JP2023054493A - Covering material type roof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a covering material type roof structure for realizing an openable/closable roof without applying local stress to a covering material (for example, roof film) at a position of fitting to a roof beam, by canceling problems of the conventional technology.SOLUTION: A covering type roof structure for a facility has multiple roof beams arranged roughly in parallel, sheet-like covering materials covering a part of or entire facility, multiple covering material locking means installed with intervals in the roof beam axial direction, and buffers continuously arranged in the beam axial direction of the roof beam. The buffer is fixed at a lower face side end part of an upper flange. The covering material locking means is connected to the upper flange with pins, and end parts of the covering material are fitted to the covering material locking means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to roof structures for facilities such as stadiums, and more specifically, to a covering type roof structure having a material covering the facilities such as a membrane roof.

Facilities that accommodate many spectators, such as stadiums and event venues, are sometimes roofed so that they can be held even in rainy weather. Furthermore, an increasing number of facilities are adopting retractable roofs so that competitions can be held in a natural environment when the weather is fine.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a retractable roof has mainly had a structure in which a plurality of girders (hereinafter referred to as "roof girders") constituting the roof move. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, a membrane material (hereinafter referred to as a "membrane roof RF") is installed between adjacent roof girders RG so as to span, and when the roof girders RG move to expand the space between the roof girders RG. The membrane roof RF is expanded and the roof is closed (hereinafter referred to as the “closed door state”) (left side of FIG. 7(b)). This is the state in which the roof is open (hereinafter referred to as "open door state") (right side of FIG. 7(b)). FIG. 7(a) is a plan view showing a soccer stadium SC, which is an example of a facility with a retractable roof, and FIG. 7(b) is a plan view showing how the roof of the soccer stadium SC opens and closes. be.

As a general rule, the roof, which is the main structural part of a building, must be noncombustible. Therefore, when adopting membrane roof RF as a roofing material, it is necessary to select a noncombustible material. Roofing membrane RF is classified into types A and B, which use glass fiber as the base fabric, and type C, which uses synthetic fiber as the base fabric, and tent warehouse use. Of these, types A and B are noncombustible materials. In other words, it is desirable to use the A-type or B-type roof membrane RF as the roof material. For example, the Tokyo Dome, which was built in 1988, adopted A-type roof membrane RF, and has maintained sufficient functionality and strength for more than 20 years.

On the other hand, the A-type and B-type roofing membranes RF cannot withstand excessive deformation such as bending because the base fabric is made of glass fiber. In other words, when A-type or B-type roof membrane RF is applied to a soccer stadium SC, it is desirable in terms of noncombustibility, but it is considered unsuitable for a retractable type. Nevertheless, there has been a demand to apply A-type or B-type roof membrane RF to the roof of a facility such as a soccer stadium SC and then make the structure openable. Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes an invention that enables opening and closing of the roof without applying excessive deformation to the roof membrane RF.

JP 2016-84689 A

In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, by providing the roof membrane RF with a center folding portion in advance, the position where the roof membrane RF is folded is limited, that is, it is possible to suppress unexpected deformation, thereby preventing excessive deformation of the roof membrane RF. It is possible to suppress adding unnecessary deformation. Therefore, A-type and B-type roof membrane RF can be applied to the retractable roof of the soccer stadium SC.

By the way, the roof girder RG, as shown in FIG. steel) was often used, and one end of the roof membrane RF was generally fixed to the underside of the top flange PF. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 8(a), one end of the roof membrane RF is sandwiched between upper and lower clamping plates PS, and bolts BL are sewn onto the gusset plate PG welded to the lower surface of the upper flange PF. holding plate PS is attached. Of course, the structure shown in FIG. 8(a) is only an example, but in any case, one end of the roof membrane RF is attached to the lower surface of the upper flange PF while being constrained in three directions (horizontal direction, vertical direction, and rotational direction). was fixed.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8(b), the roof membranes RF in a state where the space between the roof membranes RF is widened and expanded is not excessively deformed and concentrated stress does not act on the roof membranes RF. As shown in c), the roof membrane RF in a folded state with the space between the roof membranes RF shortened has an extremely bent portion (“folded portion” shown in the figure) and a large stress is acting thereon. When such stress (so to speak, bending stress) acts repeatedly, the relevant portion of the roof membrane RF is, of course, susceptible to damage, and in particular, the A- and B-class roof membrane RFs are damaged to such an extent that they cannot withstand use. Sometimes.

