultraviolet light source. This wiper blade was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 24]
A wiper blade was produced in the same manner as in Example 13. Next, the lip portion of the wiper blade was irradiated with ultraviolet light so that the integrated ultraviolet light amount was 1968 mJ/cm ² , thereby obtaining the wiper blade according to the present example. A low-pressure mercury ozoneless lamp (manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology Co., Ltd.) having a maximum emission wavelength peak at a wavelength of 254 nm was used as the ultraviolet light source. This wiper blade was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 25]
A wiper blade was produced in the same manner as in Example 18. Next, the lip portion of the wiper blade was irradiated with ultraviolet light so that the integrated ultraviolet light amount was 3936 mJ/cm ² , thereby obtaining the wiper blade according to the present example. A low-pressure mercury ozoneless lamp (manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology Co., Ltd.) having a maximum emission wavelength peak at a wavelength of 254 nm was used as the ultraviolet light source. This wiper blade was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 26]
Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (hereinafter referred to as NBR) (trade name: JSR NBR N220S, manufactured by JSR) is 100 parts by mass, and carbon black (trade name: Toka Black #7360SB, manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.) is added in an amount of 75.0 parts by mass. Add 5.0 parts by mass of zinc oxide (trade name: zinc oxide 2, manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and 1.0 part by mass of zinc stearate (trade name: SZ-2000, manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), The mixture was kneaded for 15 minutes with a closed mixer adjusted to 50°C.
To this, 2.6 parts by mass of sulfur and 4.5 parts by mass of tetrabenzylthiuram sulfide (TBzTD) (trade name: Perkacit TBzTD, manufactured by Flexinth) were added as vulcanizing agents. Then, the mixture was kneaded for 10 minutes with a two-roll machine cooled to 25° C. to obtain a rubber composition. The obtained rubber composition was placed in a wiper blade molding die and vulcanized by heating at 170° C. for 20 minutes. After that, the mold was removed to obtain a wiper blade according to this example. The obtained wiper blade was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Comparative Example 1]
To 100 parts by mass of natural rubber, 50.0 parts by mass of carbon black (trade name: Toka Black #7360SB, manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.) and 5 parts of zinc oxide (trade name: Type 2 zinc oxide, manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 0 part by mass, 1.0 part by mass of zinc stearate (trade name: SZ-2000, manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), and 25 parts by mass of calcium carbonate (trade name: Nanox #30, manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd.) , and kneaded for 15 minutes in a closed type mixer adjusted to 50°C.
To this, 1.2 parts by mass of sulfur and 4.5 parts by mass of tetrabenzylthiuram sulfide (TBzTD) (trade name: Perkacit TBzTD, manufactured by Flexinth) were added as vulcanizing agents. Then, the mixture was kneaded for 10 minutes with a two-roll machine cooled to 25° C. to obtain a rubber composition. The obtained rubber composition was placed in a wiper blade molding die and vulcanized by heating at a temperature of 170° C. for 20 minutes. After that, the mold was removed to obtain a wiper blade according to this comparative example. The obtained wiper blade was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Comparative Example 2]
A wiper blade was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that a rubber composition obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 was used and the shape of the wiper was changed as shown in Table 6.
Compared to Comparative Example 1, although the macroscopic contact posture was upright, deformation increased in the microscopic region, and the contact width increased and the angle θ formed also decreased. Therefore, no improvement in performance was observed.

[Comparative Examples 3-4]
A wiper blade was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the rubber composition obtained in the same manner as in Example 26 was used and the shape of the wiper was changed as shown in Table 6.
Regarding Comparative Example 3, chattering was confirmed during wiping, and along with this, leakage of water or oil film on waves was confirmed.
As for Comparative Example 4, floating occurred due to water or oil film during wiping, and leakage was confirmed accordingly.

表３～６中、「往路当接姿勢」は、第１の側面側を評価したものであり、「復路当接姿勢」は第２の側面側を評価したものである。 Tables 3 to 6 show the evaluation results of the wiper blades according to each example and comparative example.

In Tables 3 to 6, the "outward contact posture" is the evaluation of the first side surface, and the "return contact posture" is the evaluation of the second side surface.

