JP2023056610A - oil fence device - Google Patents

Abstract

To realize quick sinking with short sinking time by securing smooth sinking from a forced sinking portion toward an air supply/exhaust connection portion regardless of an inner diameter size of an air supply/exhaust hose.SOLUTION: A plurality of floating and sinking oil fences 1 are connected to surround a mooring facility 101 in a harbor and a moored tanker T. There are provided two air supply/exhaust connection portions 12 performing air supply/exhaust of floats 7, to make the floating and sinking oil fences 1 float and sink by supplying and exhausting air. There is provided a forced sinking portion buoyancy body 29 whose upper end communicates with the floats 7 of the oil fences 1 and whose lower end opens underwater in a forced sinking portion 21 sinking earliest when sinking at an intermediate position between the air supply/exhaust connection portions 12. A passage cross section of an air supply/exhaust hose 41 provided in the air supply/exhaust connection portions 12 is made to be in a range of 3.4 to 3.8% of a passage cross section of the floats 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention mainly relates to an oil fence system surrounding a tanker while the tanker is moored at mooring facilities in a harbor.

Conventionally, there has been known an oil fence device that encloses a tanker with a submersible oil fence while the tanker is moored at a mooring facility in a harbor (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Such an oil fence device is configured by connecting a plurality of submersible oil fences via a plurality of connectors to surround a tanker moored at a mooring facility in a harbor and the mooring facility. This oil fence has a belt-shaped body having a constant width in the vertical direction (depth direction) of the fence, and a float is integrally provided in the middle position of this belt-shaped body in the vertical direction of the fence along the longitudinal direction of the fence. A large number of weights are provided at intervals along the length of the fence.

Two of the plurality of connectors are provided with air supply/exhaust hoses to serve as air supply/exhaust connection parts for air supply/exhaust of the float. A communication hose for connection is provided to serve as a communication connection portion. By supplying and exhausting the air in the float through the supply and exhaust hose, the submersible oil fence is raised and lowered. In that case, the intermediate position between the supply and exhaust connections is defined as the forced subsidence portion that subsides the fastest during subsidence.

By the way, in the above-mentioned oil fence system, when a tanker sets sail, it is necessary to lower the submersible oil fence. is the current situation.

In recent years, in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake, there has been a demand to quickly disconnect the mooring equipment from the tanker and move the tanker offshore as quickly as possible to avoid the impact of an earthquake. Therefore, it is desired to sink the oil fence more quickly.

In an emergency such as when a tsunami occurs, it has been proposed to quickly sink the part corresponding to the bow of the tanker to quickly leave the port and evacuate the tanker (see, for example, Patent Document 2). There is a high demand for the entire oil fence to be quickly lowered by sinking in order from the forced sinking portion toward the supply/exhaust connection portion in consideration of the normal situation.

Therefore, it has been proposed to provide an exhaust portion having an exhaust valve and performing exhaust of the float by the exhaust valve near the exhaust connection portion (see, for example, Patent Document 3). It becomes necessary to provide a platform or the like for installing the exhaust section.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the need for such an extra structure, the inner diameter of the supply and exhaust hose, including the flange attached to the main body, is increased (changed from 50A to 80A), and the exhaust from the supply and exhaust connection side. It is conceivable to increase the exhaust capacity to

JP 2001-348854 A JP 2015-22760 A JP 2016-245018 A

However, if the inner diameter of the air supply/exhaust hose is increased, the amount of air exhausted by the air supply/exhaust hose increases, but it becomes difficult to control the forced sinking portion to settle first, and then to descend sequentially toward the air supply/exhaust connection portion. In other words, since the amount of air exhausted by the air supply/exhaust hose becomes too large, the movement of air in the float from the forced subsidence toward the air supply/exhaust connection part does not follow the amount of air exhausted, and air pools occur at any point on the float. This causes poor subsidence, and the effective floating/sinking function cannot be demonstrated.