In addition, when the roof membrane RF is stretched as shown in FIG. 8B, water such as rainwater easily enters between the roof membrane RF and the upper flange PF. There is also a possibility that the roof membrane RF may separate from the roof girder RG due to progress of corrosion of the jigs (such as the gusset plate PG and the clamping plate PS). Furthermore, when the roof membrane RF is expanded as shown in FIG. 8(b), the roof membrane RF may vibrate up and down due to strong winds, etc. In this case, the roof membrane RF contacts the edge of the upper flange PF. As a result, there is a possibility that the portion of the roof membrane RF may be damaged.

The object of the present invention is to solve the problem of the prior art, i.e. to realize a retractable roof without exerting local stress on the covering material (e.g. roof membrane) at the point of attachment to the roof girder. Another object of the present invention is to provide a covering material type roof structure capable of

The present invention pin-connects the covering material (for example, the roof membrane) to the upper flange so that it can rotate in a substantially vertical plane (including the vertical plane), and the cushioning material is provided so that the covering material does not contact the upper flange. This invention was developed by paying attention to the point of providing .

The covering material type roof structure of the present invention is a roof structure of a facility, and includes a plurality of "roof girders (girders that make up the roof)" arranged substantially parallel (including parallel) and a part of the facility (or a sheet-like “covering material” that covers the whole of the roof girder, multiple “covering material locking means” arranged at intervals in the girder axis direction of the roof girder, continuously in the girder axis direction of the roof girder (or at intervals) intermittent). The roof girder includes a web and an upper flange provided on the top of the web, and some (or all) of the plurality of roof girders are movable in the axis-perpendicular direction. The buffer is fixed near the end on the lower side of the upper flange. The covering material locking means is pin-coupled to the upper flange on the lower surface side of the upper flange and on the side of the web panel rather than the shock absorber so that it can rotate within a substantially vertical plane (including a vertical plane). One end of the covering material is attached to the covering material locking means of one adjacent roof girder, and the other end of the covering material is attached to the covering material locking means of the other adjacent roof girder. When the roof girders move so as to widen the space between the adjacent roof girders, the covering material expands, and the expanded covering material contacts the lower end of the cushioning body, thereby avoiding contact with the upper flange.

In the covering material type roof structure of the present invention, the covering material locking means may comprise a support material, a gripping material, and a connecting body. A support is attached to the upper flange in a pinned connection, a gripping material grips the ends of the dressing, and a connector connects the support and the gripping material.

In the covering material type roof structure of the present invention, the covering material locking means comprises a support material, a gripping material, and a connecting body, and the connecting body adjusts the distance between the supporting material and the gripping material, thereby separating the covering material. It is also possible to make the entire length of the material locking means extendable.

The cladding-type roof structure of the present invention can also have cushioning bodies arranged in two or more rows.

The covering material type roof structure of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) Since the ends of the covering material are pin-connected to the upper flange, the movement in the rotational direction is free, and local stress concentration in the covering material can be suppressed. Therefore, A-type and B-type roof membranes can be applied even to a retractable roof.
(2) Since the buffer is provided, it is possible to reduce the risk of rainwater or the like entering between the stretched roof membrane and the upper flange, and as a result, it is possible to suppress the progress of corrosion of the covering material locking means.
(3) In addition, since the buffer is provided, the spread covering material does not come into contact with the upper flange, that is, damage to the covering material due to contact can be avoided.

