JP2023074110A - Driving device and liquid discharge head - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a driving device capable of suppressing variation of contact resistance and stabilizing a driving operation when electricity is conducted via a conductive elastic member.SOLUTION: A driving device of an embodiment comprises: an operation unit; a driving unit; a conductive housing; a conductive reference member; and a conductive elastic member. A driving element is disposed in the operation unit. The driving unit includes an electronic component for driving the driving element. The conductive housing stores the driving unit. The conductive reference member is spaced apart from the housing. The conductive reference member defines a positional relationship with the operation unit. The conductive elastic member biases a first part to the reference member, and a second part to the housing. The reference member and the housing are conducted to each other via the elastic member, and then a current pulse is applied.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present invention relate to a driving device and a liquid ejection head.

A liquid ejection head that ejects liquid is known. A liquid ejection head is installed in, for example, an inkjet printer, a 3D printer, a dispensing device, or the like. An inkjet printer ejects ink droplets from an inkjet head to form an image or the like on the surface of a recording medium. A 3D printer ejects droplets of a modeling material from a modeling material ejection head and hardens them to form a three-dimensional model. The pipetting device discharges droplets of a sample to supply a predetermined amount to a plurality of containers or the like.

The inkjet head drives an actuator to eject ink from nozzles. A drive circuit including a drive IC for driving the actuator and electronic components is accommodated in the conductive housing of the inkjet head. The housing has the role of a heat sink that releases heat from electronic components that generate heat during operation, and the role of a shield box that suppresses the emission of radiation noise.

The inkjet head has a reference plate that defines the positional relationship with the nozzles. The reference plate also serves as a fixing member when attaching the inkjet head to the inkjet printer. Therefore, if the reference plate is fixed to the inkjet printer, the nozzles are positioned at predetermined coordinate positions within the printer.

The inkjet head electrically connects the housing and the reference plate via a conductive member so that static electricity can be discharged to the main body of the inkjet printer when static electricity is applied. However, there is a concern that the positional relationship between the nozzle and the reference plate may change if a force that presses the reference plate acts through the conductive member. For this reason, an elastic material such as a spring is used as the conductive member. However, if an oil film or an oxide film is interposed between the spring and the housing or between the spring and the reference plate, the contact resistance increases. As a result, the state of static electricity discharge paths and radiation noise varies from one inkjet head to another, and the quality of printing may not be stable.

JP 2005-241426 A JP-A-2000-90796 JP-A-6-227329 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-227001

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a driving device and a liquid ejection head that can suppress variations in contact resistance when a conductive elastic member is energized to make it conductive, and can stabilize the driving operation. That's what it is.

A drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises an action section, a drive section, a conductive housing, a conductive reference member, and a conductive elastic member. A driving element is arranged in the operating part. The drive section includes electronic components that drive the drive elements. A conductive housing accommodates the drive unit. A conductive reference member is spaced apart from the housing. A conductive reference member defines a positional relationship with the operating portion. A conductive elastic member has a first portion that biases the reference member and a second portion that biases the housing. A current pulse is applied to the reference member and the housing after they are electrically connected through the elastic member.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of an inkjet printer provided with an inkjet head according to an embodiment; FIG. It is a perspective view of the said inkjet head. It is an internal block diagram of the said inkjet head. It is a side view of the said inkjet head. 3 is a configuration diagram of actuators and a control system of the inkjet head; FIG. It is process drawing explaining the assembly process of the said inkjet head. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram when applying a current pulse to the inkjet head; It is the measurement result of the resistance value when the above current pulse is applied.

Hereinafter, drive devices and liquid ejection heads according to embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same structure is attached with the same code|symbol.