Therefore, the inventor not only increased the inner diameter of the air supply and exhaust hose, but also made the forced sinking part sink more quickly, so that the air in the float moved from the forced sinking part toward the supply and exhaust connection part. We came up with the idea that if we increase the speed (flow) and make it match the exhaust speed of the supply/exhaust hose, we can ensure smooth subsidence from the forced subsidence toward the supply/exhaust connection, and shorten the subsidence time. invented.

The present invention increases the inner diameter of the supply and exhaust hose, speeds up the sinking speed of the forced sinking part, secures smooth sinking from the forced sinking part toward the supply and exhaust connection part, and shortens the sinking time and speedy. To provide an oil fence device capable of realizing subsidence.

According to the first aspect of the invention, a plurality of submersible oil fences are connected via a plurality of connectors to surround mooring equipment in a port and a tanker moored to the mooring equipment, and the oil fence is , a strip having a constant width in the vertical direction of the fence, a float is integrally provided at an intermediate position of the strip in the vertical direction of the fence along the longitudinal direction of the fence, and a plurality of weights are provided at the bottom along the longitudinal direction of the fence. are provided at intervals, air supply/exhaust hoses are provided for two of the plurality of connectors, and serve as air supply/exhaust connection parts for air supply/exhaust of the float, and air is supplied through the air supply/exhaust hoses. A boom system adapted to raise or lower the submersible boom by air or exhaust, wherein the boom is submerged at an intermediate position between the supply and exhaust connections. The forced subsidence part, which sinks the fastest, has an upper end that communicates with the float of the oil fence and a lower end that opens into the water. A buoyant body is provided, and the passage cross-sectional area of the air supply and exhaust hose is in the range of 3.4 to 3.8% of the passage cross-sectional area of the float. It should be noted that "balanced" also includes a slightly heavy case.

In this way, it is possible to shorten the settling time of the boom by ensuring that the forced settling section is set first and then settling towards the supply and exhaust connection in sequence. In particular, the forced subsidence buoyancy body is provided, the inner diameter of the supply and exhaust hose is large, and the passage cross-sectional area of the supply and exhaust hose is in the range of 3.4 to 3.8% of the passage cross-sectional area of the float. As a result, the ratio of the movement of the air in the float to the supply/exhaust connection portion due to the sinking of the buoyant body of the forced subsidence portion is balanced with the ratio of exhaust through the supply/exhaust hose, and the exhaust operation is performed smoothly. Therefore, even if the exhaust amount increases, the float smoothly and quickly sinks from the forced sinking portion toward the supply/exhaust connection portion without forming an air pool in the float.

In this case, as described in claim 2, the inner diameter of the supply and exhaust hose is 73.9 to 78.1 mm, and the inner diameter of the float is set to 400 mm. The hose length of the air supply/exhaust hose can be set to 45 to 90 m. In this way, the amount of air exhausted by the air supply/exhaust hose can be made larger than before, which is advantageous in shortening the settling time of the oil fence.

As described in claim 4, the belt-like body has a plurality of forced settlement weights spaced apart from each other on both sides of the forced settlement portion, and the forced settlement weights are arranged more than other portions. It is desirable that they are arranged so as to increase the weight per unit length. Here, ``the forced subsidence weights are arranged so that the weight per unit length is greater than that of the other parts'' means that the arrangement intervals of the forced subsidence weights are the same as the arrangement intervals of the weights of the other parts. It means that the weight is smaller than or heavier than other parts.

In this way, since the belt-shaped body has a plurality of forced settlement weights at the lower portion on both sides of the forced settlement portion, the forced settlement can be achieved regardless of the inner diameter of the supply/exhaust hose. Let the part sink quickly.

As described in claim 5, it is desirable that the forced subsidence buoyancy body has a draining member for discharging seawater from the inside of the float to the outside when the oil fence floats.

With this arrangement, even if seawater enters the float due to damage or the like, the seawater is collected in the forced subsidence buoyancy body and discharged through the draining member when the oil fence is raised.