(a) is a top plan view schematically showing a soccer stadium provided with the covering material roof structure of the present invention, and (b) schematically shows the soccer stadium without the covering material roof structure. 1 is a plan view seen from above; FIG. (a) is a partial cross-sectional view (cut along the vertical plane) schematically showing the roof girder to which the covering material is attached in the expanded state, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the roof girder to which the covering material is attached in the folded state. Schematic partial cross-sectional view (cut in the vertical plane). (a) is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a covering material locking means whose length is adjustable, and (b) is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a covering material locking means whose length does not change. FIG. 4 is a plan view seen from below schematically showing a plurality of covering material locking means attached to the roof girder at intervals in the girder axis direction; Fig. 2 is a plan view seen from below schematically showing cushioning materials arranged continuously or intermittently at intervals on a roof girder in the girder axis direction; (a) is a step diagram showing a state in which the covering material is expanded in the process of using the covering type roof structure, and (b) is a step diagram showing the state in which the covering material is folded in the process of using the covering type roof structure. (a) is a top plan view of a soccer stadium SC, which is an example of a facility with a retractable roof, and (b) is a plan view schematically showing how the roof of the soccer stadium opens and closes. (a) is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a conventional structure in which one end of the roof membrane is fixed to the lower surface of the upper flange, and (b) is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the roof membrane in a state in which the gap between the roof membranes is widened. FIG. (c) is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the roof membrane in a folded state with the space between the roof membranes shrunk.

An example of an embodiment of the covering material type roof structure of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In addition, although the covering material type roof structure of the present invention can be used for roofs of all kinds of facilities such as stadiums, concert halls, and exhibition halls, for the sake of convenience, an example of a stadium (especially a soccer stadium) will be explained here. It is assumed that

FIG. 1(a) is a plan view schematically showing a soccer stadium SC provided with a covering material type roof structure 100 of the present invention. For reference, FIG. 1(b) shows a soccer field SC without the covering material type roof structure 100. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1(a), the covering material type roof structure 100 of the present invention includes a plurality of roof girders 110 (girders constituting the roof) and covering material 120, and covering material locking means and shock absorbers which will be described later. consists of

The roof girder 110 is a so-called shaft member whose axial dimension (length) is superior to its cross-sectional dimension, and is bridged from one end of the soccer stadium SC to the other end. Various shapes such as a polygonal shape can be used. For the sake of convenience, as shown in FIG. The direction perpendicular to the girder (horizontal direction in the figure) is called the “perpendicular direction to the girder axis”. However, the direction of the girder axis and the direction perpendicular to the girder axis are directions set on a substantially horizontal plane (including the horizontal plane). The roof girder 110 moves in the direction perpendicular to the girder axis. direction) is referred to as “backward”. In FIG. 1(a), the covering material type roof structure 100 divided into left and right parts is configured to move in the direction perpendicular to the girder axis. It can also be configured to arrange the roof structure 100 .

2A and 2B are partial cross-sectional views (cut along the vertical plane) schematically showing the roof girder 110 to which the covering material 120 is attached. FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the covering material 120 is folded; As shown in this figure, one end of the covering material 120 (the right end in the drawing) is locked by the covering material locking means 130, and the covering material locking means 130 locking the covering material 120 is attached to the roof girder 110, A buffer 140 is fixed to the roof girder 110 . For the sake of convenience, the right covering material 120 and the covering material locking means 130 are omitted in this drawing. As shown in FIG. 1, the covering material 120 is attached so as to span between adjacent roof girders 110 in the direction perpendicular to the girder axis. The other end (for example, the left end) of the covering material 120 is attached to the roof girder 110 via the covering material locking means 130 . Also, as shown in FIG. 2, the covering material locking means 130 is attached (that is, pinned) to the roof girder 110 so as to be rotatable in a substantially vertical plane (including a vertical plane), thereby The covering material 120 is also attached to the roof girder 110 so as to be rotatable within a substantially vertical plane (including vertical planes) (that is, pinned).

Hereinafter, each main element constituting the covering material type roof structure 100 of the present invention will be described in detail.