1: blade support portion, 2: neck, 3: lip portion, 4: taper portion, 5: first side surface, 6: second side surface, 7: tip surface, 8: first edge, 9: second , 10: member to be cleaned, 11: first line segment, 12: observation area

Claims (17)

A windshield wiper device comprising:
The wiper device comprises a wiper arm and a wiper blade attached to the wiper arm,
The wiper blade has a blade rubber and a blade stay that supports the blade rubber,
The blade rubber has a base portion, which is an attachment portion of the blade rubber to the blade stay, a lip portion, and a neck portion which pivotally connects the lip portion to the base portion,
at least part of the tip of the lip portion forms a contact portion with the windshield;
With the arm pressing force of the wiper arm set to 18 N/m, the lip portion of the wiper blade is brought into contact with the first surface of the glass plate, and the wiper blade is moved at a speed of 1.65 m/sec to remove the glass plate. In the A direction from the first point P1 to the second point P2 on the first surface, the blade rubber is moved 50 cm in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber and stopped.
The contact portion between the lip portion and the glass flat plate is observed from the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the glass flat plate, and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber of the contact portion is observed. When the width is the contact width A, the contact width A is 1.0 μm or more and 20.0 μm or less, and
When the blade rubber is observed from the longitudinal side of the blade rubber using an optical microscope at a magnification of 200,
In the contact portion between the lip portion and the glass flat plate, the farthest portion from the P1 is defined as a point Q1, and at a position 200 μm from the point Q1 toward the A direction, the first surface of the glass flat plate When a perpendicular line is drawn against the lip portion and the first intersection point of the perpendicular line with the lip portion is a point Q2, the angle formed by the straight line connecting the point Q1 and the point Q2 and the first surface of the glass flat plate A wiper device characterized in that θ is 20° or more and 80° or less. 2. A wiper device according to claim 1, wherein the standard deviation of said contact width A is 6.00 [mu]m or less. With the arm pressing force of the wiper arm set to 10 N/m, the lip portion of the wiper blade is brought into contact with the first surface of the glass plate, and the wiper blade is moved at a speed of 1.65 m/sec to move the glass plate. 50 cm in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber in the A direction from the first point P1 to the second point P2 on the first surface of the blade rubber, and in a stopped state,
The contact portion between the lip portion and the glass plate is observed from the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the glass plate, and the width of the contact portion in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber is measured. , the contact width B,
3. The wiper device according to claim 1, wherein the load dependency of the contact width calculated from the contact width A and the corresponding contact width B by the following formula (A) is 0.01 μm to 0.60 μm. .
Contact width load dependence (μm/(N/m))
= (contact width A (μm)−contact width B (μm))/(load 18 (N/m)−load 10 (N/m)) (A) With the arm pressing force of the wiper arm set to 18 N/m, the lip portion of the wiper blade is brought into contact with the first surface of the glass flat plate, and the wiper blade is moved at a speed of 0.60 m/sec to move the glass flat plate. 50 cm in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber in the A direction from the first point P1 to the second point P2 on the first surface of the blade rubber, and in a stopped state,
When the blade rubber is observed from the longitudinal side of the blade rubber using an optical microscope at a magnification of 200 times,
In the contact portion between the lip portion and the glass flat plate, the farthest portion from the P1 is defined as a point Q1. When a perpendicular is drawn and the first intersection of the perpendicular with the lip portion is assumed to be point Q2, the angle formed by the straight line connecting points Q1 and Q2 and the first surface of the glass flat plate is defined as θ'.
The wiping speed dependency of the formed angle θ calculated from the formed angle θ and the formed angle θ′ by the following formula (B) is 0.2% to 18.5%. or a wiper device according to claim 1.
Wiping speed dependence (%) =
(Angle θ′−Angle θ)/Angle θ×100 (B) The lip portion has a shoulder portion extending laterally from the neck portion at the end of the lip portion on the neck portion side, and the neck portion length NL in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber. A wiper device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ratio (SL/NL) of the length SL of the shoulder portion to the length SL is 0.37 to 9.00. The wiper device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tensile stress when the tip portion of the lip portion is stretched by 50% by a tensile tester is 1.8 MPa to 20.0 MPa. The lip portion has a tapered portion in which a cross section of the blade rubber in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction has a width gradually decreasing in a direction away from the base portion from a side close to the base portion,
The lip portion
a first side surface and a second side surface contiguous from the tapered portion;
a tip surface forming a first edge and a second edge on a side of the lip portion farthest from the base portion together with the first side surface and the second side surface;
Assuming that a first line segment is drawn on the first side surface parallel to the first edge and the distance from the first edge is 10 μm,
Let the length of the first line segment be L1,
(1/8) L1, (1/2) L1, and (7/8) L1 points from one end side on the first line segment are P0, P1, and P2, respectively;
The center of gravity of each point of the P0, the P1, and the P2 of the first side surface is a side having a length of 70 μm parallel to the first line segment, and one side is the first side Using a scanning probe microscope, the elastic modulus of each 70000 points on the first side at a pitch of 0.1 μm for each of the three rectangular observation areas having sides of 10 μm in length perpendicular to the line segment of The average value of a total of 210,000 elastic modulus values obtained when measured is 15.0 MPa to 470.0 MPa,