A drive device according to an embodiment will be described in detail by taking a liquid ejection head as an example. The liquid ejection head is, for example, an inkjet head installed in an inkjet printer 10 that forms an image on a recording medium. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an inkjet printer 10. As shown in FIG. The inkjet printer 10 includes a housing 11 of the inkjet printer, which includes a cassette 12 for storing sheets S, which are an example of a recording medium, an upstream transport path 13 for the sheets S, and a transport belt for transporting the sheets S taken out from the cassette 12 . 14. A plurality of inkjet heads 100 to 103 for ejecting ink droplets toward the sheet S on the transport belt 14, a downstream transport path 15 for the sheet S, a discharge tray 16, and a control board 17 are arranged. An operation unit 18, which is a user interface, is arranged on the upper side of the housing 11 of the inkjet printer.

Image data to be printed on the sheet S is generated by the computer 200, which is an externally connected device, for example. Image data generated by computer 200 is sent to control board 17 of inkjet printer 10 through cable 201 and connectors 202 and 203 .

The pickup roller 204 supplies the sheets S one by one from the cassette 12 to the upstream transport path 13 . The upstream conveying path 13 is composed of feed roller pairs 131 and 132 and sheet guide plates 133 and 134 . The sheet S is sent to the upper surface of the conveying belt 14 via the upstream conveying path 13 . An arrow 104 in the drawing indicates the conveying path of the sheet S from the cassette 12 to the conveying belt 14 .

The conveying belt 14 is a net-like endless belt with a large number of through holes formed on its surface. Three rollers, a driving roller 141 and driven rollers 142 and 143, support the conveying belt 14 so as to be rotatable. The motor 205 rotates the transport belt 14 by rotating the driving roller 141 . Reference numeral 105 in the drawing indicates the direction of rotation of the conveyor belt 14 . A negative pressure container 206 is arranged on the back side of the conveying belt 14 . The negative pressure container 206 is connected to a decompression fan 207 . The fan 207 creates a negative pressure in the negative pressure container 206 by the generated air current, and causes the upper surface of the conveying belt 14 to adsorb and hold the sheet S. FIG. Reference numeral 106 in the figure indicates the air flow.

The inkjet heads 100 to 103, which are examples of liquid ejection heads, are arranged so as to face the sheet S sucked and held on the conveying belt 14 with a slight gap of, for example, 1 mm. The inkjet heads 100 to 103 eject ink droplets toward the sheet S, respectively. The inkjet heads 100-103 print an image when the sheet S passes below. Each of the inkjet heads 100 to 103 has the same structure except that the colors of ink ejected are different. Ink colors are, for example, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black.

The inkjet heads 100-103 are connected to ink tanks 315-318 and ink supply pressure adjusting devices 321-324 via ink flow paths 311-314, respectively. Each ink tank 315-318 is arranged above each inkjet head 100-103. Each of the ink supply pressure adjusting devices 321 to 324 keeps the inside of each of the inkjet heads 100 to 103 negative with respect to the atmospheric pressure so that the ink does not leak from the nozzles 23 (see FIG. 2) of the inkjet heads 100 to 103 during standby. The pressure is adjusted to -1.2 kPa, for example. During image formation, the ink in each of the ink tanks 315-318 is supplied to each of the inkjet heads 100-103 by the ink supply pressure adjusting devices 321-324.

After image formation, the sheet S is fed from the conveying belt 14 to the downstream conveying path 15 . The downstream conveying path 15 is composed of feed roller pairs 151 , 152 , 153 and 154 and sheet guide plates 155 and 156 that define the conveying path of the sheet S. As shown in FIG. The sheet S is sent to the discharge tray 16 from the discharge port 157 via the downstream conveying path 15 . An arrow 107 in the drawing indicates the conveying path of the sheet S. FIG.

Next, configurations of the inkjet heads 100 to 103 will be described. Although the inkjet head 100 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5, the inkjet heads 101 to 103 have the same structure as the inkjet head 100.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the inkjet head 100. FIG. FIG. 3 is an internal configuration diagram of the inkjet head 100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of the inkjet head 100 viewed in the X direction. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an actuator and a control system that are driven when ejecting ink. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the inkjet head 100 includes a head section 2, which is an example of an operating section. The head section 2 includes a nozzle plate 21 and an actuator substrate 22 . The nozzle plate 21 is a rectangular plate made of resin such as polyimide or metal such as stainless steel. The nozzles 23 that eject ink are arranged along the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the nozzle plate 21 . The nozzle density is set within a range of 150 to 1200 dpi, for example. The nozzles 23 are not limited to be arranged in one row, and may be arranged in two or more rows. 2 and 3 show a small number of nozzles 23 for convenience of drawing.