(roof girder)
As described above, the roof girder 110 is a so-called shaft member whose axial dimension is superior to its cross-sectional dimension. As shown in FIG. It is a member including an upper flange 112 . For example, as the roof girder 110, T-shaped steel (CT-shaped steel) or H-shaped steel (or I-shaped steel) having a lower flange can be used.

The roof girder 110 is movable in the direction perpendicular to the girder axis. Moving the roof girder 110 forward brings the roof into a closed state (door closed state), and conversely, moving the roof girder 110 rearward closes the roof. It is in an open state (door open state). When moving the roof girders 110, various conventional techniques can be used, such as a mechanism that pulls the roof girders 110 using a winch or the like, or a mechanism that allows the roof girders 110 to run on rails. can be done. It should be noted that all the roof girders 110 may be configured to be movable in the direction perpendicular to the girder axis, or only some of the plurality of roof girders 110 may be configured to be movable in the direction perpendicular to the girder axis. can. For example, in FIG. 1A, the leftmost and rightmost roof girders 110 are fixed to a part of the soccer field SC and cannot be moved, and the remaining roof girders 110 are movable.

(covering material)
The covering material 120 is a sheet-like member whose planar dimensions (width and length) are superior to its thickness dimensions, and A-type and B-type roofing membranes can be used. As described above, the covering material 120 is attached so as to bridge between the roof beams 110 adjacent in the direction perpendicular to the girder axis. ), the covering material 120 expands to cover the whole (or part) of the soccer field SC, and conversely, when the roof girder 110 moves to open the door (that is, to the rear), As shown in (b), the covering material 120 is folded to open all (or part) of the soccer field SC. In addition to the A-type and B-type roof membranes, the covering material 120 can also be a C-type or a membrane roof for tent warehouses, or any sheet-like material such as a blindfold sheet used to hide scaffolding. materials are available. When a membrane roof is used as the covering material 120, the soccer stadium SC can of course be protected from rain and the like, and when a blind sheet provided with a mesh is used, the soccer stadium SC can be shaded. be.

(Covering material locking means)
The cover material locking means 130 is a member that locks the cover material 120 at one end and is pin-coupled to the roof girder 110 at the other end. 3A and 3B are partial cross-sectional views schematically showing an example of the covering material locking means 130, in which (a) shows the covering material locking means 130 whose length can be adjusted, and (b) shows the length of which does not change. Covering locking means 130 are shown.

The covering material locking means 130 shown in FIG. Among them, the support member 131 is composed of a support body portion 131a having a screw around its periphery and an annular (ring-shaped) support coupling portion 131b fixed to one end (right end in the figure) of the support body portion 131a. . The gripping member 132 is composed of a gripping main body portion 132a having screws around its circumference, and a plate-like first plate 132b fixed to one end (the left end in the drawing) of the gripping main body portion 132a. Then, the support main body portion 131a of the support member 131 is screwed into an insertion hole provided at one end (right side in the drawing) of the connecting body 133, and an insertion hole provided at the other end (left side in the drawing) of the connecting body 133. The support member 131 and the gripping member 132 are connected via the connecting body 133 by screwing the gripping main body portion 132a of the gripping member 132 to the support member 131 . In other words, the covering material locking means 130 shown in FIG. 3(a) has a conventional turnbuckle structure, and the support material 131 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightening length (screw engagement length) of the supporting body portion 131a and the gripping body portion 132a. and the gripping member 132 can be changed, ie the overall length of the covering material locking means 130 can be changed (that is, it can be stretched or contracted).

The covering material locking means 130 is pin-connected to the roof girder 110 by the support connection portion 131 b of the support material 131 . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the central hole of the annular (ring-shaped) flange joint portion 113 attached to the lower surface side of the upper flange 112 near the abdominal plate 111 and the central hole of the support joint portion 131b The covering material locking means 130 is pin-connected to the roof girder 110 by aligning the positions and inserting the pins. Thus, the covering material locking means 130 is attached to the roof girder 110 so as to be rotatable in a substantially vertical plane, and the covering material 120 is also attached to the roof girder 110 so as to be rotatable in a substantially vertical plane. By pin-connecting the covering material 120, the roof membrane RF in the folded state has an extremely bent portion in FIG. 8(c), whereas in FIG. It is possible to avoid the repetitive application of local stress (that is, stress due to bending) to the covering material 120 without causing an extremely deformed portion.