Assuming that a second line segment is drawn on the second side surface parallel to the second edge and the distance from the second edge is 10 μm,
Let the length of the second line segment be L2,
(1/8) L2, (1/2) L2, and (7/8) L2 points from one end side on the second line segment are P3, P4, and P5, respectively;
The center of gravity of each of the points P3, P4, and P5 of the second side surface is 70 μm in length parallel to the second line segment, and the second side Measure the elastic modulus of each 70,000 points of the second side at a pitch of 0.1 μm for each of three rectangular observation areas having sides of 10 μm in length perpendicular to the line segment of , using a scanning probe microscope. The wiper device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an average value of a total of 210,000 elastic modulus values obtained when the wiper is 15.0 MPa to 470.0 MPa. In measuring the elastic modulus of the first side,
The average value of the elastic modulus values is 32.0 MPa or more and 62.0 MPa or less,
In measuring the elastic modulus of the second side,
The wiper device according to claim 7, wherein the average value of the elastic modulus values is 32.0 MPa or more and 62.0 MPa or less. In measuring the elastic modulus of the first side,
The coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus is 17.6% or less,
In measuring the elastic modulus of the second side,
A wiper device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the coefficient of variation of said elastic modulus is 17.6% or less. In measuring the elastic modulus of the first side,
The coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus is 6.0% or less,
In measuring the elastic modulus of the second side,
The wiper device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus is 6.0% or less. The lip portion contains polyurethane,
10. The polyurethane comprises a reactant of a raw material composition containing at least one of an alcohol containing a tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol and an isocyanate compound containing a tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate. A wiper device according to claim 1. A wiper device according to claim 11, wherein said alcohol further comprises a diol. A wiper device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein said isocyanate compound further comprises a diisocyanate. The lip portion has a tapered portion in which a cross section of the blade rubber in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction has a width gradually decreasing in a direction away from the base portion from a side close to the base portion,
The lip portion
a first side surface and a second side surface that constitute the tapered portion;
a tip surface forming a first edge and a second edge on a side of the lip portion farthest from the base portion together with the first side surface and the second side surface;
On the first side and the second side of the lip portion, parallel to the first edge and the second edge respectively, the distance between the first edge and the second edge is 0.0. Assuming that a line segment of 5 mm is drawn, the length of the line segment is L ', and the points of 1/8L', 1/2L', and 7/8L' from one end side on the line segment are respectively, Let P0′, P1′, and P2′ be
The mass of the direct sample introduction system in which the sample sampled at each of the P0′, P1′ and P2′ of the first side and the second side is heated and vaporized in the ionization chamber to ionize the sample molecules. Obtained when heated to 1000 ° C. at a heating rate of 10 ° C./s using an analyzer,
Let the detected amount of all ions be M1,
The integrated intensity of the peak of the extracted ion thermogram corresponding to the m / z value range derived from the trifunctional or higher polyfunctional isocyanate is M2,
When the integrated intensity of the peak of the extracted ion thermogram corresponding to the m / z value range derived from the diisocyanate is M3,
In the first aspect, M2/M1 is 0.0010 to 0.0150 and M3/M1 is 0.0200 to 0.1100,
A wiper device according to claim 13, wherein in the second aspect M2/M1 is between 0.0010 and 0.0150 and M3/M1 is between 0.0200 and 0.1100. The lip portion has a tapered portion in which a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the blade rubber has a width gradually decreasing in a direction away from the base portion from a side close to the base portion,
The lip portion
a first side surface and a second side surface that constitute the tapered portion;
a tip surface forming a first edge and a second edge on a side of the lip portion farthest from the base portion together with the first side surface and the second side surface;
On the first side and the second side of the lip portion, parallel to the first edge and the second edge respectively, the distance between the first edge and the second edge is 0.0. Assuming that a line segment of 5 mm is drawn, the length of the line segment is L ', and the points of 1/8L', 1/2L', and 7/8L' from one end side on the line segment are respectively, Let P0′, P1′, and P2′ be
When the samples sampled at each of the P0', the P1' and the P2' of the first side and the second side are measured by pyrolytic GC/MS,
In the first aspect, the concentration of the tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol in the polyurethane is 0.04 mmol/g to 0.39 mmol/g,
The wiper device according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein, in the second aspect, the concentration of tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol in the polyurethane is 0.04 mmol/g to 0.39 mmol/g. The wiper device according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the tri- or higher polyfunctional alcohol contains at least one selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane and glycerin. At least the tri- or higher polyfunctional isocyanate is selected from the group consisting of triphenylmethane-4,4′,4″-triisocyanate (TTI), tris(phenylisocyanate) thiophosphate (TPTI) and polymeric MDI A wiper device according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the wiper device is one.

Images