The actuator substrate 22 is a rectangular substrate made of insulating ceramics, for example. The actuator 4 that is operated when ejecting ink is arranged on the actuator substrate 22 (see FIG. 5). A detailed configuration of the actuator 4 will be described later. The actuator 4 is an example of a drive element arranged in the action section.

The actuator substrate 22 is arranged on one surface of an ink supply manifold 24 formed in a rectangular shape, for example. The actuator substrate 22 and the ink supply manifold 24 are fixed with an adhesive, for example. The ink supply manifold 24 is connected to the ink supply pressure adjusting device 321 of FIG. 1 via the ink flow path 311 . When ink is circulated and supplied to the ink supply manifold 24 , the ink flow path 311 connects two of the supply flow path and the discharge flow path to the ink supply manifold 24 .

The ink supply manifold 24 is made of, for example, an insulating material. The insulating material is resin, for example. The ink supply manifold 24 forms a common ink chamber (not shown) inside. Ink ejected from the nozzles 23 is supplied from a common ink chamber.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 3, the actuator board 22 is connected to the printed board 31 through the flexible printed wiring board 3. As shown in FIG. The printed board 31 is further connected to an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuits) cable 32 . The other end of the FPC cable 32 is electrically connected to the control board 17 of the inkjet printer 10 . The flexible printed wiring board 3 is mounted with a drive IC (Integrated Circuit) 33 which is a driver chip (hereinafter referred to as a drive IC). A preferred example of the flexible printed wiring board 3 is COF (Chip on Film). The printed circuit board 31 is, for example, a rigid through-hole board in which an epoxy resin layer containing glass fiber and a copper wiring layer are laminated in multiple layers. Print data sent from the control board 17 of the inkjet printer 10 is input to the printed board 31 via the FPC cable 32 . The drive IC 33 temporarily stores print data sent via the printed circuit board 31 , outputs a drive signal for ejecting ink at a predetermined timing, and supplies the drive signal to the actuator 4 .

Here, the configuration and control system of the actuator 4 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of pressure chambers 41 and air chambers 42 are alternately arranged in the actuator substrate 22 along the first direction, for example, the X direction. Pressure chamber 41 communicates with nozzle 23 . The pressure chamber 41 communicates with a common ink chamber (not shown) of the ink supply manifold 24 . On the other hand, the air chamber 42 arranged adjacent to the pressure chamber 41 is, for example, a closed space that does not communicate with the nozzles 23 and a common ink chamber (not shown).

The pressure chamber 41 and the air chamber 42 are formed by forming two piezoelectric members 43 and 44, which are laminated on the actuator substrate 22 such that their polarization directions are opposite to each other (opposing directions as an example), arranged in a rectangular shape along a second direction, such as the Y direction. It is formed by notching in the shape of a groove. That is, the pressure chamber 41 and the air chamber 42 are partitioned using the piezoelectric members 43 and 44 as side walls.

The electrodes 45 are integrally formed on the bottom surface and both side surfaces of the pressure chamber 41 cut in the shape of a groove. Electrodes 45 of the pressure chambers 41 are connected to individual wires 46, which are wiring electrodes. The electrodes 47 are integrally formed on the bottom surface and both side surfaces of the air chamber 42 . An electrode 47 of the air chamber 42 is connected to a common wiring 48 which is a wiring electrode. The electrodes 45 and 47 are made of, for example, nickel thin films.