In these cases, the mooring facility includes a platform on which an oil boom operating device is arranged, and the supply and exhaust hose is connected at one hose end to the oil boom operating device. , The other end of the hose is connected to the float via a supply/exhaust hose connection pipe, and the oil fence operation device controls the supply/exhaust of the float through the supply/exhaust hose and the supply/exhaust hose connection pipe. It is desirable that

The present invention can ensure smooth subsidence from the forced subsidence portion toward the supply/exhaust connection portion, and can realize rapid subsidence with a short subsidence time. In other words, since the forced subsidence buoyancy body is provided and the passage cross-sectional area of the supply and exhaust hose is in the range of 3.4 to 3.8% of the passage cross-sectional area of the float, the float accompanying the subsidence of the forced subsidence buoyancy body The moving rate of the internal air to the air supply/exhaust connecting portion and the rate of exhaustion through the air supply/exhaust hose are balanced, and the exhaust operation is performed smoothly. Therefore, even if the inner diameter of the supply/exhaust hose is increased to increase the displacement, the float will sink smoothly and quickly from the forced subsidence toward the supply/exhaust connection, allowing the tanker to depart early. can be done.

1 is a schematic plan view of a boom system of the present invention showing a tanker moored to a mooring facility; FIG. 2(a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2(a). is. The forced subsidence part of the said oil fence apparatus is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view, (c) is a side view. It is a front view which shows the general part (communication connection part) of the said oil fence apparatus. The air supply/exhaust hose of the oil fence device is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a left side view, and (c) is a view showing a connecting portion. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the piping size of the supply/exhaust hose and the subsidence time when the diameter of the float is 400 mm. It is a figure which shows the relationship between hose length and sinking time when the diameter of a float is 400 mm and the piping size of an air supply/exhaust hose is 80A.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the oil fence system of the present invention, showing a state in which a tanker is moored to mooring equipment.

As shown in FIG. 1, a tanker T is moored at a mooring facility 101 and an oil cargo handling operation is performed. A mooring facility 101 has a large platform 102 at its center and a small platform 103 spaced apart from each other. Although not specifically illustrated, an oil supply/discharge pipe from an oil storage facility such as an oil tank installed on land is connected to the oil delivery port of the tanker T through a large platform 102 . As a result, oil is supplied and discharged between the tanker T and the oil storage facility.

An oil fence surrounding a tanker T and a mooring facility 101 by connecting a plurality of types of submersible oil fences 1 having different fence lengths (all shown as 1 even if the lengths are different) via a connector 2. A device 3 is configured. Each oil fence 1 is stretched with ropes 5 with many anchors 4 so as not to move.

Adjacent oil fences 1 are connected by connectors 2 . The connector 2, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, forced subsidence portions 21, 21 provided at intermediate positions between the two supply/exhaust connection portions 12, 12 and subsided earliest when the oil fence 1 subsides, are shown in FIG. As shown, a communication hose 51 is provided to communicate the adjacent floats 7 with each other, and a communication connection portion 52 is provided to communicate the adjacent floats 7 with each other. The upper end of each air supply/exhaust hose connection pipe 11 is connected to the end of the float 7, and the lower end extends from an oil fence operation device arranged on the platform 103, for example, although not specifically shown. The hose end of the air supply/exhaust hose 41 is connected, and air supply/exhaust control of the float 7 through each air supply/exhaust hose 41 and the air supply/exhaust hose connection pipe 11 is performed by the oil fence operating device. In addition, in the air supply/exhaust connection part 12, it is not necessary to provide two air supply/exhaust hose connection pipes 11 (air supply/exhaust hose 41), and one may be provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, each oil fence 1 has a belt-like body 6 having a constant width in the vertical direction (depth direction) of the fence. are integrally installed along the The belt-like body 6 is a rubber sheet containing, for example, a reinforcing base fabric as a core body, and a large number of weights 8 are provided at intervals along the fence longitudinal direction at the lower part of the belt-like body 6 in order to increase the floating stability. It is