Covering material 120 is gripped by first plate 132 b of gripping material 132 . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the end portion of the covering material 120 is sandwiched between the first plate 132b and the plate-like second plate 134, and the insertion hole provided in the first plate 132b and the second plate 134 Covering material 120 is gripped by screwing bolt 135 into an insertion hole provided in the cover material 120 and an insertion hole provided in cover material 120 .

As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of covering material locking means 130 are attached to the roof girder 110 at intervals in the girder axis direction. FIG. 4 is a plan view from below schematically showing a plurality of covering material locking means 130 attached to the roof girder 110. As shown in FIG. Needless to say, the covering material locking means 130 (that is, the flange joints 113) are attached to the upper flanges 112 on both sides of the abdominal plate 111. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the covering material 120 is supported by the roof girder 110 at a plurality of points along the girder axis. 4, the covering material 120 can be attached to the covering material locking means 130 so that the end portion (right side in the figure) of the covering material 120 has a corrugated shape as shown on the left side of the abdominal plate 111. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. As shown on the right side of the abdominal plate 111, the covering material 120 can be attached to the covering material locking means 130 so that the end portion (the left side in the figure) of the covering material 120 is linear.

The covering material locking means 130 has a turnbuckle structure as shown in FIG. 3(a). ) may be configured to connect the supporting member 131 and the gripping member 132 so that they are not changed. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3(b), a configuration that does not include the grip member 132 and the connecting body 133 may be employed. The support member 131 in this case is composed of a support main body portion 131a, a support coupling portion 131b, and a plate-like support plate 131c fixed to one end (the left end in the drawing) of the support main body portion 131a. Then, the support plate 131c and the second plate 134 hold the ends of the covering material 120, and the bolts 135 are inserted into the insertion holes provided in the support plate 131c, the insertion holes of the second plate 134, and the insertion holes of the covering material 120. Covering material 120 is gripped by screwing.

(buffer)
As shown in FIG. 2(a), the cushioning body 140 is formed including a cushioning support material 141 and a cushioning material 142, and is located on the lower surface side of the upper flange 112 of the water cutoff wall 141 and the covering material is engaged. It is fixed outside the means 130 , i.e. near (and including) the edge of the upper flange 112 .

The shock absorber 140 is a member for preventing damage due to contact of the spread covering material 120 with the upper flange 111. More specifically, as shown in FIG. The interposition of the buffer 140 avoids contact with the upper flange 111 . Therefore, the cushioning material 142 that contacts the upper surface of the covering material 120 is made of a material that does not damage the covering material 120, such as a resin material such as synthetic rubber. 5, the cushioning material 142 is arranged continuously in the girder axis direction of the roof girder 110, as shown on the left side of the web panel 111. As shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown on the left side of the web panel 111 in FIG. The cushioning material 142 can also be placed in the row). FIG. 5 is a plan view from below schematically showing the cushioning material 142 attached to the roof girder 110. As shown in FIG. Although two rows of the cushioning materials 142 are intermittently arranged in this figure, the cushioning materials 142 can of course be continuously arranged in two or more rows. In addition, when the cushioning materials 142 are arranged in two or more rows intermittently, the intervals between the cushioning materials 142 should be arranged so that they do not overlap (so-called potato splicing), that is, the intervals should be staggered. A material 142 may be installed.