The individual wiring 46 is connected to the driver D (that is, drive circuit) of the drive IC 33 mounted on the flexible printed wiring board 3 . The drive IC 33 applies a drive voltage V1 as a drive signal to the actuators 4 of the ink ejection channels (#1ch, #2ch, . . . #Nch). On the other hand, the common wiring 48 is connected to the ground (GND), for example. With this configuration, the actuator 4 to which the drive voltage V1 (for example, positive voltage) is applied is applied with an electric field in a direction intersecting (preferably, perpendicularly) the polarization axes of the piezoelectric members 43 and 44, and the pressure chamber 41 in the X direction. The sidewalls on both sides deform symmetrically in the X direction in shear mode. That is, the volume of the pressure chamber 41 expands and ink is supplied from the ink supply manifold 24 . Next, when a ground voltage (for example, 0 V) is applied to the actuator 4, the side walls on both sides in the X direction return to the state before deformation in the shear mode. That is, the volume of the pressure chamber 41 shrinks, the ink pressure increases, and ink droplets are ejected from the nozzle 23 .

The flexible printed wiring board 3 and the printed circuit board 31 are an example of a driving section. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the housing 5 accommodates the flexible printed wiring board 3 and the printed circuit board 31 therein. The housing 5 is made of a conductive material such as metal. An example of a metal is aluminum. The housing 5 has an openable and closable structure in which a first box-shaped member 51 and a second box-shaped member 52 are joined to face each other. The first box-shaped member 51 and the second box-shaped member 52 are fixed by fixing members 53 arranged at the four corners, for example. The fixing member 53 is, for example, a screw. The fixing member 53 is made of a conductive material such as metal to ensure conduction between the first box-shaped member 51 and the second box-shaped member 52 and reduce the contact resistance of the contact surface.

The housing 5 is connected to the ground (GND) through the circuit of the printed circuit board 31 housed inside. As an example, the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 and the common wiring 48 of the printed circuit board 31, for example, are electrically connected by a conductive fixing member 54 such as metal (see FIG. 5). The fixing member 54 is, for example, a screw. A common wiring 48 of the printed circuit board 31 is connected to the ground through the FPC cable 32 . In this way, the flexible printed wiring board 3 and the printed circuit board 31, which are an example of the drive unit, are surrounded by the conductive housing 5, and a part of the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 is housed inside. By connecting to the ground, it is possible to suppress emission of radiation noise. That is, the housing 5 functions as a shield box that suppresses emission of radiation noise.

The housing 5 has openings 55 and 56 on both end faces in the third direction, for example, the Z direction. The flexible printed wiring board 3 is connected to the actuator substrate 22 through the opening 55 . The FPC cable 32 is pulled out from inside the housing 5 through the opening 56 .

The housing 5 is fixed to one surface of the ink supply manifold 24 with the insulating member 25 interposed therebetween, for example, by a fixing member 57 . The fixing member 57 is, for example, a screw. The insulating member 25 is, for example, plate-shaped rubber. The ink supply manifold 24 has a metal plate 27 arranged on the side opposite to the side to which the housing 5 is connected, with an insulating member 26 interposed therebetween. The insulating member 26 is, for example, plate-shaped rubber. The metal plate 27 is, for example, an aluminum plate. The fixing member 57 integrally fixes the housing 5 , the insulating member 25 , the ink supply manifold 24 , the insulating member 26 and the metal plate 27 .

A reference plate 6, which is an example of a reference member, is arranged on one surface of the ink supply manifold 24 on the side opposite to the nozzle plate 21 and fixed with an adhesive, for example. The reference plate 6 is positioned so that the three-dimensional coordinate positional relationship with the nozzles 23 is a predetermined positional relationship. That is, when the inkjet head 100 is assembled, the nozzles 23 and the reference plate 6 are aligned with each other so as to have a predetermined positional relationship. Since a plurality of nozzles 23 are formed on the nozzle plate 21, for example, alignment with the reference nozzle 23 may be performed. The reference plate 6 also serves as a fixing member for attaching the inkjet head 100 to the inkjet printer 10 . Therefore, by attaching the reference plate 6 to the inkjet printer 10, the nozzles 23 can be positioned at predetermined coordinate positions. As a result, it is possible to suppress deterioration in print quality due to misalignment of the nozzles 23 .