As shown in FIG. 2, the air supply/exhaust connection part 12 is provided with flanged nipple holding metal fittings 13 at the opposite ends of the adjacent floats 7 and connected by upper and lower air supply/exhaust connection fittings 14A and 14B. there is And it is made to float by the auxiliary float 15. - 特許庁A flanged nipple 16 that communicates with the end of the adjacent float 7 is supported by a flanged nipple retainer fitting 13, and supply/exhaust hose connecting pipes 11, 11 are connected to the flanged nipple 16 via an elbow 17 and a flexible joint 18. ing. Thereby, the supply/exhaust hose 41 is connected to the float 7 via the supply/exhaust hose connection pipes 11 , 11 , the flexible joint 18 , the elbow 17 and the nipple 16 .

As shown in FIG. 3, in the forced subsidence portions 21, 21, flanged nipple holding metal fittings 22, 22 are provided at the opposing ends of the adjacent floats 7, and the forced subsidence portion connections arranged separately in the vertical direction are provided. They are connected by metal fittings 23A and 23B. A nipple 24 with a flange is provided at an intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the pressing metal fittings 22 , 22 , and they are connected by a main pipe 26 having a safety valve 25 . A rubber cover 27 is provided between the nipple pressing metal fittings 22 , 22 . Under the forced subsidence portions 21, 21, a forced subsidence portion buoyancy body 29 having flanged nipple pressing metal fittings 28, 28 provided above and below is provided. The forced subsidence part buoyancy body 29 has an upper end that communicates with the float 7 of the oil fence 1, a lower end that opens into the water, and a lower part that balances the buoyancy generated in the forced subsidence part buoyancy body 29 or is slightly heavy. Weights 30 are stacked and provided.

A drainage pipe 32 having a valve 31 at its upper end and connected to the main pipe 26 at its lower end is provided on the upper forced subsidence fitting 23A. In addition, the forced subsidence portion buoyancy body 29 is provided with an interior drain hose 34 that extends vertically and whose upper end is connected to the main pipe 26 with a flexible joint 33 interposed therebetween.

On both sides of the forced settlement portion 21, a plurality of forced settlement portion weights 35 (26.5 kg/set), which are heavier than the weights 8, are placed at regular intervals along the fence longitudinal direction at the bottom of the strip 6. is provided.

In other words, most of the weights 8 are regularly arranged at regular intervals, but on both sides of the forced settlement portion 21, forced settlement portion weights 35, which are heavier than the weights 8, are arranged at regular intervals. is provided. Therefore, when the air in the float 7 is exhausted, the forced subsidence portion 21 provided with the forced subsidence portion weight 35 sinks faster than the other portions provided with the weights 8 .

The supply/exhaust hose 41 connected to the supply/exhaust hose connection pipes 11, 11 has a nominal diameter of 80A, and is provided with nipples 43 with flanges 42 at both ends, as shown in FIG. 5(a). A reinforcing cord 45 , a reinforcing wire 46 , an intermediate rubber 47 , a reinforcing cord 48 and an outer rubber 49 are provided in this order outside the inner rubber 44 .

給排気ホース４１（配管サイズ８０Ａ）の内径は、７３．９～７８．１ｍｍで、従来よりも大きくなっている。給排気ホースの断面積は、０．００４２８９～０．００４７９０ｍ²である。

Table 1 shows the inner diameter (mm) of the air supply/exhaust hose, and Table 2 shows the cross-sectional area (m ² ) of the air supply/exhaust hose according to the pipe size.

The inner diameter of the air supply/exhaust hose 41 (pipe size 80A) is 73.9 to 78.1 mm, which is larger than the conventional one. The cross-sectional area of the air supply/exhaust hose is 0.004289 to 0.004790 m ² .