The cushioning support member 141 is fixed to the upper flange 111 at its upper end to support the cushioning member 142 attached to its lower end. The shock-absorbing support member 141 may be rod-shaped or cylindrical, or may be formed in the shape of a wall of a thin plate. By installing the wall-shaped cushioning support members 141 continuously (or intermittently while providing intervals) in the direction of the girder axis, the roof membrane 120 and the upper flange 111 are stretched as shown in FIG. 2(a). Rainwater or the like can be prevented from entering between them, and as a result, progress of corrosion of the covering material locking means 130 and the flange joint portion 113 can be suppressed, which is preferable.

(Example of use)
FIG. 6 is a step diagram when using the covering material type roof structure 100 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view (cut along a vertical plane) showing a state in which the material 120 is folded;

In FIG. 6A, the gap between two adjacent roof girders 110 is increased by moving the roof girders 110 forward. At this time, contact with the upper flange 111 is avoided by contacting the upper surface of the spread covering material 120 with the cushioning body 140 (especially the cushioning material 142), that is, damage due to contact with the upper flange 111 is prevented. ing. In addition, the wall-shaped buffer support material 141 prevents rainwater from entering between the stretched roof membrane 120 and the upper flange 111, that is, the progress of corrosion of the covering material locking means 130 and the flange joint 113 is prevented. suppressed.

In FIG. 6B, the space between two adjacent roof girders 110 is reduced by moving the roof girders 110 rearward, and as a result, the covering material 120 is folded to open the door. At this time, since the covering material 120 is pin-connected to the roof girder 110 via the covering material locking means 130, the covering material 120 does not undergo extreme deformation, that is, the covering material 120 is locally deformed. Repeated action of stresses (that is to say stresses due to bending) is avoided.

The covering material type roof structure of the present invention is suitable for various stadiums such as baseball stadiums, soccer stadiums, track and field stadiums, entertainment facilities for various events such as concerts, large-scale factories, commercial facilities such as arcades, etc. can be employed in In particular, it can be suitably used for the retractable roof of facilities where noncombustible roof membranes such as A-type and B-type roof membranes are required.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 Covering Material Type Roof Structure of the Present Invention 110 Roof Girder 111 Web Board 112 Top Flange 113 Flange Joint Portion 120 Covering Material 130 Covering Material Locking Means 131 Supporting Material 131a Supporting Body 131b Supporting Joint 131c Supporting Plate 132 Gripping Material 132a Gripping Main body 132b First plate 133 Connector 134 Second plate 135 Bolt 140 Buffer BL Bolt PF Upper flange PG Gusset plate PS Clamping plate PW Web plate RF Membrane roof RG Roof girder SC Soccer field

Claims (4)

A roof structure for a facility,
a plurality of roof girders arranged in parallel or substantially parallel;
A sheet-like covering material covering part or all of the facility;
a plurality of covering material locking means arranged at intervals in the girder axis direction of the roof girder;
a buffer that is arranged continuously or intermittently with intervals in the girder axis direction of the roof girder,
The roof girder includes a web plate and an upper flange provided on the top of the web plate,
Some or all of the plurality of roof girders are movable in a horizontal or substantially horizontal direction perpendicular to the girder axis direction of the roof girder,
The buffer is fixed near the end on the lower surface side of the upper flange,
The covering material locking means is pin-coupled to the upper flange so as to be rotatable in a vertical or substantially vertical plane on the lower surface side of the upper flange and closer to the web than the shock absorber,
One end of the covering material is attached to the covering material locking means of one of the adjacent roof girders, and the other end of the covering material is attached to the covering material locking means of the other adjacent roof girder,
When the roof girders move such that the spacing between adjacent roof girders increases, the covering material expands,
The spread covering material contacts the lower end of the cushioning body, thereby avoiding contact with the upper flange.
A covering material type roof structure characterized by: The covering material locking means has a supporting material, a gripping material, and a connecting body,
the support is attached to the upper flange in a pinned connection;
The gripping material grips an end of the covering material,
The connecting body connects the supporting member and the gripping member,
The covering material type roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting body can extend and contract the covering material locking means by adjusting the distance between the supporting material and the gripping material.
The covering material type roof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: wherein the cushions are arranged in two or more rows,
The covering material type roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

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