The reference plate 6 is made of a conductive material such as metal. An example of metal is stainless steel. The reference plate 6 is spaced apart from the housing 5 so as not to come into contact with it. That is, for example, in the manufacturing process of the inkjet head 100 , the positional relationship between the nozzles 23 and the reference plate 6 is prevented from being shifted by pushing the reference plate 6 when mounting the housing 5 . The reference plate 6 and the housing 5 are arranged so as not to be in direct contact with each other. It is electrically connected to the reference plate 6 . A preferred example of the conductive elastic member is the coil spring 61 . The material of the coil spring 61 is phosphor bronze (C5191), for example. The coil spring 61 is arranged, for example, in a guide hole 62 formed in the second box-shaped member 52 . A guide hole 62 is formed in the outer peripheral wall of the second box-shaped member 52 facing one surface of the reference plate 6 . The guide hole 62 penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the second box-shaped member 52 in the second direction, for example, the Y direction. The coil spring 61 is arranged in a compressed state inside the guide hole 62 . That is, the coil spring 61 in the compressed state is urged against the reference plate 6 at one end, which is the first part, and against the housing 5 (first box-shaped member 51) at the other end, which is the second part. ing.

The guide hole 62 is cylindrical, for example. The size of the guide hole 62 is, for example, 2 mm in diameter and 5 to 6 mm in length. The coil spring 61 has a diameter smaller than that of the guide hole 62 and a length longer than the length of the guide hole 62 in the Y direction. As a result, the coil spring 61 is compressed inside the guide hole 62 . The coil spring 61 biases the reference plate 6 and the housing 5 by its restoring action, and electrically connects the reference plate 6 and the housing 5. However, if a coil spring 61 with a large elastic force is used, the force pushing the reference plate 6 will be large. Since it becomes strong, the material with the smallest possible elastic force is adopted. Therefore, if there is an oil film, an oxide film, or the like at the contact portion between the coil spring 61 and the housing 5 or between the coil spring 61 and the reference plate 6, the contact resistance changes accordingly. That is, the contact resistance tends to vary among the inkjet heads 100 . Therefore, in the present embodiment, in the manufacturing process of the inkjet head 100 , the current pulse is applied after the housing 5 and the reference plate 6 are electrically connected via the coil spring 61 .

FIG. 6 shows the assembly process of the inkjet head 100 . FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram when a current pulse is applied between the housing 5 and the reference plate 6. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6A, the prefabricated head section 2, ink supply manifold 24, reference plate 6 and ink flow path 311 are fixed together. At this time, the nozzles 23 and the reference plate 6 are positioned and fixed so that the positional relationship becomes a predetermined positional relationship. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6B, the second box-shaped member 52 of the housing 5 is fixed to the ink supply manifold 24 with a fixing member 57 . The flexible printed wiring board 3 and the printed circuit board 31 are arranged in the second box-shaped member 52 in advance, and fixed to the second box-shaped member 52 by, for example, a fixing member 54 that connects the housing 5 to the ground. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6(c), the coil spring 61 is inserted into the guide hole 62, and the first box-shaped member 51 is covered. The coil spring 61 is pushed by the first box-shaped member 51 to be in a compressed state. As a result, the housing 5 and the reference plate 6 are electrically connected via the coil spring 61 . Subsequently, the first box-shaped member 51 and the second box-shaped member 52 are fixed by the fixing member 53 .

After the inkjet head 100 is assembled in this manner, the current pulse source 7 and the voltmeter 71 are connected to the inkjet head 100 as shown in FIG. FIG. 7 omits part of the configuration of the inkjet head 100 for convenience of drawing. The current pulse source 7 has, for example, a positive electrode electrically connected to the fixing member 53 of the housing 5 and a negative electrode electrically connected to the reference plate 6 . Similarly, the voltmeter 71 has its positive electrode electrically connected to the fixing member 53 of the housing 5 and its negative electrode electrically connected to the reference plate 6 , for example.