Since the inner diameter of the float 7 is 400 mm, as shown in Table 3, the passage cross-sectional area ratio of the air supply/exhaust hose 41 to the float 7 is 0.0341 to 0.0381, and the passage cross-sectional area of the air supply/exhaust hose 41 is 0.0341 to 0.0381. It is in the range of 3.4 to 3.8% of the passage area of 7. If the passage cross-sectional area of the air supply/exhaust hose 41 is in the range of 3.4 to 3.8% of the passage cross-sectional area of the float 7, the buoyancy force of the forced subsidence portion can be obtained by providing the forced subsidence wing 29 as described above. As the body 29 sinks, the air inside the float 7 moves to the air supply/exhaust joint 12 and the air exhaust ratio through the air supply/exhaust hose 41 is balanced. Air accumulation in the float 7 is suppressed, and smooth and rapid exhaust is realized. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, compared with the conventional case (50 A), the settling time (the time required for the portion indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 1 (length 278 m) to set) can be significantly reduced. I understand.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the longer the supply/exhaust hose 41, the longer the settling time. The length of the supply and exhaust hoses 41 is adjusted by fastening the flanges 42 together using bolts 50 and nuts 51 .

In this way, the forced subsidence portion 21 is adjusted so that the ratio of movement of the air in the float 7 to the air supply/exhaust connection portion 41 and the ratio of exhaust through the supply/exhaust hose 41 due to the subsidence of the forced subsidence portion buoyant body 29 are balanced. The weights of the weights 30 and 35 are also determined by calculation or experiment.

According to the boom system 3, before the tanker T enters the harbor and is moored by the mooring equipment 101, the boom 1 has sunk to the bottom of the sea. Then, in a state in which the tanker T enters the port and is moored at the mooring equipment 101, an oil fence operating device (not shown) is operated to operate the oil fences through the air supply/exhaust hose 41 and the communication hose 51 at the air supply/exhaust connection portion 12. Air is introduced into the float 7 of 1. As a result, the oil fence 1 rises to the surface of the sea due to the buoyancy of the float 7 into which the air is introduced.

Further, even if seawater enters the float 7 due to damage or the like, the seawater is collected in the forced subsidence buoyancy body 22 by introducing air. Then, it is discharged through the water draining pipe 32 and the internal water draining hose 34 at the time of surfacing.

Since the oil fence 1 is connected in advance to the ropes 5 with a large number of anchors 4, it is placed in a fixed position in a floating state when it floats on the surface of the sea, and drifting is prevented.

At this time, the mooring facility 101 is also surrounded by the boom 1 together with the tanker T. As a result, even if the oil cargo handling work is started and the oil leaks from the oil delivery port or the like, the oil fence 1 prevents the oil from diffusing to the surroundings.

Then, when the oil cargo handling work is completed, or when the work is completed and the tanker T departs from port, the oil fence operation device is operated to supply the oil through the supply and exhaust hoses 41, 41 at the supply and exhaust connection portions 12. Air in the float 7 of the fence 1 is discharged. Since the floats 7 are interconnected by the communication hoses 51, air is exhausted from all the floats 7. As a result, the oil fence 1 sinks below the sea surface.

At this time, the central position between the supply/exhaust connection portions 12 becomes forced subsidence portions 21, 21 where the oil fence subsides first. That is, the forced subsidence buoyancy body 29, which is under water pressure higher than that of the float 7, collapses first, and since the forced subsidence part weight 35 is provided, the buoyancy balance is lost and the forced subsidence parts 21, 21 sink. Then, the oil fence 1 descends toward the supply/exhaust connection portion 12 in order.

At this time, the inner diameters of the air supply/exhaust hose connection pipe 11 and the air supply/exhaust hoses 41, 41 are larger than those of the conventional one, and the exhaust amount per hour through the air supply/exhaust hose connection pipe 11 and the air supply/exhaust hoses 41, 41 is larger than conventional. Although it increases, the forced subsidence buoyancy body 29 is provided, and the passage cross-sectional area of the air supply and exhaust hose is set to be in the range of 3.4 to 3.8% of the passage cross-sectional area of the float. The rate of exhaustion through the hoses 41 , 41 is balanced with the rate of decrease in the amount of air in the float 7 accompanying the sinking of the forced sinking portion 21 . Therefore, when sinking is started from the forced sinking portions 21 , 21 , the oil fence 1 sinks toward each supply/exhaust connection portion 12 in sequence without air remaining in the float 7 . Since the amount of air exhausted through the air supply and exhaust hoses 41, 41 is greater than before, the time required for the oil fence 1 to settle is also shorter than before. Since the oil fence 1 is connected to many ropes 5 with anchors 4, drifting is prevented.

As described above, not only are the inner diameters of the air supply/exhaust hose connection pipe 11 and the air supply/exhaust hoses 41, 41 larger than in the conventional art, but the passage cross-sectional area of the air supply/exhaust hose is set to 3.4 times the passage cross-sectional area of the float. 3.8%, and by providing the forced subsidence part buoyancy body 29 below the forced subsidence part 21, the exhaust rate through the supply and exhaust hoses 41, 41 is increased within the float 7 accompanying the subsidence of the forced subsidence part 21. of the air amount can be balanced, and the oil fence 1 can be lowered in order from the forced depression part 21 toward each supply/exhaust connection part 12 without causing the air to stay in the float 7.例文帳に追加

As described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, but various additions, changes, or deletions can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 Submerged oil fence 2 Connector 3 Oil fence device 4 Anchor 5 Rope 6 Belt-shaped body 7 Float 8 Weight 11 Supply/exhaust hose connection pipe 12 Supply/exhaust connection parts 14A, 14B Supply/exhaust connection fitting 21 Forced subsidence part 29 Forced subsidence part buoyancy body 30 weight 32 drain pipe 34 interior drain hose 35 forced subsidence weight 41 supply and exhaust hose 101 mooring equipment T tanker

Claims (6)

A plurality of submersible oil fences are connected via a plurality of connectors to surround the mooring equipment in the port and the tanker moored to the mooring equipment,
The oil fence has a belt-shaped body having a constant width in the vertical direction of the fence, a float is integrally provided in the middle position of the belt-shaped body in the vertical direction of the fence along the longitudinal direction of the fence, and a float is provided at the bottom along the longitudinal direction of the fence. A plurality of weights are provided at intervals,
An air supply/exhaust hose is provided for two of the plurality of connectors, and serves as an air supply/exhaust connection portion for supplying/exhausting air to/from the float, and air is supplied or exhausted through the air supply/exhaust hose. An oil fence device that floats and sinks the submersible oil fence,
The forced subsidence portion, which subsides most quickly during subsidence at an intermediate position between the supply and exhaust connection portions, has an upper end that communicates with the float of the oil fence and a lower end that opens into the water. a forced subsidence buoyancy body having a plurality of weights to balance the buoyancy forces on the body;
The passage cross-sectional area of the air supply and exhaust hose is in the range of 3.4 to 3.8% of the passage cross-sectional area of the float.
An oil fence device characterized by: The oil fence device according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the supply and exhaust hose is 73.9 to 78.1 mm, and the inner diameter of the float is 400 mm. 3. The oil fence device according to claim 1, wherein the air supply and exhaust hose has a hose length of 45 to 90 m. The belt-like body has a plurality of forced subsidence weights spaced apart from each other on both sides of the forced subsidence.
The oil fence device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the forced subsidence weight is arranged so as to have a greater weight per unit length than other portions. The oil fence device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the forced subsidence buoyancy body has a draining member that discharges seawater from the inside of the float to the outside when the oil fence floats. the mooring installation includes a platform on which the boom operating device is located;
One hose end of the air supply and exhaust hose is connected to the oil fence operation device, and the other hose end is connected to the float via an air supply and exhaust hose connecting pipe,
The oil fence device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the oil fence operating device performs air supply/exhaust control of the float through the air supply/exhaust hose and the air supply/exhaust hose connecting pipe.

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