A current pulse source 7 applies a current pulse between the housing 5 and the reference plate 6 . The voltmeter 71 measures the voltage between the housing 5 and the reference plate 6 while applying the current pulse. That is, the resistance value between the housing 5 and the reference plate 6 is obtained. In the application of current pulses, constant current pulses are applied multiple times at regular intervals. As for the current to be applied, a current value that destroys the oil film or oxide film is selected. A current value that destroys the oil film or oxide film is set to 1 A, for example. As a preferred example, a current pulse is applied with an amplitude of 1 A, a pulse width of 1 second, and 5 cycles at 2-second intervals. As a result, even if there is an oil film or an oxide film on the contact portion between the coil spring 61 and the housing 5 and the contact portion between the coil spring 61 and the reference plate 6, they can be destroyed by applying a large current.

FIG. 8(a) shows the resistance values when six ink jet heads 100 were manufactured and current pulses were applied with an amplitude of 1 A, a pulse width of 1 second, and an interval of 2 seconds for 5 cycles. Thus, by applying a predetermined current pulse, the variation in resistance value is reduced (σ=0.05). On the other hand, FIG. 8B shows the resistance values when six ink jet heads 100 were manufactured and current pulses were applied with an amplitude of 10 mA, a pulse width of 1 second, and 5 cycles of 2-second intervals. In this case, since the oil film and the oxide film cannot be destroyed and the resistance value varies (σ=0.30), it is desirable to reduce the resistance value variation by increasing the current value. The current value is preferably 1A, but may be 1A or more. The application of the current pulse may leave welding marks on the contact portion between the coil spring 61 and the housing 5 and the contact portion between the coil spring 61 and the reference plate 6 .

According to the above-described embodiment, by applying a current pulse after the housing 5 and the reference plate 6 are electrically connected via the coil spring 61, it is possible to suppress the influence of the oil film, the oxide film, etc. on the contact resistance. can be done. As a result, it is possible to suppress variations in the discharge path of static electricity and the state of radiation noise for each inkjet head 100, thereby stabilizing print quality.

Although the coil spring 61 is given as a preferable example of the conductive elastic member, other elastic members such as a leaf spring may be used as a modification.

The inkjet head 100 is not limited to the shear mode type actuator 4 in which the pressure chambers 41 and the air chambers 42 are alternately arranged. The actuator 4 may be a shear mode shear wall type actuator 4 in which the pressure chambers 41 are continuously arranged. Alternatively, a drop-on-demand piezo type actuator or the like may be used.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the inkjet head 100 of the inkjet printer 10 was described as an example of a liquid ejection head, but the liquid ejection head may be a modeling material ejection head of a 3D printer or a sample ejection head of a dispensing device. good.

Embodiments of the invention are provided by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and its equivalents.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 inkjet printer 100 to 103 inkjet head 22 actuator substrate 23 nozzle 3 flexible printed wiring board 31 printed circuit board 33 IC
4 actuator 5 housing 6 reference plate 7 current pulse source 71 voltmeter D driver (driving circuit)

Claims (5)

An operating section having a drive element disposed thereon, a drive section including an electronic component for driving the drive element, a conductive housing for housing the drive section, and the operating section spaced apart from the housing. and a conductive elastic member having a first portion biased against the housing and a second portion biased against the reference member;
A driving device, wherein a current pulse is applied between the housing and the reference member after the housing and the reference member are electrically connected by the elastic member. 2. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein the application of the current pulse is performed by applying a constant current pulse a plurality of times at regular intervals. 2. The application of the current pulse has a current value that destroys an oil film and an oxide film at a contact portion between the elastic member and the housing and/or between the elastic member and the reference member. 3. The driving device according to 2. 4. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is accommodated in a compressed state in a guide hole formed in a surface of the housing facing the reference member. An operation unit in which a nozzle for ejecting liquid and an actuator are arranged, a driving unit including an IC (Integrated Circuit) for driving the actuator, a conductive housing that houses the driving unit, and the housing are separated from each other. a conductive reference member that is a fixing member when attached to an apparatus and defines the positional coordinates of the nozzle, and a first portion that biases the housing and a second portion that is the reference member. a conductive elastic member biased to
A liquid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein a current pulse is applied between said housing and said reference member after electrically connecting said housing and said reference member with said elastic member.

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